Pipette tip rack system

Abstract

A pipette tip rack system includes a thermoformed flip-top tip container and a dispenser for the flip-top tip container. The tip dispenser includes a base for holding the flip-top container, a lid, and a lifting mechanism for lifting the lid and the cap of the tip container when a latch on the base is released. The tip dispenser is configured to facilitate one-touch operation so that a laboratory worker can hold a pipette with the other hand while using the dispenser and conveniently open and close the dispenser lid to reduce the risk of contamination. The dispenser can also be used without a thermoformed tip container.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a pipette tip holder, and more particularly to an environmentally friendly, disposable tip container for use with a dispenser to store the container and tips on a laboratory bench. Both the dispenser and the tip container are specifically configured to enable convenient, one-touch operation. Once the dispenser is loaded with pipette tips, the user can use the dispenser even when both hands are occupied, without the threat of contamination. Background Art

[0002] Pipette tip racks are used to organize disposable pipette tips in a manner that facilitates their attachment to pipettes. The rack typically includes a tip spacer or plastic insert with an array of holes, such as an 8×12 array, through which the pipette tips are suspended, with the tip collars exposed upward. Conventional racks consist of a substantially rigid box that suspends the tip spacer at a height sufficient to allow the pipette tips to pass through the holes and hang by their collars. The rigidity of the box, and particularly the rigidity of the bottom reservoir, is important for facilitating secure attachment of the pipette tips to the pipette's mounting shaft or fitting. Rigidity is particularly important when attaching multiple pipette tips to fittings on multichannel pipettes. The tip rack box also features a lid, which is typically light-transmissive. The lid is typically removed using two hands, although some lids are designed to be easily opened and closed with one hand. It is common practice to replace the lid after installing a few pipette tips to cover the remaining tips in the rack and reduce the risk of contamination.

[0003] Using rigid tip racks can lead to a large amount of plastic waste in the laboratory. To reduce waste, recyclable thermoformed flip-top tip containers have been developed and are used by some laboratories. These thermoformed flip-top tip containers include a lower tip reservoir and a lid connected by a rear hinge, as well as a tip partition or insert that spans over the well in the lower tip reservoir. The tip partition is similar to the tip partition used in conventional tip racks and is typically made of injection-molded plastic. The pipette tip array is held in a hole through the tip partition. A locking tab at the front of the flip-top container allows the hinged lid to be locked in the closed position with an interference fit and, for example, prevents the tips from being poured out even if the container falls. One commercially available product uses a flip-top container made of recyclable PETE (polyethylene terephthalate).

[0004] Used tip racks can take up a lot of space in a laboratory and represent a significant amount of plastic waste. Known flip-top tip holders, on the other hand, can nest within one another and are lightweight, making used containers easier to store and dispose of. Thermoformed flip-top tip holders are also much cheaper to manufacture and ship than conventional tip holders. Even though thermoformed flip-top tip holders are designed with ridges for added structural support, they can sometimes be awkward to use in the laboratory because they are generally not as stable as conventional tip holders. Often, laboratory workers will need to use their offhand hand to hold a thermoformed flip-top tip holder when installing pipette tips. To achieve a heavier feel, more like a conventional tip holder, and improve stability, it is known to use reusable bases for thermoformed flip-top tip holders. One commercially available base includes a well defined by a base plate and lateral, rear, and front sidewalls for holding the thermoformed tip holder. The tip holder sits on the base plate, and the front wall of the holder is cut away to provide user access to a hinged locking tab on the front of the flip-top holder. Laboratory workers typically close the lid and lock the tab between uses, however, this can become somewhat inconvenient, particularly when the laboratory worker is trying to hold the pipette with one hand while separately and repeatedly opening and closing the flip-top locking tab with the other hand.

[0005] Another problem is that this commercially available base for thermoformed tip containers cannot be used to store and dispense pipette tips that are held solely in a tip septum (i.e., without a thermoformed flip-top tip container). For example, refill tips that are held in a tip septum but packaged in a cardboard package for sale are intended to be loaded into a conventional tip rack that has been previously used. The commercially available base described above does not provide independent support for the tip septum via its sidewalls because the tip container sits on the base's floor, with the rim of the flip-top tip container positioned above and not touching the upper edge of the base's sidewalls. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention generally relates to a thermoformed flip-top tip container and a tip dispenser for holding and supporting the flip-top tip container on a laboratory workbench. The tip dispenser includes a solid base for holding the thermoformed flip-top tip container and a hinged lid. When a latch on the dispenser base is released, for example by pressing a button on the front of the base, a lifting mechanism lifts the lid of the thermoformed tip container and the lid of the dispenser. Both the tip dispenser and the flip-top tip container are configured to facilitate a single-touch operation for opening and closing the lid of the dispenser and the lid of the flip-top tip container. The latch on the dispenser is desirably releaseable using the back of the hand, knuckles, or elbow, for example, when a laboratory worker's hands are busy. This single-touch operation allows for convenient access to pipette tips and also facilitates covering the remaining tips after one or more tips have been installed on a handheld pipette.

[0007] In one aspect, the present invention is directed to a pipette tip rack system comprising a combination of a thermoformed flip-top tip container and a covered tip dispenser holder. The flip-top tip container is preferably made of a recyclable, transparent or tinted light-transmissive thermoformed plastic (such as PET). It includes a lower tip reservoir and a hinged lid, similar to a typical thermoformed flip-top package. The tip reservoir has a bottom wall, lateral sidewalls, a front sidewall, and a back sidewall, which define wells for holding and storing pipette tips. The tip container also includes a tip separator that spans above the wells. The tip separator, sometimes referred to as a rack insert, is preferably made of injection-molded plastic and is supported along the edge of the upper edge of the sidewalls surrounding the wells in the thermoformed tip container. The tip separator is configured to hold an array of pipette tips substantially vertically, with the collars of the respective pipette tips facing upward to facilitate mounting the pipette tips on a pipette accessory. As is known in the art, the tip spacer includes an array of holes for holding pipette tips, with the centerlines of the corresponding holes spaced apart at 4.5 mm intervals for an array of 384 tips or 9 mm intervals for an array of 96 tips. The tip spacer is preferably made of a color that represents the accessory configuration to which the pipette tips held in the tip spacer will be adapted. If desired by the laboratory worker, the walls of the thermoformed tip container include reinforcing ridges to enable the tips to be attached to pipette accessories without using a tip dispenser. However, when a tip dispenser is not used, the laboratory worker may need to hold the thermoformed container with one hand to stabilize the container while using the other hand to hold the pipette and install one or more tips.

