Water and sand rush blocking and escaping device and method of using the same

Abstract

The invention relates to a water and sand inrush blocking and escaping aid device and a method thereof. In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the water and sand inrush blocking and escaping aid device comprises a baffle and an upper partition wall, which are hinged through a horizontal shaft, the upper partition wall is fixed on a top plate of a matched roadway, a lower edge of the baffle is folded in a direction opposite to an escaping direction of the matched roadway, and the baffle is fixed on the top plate of the matched roadway through a pulley block and a pulley rope, after the lower edge of the baffle is released, the lower edge of the baffle can be pressed on a bottom plate of the matched roadway, the baffle divides the matched roadway into a blocking section and an escaping section, the baffle and the bottom plate of the escaping section form an acute angle, a high-pressure gas storage tank and a strip-shaped air bag are arranged on the baffle, the high-pressure gas storage tank and the strip-shaped air bag are communicated through an air charging pipe, and the air charging pipe is provided with an air charging valve. The invention is convenient to operate, can provide emergency safety for operating personnel, quickly evacuates and escapes to gain time, and effectively improves the survival probability of underground workers in the event of water and sand inrush accidents.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a water and sand inrush blocking and escape assisting device and a method of using the same. BACKGROUND

[0002] When mine shallow buried deep well roadway engineering is arranged under loose sedimentary strata, affected by the overlying loose sedimentary layer, potential water inrush and sand inrush into the well and roadway safety risk, especially when encountering concealed faults, fissures and other structures, often become water channels, causing water inrush and sand inrush. Once the roadway shows signs of water inrush and sand inrush, the operating personnel quickly evacuate. Due to the characteristics of water inrush and sand inrush, such as large potential energy, strong impact damage and great harm, whether the on-site construction personnel can successfully escape in danger after an accident depends largely on the evacuation speed. If the personnel evacuation speed is greater than the water and sand inrush flow speed, they can successfully escape and avoid danger, otherwise they will be swallowed by the water and sand flow, causing casualties.

[0003] A downhole water permeable isolation device is disclosed in the Chinese Utility Model Patent No. CN 2926505Y, which was authorized on July 25, 2007. When a water permeation accident occurs, the metal flap fixed on the support frame at the top of the roadway is put down to quickly form a barrier wall, leaving more time and space for the miners to escape, effectively reducing the threat to the safety of the miners' lives when the disaster occurs. There is inevitably a gap between the barrier wall of the device and the sidewall of the roadway, and the water blocking effect needs to be further improved.

[0004] A mine multifunctional refuge chamber protection wall is disclosed in the Chinese Utility Model Patent No. CN 203531960 U, which was authorized on April 9, 2014. The protection wall uses the structure of steel plate, frame and filler to play the role of explosion-proof. A small door is arranged on the main door, which has a complex structure and is inconvenient to disassemble and assemble.

[0005] A method for blocking water inrush of old empty water in a mine is disclosed in the Chinese Invention Patent No. CN 103982203 B, which was authorized on May 18, 2016. The invention uses a flexible water blocking air bag to block water. Due to the large volume, long inflation time and small inflation pressure, it is difficult to block water.

[0006] CN 108005719 B discloses a water inrush emergency water plugging wall device and its application method. The invention uses a large amount of gas to quickly expand the inflatable wall, and then a high-pressure water injection pump quickly injects water into the water-filled wall. The water inrush one-way valve on the working face of the water inrush wall allows the gushing water to also be injected into the water-filled wall, causing it to expand rapidly. The water wall continuously presses against the roadway, generating a large friction force, thereby achieving the effect of an emergency water plugging wall. The invention relies on a high-pressure water injection pump to inject water into it, and it requires a water source and a high-pressure water pump around it, limiting the installation environment. Most fatally, the water inrush often contains sand, gravel particles and other impurities. Once these impurities enter the water inrush one-way valve, it will inevitably cause the water inrush one-way valve to malfunction. This leads to the water in the water-filled wall leaking through the water inrush one-way valve, causing the water plugging wall to fail.

