A posture-controlled high-speed precision seeding device for corn

Abstract

Invention name: A posture-controlled guided high-speed precision corn seeding device Abstract: The present invention discloses a posture-controlled guided high-speed precision corn seeding device, including a trouser-shaped seed guide tube, a front shell, a rear shell, a seeding wheel, a seed protection plate, a mirror-image seed protection plate, an edge curved surface, a mirror-image edge curved surface and a transmission shaft. The present invention adopts a posture-adjusting groove structure formed by a seed protection plate and a shell wall, which effectively overcomes the adverse effect of a large amount of seed accumulation and arching in the seed chamber on seed filling; by adjusting the seed posture before seed filling, the problem that the mechanical seeding device cannot fill the seeds due to different seed postures and mismatched hole structures during seed filling is effectively solved; the fixed posture of the seeds is used to carry out directional seed filling along the direction of the hole opening, which can effectively separate excess seeds and ensure reliable seed cleaning under high-speed operation conditions. The present invention has a simple and compact structure, has good adaptability to the complex shape of corn kernels, and can significantly improve the high-speed operation quality of precision seeders.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a seeding device of a corn precision seeder, in particular to a posture-controlled high-speed precision seeding device for corn, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery. Background Art

[0002] As the core working part of the seeding machine, the performance of the seeding device directly affects the seeding quality. The high speed and precision of precision seeding machines have become an important direction for the development of modern precision seeding technology. With the reduction of crop planting spacing, the requirements for high-speed operation performance of precision seeding devices have gradually increased. Mechanical seeding devices are popular among farmers because of their simple structure, good matching, low manufacturing and use costs, etc. However, the existing mechanical seeding devices for corn generally adapt to low operating speeds (not higher than 9km / h). Due to the extremely irregular shape of corn seeds and large individual differences, the existing spoon-type seeding device seeding unit is not adaptable to it. The finger-clamping seeding device is easy to damage seeds during high-speed operation and the overall accuracy is difficult to adjust. In addition, a large number of irregularly shaped seeds in the seeding room are easily arched, which is not conducive to their effective filling and clearing of seeds when the seeding device rotates at high speed. When the operating speed is increased to more than 10km / h, the existing mechanical seeding devices have problems such as poor seeding stability and decreased uniformity of plant spacing. It is impossible to maintain its original seeding accuracy and it is difficult to meet the technical requirements of high-speed precision seeding. To this end, the present invention designs a mechanical seed meter with a posture adjustment groove and a posture adjustment tooth structure, which can actively adjust the posture of corn seeds in the posture adjustment groove before filling, and drive and guide them to efficiently complete the filling under the action of the friction force of the partition wall. At the same time, the geometric seed chamber structure of the hole plug-in is conducive to the precise separation of the seeds filled in a directional manner, ensuring reliable filling and clearing of seeds. The seeding wheel is an assembly of a seeding disc, a mirrored seeding disc, a seed transport wheel, a hole plug-in, a mirrored hole plug-in, a seed delivery partition and a mirrored seed delivery partition. The seeding disc and the mirrored seeding disc are evenly equipped with hole plug-ins on the circumference, and are staggered on both sides of the seed transport wheel. The hole plug-in structure design can ensure that the multiple seeds filled in a directional manner effectively retain the single seed to be cast and separate the remaining seeds. The wall surface of the seed delivery partition and the mirrored seed delivery partition located in the seed filling area is designed with a strip groove, which is used to increase the wall friction so as to achieve the effect of driving the seeds to complete the filling, thereby improving the high-speed precision spot sowing operation quality of the seed meter for corn seeds. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a posture-controlled high-speed precision corn seeding device.

[0004] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a posture-controlled guided corn high-speed precision seeding device, characterized in that it includes a trouser-shaped seed guide tube, a front housing, an edge curved surface, a mirrored edge curved surface, a seed blocking plate, a mirrored seed blocking plate, a seeding wheel, a transmission shaft, a rear housing, and a seeding port. The seed guide tube is installed on the front housing and the rear housing and is respectively connected thereto, a seeding port is provided at the bottom of the rear housing, and the seeding wheel is composed of a seeding disc, a mirrored seeding disc, a seed delivery baffle, a mirrored seed delivery baffle, and a seed transport wheel, and is installed on the transmission shaft; a fixed-shape shaped hole plug-in is installed on the seeding disc, and the shaped hole plug-in structure has a posture adjusting tooth for adjusting the seed filling posture; the shaped hole plug-ins and the mirrored shaped hole plug-ins located on both sides of the seeding wheel are staggered.