[0008] As mentioned, the tip dispenser facilitates reliable, one-touch operation by securely securing the thermoformed tip container and tip spacer within the base. The base can be weighted to provide additional stability. Additionally, a damping mechanism can be used to slow the speed at which the dispenser's lid opens. Before use, a flip-top tip container loaded with pipette tips is placed in the base, and the locking tabs on the lid of the thermoformed flip-top container are released to allow the lid to open. In one embodiment, the front wall of the lid has one or more locking pins that engage with the backsides of one or more locking pins on the locking tabs to secure the locking tabs against the front wall of the flip-top lid. Securing the locking tabs against the lid retracts them out of the way of the dispenser's latch. Alternatively, the locking tabs can be manually retracted between the front wall of the flip-top lid and the front wall of the dispenser's lid by tucking them under the dispenser's lid when loading the tip container. The lid of the tip dispenser is then closed and latched shut. Preferably, the seal of distributor is made of transparent material, and as mentioned above, flip-top tip container is made of transparent material, so that the user can see pipette tip and tip diaphragm when covering seal.When laboratory staff needs to take pipette tip, preferably by pressing the button in front of distributor base to release latch and lifting mechanism automatically lifts distributor seal and simultaneously lifts the lid of flip-top tip container to expose the pipette tip held in the tip diaphragm.Then laboratory staff installs one or more pipette tips on the pipette and covers distributor seal and flip-top cover to reduce contamination risk.As mentioned, laboratory staff can open and cover distributor seal conveniently even when both hands are busy.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the lifting mechanism includes at least one lifting arm pivotally connected to the base of the tip dispenser along the upper edge of a sidewall on the base. Preferably, there are two lifting arms, one located along the edge of each lateral sidewall. Each lifting arm is spring-biased so that the corresponding lifting arm lifts the dispenser cover, i.e., rotates the hinged cover upward and backward. As mentioned, the lifting arm simultaneously lifts the lid of the flip-top tip container while lifting the dispenser cover. Once the locking tab on the flip-top tip container is released, friction or interference between the lid of the flip-top tip container or the retracted locking tab and the dispenser cover is typically sufficient to retain the flip-top cover within the dispenser cover during lifting. However, to facilitate simultaneous lifting of the flip-top tip container cover, the flip-top tip container includes cantilevered wings extending outward from the edge of the lower edge of the corresponding lateral sidewall of the cover. If the dispenser includes two lifting arms, it is preferred that the flip-top tip container have a cantilevered wing on each side of the container lid. Each cantilevered wing extends further outward than the corresponding portion of the edge along the upper edge of the bottom reservoir. This enables the corresponding lifting arm on the tip dispenser to directly push upward against the corresponding cantilevered wing to lift the cantilevered wing upward, thereby opening the flip-top tip container lid without lifting the bottom reservoir of the flip-top tip container. The corresponding lifting arm also preferably has a lug that pushes upward on the dispenser lid to lift the lid. In this way, the lid of the flip-top tip container and the lid of the dispenser are lifted simultaneously.

[0010] The rim on the bottom reservoir and the rim on the lid do not have an interference fit, so the lid can open freely when the locking tab is released. To ensure that the bottom reservoir does not lift and remains otherwise stable in the base of the dispenser, one or more of the walls of the thermoformed reservoir can optionally include a molded protrusion extending outward from the normal plane of the wall. If the optional protrusion is used, the inner surface of the corresponding wall on the base of the tip dispenser should have a locking pin or opening to receive the molded protrusion when the flip-top tip container is fully positioned in the dispenser.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the downward side of the lift arm includes an angled section to guide the lift arm laterally around the wings on the flip-top tip container as the lift arm rotates downward as the dispenser lid is closed. Each lift arm is pivotally mounted to the dispenser; however, the bearing hole of the pivot pin is enlarged to allow the lift arm to move laterally away from its normal pivot plane. Accordingly, when the dispenser lid is closed, the lid pushes on the lift arm, causing it to rotate downward, causing the angled section to ride against the overhanging wings. As the lift arm rotates over the overhanging wings, it is then guided around the corresponding overhanging wing. Once the lift arm has passed the corresponding wing and the dispenser lid is closed against the edge of the dispenser base, the centering angle helps center the lift arm below the corresponding overhanging wing. Other suitable methods for returning the lift arm below the overhanging wing may also be employed.

[0012] In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the thermoformed flip-top tip container sits on the dispenser's floor, along with the bottom of the reservoir, so that vertical support for the tip partition is generally provided by the walls of the thermoformed container. This configuration allows the lift arms on the dispenser to have more clearance below the corresponding overhanging wings on the thermoformed container, promoting reliable operation. The walls of the dispenser base desirably have support struts on the inside to provide lateral support to the sidewalls of the lower reservoir of the thermoformed clamshell.

[0013] Another aspect of the flip-top container addresses the need for a reliable locking mechanism. The rim of the reservoir and the rim of the lid do not have the interference fit common with other thermoformed containers, as dispensers require repeated opening and closing of the lid. Accordingly, a hinged locking tab is used to latch the lid onto the front wall of the lower reservoir of the flip-top container. In one embodiment of the present invention, the flip-top container utilizes a particularly reliable latching mechanism. The latching mechanism comprises a molded catch latch on the front sidewall of the lower reservoir. The catch latch has a base wall and sidewalls extending outward from the base wall. Each sidewall has a proximal portion adjacent to the base wall and a distal portion. The distance between the respective distal portions is less than the distance between the respective proximal portions, creating interference and enabling snap operation. The hinged locking tab is positioned along the lower edge of the front wall of the lid. The locking tab has a molded engagement protrusion that engages with a molded catch latch on the front wall of the lower reservoir to releasably secure the lid. The molded engagement protrusion includes a pair of latching bosses, each extending laterally from one side of the engagement protrusion. The distance between the corresponding distal portions of the catch latch's sidewalls is less than the full span between the latching bosses; however, when the locking tab is in the closed position, the latching bosses reside between the corresponding proximal portions of the catch latch's sidewalls. When the locking tab is pushed closed, the engagement protrusion and the laterally extending latching bosses on the locking tab press through the opening between the distal portions of the catch latch on the lower reservoir. On the other hand, when the locking tab is closed, the distal portion of the catch latch holds the engagement protrusion, the laterally extending latching bosses, and the entire locking tab in place. The presence of latching interference along the sidewalls of the catch latch and the engagement protrusions of the locking tab ensures robust latching operation, even in the presence of vertical misalignment due to imperfections in the thermoformed hinge or other operational defects. To unlock the locking mechanism, the locking tab is pulled to pull the engaging projection and corresponding latch boss past the distal portion of the catch latch. Desirably, the proximal wall is configured to provide space for movement of the locking tab when the locking tab is in the closed position. This makes it easier for the user to grasp the locking tab in order to pull it to unlock the latch.

[0014] Another desirable feature is to configure both the tip container and the dispenser so that the pipette tip collar is at a higher level than the upper edge of the dispenser base and the upper edge of the flip-top reservoir. This enables lab workers to install tips using multichannel pipettes where some of the channels overhang the rim of the base.

[0015] After one or more tips have been installed in the pipette, when the laboratory worker is transferring reagents or samples, the pipette tip holder system as described above enables the laboratory worker to repeatedly access and cover the pipette tips in the dispenser. As mentioned, the system is primarily configured to facilitate reliable single-touch operation, allowing the laboratory worker to keep the pipette in hand throughout the tip installation process. As mentioned, the laboratory worker can even operate the dispenser when both hands are otherwise occupied, for example, using the back of the hand to activate the cap release and cover the dispenser cap.

[0016] In another aspect, the present invention relates to a thermoformed flip-top pipette tip container as described above, for example, a flip-top container as described having a cantilevered wing on the edge of the lid or a locking pin on the front of the lid for retaining the locking tab in the open position.

[0017] In yet another aspect of the present invention, the tip dispenser can also be used to store and dispense pipette tips that are held solely in a tip septum (i.e., without a thermoformed flip-top tip container). In this aspect of the invention, the tip septum rests directly on the edge of the dispenser base. For example, refilled tips that are stored in a tip septum but packaged in cardboard packaging for sale can be loaded into the tip dispenser described above rather than into a conventional tip rack. Similarly, loose pipette tips can be loaded into the used tip septum in the dispenser.

[0018] Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the drawings and the following description thereof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a flip-top tip container constructed in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, wherein the lid of the flip-top tip container is in an open position.

[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 Detailed view of a portion of the lid of the flip-top tip container is shown.

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 1 Detailed view of a portion of the lower tip reservoir of the flip-top tip container is shown.

[0022] Figure 4 It is along Figure 1 A cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 in FIG.