[0007] CN 112196620 A discloses a water inrush prevention and buffer device. It includes a fixing mechanism, a buffer door curtain, and a trigger mechanism. The fixing mechanism is fixed to the top of the roadway, the buffer door curtain is installed on the fixing mechanism, and the buffer door curtain is fixed from the bottom to the top through the fixing mechanism. The trigger mechanism is connected to the fixing mechanism and is fixed to the top of the roadway. The buffer door curtain includes multiple curtain bodies, each curtain body has a pocket on the lower part, and the length of each curtain body is higher than the height of the roadway. The buffer door curtain of the invention inevitably has gaps between the buffer door curtain and the sidewall of the roadway, and there are many gaps in the buffer door curtain itself. Although the structure is simple, the water blocking effect is limited. SUMMARY

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art and provide a water inrush and sand collapse blocking and escape assisting device with simple structure, tight combination with the sidewall of the roadway, good water blocking effect, fast inflation, and sufficient air pressure, as well as a method for using the device.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the water inrush and sand collapse blocking and escape assisting device includes a baffle, which is hingedly fixed to the roadway through a horizontal shaft. The length of the side edge of the baffle is greater than the height of the horizontal shaft. An upper partition is provided on the corresponding position of the roadway. The upper partition is fixed to the top plate of the roadway by anchor cables or anchor rods. The lower edge of the upper partition is hingedly connected to the upper edge of the baffle through the horizontal shaft, forming a folding structure. The lower edge of the baffle is folded in the opposite direction of the escape direction of the roadway, and is fixed to the top plate of the roadway by a pulley block and a pulley rope. When the lower edge of the baffle is released, it can be pressed against the bottom plate of the roadway. The baffle divides the roadway into a plugging section and an escape section. The baffle and the bottom plate of the escape section form an acute angle,

[0010] The baffle is further provided with a high-pressure air tank and a strip-shaped air bag. The high-pressure air tank is fixed on the baffle by a hoop. The baffle is provided with an embedded groove on each side. The two ends of the strip-shaped air bag are fixed in the embedded grooves. The middle section of the strip-shaped air bag is attached to the lower edge of the baffle. The high-pressure air tank is in communication with the strip-shaped air bag through an air charging pipe. The air charging pipe is provided with an air charging valve. The high-pressure air tank stores high-pressure air. When water inrush and sand inrush occur, the underground workers are quickly notified to evacuate the escape section of the associated roadway. After all the workers are evacuated from the blocking section, the pulley rope is untied. The pulley rope is used to quickly and smoothly control the lower edge of the baffle to fall onto the floor of the associated roadway. Then, the air charging valve is opened by the workers. The workers can quickly evacuate. The air in the high-pressure air tank is quickly charged into the strip-shaped air bag. The strip-shaped air bag is inflated and expanded. The gap between the baffle and the sidewalls of the associated roadway is blocked by the strip-shaped air bag. The lower edge of the baffle is also pressed on the floor of the associated roadway by the strip-shaped air bag. The gap between the baffle, the sidewalls and the floor of the associated roadway is completely filled with the strip-shaped air bag. The water inrush and sand inrush can be fully blocked.

[0011] As an optimization, the pulley block includes a pulley rope, a fixed pulley block, a movable pulley block and at least one deflection pulley. The fixed pulley block is fixed on the roof of the associated roadway. The movable pulley block is fixed on the middle section of the lower edge of the baffle. The sidewall of the escape section of the associated roadway is further provided with a fixing hook. The fixing hook is fixed on the sidewall anchor rod or anchoring net of the associated roadway. One end of the pulley rope is fixed on the fixed pulley block or the movable pulley block. The other end of the pulley rope is fixed on a hand ring after crossing the pulleys of the movable pulley block and the fixed pulley block and the deflection pulley in sequence. The hand ring can be hung on the fixing hook of the sidewall of the associated roadway. The structure is simple and the operation is convenient.

[0012] As an optimization, the baffle and the floor of the escape section form an acute angle of 70°. In use, the baffle blocks the water inrush and sand inrush in the blocking section. The water inrush and sand inrush press the baffle on the floor of the associated roadway. The use effect is good.

[0013] As an optimization, the baffle further includes a waterproof asbestos cloth. The upper edge of the waterproof asbestos cloth is fixed on the upper partition wall. The lower edge of the waterproof asbestos cloth is fixed on the baffle. The middle section covers the gap around the horizontal shaft. The gap around the folding structure of the horizontal shaft is blocked by the waterproof asbestos cloth. The water blocking effect is better.

