A shield structure and a reactor containing the same

Abstract

The present invention provides a shielding structure and a reactor containing the same, wherein the shielding structure comprises a type T shielding module, a type M shielding module and a type B shielding module; the three modules are all closed structures including a hollow area and a solid area; the type T shielding module also comprises a foot pad; the type M shielding module also comprises a groove and a foot pad; the type B shielding module also comprises a groove; the three modules are connected adjacently through the groove and the foot pad in sequence; the foot pad of the type T shielding module coincides with the groove position of the type M shielding module, and the foot pad of the type M shielding module coincides with the groove position of the type B shielding module; the number of the type T shielding module, the type M shielding module and the type B shielding module is one or more. The structure of the present invention can greatly reduce the mass of the shielding body, meet the requirements of lightweight nuclear reactor system; and has the advantages of design flexibility and simple and compact structure, and can fully realize modular assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a shielding structure and a reactor containing the shielding structure. Background Art

[0002] Fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature reactors have good safety, sustainability and nuclear non-proliferation, and are one of the popular candidate reactor types in the fourth-generation nuclear energy system. Most of the existing concepts of fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature reactors are concentrated on large commercial nuclear power plants with thermal power in the gigawatt range. Small fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature reactors with a thermal power of hundreds of megawatts have great advantages in the research and development and construction costs of new reactors, and are more suitable for remote environments or special purposes. Considering the particularity of the application environment, small fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature reactors usually adopt the overall transportation mode of the reactor body. However, the limited space of the carrier imposes strict requirements on the size and weight of the reactor body. In the traditional reactor body design, the radiation shielding system usually uses alloys and / or concrete to shield neutrons and gamma rays, and the size and weight of the radiation shielding body are very considerable. In order to adapt to the development of small reactors, multi-layer shielding structures composed of new materials or composite materials with better shielding performance have gradually become a research hotspot. However, the preparation and high-temperature radiation resistance of new materials or composite materials have yet to be verified, and the weight of the shielding body composed of them still accounts for a high proportion (>30%) in the reactor body system. In order to accelerate the deployment of small fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature reactors, it is urgent to design a shielding structure that can effectively reduce the weight of radiation shielding while ensuring the safety of radiation shielding.

[0003] In the prior art, the traditional shielding structure generally adopts a cylindrical shape. For reactors (such as space reactors) with special requirements (such as small and lightweight), special structures will also be adopted. There are two specific types: truncated cone or frustum shielding structure, and mobile shielding structure. For truncated cone or frustum shielding structure, it can also be called shadow shielding or shadow shielding. For example, there are documents "Preconceptual nuclear design of a 50kWth heat pipe cooled micro molten salt reactor", "Radiation shielding design of space reactor [D]. Chengdu University of Technology, 2015.", "Analysis of radiation characteristics of megawatt-class space reactor [J]. Journal of Harbin Engineering University, 2021, 42 (12): 7", "Mass optimization of the radiation shadow shield, for space nuclear power system [J]. Progress in Nuclear Energy, 2021, 131: 103607." The shielding structure disclosed in the.

[0004] The movable shielding structure generally covers a radial arc of a certain angle (such as 80 degrees) and can be moved to different positions as needed, such as the structure disclosed in the document "The Martian Surface Reactor: An Advanced Nuclear Power Station for Manned Extraterrestrial Exploration. 2011.".

[0005] The above two special structures are often used in space reactors or special-purpose reactors, which are beneficial to reducing the weight of the shield. However, the above two structures only consider the radiation dose in the reactor axial direction (such as a truncated cone) or a certain angle range in the reactor radial direction (such as a moving radiator).

[0006] In addition, the cylindrical structure used in traditional reactors and the truncated cone or mobile shield commonly used in space reactors are all integrated structures. If the size (radial or axial) of the integrated shield is too large, higher requirements are placed on the overall manufacturing technology of the shield (such as homogenization preparation process, rolling forming process, etc.), and the following problems may arise: if the high homogenization requirements are not met, the radiation shielding performance will be affected; if the whole piece rolling cannot be achieved, the preparation of the shield cannot be completed; if the shield is damaged due to improper operation during installation, the shielding performance of the shield will be affected, and if the shield is returned to the factory for repair or even a new shield is prepared, the construction period and construction cost of the reactor will be increased. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a shielding body structure and a reactor containing the same. The shielding body structure of the present invention can significantly reduce the mass of the shielding body while ensuring the radiation safety shielding effect, thereby meeting the requirements for lightweight nuclear reactor systems; and has the advantages of design flexibility and simple and compact structure, can fully realize modular assembly, and realizes the lightweight of the reactor body system.