[0023] Figure 5 It is along Figure 1 A cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 in FIG.

[0024] Figure 6 The tip spacer loaded with the pipette tip array is assembled into Figure 1 Assembly view of the flip-top tip container shown in .

[0025] Figure 7 Shown with the tip spacer inserted and loaded with pipette tips Figure 1 and Figure 6 Flip-top pipette tip container.

[0026] Figure 8 is with the locking tab open but hanging in an intermediate position Figures 1 to 7 A perspective view of a flip-top tip container.

[0027] 9 is a view of a flip-top tip container similar to FIG. 8 , wherein the locking tabs frictionally engage with one or more locking pins on the front wall of the lower reservoir to latch the flip-top tip container closed.

[0028] 10 is a view of a flip-top tip container similar to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 , wherein the back side of the locking tab is frictionally engaged with one or more locking pins on the front wall of the lid to stow the locking tab in an upward position.

[0029] Figure 11A It is a cross-sectional view taken along line 11A-11A in FIG. 8 .

[0030] Figure 11B It is a cross-sectional view taken along line 11B-11B in FIG. 9 .

[0031] Figure 11C It is a cross-sectional view taken along line 11C-11C in FIG. 10 .

[0032] Figure 12A and Figure 12B A flip-top tip container constructed according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0033] FIG. 12C shows the Figure 12A Detailed view of the area circled by arrows 12C-12C in FIG. 1 and illustrating the features of the locking tab.

[0034] FIG. 12D shows the Figure 12B Detailed view of the area circled by arrows 12D-12D in FIG, and showing the locking tab and catch latch features on the lower reservoir of the container.

[0035] Figure 12E is a detailed bottom view of the locking tab in the closed position as shown in Figure 12C. Figure 12E shows the engagement protrusion on the locking tab engaged within the catch latch on the front wall of the lower reservoir.

[0036] Figure 13is an assembly view of a tip dispenser constructed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 14 A perspective view of the tip dispenser is shown in the capped position.

[0038] Figure 15 Shown in open position Figure 13 and Figure 14 A perspective view of the tip dispenser is shown in FIG.

[0039] Figure 16 Shown Figure 7 to Figure 1 0 flip-top tip container with the locking tab retracted to load Figure 14 Open the tip dispenser in the upward position.

[0040] FIG. 17 shows the flip-top tip container being initially placed in the tip dispenser.

[0041] FIG. 18 shows the flip-top tip container being pushed downward to be fully loaded into the tip dispenser.

[0042] FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 19 - 19 in FIG. 17 .

[0043] FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 20 - 20 in FIG. 18 .

[0044] Figure 21 The cover of the tip dispenser is shown closed, with the flip-top tip container loaded in the dispenser as shown in Figures 18 and 20.

[0045] Figure 22 The lifting mechanism on the dispenser is shown lifting both the lid on the flip-top tip container and the closure on the dispenser when the front latch is released.

[0046] FIG. 23 is a detailed view of the area circled in FIG. 18 .

[0047] Figure 24 is Figure 21 Detailed view of the circled area in the figure with the parts exploded.

[0048] Figure 25 yes Figure 22 Detailed view of the circled area in .

[0049] 26 is a detailed view of one of the lift arms used in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] 27 is a front elevational view of the lift arm shown in FIG. 26 .

[0051] Figure 28is a side elevation view of the tip dispenser when the dispenser cover is in the closed position, with parts exploded to show the lift arm and spring.

[0052] Figure 29 is a side elevation view of the tip dispenser with the dispenser cover in the open position, with parts exploded to show the lift arm and spring.

[0053] 30A to 30D is a series of cross-sectional views illustrating a lift arm on the dispenser guiding a cantilevered wing on a flip-top tip container when the dispenser's lid is closed, and lifting the dispenser's lid and the flip-top tip container's cap as the lift arm is rotating into an open position.

[0054] Figure 31 is a rear perspective view of another embodiment of a pipette tip dispenser, wherein the damping piston mechanism is on the rear wall of the dispenser.

[0055] Figure 32 It passes through Figure 31 A cross-sectional view of the tip dispenser shown in FIG, wherein the flip-top container is also inside.

[0056] Figure 33 yes Figure 31 Exploded view of the tip dispenser shown in .

[0057] Figure 34 is Figure 32 Detailed view of the cross section outlined by line 34-34 in FIG. The cover of the tip dispenser is Figure 34 The middle is covered.

[0058] Figure 35 is similar to Figure 34 , showing the cover of the tip dispenser when the tip dispenser is being opened.

[0059] Figure 36 Similar to Figure 34 and Figure 35 , showing the cover of the tip dispenser in the fully open position.

[0060] Figure 37 Shown is a tip separator loaded with pipette tips to be loaded into an open tip dispenser without a flip-top tip container. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] Figure 1A thermoformed flip-top tip container 10 constructed in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown. The tip container 10 includes a lower reservoir 12 and an upper lid 14 connected together by a hinge 22. The lower reservoir 12 includes a front wall 24, a rear wall 26, lateral side walls 28, 30, and a bottom wall 32. The bottom wall 32, lateral side walls 28, 30, and the front and rear walls 24, 26 define a well 34 for storing pipette tips. The bottom wall 32 has a raised flat rectangular portion 33 surrounded by an outer portion 35, which supports the container 10 when it is seated on a flat surface. The raised or recessed flat portion 33 fits over a raised rectangular portion 37 of the lid ( FIG. 2 ) to facilitate stable multi-container stacking. The lateral side walls 28 and 30, as well as the front and rear walls 24, 26, include reinforcing ribs. The lid 14 on the flip-top tip container 10 includes a top wall 36, lateral side walls 38, 40, 42, and a front wall 44. The lid 14 also includes a locking tab 20. Figure 1 The components in the container (i.e., the reservoir 12, the lid 14, the hinge 22 between the reservoir 12 and the lid 14, and the locking tab 20) are made of a thermoformed plastic such as PET. Figure 1 For the container 10 shown in FIG, a suitable gauge for the starting sheet or film is 0.025 inches. For taller containers configured to store longer pipette tips, a thicker gauge may be desired to account for increased stretching during the forming process.

[0062] The optional support ridge 46 extends substantially around the top of the walls 24, 26, 28, and 30 of the tip reservoir 12, except across the middle portion of the front wall 24. As discussed in more detail below, the support ridge 46 supports the tip spacer. The rim along the middle portion of the front wall 24 includes a recess corresponding to the back side of the locking tab 54 extending downwardly from the rim.

[0063] The locking tab 20 on the cover 14 is best shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 also shows the portion of the front wall 44 of the cover 14 that interacts with the back side 50 of the locking tab 20 to retain the locking tab in the upward position. Figure 12A and Figure 12B Another embodiment of a flip-top container 310 constructed in accordance with the present invention that does not include this feature is shown. FIG. 3 shows a portion of the front wall 24 of the lower reservoir 12 that mates with the front side 48 ( Figure 1 ) interact to lock the flip-top tip container 10 in the closed position. Figure 1 as well as Figure 4 and Figure 5, the locking tab 20 includes a front side 48 for locking the lid 14 to the reservoir 12 and a back side 50 that snaps onto the front side of the lid 14 to hold the locking tab 20 upward and out of the way. The term "locking pin" is used herein to refer to a recess in or a protrusion from the thermoformed tip container 10. As will be apparent to one skilled in the art, a protrusion from a thermoformed surface will create a corresponding recess in the back side of the surface. A hinge 56 connects the locking tab 20 to the lower front edge of the lid 14. The locking tab 20 includes two locking pins 52 on its front side 48 that interact with protrusions 54 extending downward from the upper edge of the reservoir 12. Locking pins 58 extending from the front wall 44 of the lid 14 interact with recesses 68 on the back side 50 of the locking tab 20 between the locking pins 52 to hold the locking tab 20 against the front wall 44 of the lid 14. The following text on Figures 8 to Figures 11A-11C Further details are described of how the locking tab 20 locks the tip container 10 to the lid and how the locking tab 20 is held upward against the front wall 44 of the lid 14 .

