A universal intramedullary nail fixation system

Abstract

This patent relates to a general intramedullary nail fixation system, comprising: an intramedullary nail; an insertion handle, the overall shape of the insertion handle is "n"-shaped, a bushing is arranged at the end of one side arm of the insertion handle, and an intramedullary nail insertion reference plane is arranged on the other side arm, and the bushing is matched with the top end of the intramedullary nail; an aiming device, the aiming device is arranged on the other side wall of the insertion handle, the upper end of the aiming device is attached to the intramedullary nail insertion reference plane, and a sleeve mounting hole is arranged at the lower end of the aiming device; a sleeve, the sleeve comprises a threaded sleeve and a combined sleeve, a flange is arranged at the end of the sleeve, and the flange is arranged along the axial direction of the sleeve. Through the above scheme design, this patent provides a general aiming device applicable to both mother-and-child intramedullary nails and blade intramedullary nails, so as to improve the versatility of various intramedullary nail fixation systems and ensure good working performance under the use of each type of intramedullary nail.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This patent relates to the technical field of orthopedic medical devices, and particularly to a universal intramedullary nail fixation system. Background Art

[0002] Intertrochanteric fractures of the femur refer to fractures between the base of the femoral neck and the level of the lesser trochanter, and are a common type of hip fracture in the elderly.

[0003] In the prior art, the use of blade nail intramedullary nails and mother-daughter nail intramedullary nails in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures of the femur has become increasingly widespread. Their respective unique structural designs give them different advantages in the process of treating intertrochanteric fractures.

[0004] The mother-daughter nail intramedullary nail system has relatively better biomechanical properties than the blade nail intramedullary nail, stronger fixation stability and more effective anti-rotation, making it have advantages in fixation stability and anti-rotation for patients with complex lateral greater trochanter fractures, proximal lateral femoral cortical fractures, and unstable intertrochanteric fractures of the femur. However, the blade nail intramedullary nail has a shorter operation time, less intraoperative bleeding and postoperative drainage than the mother-daughter nail intramedullary nail, is relatively simple to operate, and causes less bone mass loss in elderly osteoporotic patients. Therefore, doctors may choose to use blade nail intramedullary nails and mother-daughter nail intramedullary nails according to the actual situation of the patients during the operation.

[0005] However, currently in clinical practice, the surgical instruments for these blade nail intramedullary nails and mother-daughter nail intramedullary nails are not completely universal, especially the aiming devices are completely different, so there are relatively large limitations in the selection of intramedullary nails during the implementation of specific schemes. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This patent is precisely proposed based on the above-mentioned defects in the prior art. The technical problem to be solved by this patent is to provide a universal intramedullary nail fixation system that can be used for both mother-daughter intramedullary nails and blade intramedullary nails, thereby improving the installation efficiency of intramedullary nails.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the technical solutions provided by this patent include:

[0008] A universal intramedullary nail fixation system, characterized in that the system includes:

[0009] An intramedullary nail, the intramedullary nail includes a blade intramedullary nail and a mother-daughter intramedullary nail, and two upwardly opening grooves are provided at the top of the intramedullary nail;

[0010] Insert a handle. The overall shape of the insert handle is N-shaped. A bushing is provided at the end of one arm of the insert handle, and an intramedullary nail insertion reference plane is provided on the other arm. The axis of the bushing forms a 5° angle with the axis of the one arm of the insert handle; the bushing cooperates with the top end of the intramedullary nail; a fixing screw is also provided on the one side wall, and the fixing screw fixes the bushing and the intramedullary nail;

[0011] A sight. The sight is provided on the other side wall of the insert handle. The upper end of the sight is in contact with the intramedullary nail insertion reference plane, and a sleeve mounting hole is provided at the lower end of the sight; a cover plate and a card are provided in the sleeve mounting hole. A guiding groove is formed between the cover plate and the sleeve mounting hole. The card is slidably arranged in the guiding groove. A resilient piece is provided on the card, and the resilient piece applies an elastic force to the card to hold the card in the first position in the guiding groove; a through hole is provided on the card, and the through hole is opposite to the sleeve mounting hole; when the card moves to at least the second position against the elastic force, the area of the coincidence of the through hole on the card and the sleeve mounting hole is larger than the area of the coincidence of the through hole on the card and the sleeve mounting hole at the first position;

[0012] A sleeve. The sleeve includes a threaded sleeve and a combined sleeve. A flange is provided at the end of the sleeve, and the flange is arranged along the axial direction of the sleeve. When the sleeve is inserted into the sleeve mounting hole, the flange is blocked by the card when the card is in the first position. When the sleeve is inserted into the sleeve mounting hole, the card allows the sleeve to pass through the through hole on the card when the card is in the second position.