[0014] The use method of the water inrush and sand inrush blocking and escape assisting device includes the following steps.

[0015] ①. In the roadway with the risk of water inrush and sand collapse and the roadway connected with the main roadway, the sidewall of the roadway where the baffle may pass through is trimmed at a suitable position - the exposed anchor rod head is cut off, the concrete mortar is sprayed on the sidewall or the vertical steel plate is installed, so that the sidewall of the roadway is vertical and the surface is free of protrusions, and then the water inrush and sand collapse blocking and escaping device is installed,

[0016] ②. When the water inrush and sand collapse sign appears in the working face or the adjacent roadway, the underground workers are quickly informed to evacuate and evacuate from the escape section of the matched roadway, after all the workers are evacuated from the blocking section, the last worker removes the hand ring with the pulley rope from the fixing hook and holds the hand ring, and the pulley rope is quickly released, so that the lower edge of the baffle quickly and smoothly falls on the floor of the matched roadway.

[0017] ③. Finally, the workers open the inflation valve, quickly evacuate, the air in the high-pressure gas storage tank is quickly filled into the strip-shaped inflatable bag, the strip-shaped inflatable bag is inflated and expanded, the gap between the baffle and the sidewall of the roadway is blocked by the strip-shaped inflatable bag, and the lower edge of the baffle is also pressed on the floor of the matched roadway by the strip-shaped inflatable bag, so that the water inrush and sand collapse is blocked in the blocking section and at least blocked in the escape section, so as to gain time for the workers to escape. In this way, the strip-shaped inflatable bag has a small diameter and a small amount of gas, the inflation valve can be quickly opened to fill sufficient gas, the strip-shaped inflatable bags on both sides are tightly clamped between the baffle and the sidewall of the roadway, the strip-shaped inflatable bag on the lower edge of the baffle is firmly pressed on the ground by the baffle, there is no unnecessary gap, and the water and sand blocking effect is good.

[0018] As an optimization, in the second step, the underground workers are informed to evacuate and evacuate from the escape section of the matched roadway, and at the same time, the personnel quickly remove part of the equipment below the baffle, so that the lower edge of the baffle falls to the ground. In this way, the lower edge of the baffle can be ensured to fall to the ground.

[0019] The water inrush and sand collapse blocking and escaping device and the use method thereof have simple principles, convenient operation, can provide emergency refuge for the workers, quickly evacuate and escape to gain time, and effectively improve the survival probability of the underground workers in the water inrush and sand collapse accident. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] The water inrush and sand collapse blocking and escaping device and the use method thereof will be further described below in combination with the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the water inrush and sand collapse blocking and escaping device of the present application installed in the matched roadway;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic view of the second step of the use method of the water inrush and sand collapse blocking and escaping device of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic view of the third step of the use method of the water inrush and sand collapse blocking and escaping device of the present application.

[0024] In the diagram: 1 is a baffle, 2 is a horizontal axis, 3 is an upper partition wall, 4 is a pulley rope, 5 is an escape section, 6 is a sealing section, 7 is a high-pressure gas tank, 8 is a strip-shaped inflatable bladder, 9 is an inflation pipe, 10 is an inflation valve, 11 is a sleeve, 12 is a fixed pulley block, 13 is a movable pulley block, 14 is a steering pulley, 15 is a hand ring, and 16 is a fixed hook. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Implementation method one: such as Figure 1 As shown, the water inrush and sand erosion prevention and escape device of the present invention includes a baffle 1, which is hinged and fixed to the corresponding roadway via a horizontal shaft 2. The device is characterized in that: the side length of the baffle 1 is greater than the height of the horizontal shaft 2 (the distance between the axis of the horizontal shaft 2 and the bottom plate of the roadway below it); an upper partition wall 3 is provided at a corresponding position in the corresponding roadway; the upper partition wall 3 is fixed to the top plate of the corresponding roadway (not shown in the figure) by anchor cables or anchor rods; the lower edge of the upper partition wall 3 is connected to the... The upper edge of the baffle 1 is hinged to the horizontal shaft 2 to form a hinge structure. The lower edge of the baffle 1 is folded in the opposite direction to the escape direction of the allocated roadway and is fixed to the top plate of the allocated roadway by a pulley block and its pulley rope 4. After the lower edge of the baffle is released, the lower edge of the baffle 1 can press against the bottom plate of the allocated roadway. The baffle 1 divides the allocated roadway into an escape section 5 and a blocking section 6. The baffle 1 and the bottom plate of the escape section 5 form an acute angle. The baffle 1 is preferably made of steel plate and I-beam or channel steel welded together.