[0008] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions.

[0009] A shielding structure comprising a type T shielding module, a type M shielding module and a type B shielding module;

[0010] The type T shielding module, the type M shielding module and the type B shielding module are all closed structures including a hollow area and a solid area;

[0011] The T-type shielding body module also includes a foot located on one side of the solid area;

[0012] The type M shield module also includes a groove located on one side of the solid area and a foot located on the other side of the solid area;

[0013] The type B shield module also includes a groove located in the solid area;

[0014] The type T shielding body module, the type M shielding body module and the type B shielding body module are connected adjacently through the grooves and the pads in sequence; the pads of the type T shielding body module coincide with the groove positions of the type M shielding body module, and the pads of the type M shielding body module coincide with the groove positions of the type B shielding body module;

[0015] The number of the type T shielding body modules, the type M shielding body modules and the type B shielding body modules is one or more respectively.

[0016] In the present invention, the hollow areas in the type T shielding module, the type M shielding module and the type B shielding module can each independently be a hollow regular body, such as a cylinder, a cuboid or a hexagonal prism; preferably, the hollow areas in the type T shielding module, the type M shielding module and the type B shielding module are all cylinders.

[0017] In the present invention, preferably, the equivalent diameters of the hollow areas in the type T shielding module, the type M shielding module or the type B shielding module are equal.

[0018] In the present invention, the equivalent diameter range of the hollow area in the type T shielding module, the type M shielding module or the type B shielding module can independently be 10 cm to 1000 cm, for example, 100 cm.

[0019] In the present invention, the cross-sections of the solid areas in the type T shielding module, the type M shielding module and the type B shielding module can each independently be a regular shape, such as a circular ring, a rectangle or a hexagon.

[0020] In the present invention, the radial dimension range of the solid area in the type T shielding module, the type M shielding module and the type B shielding module can independently be 1 cm to 1000 cm.

[0021] In the present invention, the heights of the type T, type M and type B shielding modules can each independently be 1 mm to 100 cm, preferably 1 cm to 50 cm, such as 10 cm.

[0022] In the present invention, the radial dimensions of the solid area in a single type T shielding body module may be equal or unequal along the axial direction; preferably, the radial dimensions of the solid area in a single type T shielding body module are equal along the axial direction, and the radial dimensions of the solid area in a single type T shielding body module preferably range from 1cm to 100cm, preferably from 5cm to 20cm, for example 5cm, 10cm, 15cm.

[0023] In the present invention, the radial dimensions of the solid area in a single type M shielding module may be equal or unequal along the axial direction;

[0024] Preferably, the radial dimension of the solid area in a single type M shielding module gradually changes from the center to both ends along the axial direction, and the center is the maximum radial dimension and the two ends are the minimum radial dimension; wherein the range of the minimum radial dimension is preferably 1cm-100cm, more preferably 7.5cm-17.5cm; the range of the maximum radial dimension is preferably 1cm-1000cm, more preferably 15cm-25cm;

[0025] Preferably, the radial dimensions of the entity area in a single type M shielding module are equal along the axial direction, and the radial dimensions of the entity area in a single type M shielding module are preferably in the range of 1 cm-100 cm, more preferably 5 cm-30 cm, for example 15 cm, 20 cm, 25 cm;

[0026] In the present invention, the radial dimensions of the solid area in a single type B shielding module may be equal or unequal along the axial direction; preferably, the radial dimensions of the solid area in a single type B shielding module are equal along the axial direction, and the radial dimensions of the solid area in a single type B shielding module preferably range from 1 cm to 100 cm, preferably from 5 cm to 20 cm, for example 5 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm.