[0013] Preferably, the card is integrally sheet-shaped, its side structure is matched with the guiding groove, its top end is higher than the sleeve mounting hole of the sight, and a finger groove is provided for finger pressing.

[0014] Preferably, the resilient piece is provided on the back of the card. The resilient piece is integrally L-shaped, its upper end is fixedly connected to the card and extends downward, and its lower end is a horizontal elastic arm.

[0015] Preferably, the elastic arm elastically abuts against the top end of the sight mounting hole.

[0016] Preferably, the through hole on the card is arranged as an inclined plane that slopes outward, and the outer edge of the flange is also formed as an inclined plane that slopes outward and cooperates with the inclined plane. During the process of installing the sleeve in the sleeve installation hole, as long as the sleeve is continuously pushed inward, the card will be driven to move downward against the elastic force of the elastic piece under the guiding action of the inclined plane and automatically make way for the installation path. After the sleeve is installed and positioned, since the front surface of the flange abuts against the end of the installation hole of the sighting device, and the rear surface cannot drive the card to move because of its flat shape, it can be firmly clamped on the sighting device. This facilitates the installation operation.

[0017] Preferably, the cover plate includes an installation part and a cover part. The installation part extends along the direction in which the installation hole extends. Its panel part extends along the up and down direction and forms a guiding groove with the end of the installation hole of the sighting device.

[0018] Preferably, after the sleeve is installed and positioned, since the front surface of the flange abuts against the end of the installation hole of the sighting device or the outer side surface of the cover plate, and the rear surface cannot drive the card to move because of its flat shape, it can be firmly clamped on the sighting device. This facilitates the installation operation.

[0019] Through the above design, this patent provides a universal aiming device applicable to both mother-and-child intramedullary nails and blade intramedullary nails, so as to improve the universality of various intramedullary nail fixation systems and ensure good working performance under the use of each type of intramedullary nail. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the embodiments of this specification. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of this patent for blade intramedullary nail;

[0022] Figure 2 Structural schematic diagram of this patent for mother-and-child nail intramedullary nail;

[0023] Figure 3 Structural schematic diagram of the threaded sleeve;

[0024] Figure 3A For Figure 3 right side view of;

[0025] Figure 3B For Figure 3 enlarged view of the circled part of;

[0026] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the combined sleeve;

[0027] Figure 4A is Figure 4 the right side view of;

[0028] Figure 4B is Figure 4 the partially enlarged view of;

[0029] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the insertion handle;

[0030] Figure 5A is Figure 5 the enlarged view of the circled part of;

[0031] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the proximal aiming device;

[0032] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the blade nail intramedullary nail;

[0033] Figure 7A is the top perspective view of the blade nail intramedullary nail;

[0034] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the parent - child nail intramedullary nail;

[0035] Figure 8A is the top perspective view of the parent - child nail intramedullary nail;

[0036] Figure 9 is the three - dimensional structure diagram of the aiming device;

[0037] Figure 10 is the front view of the card

[0038] Figure 10A is the side view of the card;

[0039] Figure 11 is the schematic diagram when the combined sleeve is inserted into the aiming device;

[0040] Figure 11A A, B, and C are the schematic diagrams of the process when the combined sleeve is inserted into the aiming device. Specific embodiments

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the following will, with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application, clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in this application without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] To facilitate the understanding of the embodiments of this application, the following will, with reference to the accompanying drawings, further explain and illustrate with specific embodiments, and the embodiments shall not constitute a limitation to the embodiments of this application.

[0043] In the treatment of femoral fractures, in some cases, an intramedullary nail needs to be implanted to fix the femur to promote bone healing. The intramedullary nail fixation system generally includes an intramedullary nail 9 and a blade intramedullary nail 10 (also known as the main intramedullary nail), as Figure 1 , Figure 2 shown. During the operation, the intramedullary nail is fixed to the end of the installation handle, and then the intramedullary nail is implanted into the femoral marrow downward from the longitudinal top of the greater trochanter of the femur, that is, the upper end of the greater trochanter of the femur when a person stands upright, by means of the installation handle and other installation tools.

