Fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing system, testing method and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and more particularly to a fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing system, testing method, and vehicle. The fuel cell includes a fuel cell stack, which includes a hydrogen side inlet and a heat dissipation outlet. The testing system includes a hydrogen pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a dissolved hydrogen sensor. The hydrogen pressure sensor is arranged on the hydrogen side inlet, and the temperature sensor and the dissolved hydrogen sensor are arranged on the heat dissipation outlet. The present invention does not require structural modification of the existing fuel cell, and the modification is easy and convenient to operate. At the same time, the dissolved hydrogen sensor, in conjunction with a control method, can accurately measure the amount of hydrogen leakage from the fuel chamber to the cooling chamber of the fuel cell. Online measurement can be achieved to truly reflect the leakage amount and leakage rate from the fuel chamber to the cooling chamber under actual operating conditions of the fuel cell, evaluate factors affecting the leakage rate from the fuel chamber to the cooling chamber of the fuel cell, and quantify the relationship between operating conditions and leakage rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing system, a testing method and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Fuel cells, as a green power generation technology, have gained widespread development due to their advantages, including high efficiency, minimal environmental pollution, and high specific energy. Hydrogen-fueled fuel cells are currently the most widely used type of fuel cell. However, as a flammable and explosive gas, hydrogen poses certain safety risks during use. Therefore, monitoring hydrogen leaks in fuel cells is a critical task.

[0003] During the operation of the fuel cell, hydrogen leaks from the fuel chamber to the cooling chamber through the bipolar plate. When the leakage exceeds a certain limit, bubbles and hydrogen accumulation will occur in the cooling chamber, resulting in a decrease in the heat dissipation capacity of the fuel cell cooling chamber and safety hazards. Therefore, it is very important to accurately monitor the leakage rate of hydrogen from the fuel chamber to the cooling chamber during the operation of the fuel cell.

[0004] In addition, the existing fuel chamber-cooling chamber hydrogen leakage measurement accuracy is insufficient, and it is impossible to accurately measure tiny leakage; it is impossible to measure leakage under normal operation of the fuel cell; the external structure of the fuel cell needs to be modified during measurement, the test efficiency is low, and in-situ measurement cannot be achieved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing system, testing method and vehicle that do not require modification of the external structure of the fuel cell and can achieve in-situ measurement.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the first technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing system, wherein the fuel cell includes a stack, and the stack includes a hydrogen side inlet and a heat dissipation outlet;

[0008] The test system includes a hydrogen pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a dissolved hydrogen sensor;

[0009] The hydrogen pressure sensor is arranged on the hydrogen side inlet, and the temperature sensor and the dissolved hydrogen sensor are arranged on the heat dissipation outlet.

[0010] In order to solve the above technical problems, the second technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0011] A fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing method, comprising:

[0012] S1. Start the fuel cell and operate it at working point 1. After the hydrogen pressure P1 and reaction temperature T1 are stable, record the dissolved hydrogen concentration C1 at time t1.

[0013] S2, the fuel cell continues to operate stably at working point 1 for a period of time until time t2, and the dissolved hydrogen concentration C2 at time t2 is recorded;

[0014] S3. Calculate the hydrogen concentrations C2 and C1 at time t2 and t1 and calculate their difference △C. The time difference between time t2 and t1 is △t, and the volume of the fuel cell cooling circuit is V. Then the leakage rate

[0015] In order to solve the above technical problems, the third technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0016] A vehicle comprises the above-mentioned fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing system.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by adding a hydrogen pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a dissolved hydrogen sensor, there is no need to structurally modify the existing fuel cell, the modification is easy and the operation is convenient; at the same time, the dissolved hydrogen sensor, in conjunction with the control method, can accurately measure the amount of hydrogen leakage from the fuel chamber to the cooling chamber of the fuel cell; online measurement can be achieved to truly reflect the amount and rate of leakage from the fuel chamber to the cooling chamber under the actual operating conditions of the fuel cell; the factors affecting the leakage rate from the fuel chamber to the cooling chamber of the fuel cell are evaluated by the leakage amount and leakage rate, and the relationship between the operating conditions and the leakage rate is quantified. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of a fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing method according to a second specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] To illustrate the technical content, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is given in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0021] A fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing system, wherein the fuel cell includes a stack, and the stack includes a hydrogen side inlet and a heat dissipation outlet;

[0022] The test system includes a hydrogen pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a dissolved hydrogen sensor;

[0023] The hydrogen pressure sensor is arranged on the hydrogen side inlet, and the temperature sensor and the dissolved hydrogen sensor are arranged on the heat dissipation outlet.