[0027] In the present invention, preferably, the number of the type M shielding body modules is multiple, and the arrangement of the type M shielding body modules can be such that the radial dimension of the physical area of ​​a single type M shielding body module gradually changes axially from the center to both ends, and the center is the maximum radial dimension, and the two ends are the minimum radial dimensions. The range of the maximum radial dimension is preferably 1cm-1000cm, and more preferably 15cm-25cm; the range of the minimum radial dimension is preferably 1cm-100cm, and more preferably 7.5cm-17.5cm.

[0028] In the present invention, the shape of the groove can be conventional in the art, and can be regular or irregular. The regular shape is preferably a cylinder or a polygon, and the polygon is preferably a triangular prism, a cuboid or a hexagonal prism.

[0029] In the present invention, the equivalent diameter of the groove may range from 1 mm to 10 cm, preferably from 1 cm to 5 cm, such as 2 cm.

[0030] In the present invention, preferably, the height of the groove is equal to the height of the solid area of ​​the shielding body module where the groove is located.

[0031] In the present invention, the number of the grooves may be 2 to 36, preferably 3 to 12, such as 4.

[0032] In the present invention, preferably, the shape, equivalent diameter and height of the foot are respectively the same as those of the groove corresponding to the position thereof.

[0033] In the present invention, preferably, the feet or the grooves are distributed at equal intervals in the solid area.

[0034] In the present invention, the solid area may be filled with a shielding functional material; the shielding functional material may be a neutron shielding material and / or a gamma shielding material, preferably a composite shielding material of the neutron shielding material and the gamma shielding material. The neutron shielding material may be a material with a strong neutron absorption ability, preferably one or more of lithium and its compounds, boron and its compounds, gadolinium and its compounds, samarium and its compounds, europium and its compounds, cadmium and its compounds, such as B4C or Gd2O3. The nuclide of the gamma shielding material may be a nuclide with a higher mass number, preferably one or more of tungsten, lead, iron, bismuth, nickel and depleted uranium, such as tungsten alloy or depleted uranium. The composite shielding material may be a combination of the neutron material and the gamma shielding material.

[0035] In the present invention, the shielding object of the shielding structure may be a neutron field, a gamma field or a neutron-gamma mixed field.

[0036] In actual use, the shielding structure of the present invention can be placed outside the reactor core, that is, the reactor core is located in the hollow area of ​​the shielding structure of the present invention.

[0037] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the shielding structure comprises a type T shielding module, a type M shielding module and a type B shielding module; the type B shielding module is located at the bottom of the shielding structure, the type T shielding module is located at the top of the shielding structure, and the type M shielding module is located between the type B shielding module and the type T shielding module. The pads of the type T shielding module match the grooves of the type M shielding module; the pads of the type M shielding module match the grooves of the type B shielding module;

[0038] The number of the type T shielding body modules is 1, the number of the type M shielding body modules is 7, and the number of the type B shielding body modules is 1;

[0039] The radial dimensions of the entity area in a single type T shielding module are equal along the axial direction; the radial dimensions of the entity area in a single type B shielding module are equal along the axial direction; the radial dimensions of the entity area in a single type M shielding module are equal along the axial direction;

[0040] The arrangement of the type M shielding body modules is such that the radial dimension of the physical area of ​​a single type M shielding body module gradually changes from the center to both ends along the axial direction, with the center having the largest radial dimension and the two ends having the smallest radial dimension.

[0041] In the present invention, the specific value of the radial dimension of the type T shielding module, the type M shielding module or the type B shielding module can be determined according to the axial dose distribution curve of particles (such as neutrons or gamma) emitted from the core.

[0042] The present invention provides a reactor, which comprises the shield structure described above. Preferably, the reactor is a fluoride salt cooled high temperature reactor, a liquid fuel molten salt reactor, a heat pipe cooled reactor, a lead cooled fast reactor or a sodium cooled fast reactor.