[0044] Then, a tension screw intersecting with the intramedullary nail is installed with the sight on the installation handle. The intramedullary nail and the femur are fixed at the proximal end of the femur by the tension screw intersecting with the intramedullary nail, such as the blade tension screw 26 or the mother-son tension screws 29, 30, which generally extend along the direction of the femoral head. In this process, first, the tension screw needs to be aligned with the installation hole on the intramedullary nail through the sight, and the installation depth of the tension screw is measured. After drilling according to the measured depth, the blade nail or the mother-son nail is passed through the installation hole of the intramedullary nail through the drilled hole by means of the sight and the tool, and then the tension screw is fixed to the femur along the direction of the femoral head.

[0045] As described above, the tension screw generally includes a blade tension screw 26 with an outer contour in the shape of a spiral blade, and mother-son tension screws 29, 30 fixed by two mother-son screws. During use, as Figure 1 shown, the blade nail is passed through the through hole in the intramedullary nail 10, and the blade nail is screwed into the femur by operating the blade, thereby completing the fixation of the intramedullary nail system in the femur.

[0046] The mother-son tension screw generally has a mother nail and a son nail. During the fixation process, the mother nail is first fixed in the installation hole of the intramedullary nail 9, and then the son nail is installed into the hole of the intramedullary nail 9 to complete the installation of the mother-son nail.

[0047] Since the structure of the tension screw has a difference between the blade nail and the mother-and-son nail, the intramedullary nail in the intramedullary nail fixation system also varies with the different structures of the tension screw. Thus, the intramedullary nail fixation system can be divided into two categories: the blade intramedullary nail fixation system and the mother-and-son intramedullary nail fixation system.

[0048] In the intramedullary fixation system of the prior art, at the proximal end of the intramedullary nail in the blade intramedullary nail fixation system, a counterbore is provided, and a groove is provided at the edge of the counterbore. At the corresponding position where the insertion handle mates with the intramedullary nail, there is a convex block and an inner ring of card slots. The card slots are mated with the counterbore at the end of the intramedullary nail, and the convex block is mated with the groove on the intramedullary nail. Then, the blade nail intramedullary nail is fixed to the insertion handle by using a connecting screw. The proximal end of the mother-and-son nail intramedullary nail is designed with two shallow grooves, and the insertion handle mates with the intramedullary nail at two convex block designs. The convex blocks are mated with the two shallow grooves of the intramedullary nail, and then the mother-and-son nail intramedullary nail is fixed to the insertion handle by using a connecting screw.

[0049] In addition, at the position of the sight on the insertion handle, the sleeve of the blade tension screw is a threaded sleeve, which includes a threaded sleeve body and a fine-tuning nut. The fine-tuning nut is in threaded fit with the threaded sleeve body. In addition, there is an inner ring of card slots on the fine-tuning nut, and the corresponding position of the proximal sight is a clamping device designed with a shrapnel. During use, the fine-tuning nut of the threaded sleeve can be mated with the clamping device of the proximal sight to prevent it from retreating. The tension screw sleeve of the mother-and-son nail intramedullary nail is a combined sleeve. Since there are two through holes in its axial direction and its size is significantly larger than that of the threaded sleeve, the size of the tension screw aiming hole of the proximal sight of the mother-and-son nail intramedullary nail is larger than that of the tension screw aiming hole of the proximal sight of the blade nail intramedullary nail. In addition, there is an inner ring of shallow grooves on the combined sleeve, and the corresponding position of the proximal sight is designed with a screw. During use, after inserting the combined sleeve into the proximal sight, the screw is snapped into the shallow groove part of the combined sleeve to fix the combined sleeve.

[0050] Furthermore, there is a blade nail through hole in the axial direction of the threaded sleeves of the blade tension screw and the mother-and-son tension screw. During depth measurement, a guide pin drill sleeve can be inserted at the through hole. After adjusting the fine-tuning nut to the appropriate position and driving in the guide pin, the depth of the guide pin implanted into the bone is measured by using a special depth gauge. Select a suitable blade nail, and use the nail driver on the blade nail to drive the blade nail into the blade nail intramedullary nail through the threaded sleeve. There are two through holes for the mother-and-son nails in the axial direction of the combined sleeve. During depth measurement, insert the guide pin drill sleeve into the mother nail hole. After driving in the guide pin, measure the distance from the tip of the guide pin to the guide pin drill sleeve by using a special depth gauge. Then select a suitable specification of the mother nail, and use the corresponding nail driver to screw the mother nail into the mother nail hole of the mother-and-son nail intramedullary nail through the combined sleeve. Finally, select a suitable length of the son nail, and use a screwdriver to screw the son nail into the son nail hole of the mother-and-son nail intramedullary nail through the combined sleeve to the appropriate position.