[0024] From the above description, it can be seen that by adding hydrogen pressure sensors, temperature sensors and dissolved hydrogen sensors, there is no need to structurally modify the existing fuel cell, the modification is easy and the operation is convenient; at the same time, through the dissolved hydrogen sensor, in conjunction with the control method, the hydrogen leakage between the fuel chamber and the cooling chamber of the fuel cell can be accurately measured; online measurement can be achieved to truly reflect the leakage amount and leakage rate from the fuel chamber to the cooling chamber under the actual operating conditions of the fuel cell; the factors affecting the leakage rate from the fuel chamber to the cooling chamber of the fuel cell are evaluated through the leakage amount and leakage rate, and the relationship between the operating conditions and the leakage rate is quantified.

[0025] Furthermore, the fuel cell stack further includes a heat dissipation inlet, and the fuel cell further includes a fuel cell cooling circuit;

[0026] The fuel cell cooling circuit is connected between the heat dissipation outlet and the heat dissipation inlet.

[0027] Furthermore, the heat dissipation outlet, the temperature sensor, the dissolved hydrogen sensor, the heat dissipation path and the heat dissipation inlet are connected in sequence.

[0028] From the above description, it can be seen that by placing the temperature sensor closer to the heat dissipation outlet of the fuel cell stack, the measured temperature can be ensured to be more accurate, and inaccurate measurements due to heat dissipation in the pipeline can be prevented.

[0029] Furthermore, the fuel cell cooling circuit includes a heat dissipation device and a coolant circulation device.

[0030] Furthermore, the fuel cell stack further includes a hydrogen side outlet;

[0031] The fuel cell further includes a hydrogen circulation device and a hydrogen supply device, wherein the hydrogen side outlet, the hydrogen circulation device, the hydrogen pressure sensor and the hydrogen side inlet are connected in sequence;

[0032] The hydrogen supply device is connected to the hydrogen pressure sensor and the hydrogen side inlet in sequence.

[0033] Furthermore, the fuel cell further includes a tail exhaust pipeline, which is connected to the hydrogen side outlet.

[0034] A fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing method, comprising:

[0035] S1. Start the fuel cell and operate it at working point 1. After the hydrogen pressure P1 and reaction temperature T1 are stable, record the dissolved hydrogen concentration C1 at time t1.

[0036] S2, the fuel cell continues to operate stably at working point 1 for a period of time until time t2, and the dissolved hydrogen concentration C2 at time t2 is recorded;

[0037] S3. Calculate the hydrogen concentrations C2 and C1 at time t2 and t1 and calculate their difference △C. The time difference between time t2 and t1 is △t, and the volume of the fuel cell cooling circuit is V. Then the leakage rate

[0038] Furthermore, it also includes

[0039] S4. Change the fuel cell operating point and operating conditions to operate at operating point n, and repeat steps S1 to S3 to obtain the leakage rate Qn at different operating points n.

[0040] It can be seen from the above description that by using different working points and working conditions, the leakage rate can be obtained more accurately.

[0041] A vehicle, characterized by comprising the above-mentioned fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing system.

[0042] Furthermore, the vehicle also includes a controller, which executes the above-mentioned fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing method.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Reference Figure 1 , a fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing system, the fuel cell includes a stack, the stack includes a hydrogen side inlet and a heat dissipation outlet;

[0045] The test system includes a hydrogen pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a dissolved hydrogen sensor;

[0046] The hydrogen pressure sensor is arranged on the hydrogen side inlet, and the temperature sensor and the dissolved hydrogen sensor are arranged on the heat dissipation outlet.

[0047] The fuel cell stack further includes a heat dissipation inlet, and the fuel cell further includes a fuel cell cooling circuit;

[0048] The fuel cell cooling circuit is connected between the heat dissipation outlet and the heat dissipation inlet.