[0043] On the basis of being in accordance with the common sense in the art, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0044] The positive and progressive effects of the present invention are:

[0045] 1) The shielding structure of the present invention adopts type T shielding module, type M shielding module and type B shielding module to be connected adjacently, so that its structure is more solid. Under the premise of ensuring the radiation shielding effect, the weight of the shielding body can be greatly reduced to meet the requirements of lightweight nuclear reactor system; and it has the advantages of design flexibility and simple and compact structure, and can fully realize modular assembly; the shielding structure of the present invention is suitable for various small or micro reactors.

[0046] 2) The shield structure of the present invention can be assembled modularly using three shield modules of different numbers according to the actual radiation shielding requirements in actual radiation shielding design, and can improve the homogenization requirements. Adjacent shield modules can be spliced ​​and fixed by grooves or feet, without other work such as welding, and the installation process is simple and convenient. If individual shield modules are damaged due to improper operation, they can be replaced with new spare shield modules without returning to the factory for repair, which can greatly shorten the construction and installation period of the reactor.

[0047] 3) The shielding structure of the present invention can be used for radiation shielding within a radial range of 360 degrees, and can also achieve the purpose of lightweighting the shielding body.

[0048] 4) The shielding structure of the present invention has a wide range of applications, and can be used as the overall shielding of a reactor (such as a small fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature reactor and other epithermal reactors or fast reactors), or as the shielding of reactor components, spent fuel storage tanks, spent fuel transport tanks, and special places such as medical or civil defense projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the shielding structure of Example 1 of the present invention (left: cross-sectional view; right: longitudinal cross-sectional view).

[0050] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a T-type shielding body module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention (top: cross-sectional view; bottom: longitudinal cross-sectional view).

[0051] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a type M shielding module according to Example 1 of the present invention (top: cross-sectional view; bottom: longitudinal section view).

[0052] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a type B shielding module according to Example 1 of the present invention (top: cross-sectional view; bottom: longitudinal cross-sectional view).

[0053] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the shielding structure of comparative example 1 of the present invention (left: cross-sectional view; right: longitudinal cross-sectional view).

[0054] Description of reference numerals:

[0055] 1. Hollow area, 2. Solid area, 3. Groove, 4. Foot, 21. Type T shielding module, 22. Type M shielding module, 23. Type B shielding module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The present invention is further described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples. The experimental methods in the following examples without specifying specific conditions are carried out according to conventional methods and conditions, or selected according to the product specifications.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, a shielding structure includes a type T shielding module 21, a type M shielding module 22 and a type B shielding module 23; the type T shielding module 21, the type M shielding module 22 and the type B shielding module 23 are all closed structures including a hollow area 1 and a solid area 2; Figure 2 As shown, the T-type shielding body module 21 also includes a foot 4 located on one side of the solid area 2; Figure 3 As shown, the type M shielding body module 22 also includes a groove 3 located on one side of the solid area 2 and a foot 4 located on the other side of the solid area 2; Figure 4 As shown, the type B shielding body module 23 also includes a groove 3 located in the entity area 2; the type T shielding body module 21, the type M shielding body module 22 and the type B shielding body module 23 are adjacently connected through the groove 3 and the foot 4 in sequence; the foot 4 of the type T shielding body module 21 coincides with the position of the groove 3 of the type M shielding body module 22, and the foot 4 of the type M shielding body module 22 coincides with the position of the groove 3 of the type B shielding body module 23;

[0059] The number of type T shielding body modules 21 is 1, the number of type M shielding body modules 22 is 7, and the number of type B shielding body modules 23 is 1;

[0060] The hollow area 1 in the type T shielding module 21, the type M shielding module 22 and the type B shielding module 23 is a cylinder; the cross section of the solid area 2 in the type T shielding module 21, the type M shielding module 22 and the type B shielding module 23 is a circular ring;

[0061] The diameters of the hollow areas 1 in the type T shielding module 21, the type M shielding module 22 and the type B shielding module 23 are equal, that is, 100 cm in diameter; and the height is 10 cm;

[0062] The material of the solid area 2 in the type T shielding module 21, the type M shielding module 22 and the type B shielding module 23 is tungsten alloy (density 19.9 g / cm 3 );

[0063] The groove 3 is provided at the radial center position of the type M shielding module 22;

[0064] The number of the feet in the T-type shielding module 21 is 4;