[0051] In summary, due to their different structures, aiming methods, and implantation methods, the blade nail intramedullary nail and the mother-daughter nail intramedullary nail cannot use a unified insertion handle and aiming device clinically. This leads to greater limitations in surgical selection. This causes greater limitations in the doctor's choice of intramedullary nail during the operation, and the doctor can only select the corresponding intramedullary nail through preoperative planning, which may result in an inappropriate selection of the intramedullary nail, thereby affecting the doctor's operation time.

[0052] To overcome the above problems, the present specific embodiment provides a universal intramedullary nail fixation system to at least partially overcome the above defects in the prior art.

[0053] A universal intramedullary nail fixation system provided by this embodiment includes:

[0054] An insertion handle 1, which serves to operate the intramedullary nails 9 and 10 corresponding to the mother-daughter intramedullary nail 9 and the blade intramedullary nail 10 respectively, and is used for the human hand to hold during the process of inserting the intramedullary nails 9 and 10 into the femur and for human holding during other related operations. In this specific embodiment, the insertion handle is integrally in an n-shaped structure. An inlay sleeve is provided at the end of the one side arm of the insertion handle 1, and an inlay sleeve 11 forming a 5° angle with the intramedullary nail insertion reference plane, that is, Figure 5 the A surface shown, is included on the other side arm. The top end of the inlay sleeve is fixedly connected to the lower end of the insertion handle. Through the setting of the above angle, after the intramedullary nail is fixed to the insertion handle, since the upper end of the intramedullary nail has a 5° bending angle, the intramedullary nail can just be parallel to the A surface, which is beneficial for aiming and implantation operations.

[0055] The inlay sleeve 11 and the insertion handle are preferably integrally formed, and the bottom end of the inlay sleeve opens downward. Two convex blocks 13 are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the inlay sleeve. As Figures 7 - 8A shown, for the intramedullary nail, including the blade intramedullary nail and the mother-daughter intramedullary nail, two upward-opening grooves 16 are provided at the top end 15, and the grooves just cooperate with the two convex blocks 13 provided in the sleeve 11, and the two convex blocks can be accommodated in the grooves 16, so as to realize the relative fixation of the tension screw and the insertion handle in one direction.

[0056] A circle of card slots 12 is provided at the bottom end of the inlay sleeve, and the card slots cooperate with the top protrusions of the tension screws, including the blade nail and the mother-daughter nail, so as to limit the position of the tension screw in the sleeve at another position to accurately position the tension screw.

[0057] The top of the sleeve is open and is provided with a connecting screw 3. The connecting screw 3 is implanted through a through hole 14 provided on the insertion handle, passes through the sleeve, and its lower end engages with a through hole 17 provided at the top (proximal end) of the intramedullary nails 9 and 10, thereby fixing the intramedullary nails 9 and 10 to the insertion handle 1.

[0058] With the above structure, through the unified design of the mating structures at the tops of the two types of tension screws, the intramedullary nails, whether they are the intramedullary nails in the blade intramedullary nail system or the intramedullary nails in the mother - son intramedullary nail system, can be installed on the same type of insertion handle. Moreover, this connection method has a better fixing effect and higher positioning accuracy compared with each connection method in the prior art.

[0059] At the bottom end of the other side arm of the insertion handle 1, a proximal aiming device 2 is provided. The structure of the proximal aiming device is as Figure 6 shown. It includes a mounting part, which, as described above, abuts against the intramedullary nail insertion reference plane, i.e., plane A, and is fixedly installed on the insertion handle. At the upper end of the proximal aiming device, a tightening nut 4 is provided to fixedly connect the other side arm and the proximal aiming device 2, thus fixing the other side arm and the proximal aiming device 2 together. Preferably, a step is provided on the proximal aiming device. The A - surface of the other side arm fits with the corresponding plane of the step, and the end of the other side arm fits with another plane of the step. Thus, the shape of the contour of the operating handle and the aiming device has a relatively smooth transition both inside and outside, which is conducive to accurately positioning the proximal aiming device on the insertion handle. And because the outer surface of the insertion handle is relatively smooth, it is easy to operate and position during the implantation process.