[0049] The heat dissipation outlet, the temperature sensor, the dissolved hydrogen sensor, the heat dissipation path and the heat dissipation inlet are connected in sequence.

[0050] The fuel cell cooling circuit includes a heat dissipation device and a coolant circulation device.

[0051] The fuel cell stack further includes a hydrogen side outlet;

[0052] The fuel cell further includes a hydrogen circulation device and a hydrogen supply device, wherein the hydrogen side outlet, the hydrogen circulation device, the hydrogen pressure sensor and the hydrogen side inlet are connected in sequence;

[0053] The hydrogen supply device is connected to the hydrogen pressure sensor and the hydrogen side inlet in sequence.

[0054] The fuel cell further includes a tail exhaust pipeline, which is communicated with the hydrogen side outlet.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] Reference Figure 2 , a fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing method, comprising

[0057] S1. Start the fuel cell and operate it at working point 1. After the hydrogen pressure P1 and reaction temperature T1 are stable, record the dissolved hydrogen concentration C1 at time t1.

[0058] S2, the fuel cell continues to operate stably at working point 1 for a period of time until time t2, and the dissolved hydrogen concentration C2 at time t2 is recorded;

[0059] S3. Calculate the hydrogen concentrations C2 and C1 at time t2 and t1 and calculate their difference △C. The time difference between time t2 and t1 is △t, and the volume of the fuel cell cooling circuit is V. Then the leakage rate

[0060] S4. Change the fuel cell operating point and operating conditions to operate at operating point n, and repeat steps S1 to S3 to obtain the leakage rate Qn at different operating points n.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] A vehicle includes a controller and the fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing system described in embodiment 1.

[0063] The controller executes the fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing method described in the second embodiment.

[0064] The hydrogen pressure is provided by a hydrogen pressure sensor of the test system, the reaction temperature is provided by a temperature sensor of the test system, and the dissolved hydrogen concentration is provided by a dissolved hydrogen sensor of the test system.

[0065] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformations made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing system, characterized in that: The fuel cell includes a stack, wherein the stack includes a hydrogen side inlet and a heat dissipation outlet; The test system includes a hydrogen pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a dissolved hydrogen sensor; The hydrogen pressure sensor is arranged on the hydrogen side inlet, and the temperature sensor and dissolved hydrogen sensor are arranged on the heat dissipation outlet; The fuel cell stack further includes a heat dissipation inlet, and the fuel cell further includes a fuel cell cooling circuit; The fuel cell cooling circuit is connected between the heat dissipation outlet and the heat dissipation inlet; The fuel cell stack further includes a hydrogen side outlet; The fuel cell further includes a hydrogen circulation device and a hydrogen supply device, wherein the hydrogen side outlet, the hydrogen circulation device, the hydrogen pressure sensor and the hydrogen side inlet are connected in sequence; The hydrogen supply device is connected to the hydrogen pressure sensor and the hydrogen side inlet in sequence; The fuel cell further includes a tail exhaust pipeline, which is communicated with the hydrogen side outlet.

2. The fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation outlet, the temperature sensor, the dissolved hydrogen sensor, the heat dissipation path and the heat dissipation inlet are connected in sequence.

3. The fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fuel cell cooling circuit includes a heat dissipation device and a coolant circulation device.

4. A fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing method, implemented by the fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing system according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: include S1. Start the fuel cell and operate it at working point 1. After the hydrogen pressure P1 and reaction temperature T1 are stable, record the dissolved hydrogen concentration C1 at time t1. S2, the fuel cell continues to operate stably at working point 1 for a period of time until time t2, and the dissolved hydrogen concentration C2 at time t2 is recorded; S3. Calculate the hydrogen concentrations C2 and C1 at time t2 and t1 and calculate their difference △C. The time difference between time t2 and t1 is △t, and the volume of the fuel cell cooling circuit is V. Then the leakage rate .

5. The fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes S4. Change the fuel cell operating point and operating conditions to operate at operating point n, and repeat steps S1 to S3 to obtain the leakage rate Qn at different operating points n.

6. A vehicle, characterized in that: A fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing system comprising the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

7. The vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that It also includes a controller, which executes the fuel cell hydrogen leakage rate testing method according to any one of claims 4-5.

Images