[0026] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the baffle 1 is also provided with a high-pressure gas storage tank 7 and a strip-shaped inflatable bladder 8. The high-pressure gas storage tank 7 is fixed to the baffle 1 by a clamp. The baffle 1 has grooves on both sides. The two ends of the strip-shaped inflatable bladder 8 are fixed in the grooves, and the middle section is attached to the lower edge of the baffle. The high-pressure gas storage tank 7 and the strip-shaped inflatable bladder 8 are connected by an inflation pipe 9. The inflation pipe 9 is provided with an inflation valve 10. The high-pressure gas storage tank 7 contains high-pressure air.

[0027] The gap between the two sides of the baffle 1 and the sidewall of the roadway is controlled at 3-5 cm. After the strip-shaped airbag 8 is inflated, its diameter is preferably 8-10 cm.

[0028] The strip-shaped inflatable bladder is preferably made of fire-resistant asbestos cloth with an inner rubber lining.

[0029] The high-pressure gas storage tank 7 is also equipped with a gas filling pipe (not shown in the figure), and a one-way valve (not shown in the figure) is provided on the gas filling pipe to allow gas to be added to it. (Figure omitted).

[0030] Multiple sleeves 11 are provided on the lower edge of the upper partition wall 3 and the upper edge of the baffle 1, and the sleeves 11 are staggered and opposite to each other, and are together fitted on the horizontal axis 2.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the pulley system includes a pulley rope 4, a fixed pulley group 12, a movable pulley group 13, and at least one steering pulley 14. The fixed pulley group 12 is fixed to the top plate of the supporting tunnel, and the movable pulley group 13 is fixed to the middle section of the lower edge of the baffle 1. A fixing hook 16 is also provided on the side wall of the escape section 5 of the supporting tunnel. The fixing hook 16 is fixed to the sidewall anchor or anchoring net of the supporting tunnel. One end of the pulley rope 4 is fixed to the fixed pulley group 12 or the movable pulley group 13, and the other end passes sequentially over each pulley of the movable pulley group 13 and the fixed pulley group 12, as well as the steering pulley 14, and is then tied to a wristband 15. The wristband 15 can be hung on the fixing hook 16 on the side wall of the supporting tunnel. The baffle 1 forms a 70° acute angle with the bottom plate of the escape section 5. The shape of the upper partition wall 3 corresponds to the shape of the top plate of the supporting tunnel. Figures 1-3 The upper middle partition wall 3 is a semi-circular partition board, but it can also be trapezoidal, to be continued.

[0032] The present invention also includes a waterproof asbestos cloth, the upper edge of which is fixed to the upper partition wall 3, the lower edge of which is fixed to the baffle 1, and the middle section of which covers the gaps of the horizontal axis 2 and its surrounding area (figure omitted).

[0033] The method of using the water inrush and sandstorm blocking and escape aid device of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0034] ①. In the roadway at the risk of sudden water inrush and sand collapse and in the appropriate location of the roadway connected to the main roadway, the sidewall of the roadway through which the baffle 1 may pass is repaired - the exposed anchor bolt heads of the sidewall are cut off, concrete mortar is sprayed on the sidewall or vertical steel plates are installed, so that the sidewall of the roadway is vertical and the surface is free of protrusions, and then the aforementioned water inrush and sand collapse blocking and escape aid device is installed.

[0035] ②. When signs of sudden water and sand collapse appear at the working face or in its adjacent roadway, immediately notify the underground workers to evacuate to the escape section of the designated roadway. After all workers have evacuated the blocked section, the last worker should remove the hand ring 15 with the pulley rope 4 from the fixed hook 16, hold the hand ring 15, and quickly release the pulley rope 4, so that the lower edge of the baffle falls quickly and smoothly onto the floor of the designated roadway. Figure 2 As shown.