[0060] In the middle of the proximal aiming device, there are two locking screw aiming holes 19, which respectively correspond to the locking screws 21 of the blade intramedullary nail fixation system and the mother - son intramedullary nail fixation system, and are respectively used to install the locking screws 21 into corresponding holes 20 on the intramedullary nail. In this specific embodiment, setting two aiming holes for the locking screws enables the blade intramedullary nail fixation system and the mother - son intramedullary nail fixation system to use the same aiming device when using the locking screws.

[0061] At the bottom end of the aiming device, there is a sleeve connection hole 18, which is used to connect with the sleeve corresponding to the tension screw. Among different types of tension screws, the blade tension screw corresponds to a threaded sleeve, while the mother - son tension screw corresponds to a combined sleeve. The tension screw is installed in the installation holes 27 and 31 of the corresponding intramedullary nail through the operation of the sleeve.

[0062] In the prior art, the most complex aspect is that the depth measurement and installation methods of the tension screws in the blade intramedullary nail fixation system and the mother-daughter intramedullary nail fixation system are different. When measuring the depth, the reference planes of the blade tension screw and the mother-daughter tension screw are different. Consequently, the structures, depth measurement, and installation methods of the thread sleeve and the combined sleeve of the blade intramedullary nail and the mother-daughter intramedullary nail are different. Also, in terms of the installation tools used, the blade intramedullary nail is usually implanted in the direction of the femoral head by hammering, while the mother-daughter intramedullary nail is implanted by rotating and screwing. Therefore, in this process, if a universal aiming device is to be achieved while ensuring sufficient installation accuracy for each type of intramedullary nail, it is a problem that needs to be considered.

[0063] In this specific embodiment, a thread sleeve is correspondingly provided in the blade intramedullary nail fixation system, and a combined sleeve is correspondingly provided in the mother-daughter intramedullary nail fixation system. In order to enable the thread sleeve of the blade tension screw and the combined sleeve of the mother-daughter tension screw to be fixed on the same aiming device, and more importantly, to be able to complete their respective positioning, depth measurement, and installation functions, the specific structure provided in this patent is as follows:

[0064] In this specific embodiment, the thread sleeve 5 includes a thread sleeve body 7 and a fine-tuning nut 8. One end of the sleeve body of the thread sleeve close to the fine-tuning nut 8 is provided with threads, and the fine-tuning nut 8 is connected to the threaded end of the sleeve body 7. The fine-tuning nut is used to adjust the reference plane for depth measurement when installing the blade tension screw to conform to the actual state. The thread sleeve is axially provided with a blade nail insertion hole 25 slightly along the thread sleeve body 7. The blade nail insertion hole 25 is a through hole, and the blade tension screw 26 can be implanted through the blade nail insertion hole into the blade nail hole 27 at the proximal end of the intramedullary nail 10 designed for the blade nail at the proximal end. The structure and working principle of the fine-tuning nut are structures that already exist in the prior art, so its detailed working method will not be elaborated in this specific embodiment.

[0065] In the connection component where the thread sleeve is connected to the aiming device 2, as Figure 3 shown, a flange 231 is provided between the fine-tuning nut 8 and the thread sleeve. The flange is arranged along the circumference of the sleeve. Through the combination of the flange 231 with the specific structure of the aiming device 2 in this specific embodiment (which will be described below), the positioning and aiming installation of the sleeve are realized.

[0066] In this specific embodiment, the structure of the combined sleeve is as Figure 4As shown, the combined sleeve includes a sleeve body and a sleeve. No adjusting nut is provided on the combined sleeve, which is determined by the installation method of the mother and son tension screws. The combined sleeve 6 is axially provided with a mother and son screw insertion hole 28, and the mother and son screw insertion hole 28 is a through hole. Corresponding instruments can be used to implant the mother and son screws 29, 30 through the mother and son screw insertion hole into the mother and son screw holes 31 at the proximal end of the intramedullary nail 10 designed for the mother and son screws at the proximal end. A flange 24 is also provided at the end of the sleeve of the combined sleeve, and the flange 24 is arranged along the circumference of the sleeve. By combining the flange 24 with the specific structure of the sight 2 in this specific embodiment (which will be described below), the positioning and aiming installation of the sleeve are achieved.