[0005] The front shell body is mainly composed of a front seed inlet, an edge bolt hole, a surface bolt hole, a surface edge square hole, a surface square hole and a front bearing seat, wherein the three edge bolt holes located on the edge of the front shell body are used for assembly with the rear shell body, one surface bolt hole is used to fix the trouser-shaped seed guide tube, three surface edge square holes are used to install the edge curved surface, and two surface square holes are used to install the seed retaining plate.

[0006] The rear shell body is mainly composed of a fixing frame, bolt holes on the fixing frame, edge bolt holes, surface bolt holes, surface edge square holes, surface square holes, a rear bearing seat, a positioning bolt hole in the lower right corner and a seed discharge port, wherein the three edge bolt holes located on the edge of the rear shell body are used for assembly with the front shell body, one surface bolt hole is used to fix the trouser-shaped seed guide tube, three surface edge square holes are used to install the mirrored edge curved surface, two surface square holes are used to install the mirrored seed baffle plate, the positioning bolt hole in the lower right corner is used to adjust the angle between the seed delivery partition and the mirrored seed delivery partition, and the seed discharge port is located on the inner wall surface of the rear shell body.

[0007] The surface of the seeding disc is evenly distributed with 16 shaped hole plug-in bases along the circumference, 16 seed stirring teeth are evenly distributed above the plug-in bases, and a hexagonal shaft hole is provided in the center, and the hexagonal shaft hole has a positioning bolt hole for installing the transmission shaft. After the seeding disc is rotated 10° clockwise around the center, the shaped hole plug-in base and the seed stirring teeth are symmetrical with the shaped hole plug-in base and the seed stirring teeth in the mirrored seeding disc.

[0008] The top notch range of the seed delivery partition is 60°, which is used to deliver the seeds to be delivered into the seed delivery chambers of the seed transport wheel; the bottom strip groove range is 90° covering the filling area, which is used to increase the friction force during directional seed filling, thereby driving the seeds to complete the filling; the seed delivery partition is symmetrical with the mirror image seed delivery partition structure.

[0009] The seed transport wheel is provided with 32 seed delivery compartments distributed without interval along the wheel circumference. The side openings of two adjacent seed delivery compartments are in opposite directions, and a hexagonal shaft hole is provided in the center for assembly.

[0010] The type hole plug-in structure is mainly composed of a wall guide groove with an opening angle of 52°, a geometric seed chamber and a right-angled triangle posture adjustment tooth. Among them, the guide groove wall with an opening angle of 52° is used to cooperate with the friction force of the seed delivery partition groove to drive and guide the seeds in a sideways or lying posture to enter the seed chamber; the geometric seed chamber is based on the original right-angled trapezoidal prism. The bottom surface of its right-angled trapezoid is tilted backward by 30°, which can effectively separate the seeds to be cast and the seeds to be cleared, ensuring that only single seeds can be filled. The right-angled triangle posture adjustment teeth adjust the seeds in an upright posture to a sideways or sideways posture, making it easier for them to enter the inside of the type hole plug-in to complete directional seed filling.

[0011] The middle part of the transmission shaft is a regular hexagonal shaft and a mounting bolt hole, which is limited by the regular hexagonal hole on the seeding wheel. A rectangular keyway is provided at the end of the shaft for assembly with the sprocket to drive the seeding wheel to rotate. A shoulder is provided between the hexagonal shaft and the rectangular keyway for assembly of bearings and for limiting purposes.

[0012] The benefit of the present invention is that the seed population in the seed meter is initially filled through the attitude adjustment groove, avoiding the direct interaction between the seed taker and the seed population in the traditional mechanical seed meter, and the poor seed filling effect caused by the large amount of seed population stacking and arching. The attitude adjustment groove is limited in width so that the axis where the tip and tail of the seed fall into the groove parallel to the wall of the attitude adjustment groove, which initially reduces the freedom of the posture of the seeds falling into the groove; most of the seeds at the bottom of the groove will present an upright, sideways or side-lying posture; due to the height limit of the seed retaining plate, the seeds that remain upright cannot be filled into the mold hole plug-in, and roll backwards under the shoveling action of the bottom of the attitude adjustment teeth, and are adjusted to a sideways or side-lying posture. All seeds that are about to be filled into the mold hole plug-in maintain a sideways or side-lying posture, and after entering the mold hole plug-in, they uniformly maintain a sideways or flat posture, and are directional filled in the direction of the opening of the mold hole plug-in under the friction of the groove on the wall of the seed delivery partition. The present invention uses the technical idea of ​​adjusting the seed posture before filling to make the seeds in the hole plug-in maintain a sideways or flat posture to achieve directional filling, solving the problem of missed filling caused by the different postures of seeds when filling and the mismatch of the hole opening shape in the traditional seed taking unit, and the problem of multiple seeds being filled and bitten at the same time without rules, and the problem of reseeding that cannot be cleared in time. The seed metering device uses the technology of adjusting the posture of seeds before filling and guiding the directional filling of seeds, effectively improving the filling and clearing effects under high-speed working conditions, thereby realizing high-speed precision sowing of corn. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is an overall assembly diagram of a posture-controlled guided high-speed precision seed metering device for corn according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional exploded view of a posture-controlled high-speed precision seed metering device for corn; Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional exploded view of the seed wheel; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the type hole plug-in and the mirror type hole plug-in; Figure 5This is the principle diagram of seed posture control; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of directional seed filling and separation of excess seeds for the hole plug-in; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a seed tray and a mirror image seed tray; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seed transfer partition and the mirror image seed transfer partition; Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transport wheel; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission shaft; Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the front shell, edge surface and seed retaining plate assembly; Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rear shell, the mirror edge surface and the mirror seed plate assembly; Fig.13 This is the working principle diagram.