[0064] Now refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7, the tip separator 16 is shown loaded with pipette tips 18. As mentioned, the tip separator 16 is desirably made of injection molded plastic (such as polypropylene) and is inserted into the reservoir 12 of the flip-top tip container 10. In the embodiment shown in the figures, the tip separator 16 includes an 8×12 well array for holding 96 pipette tips 18. As required by the SBS format, the wells are desirably spaced 9 mm apart from each other. In other embodiments, more or fewer pipette tips 18 can be held at the same or different spacings. For example, 384 pipette tips can be held in a 16×24 well array spaced 4.5 mm apart. The peripheral portion surrounding the array of wells on the tip separator 16 includes a brim 60 and a downwardly extending skirt 62. The brim 60 depends from the skirt 62. When the tip divider 16 is inserted into the reservoir 12, the skirt 62 aligns with the opening in the reservoir 12, and the brim 60 rests on the support ridge 46 that extends around the upper edge of the reservoir 12, except in the area of ​​the latch on the front wall 24 of the lower reservoir 12, as previously indicated. A front support sleeve 63 extends downward from the divider skirt 62 in the area of ​​the latch on the front wall 24 of the lower reservoir 12. A similar support sleeve, not shown in the figures, extends downward from the rear of the divider skirt 62. The front wall 24 of the lower reservoir 12 includes a clearance detent 55 into which the front support sleeve 63 seats when the tip divider 16 is in place. A similar clearance detent 57 for the rear support sleeve is present on the rear wall 26 of the lower reservoir. Each gap lock pin 55, 57 has a reinforcement foot 59, 61 in the corresponding front wall 24 and rear wall 26 to support the support sleeve on the tip partition 16 to prevent center collapse during tip loading. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As can be seen in FIG, the support ridge 46 and the brim 60 are at a higher level than any other portion of the reservoir 12. This allows laboratory personnel using multi-channel pipettes to easily access the tips 18 even if some of the channels on the pipette are overhanging. Figure 6 and Figure 7 The exemplary tip separator 16 also includes securing fingers 64 that snap into locking pins 66 on the rim of the reservoir 12 to help hold the tip separator 16 in place. Figure 6 The fastening fingers 64 are shown on one lateral side of the tip separator 16, but it should be understood that similar fastening fingers are located on the other lateral side of the tip separator 16. Similarly, Figure 6 The locking pin 66 is shown on the inside surface of the rim along one lateral side of the reservoir 12, but it is understood that a similar locking pin is located on the other lateral side.

[0065] Figure 7The flip-top tip container 10 is shown opened so that the pipette tips 18 are accessible. The laboratory worker can choose to open the lid 14 and Figure 7 The pipette tip 18 is taken without using a dispenser, although according to the invention, a dispenser with Figures 13 to 36 Dispensers 110 that are the same as or similar to the dispensers 110 described in are preferred.

[0066] FIG8 shows the flip-top tip container 10 being covered with the locking tab 20 released but in an intermediate position. In FIG9 , the locking tab 20 is pressed downward to lock the lid 14 to the reservoir 12. In FIG10 , the locking tab 20 has been released and is also pushed upward to be held against the front wall 44 of the lid 14. Figures 11A to 11C The cross-sectional diagrams in explain these interactions in more detail. Figure 11A 8 and shows the locking tab 20 extended in a released but intermediate position. As mentioned, the hinge 56 connects the locking tab 20 to the cover 14. The front side of the locking tab 48 (which is Figure 11A The tip container 10 is capped with a protrusion 52 (ie, downward in the center) that forms an interference fit with a protrusion 54 on the reservoir 12 to close the tip container 10. Figure 11B 8 and 9. The locking tab 20 is shown in the closed position. Note that the projections 52 and 54 form an interference fit to keep the container 10 locked closed. To unlock the container 10, the user lifts the locking tab 20 and first rotates it upward as shown in FIG8 and 9. Figure 11A 10 and 11. The intermediate position shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 is then brought into position, and then if desired, the locking tab 20 is held upwardly against the front wall 44 of the cover 14. Figure 11C In the position shown in FIG. 10, Figure 11C 2 , the back side 50 of the locking tab 20 includes a recess 68 between the locations of the protrusions 52 on the front side 48 of the locking tab 20. As previously mentioned, the front wall 44 of the cover 14 includes the protrusions 58. When the locking tab 20 is rotated upward and pushed against the front wall 44 of the cover 14, the locking pin 68 frictionally fits over the protrusions 58 on the front wall 44 of the cover 14 and holds the tab 20 against the front cover 14. FIG. 10 and FIG. Figure 11C The position shown in is useful when loading the tip container into a tip dispenser because it conveniently keeps the locking tab 20 tucked away and out of the way when the thermoform tip container 10 is loaded into the tip dispenser.

[0067] Figure 12A and Figure 12B FIG. 3 shows a thermoformed flip-top pipette tip container 310 constructed in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figures 1 to 11A - Figure 11C , except that the flip-top tip container 310 does not include the locking pin 58 on the container lid 14A or the recess 68 on the back side of the locking tab 20A configured to latch over the locking pin. Figure 12A and Figure 12B Many features of the thermoformed flip-lid container 10A shown in FIG. 3 (such as the overhanging wings 74A on the lid 14A of the container 310) are similar to those of the thermoformed flip-lid container 10A shown in FIG. Figures 1 to 11A - Figure 11C The same as described in the flip-top container 10 described in the description. When using Figure 12A and Figure 12B When the container 310 is Figure 12A The locking tab 20A is released from the middle position to release the lid 14A from the lower reservoir 12A, and then when the tip container 310 is loaded into the dispenser 110, the locking tab 12A is preferably held against the front face 58A of the lid 14A to return it to the original position. Figure 12B 10 so that the locking tab 20A is tucked away and out of the way when the dispenser 110 is in use. Although generally not preferred, it is also possible to position the dispenser 110 such that the locking tab 20A is released, hanging downward and not folded to the side. Figure 12B12C to 12E , the locking tab 20A includes an engagement protrusion 320 that extends longitudinally parallel to a hinge 322 that attaches the locking tab 20A to the front edge of the lid 14A. The hinge 322 is preferably perforated so that the hinge axis of the locking tab 20A is well defined, which in turn helps the locking tab 20A securely latch into a catch latch 324 on the front wall of the lower reservoir 12A. The catch latch 324 is elongated and generally sized so that the engagement protrusion 320 catches within the latch 324 when the locking tab 20A is pressed downward, as shown in FIG12C . FIG12E shows the locking tab 20A in the lid-on position, as viewed from below the latch shown in FIG12C . Referring now to Figures 12D and 12E , the catch latch 324 is defined by a base wall 326 and two side transverse walls 328. Each transverse side wall 328 includes a proximal portion 330 adjacent to the base wall 326 and a distal portion 332. The distance between the respective proximal portions 330 is greater than the distance between the respective distal portions 332. Latch bosses 334 extend laterally from each side of the engagement protrusion 320 on the locking tab 20A. The full span between the latch bosses 334 on the engagement protrusion 320 on the locking tab 20A is greater than the distance between the distal portions 332 of the side walls 328 of the catch latch 320 on the lower reservoir 12A. When the locking tab 20A is pressed downward into the closed position, the latch bosses 334 are pressed through the opening between the distal portions 332 of the side walls of the catch latch 320. The distance between the proximal portions 330 of the sidewalls of the catch latch 320 is the same as or slightly greater than the full span between the latch bosses 334, as shown, for example, in FIG12E . The interference between the latch bosses 330, which extend laterally from the engagement protrusions 320 on the locking tab 20A, and the distal portions 332 of the sidewalls of the catch latch 320 on the lower reservoir, keeps the lid 14A closed unless the locking tab 12A is pulled with sufficient force to cause the latch bosses 330 to clear the distal portions 332 of the sidewalls of the catch latch 320. Note that the length of the proximal sidewall portions 330 is desirably sufficient to provide space for the engagement protrusions 320 to move slightly within the catch latch 324 when the locking tab 20A is closed. This clearance makes it easier for the user to grasp the locking tab 20A when unlatching is desired. The described latch mechanism is particularly robust and well-suited for repeated opening and closing. If necessary, the vertical height of the side wall 328 (as compared to the depth of the side wall 328) may be modified to account for inconsistent vertical displacement of the locking tab 12A via the hinge 322 when the cover is closed.