[0065] The number of the grooves 3 in the type M shielding module 22 is 4; the number of the feet 4 is 4;

[0066] The number of the feet in the type B shield module 23 is 4;

[0067] The radial dimensions of the solid areas 2 of the single type T shield module 21, the single type M shield module 22 and the single type B shield module 23 are equal along the axial direction;

[0068] The arrangement of the 7 type M shielding modules 22 is such that the radial dimension of the solid area 2 of a single type M shielding module 22 gradually changes from the center to both ends along the axial direction, and the radial dimension ranges from 7.5 cm to 15 cm; it means that the radial dimension of the smallest type M shielding module at both ends is 7.5 cm; the radial dimension of the largest type M shielding module in the center is 15 cm;

[0069] The radial dimension of the solid area 2 in the type T shield module 21 is 5 cm;

[0070] The radial dimension of the solid area 2 in the type M shield module 22 is 5 cm;

[0071] The groove 3 is a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 2 cm and a height of 10 cm. The foot 4 is a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 2 cm and a height of 10 cm.

[0072] The total mass of the shield structure is 5.88 tons.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] The overall structure of the shielding body is the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that the radial thickness of the solid region 2 is in the range of 10 cm to 20 cm.

[0075] The arrangement of the 7 type M shielding modules 22 is such that the radial dimension of the solid area 2 of a single type M shielding module 22 gradually changes from the center to both ends along the axial direction, and the radial dimension ranges from 12.5 cm to 20 cm; it means that the radial dimension of the smallest type M shielding module at both ends is 12.5 cm; the radial dimension of the largest type M shielding module in the center is 20 cm;

[0076] The radial dimension of the solid area 2 in the type T shield module 21 is 10 cm;

[0077] The radial dimension of the solid area 2 in the type M shield module 22 is 10 cm;

[0078] The total mass of the shield structure is 9.36 tons.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] The overall structure of the shielding body is the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that the radial thickness of the solid region 2 is in the range of 15 cm to 25 cm.

[0081] The arrangement of the 7 type M shielding modules 22 is such that the radial dimension of the solid area 2 of a single type M shielding module 22 gradually changes from the center to both ends along the axial direction, and the radial dimension ranges from 17.5 cm to 25 cm; it means that the radial dimension of the smallest type M shielding module at both ends is 17.5 cm; the radial dimension of the largest type M shielding module in the center is 25 cm;

[0082] The radial dimension of the solid area 2 in the type T shield module 21 is 15 cm;

[0083] The radial dimension of the solid area 2 in the type M shield module 22 is 15 cm;

[0084] The total mass of the shield structure is 13.13 tons.

[0085] Comparative Example 1

[0086] like Figure 5 As shown, a shield structure in a conventional reactor design is composed of a hollow area 1 and a solid area 2. The hollow area 1 is a cylinder with a diameter of 100 cm and a height of 90 cm. The solid area 2 is coaxial with the hollow area 1, has a thickness of 15 cm and a height of 90 cm. The material of the solid area 2 is the same as that of Example 1, with a density of 19.9 g / cm 3 of tungsten alloy.

[0087] The total mass of the shielding structure is 9.71 tons, which is about 65.16% heavier than that of Example 1.

[0088] Comparative Example 2

[0089] The shielding structure is the same as that of Comparative Example 1, except that the thickness of the solid area 2 is 20 cm.

[0090] The total mass of the shielding structure is 13.50 tons, which is about 44.24% heavier than that of Example 2.

[0091] Comparative Example 3

[0092] The shield structure is the same as that of Comparative Example 1, except that the thickness of the solid area 2 is 25 cm.

[0093] The total mass of the shielding structure is 17.58 tons, which is about 33.93% heavier than that of Example 3.