[0014] In the figure: 1. front bearing end cover, 2. trouser-shaped seed guide tube, 3. front shell, 4. edge surface, 5. seed wheel, 6. mirror edge surface, 7. rear shell, 8. rear bearing end cover, 9. transmission shaft, 10. seeding port, 11. mirror seed baffle plate, 12. seed baffle plate, 13. hole plug-in, 14. seeding disk, 15. seed delivery partition, 16. seed transport wheel, 17. mirror seed delivery partition, 18. mirror seeding disk, 19. mirror hole plug-in, 20. seed delivery grid, 21. seed stirring teeth, 22. posture adjustment teeth, 23. geometric seed chamber, I seed filling area, II seed cleaning area, III seed delivery area, IV seed transport area, V seeding area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0016] like Figure 1-13As shown, a posture-controlled guided high-speed precision seeding device for corn is characterized by: a front bearing end cover 1, a trouser-shaped seed guide tube 2, a front shell 3, an edge curved surface 4, a seeding wheel 5, a mirrored edge curved surface 6, a rear shell 7, a rear bearing end cover 8, a transmission shaft 9, a seeding port 10, a mirrored seed retaining plate 11, a seed retaining plate 12, a shaped hole plug-in 13, a seeding disc 14, a seed delivery partition 15, a seed transport wheel 16, a mirrored seed delivery partition 17, a mirrored seeding disc 18, a mirrored shaped hole plug-in 19, a seed delivery grid 20, a seed stirring tooth 21, a posture adjustment tooth 22, and a geometric seed chamber 23. Among them, the front bearing end cover 1, the front housing 3, the rear housing 7, the rear bearing end cover 8, and the seeding port 10 together constitute the outer shell of the present invention and are installed on the seeding machine through a fixing frame. The trouser-shaped seed guide tube 2 is installed on the outside of the front housing 3 and the rear housing 7 and respectively penetrates therewith to send seeds into the seeding device. The center of the surface of the rear housing 7 is provided with a circular bearing seat for mounting the bearing to cooperate with the shoulder of the transmission shaft. The seeding wheel 5 is assembled by the seeding disc 14, the seed delivery partition 15, the seed transport wheel 16, the mirror seed delivery partition 17, the mirror seeding disc 18, and the mirror hole plug-in 19. The centers of the seeding disc 14 and the mirror seeding disc 18 are provided with regular hexagonal holes and limit bolt holes to cooperate with the regular hexagonal shaft body of the transmission shaft 9, and the seeding wheel 5 is fixed with limit bolts. 16 stirring teeth 21 and 16 hole plug-in bases are evenly distributed on the circumferential edges of the seeding disc 14 and the mirror image seeding disc 18. The hole plug-in base is used to install the hole plug-in 13 and the mirror image hole plug-in 19, which are both composed of posture adjustment teeth 22 and geometric seed chambers 23. The lower right corners of the seeding partition 15 and the mirror image seeding partition 17 are both provided with bolt holes that cooperate with the positioning bolt holes at the lower right corner of the rear shell 7 to complete the positioning.

[0017] The transmission shaft 9 rotates driven by a power source such as a chain or a motor, and the seed wheel 5 is driven by the transmission shaft 9 to rotate around its axis. The seed population in the seed chamber is rotated by the seed stirring teeth 21 on the seed wheel 5 to continuously send the seeds into the posture adjustment groove between the seed retaining plate 12 and the front shell 3. The posture adjustment teeth 22 shovel in from the bottom of the upright corn seeds, adjust the upright seeds to side-lying or side-standing seeds, and enter the geometric seed chamber 23 under the action of the seed pressure above for filling.