[0068] Figures 13 to 30A -30D shows a tip dispenser 110 constructed in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 14and Figure 15 , the tip dispenser 110 includes a base 112 and a cover 114. The front wall of the cover 114 includes a latch tab 116 that is received in a releasable latch 118 on the base 112 to latch the cover 114 to the base 112. Preferably, the latch 118 includes a depressible button 120 on the front wall of the dispenser base 112 that releases the latch when depressed. As shown in Figure 15 As shown in FIG, the dispenser 110 also includes a first lifting mechanism 122 and a second lifting mechanism 124 that automatically lift the closure 114 when the latch 118 is released.

[0069] exist Figure 13 The components of the tip dispenser 110 are best shown in the assembled view of FIG. The dispenser 110 includes a main frame 126, for example, made of injection-molded plastic (such as polycarbonate). A counterweight plate 128 is attached to the bottom of the main frame 126, for example, using screws that snap onto threaded fittings molded into the bottom of the main frame 126. The counterweight plate 128 is preferably made of anodized aluminum, but other materials may also be used. Rubber feet may also be attached to the bottom of the counterweight plate 128. Although the counterweight plate 128 is optional, it provides laboratory workers with additional stability and confidence that the dispenser will remain in place without the need for the user's hand to hold it. As an alternative to the counterweight plate 128, a counterweight plate or other weight can be attached to the top of a base plate made of plastic, for example to make manufacturing easier or less expensive.

[0070] A molded rim member 130 is also attached to the main frame 126. The rim member 130 is also desirably made of an injection molded plastic such as polycarbonate or acetal. The main frame 126 of the base 112 includes a bottom wall or floor 132, lateral side walls 134, 136, a rear wall 138, and a front wall 140. The inside surface of the floor 132 and the walls 134, 136, 138, and 140 form a basin. Figures 1 to 11A - Figure 11C The flip-top pipette tip container 10 described in Figure 12A and Figure 12BThe flip-top container 310 described in

[15] can be placed in the basin. The upper rim member 130 includes a latch spring tongue 142 that cooperates with the button 120 to secure the latch tab 116 to the lid. The button 120 snaps into place on the rim member 130 via a molded pin. The pivot axis of the button 120 is located at a height above the base of the spring tongue 142. When the button 120 snaps into place, the spring tongue 142 biases the button 120 into its upper lid position, causing the top of the button to rotate toward and nearly rest against the front surface of the rim member 130. The latch tab 116 on the lid 114 includes an inclined latch finger. When the lid 114 is pushed downward, the lower inclined surface of the latch finger pushes the top of the button 120 away from the rim member 130 against the spring bias until the finger clears the top surface of the button 120. The bias of the spring tongue 142 then rotates the button 120 into the closed position, wherein the finger is latched under the top wall of the button 120. To unlatch, the button 120 is pushed downward against the spring bias to release the finger. As mentioned, even if the user's hands are busy, the user can close the cover 114, for example, by using the back of the user's hand, and can release the latch to open the cover 114. This one-touch control encourages use of the cover, which in turn reduces the risk of contamination.

[0071] The inside of the front portion of the rim member 130 includes a cutout 144 that provides clearance for the locking tabs 54 on the reservoir 12 of the flip-top tip container 10. The front portion of each side of the rim member 130 also includes finger openings 146, 148 to allow a lab worker to access the flip-top tip container 10 with their thumb and fingers to pull the flip-top tip container 10 from the dispenser 110. The rear portion of each side of the rim member 130 includes a recessed mount 150, 152 for the lift mechanisms 122, 124. Each lift mechanism includes a lift arm 154, 156, a pivot screw 158, 160, a tension spring 162, 164, and a lift arm cover 166, 168. The lift arms, covers, and buttons are desirably made of a molded plastic, such as acetal.

[0072] The cover 114 is desirably made of injection-molded transparent polycarbonate. A pair of hinges pivotally connect the rear wall of the cover 114 to the rear wall of the base 112. The main frame 126 includes a pair of hinge mounts 190 along the top of the rear wall 138, and upright damping tabs 192. The purpose of the damping tabs 192 is to slow down the backward movement of the cover and soften the feel when opening the dispenser cover 114. When the cover is close to fully open and rotated, the damping tabs 192 interfere with the rear wall of the cover 114 or the protrusion from the rear wall of the cover 114. The damping tabs 192 can be made elastic to damp contact. Additionally or alternatively, elastomeric shock absorbers 194 can be used to damp contact. Figure 32 Another embodiment of a tip dispenser is shown having a damping piston which may be useful when greater damping is desired. Alternatively, if one so desires, the tip dispenser avoids the need for a damping mechanism by employing a lifting mechanism that inherently provides a slow, controlled opening motion.

[0073] Figures 14 to 25 The steps involved in loading and using the dispenser 110 are shown. Figure 14 The empty tip dispenser 110 is shown in the capped position. Figure 15 The user is shown pressing the button 120 on the front of the dispenser 110 to open the empty dispenser 110. Figure 16 If you use Figures 1 to 11A - Figure 11C , the locking tab 20 as previously mentioned may be held in an upward position against the front wall of the lid 14 of the flip-top tip container 10 before the container 10 is placed into the tip dispenser 110. Alternatively, if using FIG. 12A to FIG. 12B , when the tip container is being loaded into the dispenser 110 (i.e., in Figure 21 , 10, 310), the user inserts the locking tab 20A under the cover of the dispenser 110. Alternatively, as mentioned above, the locking tab 20A can be released and allowed to hang downward, which may require that the lid 14 of the flip-top container 10 be slightly opened when the dispenser cover 114 is closed. The wall within the dispenser basin desirably includes a plurality of struts 170. These struts 170 are configured to mate with corresponding locations on the ribbed wall on the lower reservoir 12, 312 of the flip-top tip container 10, 310 and provide lateral support for the reservoir of the flip-top tip container 10, 310. As previously described, the tip dispenser 110 is opened by pressing the button 120, as shown in FIG. Figure 15 As shown in . Although Figure 15 The button 120 is shown to be pressed by the user's finger, but the back of the hand or knuckles may be used as mentioned to press the button 120 if the user's hands are busy. Figure 15 In the case of the case shown in FIG), the flip-top tip container 10 is then placed into the dispenser 110. Figure 16 Still referring to Figure 16 , the lower reservoir 12 of the thermoformed clamshell container 10 , 310 desirably includes a protrusion 70 on each lateral sidewall 28 , 30 . Figure 16 The projection 70 on the lateral side wall 28 is shown, but the lateral side wall 30 and its projection cannot be Figure 16 Seen in. Figure 1The inner side of the transverse wall 30 and a portion of the recess forming the protrusion on the transverse wall 30 are shown. Figure 16 In the embodiment, the protrusion 70 is shown on the lateral side wall 28, and it is understood that another similar protrusion is located on the lateral side wall 30 but not on the lateral side wall 28. Figure 16 10 . The inner surfaces of the lateral sidewalls 134 and 136 include detents or openings 172 for receiving the protrusions 70 when the flip-top tip container 10,310 is fully seated in the dispenser 110. With particular reference to Figures 17 and 19 , when the flip-top tip container 10,310 is first seated in the dispenser 110, the protrusions 70 typically hold the container 10,310 slightly above its fully seated position. However, as shown in Figures 18 and 20 , applying downward pressure to the container 10,310 pushes the protrusions 70 into the openings or detents 172. This optional feature helps maintain the tip container 10,310 in the proper upright position, for example, when the dispenser cover 114 and the container lid 14 are raised to expose pipette tips. The system is designed so that the tip container 10, 310 sits on the floor 132 of the dispenser base 112, as shown in Figures 18 and 20. Figure 23 shows a close-up view of one of the lift mechanisms 122 holding the lid 114 of the open dispenser 110 with the tip container 10, 310 placed in the dispenser 110 and closed.