[0067] Due to the provision of the flange, in this specific embodiment, the threaded sleeve 23 and the combined sleeve 24 only need to be properly fixed to the sight 2 through the flange 231, that is, the installation of the blade tension screw and the mother and son tension screw can be achieved through the threaded sleeve 23 and the combined sleeve 24 accordingly. Therefore, in this specific embodiment, achieving a universal and stable connection between the card slot of the sleeve and the sight is a problem to be solved for universality and ensuring that the functions of various tension screws can be used. In this problem, it should be noted that since an adjusting nut is provided in the threaded sleeve and the combined sleeve does not involve an adjusting nut, the fixing method cannot affect the operation of measuring the depth of the corresponding fine-tuning nut. In addition, this fixing also needs to be convenient for disassembly and reliable in the fixed state.

[0068] To solve the above problems, the connection structure of the sight 2 provided in the specific embodiment of this patent is as follows:

[0069] At the lower end of the sight, corresponding to the sight described above, a sleeve installation hole is provided. The shape of the sleeve installation hole matches the shape of the threaded sleeve, that is, the shape of the combined sleeve near the end. When the threaded sleeve or the combined sleeve is inserted into the sight, due to the cooperation of the sleeve installation hole, the movement of the sleeve in two directions is restricted, and it can only slide in the installation hole along the axial direction of the sleeve.

[0070] In this way, only when fixing the sleeve, a corresponding structure needs to be set to axially fix the sleeve and the sight. When unlocking or installing the sleeve, a corresponding structure needs to be set to allow the relative sliding of the sleeve and the installation hole.

[0071] In this specific embodiment, a cover plate 201 is provided at the lower end of the sight. The cover plate includes an installation part and a cover part. The installation part extends along the extension direction of the installation hole, and its panel part extends along the up and down direction and forms a guide groove 202 with the end of the installation hole of the sight.

[0072] The guiding groove extends along the vertical direction, and both the top end and the bottom end of the guiding groove are closed. A card 22 is arranged in the guiding groove and can slide up and down along the sliding groove. Since both the top end and the bottom end of the guiding groove are closed, the card can only move within the guiding groove and cannot break out of the guiding groove.

[0073] The card 22 is in a sheet shape as a whole. The side structure thereof is matched with the guiding groove. Its top end is higher than the sleeve mounting hole of the sighting device, and a finger groove 221 is provided for finger pressing. On the back surface of the card, that is, the surface opposite to the mounting hole of the sighting device, a shrapnel 222 is arranged. The shrapnel is in an L shape as a whole. Its upper end 223 is fixedly connected to the card and extends downward. Its lower end 224 is a horizontal elastic arm, and the elastic arm elastically abuts against the top end of the mounting hole of the sighting device. Thus, when the card is pressed, the card moves downward in the guiding groove against the elastic force of the elastic arm. When the applied pressing force disappears, the card resets under the action of the elastic force of the elastic arm.

[0074] A through hole 225 is arranged on the card. The shape of the through hole matches the flange on the sleeve and is larger than the size of the sleeve mounting hole. When the card is in a natural state and the sleeve is inserted into the sleeve mounting hole, the bottom end of the through hole of the card blocks the flange, thus restricting the continuous insertion of the sleeve into the sighting device. At this time, if the sleeve needs to be installed, the finger groove above the card needs to be operated to press the card downward so as to allow the continuous insertion path of the sleeve.

[0075] At this time, since the flange cannot be inserted into the sleeve mounting hole, when the front end of the flange abuts against the outer side surface of the sleeve mounting hole, the front end of the sleeve is positioned in the sighting device. At this time, the operation of the finger groove is released, and the card returns to the free position. In this way, the front surface of the lower side of the card abuts against the rear surface of the flange, thereby realizing the front-back positioning of the flange. In this way, the sleeve is also front-back positioned and thus fixed to the sleeve as a whole.

[0076] In this way, the universal installation of the threaded sleeve and the mother-and-son sleeve is realized. Moreover, due to the fixing method of the flange, it does not affect the positioning operation of the fine-tuning nut in the threaded sleeve, so as to support the depth measurement and installation of the blade tightening screw.