[0018] After the hole plug-in 13 is filled with seeds, no more than three seeds are retained in the hole, of which one seed located inside the geometric seed chamber 23 is constrained by the structure and keeps rotating synchronously with the structure, and the remaining seeds are insufficiently constrained by the structure, and fall back into the seed population under their own gravity after entering the seed clearing area to complete the seed clearing. The mirror hole plug-in 19 has the same function as above.

[0019] The hole plug-in 13 moves to the notch position of the seed delivery partition 15, and the single seed to be planted in the geometric seed chamber 23 slides sideways into the seed delivery compartment 20 of the seed transport wheel 16 under the action of the structure, rotates with the seed transport wheel 16, is transported to the seed delivery port 10 area and falls, and the seeding is completed. The mirror hole plug-in 19 has the same function as above.

[0020] The working principle of the present invention is as follows Fig.11 As shown in the content, the working process of the seed metering device is roughly divided into five areas, namely, I seed filling area, II seed cleaning area, III seed delivery area, IV seed transport area, and V seed throwing area. After entering the seed metering device, the seeds first pass through the seed filling area for seed filling. The seeds passing through the seed filling area enter the posture adjustment groove under the combined force of the seed stirring tooth thrust, self-gravity and centrifugal force. Due to the width limitation of the posture adjustment groove, the seeds in the groove maintain three filling postures, namely, upright, side-lying and side-standing. Among them, the seeds in the upright posture cannot be filled into the mold hole plug-in due to the height limitation of the seed protection plate. The posture adjustment teeth located on the side of the mold hole plug-in produce a shoveling effect on the bottom of the seed, causing the seeds in the upright posture to roll over and slide from the tooth surface of the posture adjustment teeth to a side-standing or side-lying posture, preparing for the subsequent filling of the mold hole plug-in. Therefore, the seeds that are about to be filled into the mold hole plug-in are all kept in a lying or side-standing posture, thereby avoiding the problem of leakage caused by different seed postures and the mismatch between the mold hole structure. Due to the structural limitation of the hole plug-in, the seeds filled into the geometric body seed chamber are easily separated into single seeds to be cast and the rest of the seeds to be cleared, thereby reducing the problem of reseeding caused by hole blockage. After the hole plug-in successfully fills the seeds, a small amount of seeds in the geometric body space fall back to the seed filling area with gravity, thereby achieving the effect of clearing the seeds. After the seed clearing process is completed, it is ensured that there is only one seed in the geometric body space of each hole plug-in when entering the seed delivery area. The seeds entering the seed delivery area slide along the side of the structure under the action of their own gravity into the seed delivery grid of the seed transport wheel. After the seed delivery process is completed, the single seed in the seed delivery grid is smoothly transported to the seed delivery area to complete the seed transportation process. The seeds entering the seed delivery area fall from the top opening of the seed storage bin to complete the seed delivery process.

[0021] The above-mentioned specific implementation methods only describe the basic principles and main features of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made to the technical scheme of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A posture-controlled high-speed precision seeding device for corn, which is composed of a trouser-shaped seed guide tube, a front shell, a rear shell, a seeding wheel, a seed protection plate, a mirror-image seed protection plate, an edge curved surface, a mirror-image edge curved surface and a transmission shaft. The seeding wheel part includes a shaped hole plug-in, a seeding disc, a seed delivery baffle, a seed transport wheel, a mirror-image seed delivery baffle, a mirror-image seeding disc, a mirror-image shaped hole plug-in, a seed delivery grid, a seed stirring tooth, a posture adjustment tooth and a geometric seed chamber; the characteristics are: The surface of the seeding disk is evenly distributed with 16 shaped hole plug-in bases along the circumference, and 16 seed stirring teeth are evenly distributed above the plug-in bases. After rotating it 10° clockwise, it is symmetrical with the shaped hole plug-in base and the seed stirring teeth in the mirror image seeding disk; the range of the top notch of the seed delivery partition is 60°, the range of the bottom strip groove is 90°, and the structure of the seed delivery partition is symmetrical with the mirror image seed delivery partition; the seed transport wheel is uniformly distributed with 32 seed delivery compartments along the circumference, and the side opening directions of two adjacent seed delivery compartments are opposite; the shaped hole plug-in structure is mainly composed of a wall guide groove with an opening angle of 52°, a geometric seed chamber and a right-angled triangle posture adjustment tooth.

2. The attitude-controlled high-speed precision seed metering device for corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The geometric seed chamber is based on the original right-angled trapezoidal prism, and its right-angled trapezoidal bottom surface is tilted backward by 30 degrees.

3. The attitude-controlled high-speed precision seeding device for corn according to claim 1, characterized in that The top of the seed transfer cell is inclined at 30° as a whole.

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