[0074] Figure 21 The next step in the process is shown in which the cover 114 of the dispenser 110 is being replaced. For example, referring to Figure 1 and Figures 12A-12B The lid 14, 14A of the tip container 10, 310 includes first and second overhanging wings 74, 76, 74A. These overhanging wings 74, 76, 74A extend outward from the lower edge of the lid 14, 14A and are positioned along the lower edge of each lateral sidewall of the lid 14, 14A. The lifting mechanism 122, 124 on the tip dispenser 110 uses the overhanging wings 74, 76, 74A to lift the lid 14, 14A of the flip-top tip container 10, 310 while the lifting mechanism 122, 124 is lifting the dispenser lid 114. When the flip-top tip container 10, 310 is first loaded into the dispenser 110 and the dispenser cover 114 is pushed down into the closed position, the lifting mechanisms 122, 124 are rotated downward and guided around and under the cantilevered wings 74, 76, 74A on the cover 14, 314 of the flip-top tip container 10, 310. This process is discussed in more detail below. In some embodiments of the present invention, the cover 14, 14A is retained against the inside of the dispenser cover 114 by a friction or interference fit when the cover 114 is closed, which means that if the friction or interference fit is sufficiently robust, the cantilevered wings may not be necessary. For example, when the locking tab 20A is as shown in FIG. Figure 12B When folded back as shown in the figure to be stored inside the dispenser cover 114, even without the help of the overhanging wing 74A, the pressure of the locking tab 20A against the inside surface of the cover 114 may be sufficient to hold the lid 14A of the flip-top container 310 when the dispenser cover 114 is lifted.

[0075] Figures 22 to 30A -30D shows the components and operation of the lifting mechanisms 122, 124. It should be understood that the lifting mechanism 124 has the same Figures 22 to 30A -30D. It should also be understood that different lifting mechanisms can be used to implement many aspects of the present invention. The disclosed embodiment uses a spring-biased pivoting lifting arm, however, other types of elastic or elastomeric components can be used in place of the mechanical spring. Further, a counterweight lever mechanism can be used instead of the disclosed spring-biased mechanism. Moreover, a lifting piston with various attachment points to the tip dispenser can be used in place of the pivoting lifting arm. In particular, in cases where a lifter is not required to lift the flip-top container lid 14, 114, other types of mechanical lifters can also be used.

[0076] Brief Reference Figure 28 , shows the lifting mechanism 122 with the extension spring 162 in the extended position, the extension spring being biased to Figure 22 Pull the pivot lift arm 154 in the counterclockwise direction shown in FIG. 1 (but for tab 116 (see FIG. Figure 22 ) latch the cover 114 closed). In this closed position of the tip container 10,310 in the dispenser 110 (which is also in Figure 21 24 ), the lifting arms 154 are located below the corresponding cantilever wings 74 , see FIG. 24 .

[0077] exist Figure 29 , rotating the lift arm 154 to the fully open position. Figure 29 The extension spring 162 is shown in a retracted position after the latch 118 has been released to allow the dispenser cover 114 to be rotated open. Figure 22 and Figure 25 Also shown in the fully open position with the tip container 10,310 loaded. The lift arm 156 and tension spring 164 on the other side of the dispenser 110 are preferably configured in the same manner. Figure 28 and Figure 29 The use of an extension spring 162 is shown, but one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that other types of springs, such as torsion springs, may also be used to lift each respective lifting arm 166 , 168 .

[0078] Comparing Figures 23 and 24, when the flip-top tip container 10 is first loaded into the tip dispenser 110, as previously mentioned, the lifting arms 154 must be guided around and under the respective overhanging wings 74, 374 when the dispenser cover 114 is closed so that the top surfaces 184 of the lifting arms 154 are located below the overhanging wings 74. Once this is the case, the user can then press the button 120 on the dispenser 110 to release the latch 118 and allow the springs 162 and 164 to rotate the respective lifting arms 154, 156 to simultaneously lift the lid 14 of the flip-top tip container 10, 310 and the cover 114 of the dispenser 110. This is done in Figure 22 is shown in . Figure 25 A detailed view of the lift arm 154 simultaneously lifting the overhanging wings 74 and lid 14 of the flip-top tip container 10 and the dispenser closure 114 is shown. Figure 22 Also shown in FIG. 1 is a diagram of a locking tab 20 on the front of the lid 14 of the flip-top tip container 10 being received under the cover 114 of the dispenser 110. Figure 22 In the case of (in), the laboratory staff can install one or more pipette tips to the pipette. When the tips are installed, the user simply pushes down the cover 114 to cover the latch 118 and keep the pipette tip 18 covered until it is desired to install additional tips.

[0079] Refer to Figure 23 to Figure 25 , each side of the rim 130 of the dispenser base 112 includes a cutout 174. This cutout 174 provides a recess for a lug 176 extending from the outer surface of the lift arm 154. The other side of the dispenser base 112 includes a cutout similar to the cutout 174, and the lift arm 156 on the other side of the dispenser includes a lug similar to the lug 176. Also shown in Figure 24, an angled section 178 extends laterally outward from the cover 166 for the lift arm 154 above the lug 176. The cover 168 for the lift arm 156 on the other side of the dispenser 110 includes a similar angled section.

[0080] Figures 26 and 27 show detailed views of the lift arm 154. The lift arm 154 has a downwardly facing angled surface 180 that is present along the portion of the lift arm 154 that engages the corresponding wing 74 on the flip-top tip container 10,310. Figure 26 shows a mounting hole 182 through the inside surface of the pivoting lift arm 154. Although not shown in the figures, this hole is enlarged on the outside of the lift arm 154, allowing the lift arm to be displaced laterally and / or rotationally to clear the corresponding overhanging wing 74 when the lift arm 154 is rotated downward. When the lift arm 154 is positioned below the overhanging wing 74, the top surface 184 of the lift arm presses upward against the overhanging wing 74, while the outwardly extending lug 176 on the lift arm presses upward against the bottom edge of the sidewall of the cover 114. In this manner, the lid 14 , 14A of the flip-top tip container 10 , 310 is lifted simultaneously with the closure 114 .