Claims

1. A shield structure for a reactor, characterized in that: It comprises a type T shielding module, a type M shielding module and a type B shielding module; the cross sections of the type T shielding module, the type M shielding module and the type B shielding module all include a solid area of ​​a closed annular structure, and the inner area of ​​the solid area is a hollow area; The T-type shielding body module also includes a foot located on one side of the solid area; The type M shield module also includes a groove located on one side of the solid area and a foot located on the other side of the solid area; The type B shield module also includes a groove located in the solid area; The type T shielding body module, the type M shielding body module and the type B shielding body module are connected adjacently through the grooves and the pads in sequence; the pads of the type T shielding body module coincide with the groove positions of the type M shielding body module, and the pads of the type M shielding body module coincide with the groove positions of the type B shielding body module; The number of the type T shielding body modules and the type B shielding body modules is one or more respectively; There are multiple type M shielding modules, and the type M shielding modules are arranged in such a way that the radial dimension of the solid area of ​​a single type M shielding module gradually changes from the center to both ends along the axial direction, with the center having the largest radial dimension and the two ends having the smallest radial dimension.

2. The shielding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow areas in the type T shielding module, the type M shielding module and the type B shielding module are each independently a hollow regular body; and / or, the equivalent diameters of the hollow areas in the type T shielding module, the type M shielding module or the type B shielding module are equal; And / or, the equivalent diameter range of the hollow area in the type T shielding module, the type M shielding module or the type B shielding module is independently 10 cm to 1000 cm.

3. The shielding structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hollow areas in the type T shielding module, the type M shielding module and the type B shielding module are each independently a cylinder, a cuboid or a hexagonal prism; And / or, the equivalent diameter range of the hollow area in the type T shielding module, the type M shielding module or the type B shielding module is independently 100 cm.

4. The shielding structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hollow areas in the type T shielding module, the type M shielding module and the type B shielding module are all cylindrical.

5. The shielding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the solid areas in the type T shield module, the type M shield module and the type B shield module are each independently regular in shape; And / or, the radial size range of the solid area in the type T shielding module, the type M shielding module and the type B shielding module is independently 1 cm to 1000 cm; And / or, the heights of the type T shielding module, the type M shielding module and the type B shielding module are independently 1 mm to 100 cm.

6. The shielding structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the solid areas in the type T shielding module, the type M shielding module and the type B shielding module are independently circular, rectangular or hexagonal; And / or, the heights of the type T shielding module, the type M shielding module and the type B shielding module are each independently 1 cm to 50 cm.

7. The shielding structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heights of the type T shielding module, the type M shielding module and the type B shielding module are each independently 10 cm.

8. The shielding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial dimensions of the solid areas in a single T-type shield module are equal or unequal along the axial direction; And / or, the radial dimensions of the solid areas in a single type M shielding module are equal or unequal along the axial direction; And / or, radial dimensions of the solid areas in a single type B shield module are equal or unequal along the axial direction.

9. The shielding structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The radial dimensions of the solid area in a single T-type shield module are equal along the axial direction.

10. The shielding structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The radial dimension of the solid area in a single type T shielding module ranges from 1 cm to 100 cm.

11. The shielding structure according to claim 10, characterized in that: The radial dimension of the solid area in a single type T shielding module ranges from 5 cm to 20 cm.

12. The shielding structure according to claim 11, characterized in that: The radial dimension of the solid area in a single type-T shield module is in the range of 5 cm, 10 cm or 15 cm.

13. The shielding structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The radial dimension of the solid area in a single type M shielding body module gradually changes from the center to the two ends along the axial direction, and the center has the largest radial dimension and the two ends have the smallest radial dimension.

14. The shielding structure according to claim 13, characterized in that: The minimum radial dimension ranges from 1 cm to 100 cm; the maximum radial dimension ranges from 1 cm to 1000 cm.

15. The shielding structure according to claim 14, characterized in that: The minimum radial dimension ranges from 7.5 cm to 17.5 cm; the maximum radial dimension ranges from 15 cm to 25 cm.

16. The shielding structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The radial dimensions of the solid areas in a single type M shielding module are equal along the axial direction.

17. The shielding structure according to claim 16, characterized in that: The radial dimension of the solid area in a single type M shielding module ranges from 1 cm to 100 cm.

18. The shielding structure according to claim 17, characterized in that: The radial dimension of the solid area in a single type M shield module ranges from 5 to 30 cm.

19. The shielding structure according to claim 18, characterized in that: The radial dimension of the solid area in a single type M shield module is in the range of 15 cm, 20 cm or 25 cm.