[0077] Further preferably, in the present specific embodiment, the through hole on the card is provided as an inclined surface that slopes outward, and the outer edge of the flange is also formed as an inclined surface that slopes outward and cooperates with the inclined surface. In this way, when the sleeve is installed in the sleeve installation hole, as long as the sleeve is continuously pushed inward, the card will be driven to move downward against the elastic force of the elastic piece under the guiding action of the inclined surface and automatically yield the installation path. After the sleeve is installed and positioned, since the front surface of the flange abuts against the installation hole of the sight or the end of the outer side surface of the cover plate, and the rear surface cannot drive the card to move because of its flat shape, it can be firmly clamped on the sight. This facilitates the installation operation.

[0078] The above specific embodiment further details the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present application. It should be understood that the above is only the specific embodiment of the present application and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A general intramedullary nail fixation system, characterized in that, the system includes: an intramedullary nail, the intramedullary nail includes a blade intramedullary nail and a mother-and-son intramedullary nail, and two upwardly opening grooves are provided at the top of the intramedullary nail; an insertion handle, the insertion handle is generally in an n shape as a whole, a sleeve is provided at the end of one side arm of the insertion handle, an intramedullary nail insertion reference plane is provided on the other side arm, and the axis of the sleeve forms a 5° angle with the axis of the one side arm of the insertion handle; the sleeve cooperates with the top of the intramedullary nail; a fixing screw is further provided on the one side arm, and the fixing screw fixes the sleeve and the intramedullary nail; an aiming device, the aiming device is provided on the other side arm of the insertion handle, the upper end of the aiming device is in contact with the intramedullary nail insertion reference plane, and a sleeve mounting hole is provided at the lower end of the aiming device; a cover plate and a card are provided in the sleeve mounting hole, a guiding groove is formed between the cover plate and the sleeve mounting hole, the card is slidably arranged in the guiding groove, an elastic piece is provided on the card, and the elastic piece applies an elastic force to the card to hold the card in the first position in the guiding groove; a through hole is provided on the card, and the through hole is opposite to the sleeve mounting hole; when the card moves to at least the second position against the elastic force, the area where the through hole on the card coincides with the sleeve mounting hole is larger than the area where the through hole on the card coincides with the sleeve mounting hole at the first position; a sleeve, the sleeve includes a threaded sleeve and a combined sleeve, a flange is provided at the end of the sleeve, the flange is arranged along the axial direction of the sleeve, when the sleeve is inserted into the sleeve mounting hole, the flange is blocked by the card when the card is in the first position, and when the sleeve is inserted into the sleeve mounting hole, the card allows the sleeve to pass through the through hole on the card when the card is in the second position.

2. The general intramedullary nail fixation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the card is generally in a sheet shape as a whole, the side structure thereof is matched with the guiding groove, the top end thereof is higher than the sleeve mounting hole of the aiming device, and a finger groove is provided, which can be pressed by a finger.

3. The general intramedullary nail fixation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the elastic piece is provided on the back surface of the card, the elastic piece is generally in an L shape as a whole, the upper end thereof is fixedly connected with the card and extends downward, and the lower end thereof is a horizontal elastic arm.

4. The general intramedullary nail fixation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, the elastic arm elastically abuts against the top end of the aiming device mounting hole.

5. The general intramedullary nail fixation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The through hole on the card is provided as an inclined plane that slopes outward, and the outer edge of the flange is also formed as an inclined plane that slopes outward and mates with the inclined plane. When the sleeve is being installed in the sleeve installation hole, as long as the sleeve is continuously pushed inward, it will drive the card to move downward against the elastic force of the elastic piece under the guiding action of the inclined plane and automatically clear the installation path; when the sleeve is installed and positioned, since the front surface of the flange abuts against the end of the installation hole of the sight, and the rear surface cannot drive the card to move because of its flat shape, it can be firmly clamped on the sight.

6. A general intramedullary nail fixation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover plate includes an installation portion and a cover portion. The installation portion extends along the direction in which the installation hole extends, and its panel portion extends along the up and down direction and forms a guiding groove with the end of the installation hole of the sight.

7. A general intramedullary nail fixation system according to claim 1, characterized in that when the sleeve is installed and positioned, since the front surface of the flange abuts against the end of the installation hole of the sight or the outer side surface of the cover plate, and the rear surface cannot drive the card to move because of its flat shape, it is firmly clamped on the sight.

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