[0081] As mentioned, the cover 166 for the lift arm includes an angled section 178. This angled section 178 is used to help square the corresponding lift arm 154 after it has rotated downward past the overhanging wing 74. This feature is optional because once the lift arm 154 has passed over the overhanging wing 74 during downward rotation, the lift arm tends to naturally return to a position below the wing 74. The angled section 178 also helps keep the lift arm 154 aligned during the early part of the lifting motion.

[0082] Other features for alignment may be incorporated into the upper rim of the base 112, such as configuring a seating area on the rim to accommodate the horizontal position of the lift arm 154 when the lift arm is fully rotated downward.

[0083] Now refer to Figures 30A to 30D , a series of cross-sectional views illustrating the interaction between the lift arm 154 and the overhanging wings 74 of the lid 14 of the flip-top tip container 10 and the closure 114 of the dispenser 110. Figure 12A and Figure 12B The reference numeral 14A for the lid and the reference numeral 74A for the overhanging wings on the tip container 310 indicate that these features and this mode of operation are relevant both to the disclosed tip containers 10, 310 and to other similar tip containers having overhanging wings on the lid. Figure 30A The dispenser cover 114 is shown pushed downward against the lug 176 of the lift arm 154 to rotate the lift arm 154 downward. It should be noted that the axis of rotation of the hinge for the dispenser 110 is different from the axis of rotation of the hinge for the flip-top tip container 10,310. Furthermore, 30A to 30D The planes of the cross-sectional views in FIG. 1 are different from each other and are selected to schematically illustrate the operation of the lift arm 154. For example, in FIG. Figure 30A, the bottom edge of the cover 114 along this cross section is not shown as contacting the lug 176 on the lift arm 154, but the lift arm 154 actually contacts the lug 176 at a point closer to the pivot channel of the lift arm 154. Figure 30A , the angled downwardly facing surface 180 on the lift arm 154 has not yet contacted the overhanging wings 74, 74A on the lid 14, 14A of the flip-top tip container. Figure 30B The process is shown at a later time after the cover 114 has been pressed or rotated further downward. The overhanging wings 74, 74A contact the angled downwardly facing surface 180 to direct the lifting arms 154 outwardly (as shown by the arrows in 30B) so that the lifting arms 154 pass over and to the sides of the overhanging wings 74, 74A. Figure 30C The cover 114 is shown pushed down to a fully closed position. In this position, the entire lift arm 154, including its top surface 184, has passed under the overhanging wings 74, 74A on the lid 14, 14A of the flip-top tip container. Additionally, the sidewalls of the cover 114 have pressed downwardly against the angled sections 178 on the cover for the lift arm 154 and have pushed the lift arm 154 inward, such that at least a portion of the top surface 184 of the lift arm 154 resides under the overhanging wings 74, 74A. Note that the edge of the lower reservoir 12 of the flip-top tip container 10, 310 does not extend outward far enough to be grasped by the raised lift arm 154. Figure 30D The lid 114 is shown being raised, which occurs when the button 120 is pressed to release the latch 118 on the dispenser 110 and the corresponding spring rotates the corresponding lift arm 154, 156 upward. As the lift arm 154 is rotated upward, its top surface 184 pushes against the cantilevered wings 74, 74A to lift the lid 14, 14A of the flip-top tip container 10, 310, while the lug 176 on the lift arm 154 pushes the dispenser lid 114 upward. It should be noted that the protrusion 70 on the flip-top tip container seats within the detent or opening 172 on the inner side wall of the dispenser base 112, which prevents the lower reservoir 12 of the flip-top tip container 10, 310 from being inadvertently lifted.

[0084] Figure 37A tip separator 216 is shown loaded with pipette tips 218 to be loaded into an open tip dispenser 110. The tip separator 216 shown in this embodiment has an array of 96 pipette tips 218. Around its perimeter, the tip separator 216 includes a brim 220 and a skirt 222, as well as release tabs 224 at the front and back. The skirt 222 fits within the inner contour of the dispenser's rim 130, while the brim 220 is supported directly on the top surface of the rim 130. In other words, when the tip separator 216 is used without a flip-top tip container, the tip separator 216 must be supported on the rim 130 on the base 112. Once the tip separator 216 is loaded into the dispenser 110, the user can use the dispenser 110 in a manner similar to when the tips are present in a flip-top tip container 10, 310. The inside of the rim 130 of the base 112 also includes small recesses or protrusions to interact with the release tabs 224 on the tip separator 216 .

[0085] Figures 31 to 36 Another embodiment of a pipette tip dispenser 410 is shown having a damping piston mechanism 420 on the back wall 418 of the dispenser base 412. The damping mechanism 420 interacts with the back wall 416 of the lid 414 of the dispenser 410 to slow the speed at which the lid 414 opens so that the dispenser 410 remains comfortably stable on the countertop. Figure 33 The damping mechanism 420 comprises a piston 422 within a cylinder 424, which is positioned along the rear outer sidewall 418 of the base 412 of the dispenser 410. The cylinder 424 and piston 422 are mounted together in a housing 430, which is attached to the back wall 418 of the dispenser base 412. The top of the piston 422 is connected to a button 436, which engages the back wall 416 of the lid 410 when the lid is opened to push the piston 422 downward. A seal 426 is provided on the bottom of the piston 422 to seal against the cylinder as it slides within the cylinder 424. A bottom cap 428 is attached to the bottom of the cylinder 424 and also provides a seal 432 for this connection. The bottom cap 428 for the cylinder 424 has a calibrated hole to allow air to escape from the cylinder 424 when the piston 422 is pushed downward into the cylinder by the rearward movement of the lid 414. If desired, filters, ducts, perforated plates or other components may be used to adjust the air flow rate through the metering holes. A return spring 434 is provided to urge the piston upward when the cover 414 is closed. Figure 33 Also shown are a molded bottom plate 450 and a counterweight plate 452. Multiple counterweight plates may be used in place of the single counterweight plate 452. Using one or more counterweight plates 452 with a plastic molded bottom plate will generally be less expensive and easier to manufacture than machining a unitary metal plate to lie flat on the countertop.

[0086] Figure 34The dispenser cap 410 is shown in the closed position. In this position, the return spring 434 and the piston 422 are fully extended. Figure 35 The lid 410 is shown opened as the back surface 416 of the lid 410 engages the top of the button 436 of the damping mechanism 420. The height of the button 436 relative to the height of the back wall 416 as the lid 410 is opening is selected to initiate the damping process at a desired point in the opening process. Figure 36 The lid 410 is shown in a fully open position, wherein the back wall 416 of the lid 410 has pushed downward against the button 436, so that the piston 422 and the return spring 434 are in a fully retracted position. Although the piston 422 pushes against the return spring 434 as it moves downward, it is preferred that the air pressure against the bottom of the damping piston 422 provides most of the resistance to downward movement.

[0087] The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described above, insofar as it is covered by the subject matter of the following claims.