20. The shielding structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The radial dimensions of the solid areas in a single type B shield module are equal along the axial direction.

21. The shielding structure according to claim 20, characterized in that: The radial dimension of the solid area in a single type B shield module ranges from 1 cm to 100 cm.

22. The shielding structure according to claim 21, characterized in that: The radial dimension of the solid area in a single type B shield module ranges from 5 cm to 20 cm.

23. The shielding structure according to claim 22, characterized in that: The radial dimension of the solid area in a single type B shield module is in the range of 5 cm, 10 cm or 15 cm.

24. The shielding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum radial dimension of the solid area of ​​the type M shield module is in the range of 1 cm to 1000 cm.

25. The shielding structure according to claim 24, characterized in that: The maximum radial dimension of the solid area of ​​the type M shield module is in the range of 15 cm to 25 cm.

26. The shielding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum radial dimension of the solid area of ​​the type M shield module is in the range of 1 cm to 100 cm.

27. The shielding structure according to claim 26, characterized in that: The minimum radial dimension of the solid area of ​​the Type M shield module is in the range of 7.5 cm to 17.5 cm.

28. The shielding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the groove is regular or irregular; And / or, the equivalent diameter of the groove is in the range of 1 mm to 10 cm; And / or, the height of the groove is equal to the height of the solid area of ​​the shielding module where the groove is located; And / or, the number of the grooves is 2 to 36.

29. The shielding structure according to claim 28, characterized in that: The regular shape is a cylinder or a polygon; and / or, the equivalent diameter of the groove is in the range of 1 cm to 5 cm; And / or, the number of the grooves is 3 to 12.

30. The shielding structure according to claim 29, characterized in that: The polygon is a triangular prism, a cuboid or a hexagonal prism; and / or, the equivalent diameter of the groove is in the range of 2 cm; And / or, the number of the grooves is 4.

31. The shielding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape, equivalent diameter and height of the foot are respectively the same as those of the groove corresponding to the foot; And / or, the number of the feet is equal to the number of the grooves; And / or, the feet or the grooves are distributed at equal intervals in the solid area.

32. The shielding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid area is filled with shielding functional material; the shielding functional material is neutron shielding material and / or gamma shielding material.

33. The shielding structure according to claim 32, characterized in that: The shielding function material is a composite shielding material of the neutron shielding material and the gamma shielding material; And / or, the neutron shielding material is one or more of lithium and its compounds, boron and its compounds, gadolinium and its compounds, samarium and its compounds, europium and its compounds, cadmium and its compounds; And / or, the nuclides of the gamma shielding material are one or more of tungsten, lead, iron, bismuth, nickel and depleted uranium.

34. The shielding structure according to claim 33, characterized in that: The neutron shielding material is B4C or Gd2O3; And / or, the nuclide of the gamma shielding material is tungsten alloy or depleted uranium.

35. The shielding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shielding structure comprises a type T shielding module, a type M shielding module and a type B shielding module; the type B shielding module is located at the bottom of the shielding structure, the type T shielding module is located at the top of the shielding structure, and the type M shielding module is located between the type B shielding module and the type T shielding module; the pad of the type T shielding module matches the groove position of the type M shielding module; the pad of the type M shielding module matches the groove position of the type B shielding module; The number of the type T shielding body modules is 1, the number of the type M shielding body modules is 7, and the number of the type B shielding body modules is 1; The radial dimensions of the entity area in a single type T shielding module are equal along the axial direction; the radial dimensions of the entity area in a single type B shielding module are equal along the axial direction; the radial dimensions of the entity area in a single type M shielding module are equal along the axial direction; The arrangement of the type M shielding body modules is such that the radial dimension of the physical area of ​​a single type M shielding body module gradually changes from the center to both ends along the axial direction, with the center having the largest radial dimension and the two ends having the smallest radial dimension.

36. A reactor, characterized in that: It comprises the shielding structure as described in any one of claims 1-35.

37. The reactor according to claim 36, characterized in that The reactor is a fluoride salt cooled high temperature reactor, a liquid fuel molten salt reactor, a heat pipe cooled reactor, a lead cooled fast reactor or a sodium cooled fast reactor.

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