Claims

1. A pipette tip rack system comprising a flip-top tip container having a tip partition loaded with pipette tips and a pipette tip dispenser capable of holding the flip-top tip container, the pipette tip dispenser comprising: a base comprising a bottom wall, lateral side walls, and front and rear side walls; and a cover comprising a top surface, lateral sidewalls, a front sidewall, and a rear sidewall, wherein the base defines a basin in which a flip-top tip container having a tip septum loaded with pipette tips is seatable, and at least a portion of the cover is formed from a light-transmissive material; at least one hinge pivotally connecting the rear sidewall of the cover to the rear sidewall of the base; a latch capable of releasably retaining the cover to the base over the basin in an up position; as well as a lifting mechanism comprising a lifting arm pivotally connected to the base of the pipette tip dispenser and a spring on the base of the pipette tip dispenser, the spring biased to rotate the lifting arm upward; Flip-top tip container loaded with pipette tips includes: a tip reservoir having a bottom wall, lateral sidewalls, a front sidewall, and a back sidewall, wherein the tip reservoir defines a well for storing pipette tips; a tip spacer spanning over the well, supported by the sidewalls of the tip reservoir, and vertically holding an array of pipette tips with collars of respective pipette tips facing upward to facilitate mounting the pipette tips onto a pipette accessory; a cover having a top wall, lateral side walls, a front side wall, and a back side wall; and at least one hinge connecting the back sidewall of the lid to the back sidewall of the tip reservoir, such that the flip-top tip container is configured to be opened by rotating the lid along the hinge away from the tip reservoir; wherein the lifting mechanism is configured to lift both the lid of the flip-top tip container and the lid of the pipette tip dispenser into an open position to expose the pipette tips held in the tip partition when the latch is released to allow the lid on the pipette tip dispenser to pivot relative to the base of the pipette tip dispenser; wherein the flip-top tip container comprises a first cantilevered wing extending outwardly from at least a portion of an edge along a lower edge of one of the lateral side walls of the lid of the flip-top tip container, wherein the first cantilevered wing extends outwardly further than a portion of an edge along an upper edge of the tip reservoir at a corresponding position; and a lift arm on the base of the pipette tip dispenser is configured to pivotally push the first cantilevered wing upward to open the lid of the flip-top tip container and simultaneously pivotally push the dispenser cover upward to open the cover; wherein closing the cover on the pipette tip dispenser pushes the lifting arm and rotates it downward to a height below the first cantilevered wing on the flip-top tip container, and further wherein the lifting arm is guided outward as it rotates downward until it passes the first cantilevered wing.

2. The pipette tip rack system of claim 1 , wherein: The latch includes a depressible button on the front side wall of the base of the pipette tip dispenser, which releases the latch when pressed to enable the cover to move and the at least one lifting mechanism to lift the cover of the holder into an open position and expose the pipette tips held in the pipette tip dispenser.

3. The pipette tip rack system of claim 2, further comprising a damping mechanism for the lid of the dispenser to slow down the speed at which the lid opens.

4. The pipette tip rack system of claim 3, wherein: The damping mechanism includes a piston having an attached seal within a cylinder positioned along a rear outer sidewall of the base of the dispenser and a return spring; the barrel having a calibrated hole to allow air to escape from the barrel as the piston and the attached seal are pushed downwardly deeper into the barrel against the resistance of a return spring due to movement of the lid being opened; and The return spring pushes the piston and the attached seal upward when the lid on the dispenser is or is being closed.

5. The pipette tip holder system of claim 1, wherein: The tip partition includes an array of holes for holding the pipette tips, with the center lines of the corresponding holes spaced apart from each other at a pitch of 4.5 mm or 9 mm, and the tip partition is made of a color representing the accessory configuration, and the pipette tips held in the tip partition will be adapted to the accessory configuration.

6. The pipette tip holder system of claim 1, wherein: The tip reservoir, the lid and the hinge of the flip-top tip container are made of a thermoformed plastic material.

7. The pipette tip holder system of claim 1, wherein: The flip-top tip container further comprises a second cantilevered wing extending outwardly from at least a portion of an edge along a lower edge of another transverse wall of the lid of the flip-top tip container, wherein the second cantilevered wing extends outwardly further than a portion of an edge along an upper edge of the tip reservoir at a corresponding position; and wherein a second lifting arm on the base of the pipette tip dispenser is configured to pivotally push the second cantilevered wing upward to open the lid of the flip-top tip container and simultaneously pivotally push the dispenser lid upward to open the lid.

8. The pipette tip holder system of claim 7, wherein: Closing the cover on the pipette tip dispenser pushes the two lifting arms and rotates them downward to a height below the cantilevered wings on the flip-top tip container, and further wherein, as each lifting arm rotates downward over the respective cantilevered wing, the lifting arm is guided outwardly by engagement of the respective cantilevered wing with the angled section on the downwardly facing surface of the respective lifting arm.

9. The pipette tip rack system of claim 1, wherein: The flip-top tip container includes a hinged locking tab along a lower edge of the front side wall of the lid, wherein the locking tab includes a molded engagement protrusion that engages with a molded catch latch on the front wall of the lower reservoir to releasably close the lid on the flip-top tip container; wherein the molded engagement protrusion includes a pair of latch bosses, each latch boss extending laterally from one side of the engagement protrusion such that a distance between corresponding distal portions of the side walls of the catch latch is less than a full span between the latch bosses, and the latch bosses reside between corresponding proximal portions of the side walls of the catch latch when the locking tab is in the closed position.

10. A disposable flip-top tip container having a tip separator loaded with disposable pipette tips, the disposable flip-top tip container comprising: a tip reservoir having a bottom wall, lateral sidewalls, a front sidewall, and a back sidewall, wherein the tip reservoir defines a well for storing pipette tips; a molded catch latch on the front sidewall of the tip reservoir; a tip spacer spanning over the well, supported by the sidewalls of the tip reservoir, and vertically holding an array of pipette tips with collars of respective pipette tips facing upward to facilitate mounting the pipette tips onto a pipette accessory; a cover having a top wall, lateral side walls, a front side wall, and a back side wall; at least one rear hinge connecting the back sidewall of the lid to the back sidewall of the tip reservoir such that the flip-top tip container is opened by rotating the lid away from the tip reservoir along the rear hinge; as well as a hinged locking tab along a lower edge of the front sidewall of the lid, wherein the hinged locking tab is configured to releasably engage a catch latch to lock the lid of the tip reservoir closed, and release the catch latch to enable the lid to be rotated along the rear hinge away from the tip reservoir and expose pipette tips retained in the tip partition; wherein the tip reservoir, the cover, the locking tab, and the hinge are made of a thermoformed plastic material; wherein the pipette tip dispenser is capable of holding the flip-top tip container and includes a lifting mechanism comprising a lifting arm pivotally connected to a base of the pipette tip dispenser and a spring on the base of the pipette tip dispenser, the spring being biased to rotate the lifting arm upward; wherein the lifting mechanism is configured to lift both the lid of the flip-top tip container and the lid of the pipette tip dispenser into an open position to expose the pipette tips held in the tip partition when a latch is released to allow the lid on the pipette tip dispenser to pivot relative to the base of the pipette tip dispenser; wherein the first cantilever wing extends outwardly from at least a portion of an edge along a lower edge of a first lateral side wall of the lid of the flip-top tip container, wherein the first cantilever wing extends outwardly further than a portion of an edge along an upper edge of the tip reservoir at a corresponding position; and the lifting arm on the base of the pipette tip dispenser is configured to pivotally push the first cantilever wing upward to open the lid of the flip-top tip container; and a second cantilever wing extends outwardly from at least a portion of an edge along a lower edge of a second lateral side wall of the lid of the flip-top tip container, wherein the second cantilever wing extends outwardly further than a portion of an edge along an upper edge of the tip reservoir at a corresponding position; wherein closing the cover on the pipette tip dispenser pushes the lifting arm and rotates it downward to a height below the first cantilevered wing on the flip-top tip container, and further wherein the lifting arm is guided outward as it rotates downward until it passes the first cantilevered wing.

11. The flip-top tip container of claim 10, further comprising a tip separator, the tip separator comprising an array of holes for holding pipette tips, wherein The center lines of the corresponding holes are spaced apart from each other at intervals of 4.5 mm or 9 mm, and the tip separator is made of a color representing the accessory configuration to which the pipette tips retained in the tip separator will fit.

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