[0036] ③ Finally, after the staff opens the inflation valve, they quickly evacuate. Air from the high-pressure storage tank 7 rapidly fills the strip-shaped inflation bag 8. The strip-shaped inflation bag 8 inflates, sealing the gap between the baffle 1 and the side walls of the tunnel. The lower edge of the baffle 1 is also pressed against the floor of the tunnel by the strip-shaped inflation bag, blocking the sudden water and sand inrush at the sealing section 6, at least preventing it from entering the escape section 5, thus buying time for the staff to escape. Figure 3 As shown.

[0037] In the second step, the underground workers are informed to evacuate the escape section 5 of the distribution roadway while the equipment under the baffle 1 (if any) is removed so that the baffle 1 falls down: if there is a belt conveyor (not shown in the figure), the adjacent belt conveyor is removed, leaving only the belt on the ground, and if there is a mine car or other equipment (not shown in the figure), the mine car needs to be moved away from the corresponding area.

Claims

1. A device for preventing and assisting escape from sudden water and sandstorms, comprising a baffle plate, the baffle plate being hinged and fixed to the corresponding roadway via a horizontal shaft, characterized in that: The side length of the baffle is greater than the height of the horizontal axis. An upper partition wall is installed at a corresponding position in the corresponding tunnel. This upper partition wall is fixed to the top plate of the tunnel by anchor cables or anchor rods. The lower edge of the upper partition wall is hinged to the upper edge of the baffle via the horizontal axis, forming a hinge structure. The lower edge of the baffle is folded in the opposite direction to the escape direction of the tunnel and is fixed to the top plate of the tunnel by a pulley block and its pulley rope. After the lower edge of the baffle is released, it can press against the bottom plate of the tunnel. The baffle divides the tunnel into a blocking section and an escape section, with the baffle forming an acute angle with the bottom plate of the escape section. The baffle also includes a high-pressure gas tank and a strip-shaped inflatable bladder. The high-pressure gas tank is fixed to the baffle by a clamp. The baffle has grooves on both sides, and the two ends of the strip-shaped inflatable bladder are fixed in these grooves, with its middle section attached to the lower edge of the baffle. The high-pressure gas tank and the strip-shaped inflatable bladder are connected by an inflation pipe equipped with an inflation valve. The high-pressure gas tank contains high-pressure air. The pulley system includes a pulley rope, a fixed pulley system, a movable pulley system, and at least one steering pulley. The wheel assembly is fixed to the top plate of the designated tunnel. The movable pulley assembly is fixed to the middle section of the lower edge of the baffle. The side wall of the escape section of the designated tunnel is also equipped with a fixing hook, which is fixed to the side anchor or anchoring net of the designated tunnel. One end of the pulley rope is fixed to the fixed pulley assembly or the movable pulley assembly, and the other end passes through each pulley of the movable pulley assembly and the fixed pulley assembly and the steering pulley in sequence, and is fixed to the wristband. The wristband can be hung on the fixing hook on the side wall of the designated tunnel. The baffle and the bottom plate of the escape section form a 70° acute angle.

2. The water inrush and sand erosion blocking and escape aid device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a waterproof asbestos cloth, the upper edge of which is fixed to the upper partition wall, the lower edge of which is fixed to the baffle, and the middle section of which covers the gaps of the horizontal axis and its periphery.

3. A method of using a device for preventing and assisting escape from sudden floods and sandstorms, comprising the following steps: ①. In suitable locations within roadways at risk of sudden water inrush and sand collapse, and in roadways connecting to the main roadway, the sidewalls of the roadways through which the baffle may pass should be repaired—exposed anchor bolt heads should be cut off, and concrete mortar should be sprayed onto the sidewalls or vertical steel plates should be installed, ensuring the roadway sidewalls are vertical and free of protrusions. Then, the sudden water inrush and sand collapse prevention and escape aid device as described in claim 1 or 2 should be installed. ②. When signs of sudden water and sand collapse appear at the working face or in its adjacent roadway, immediately notify the underground workers to evacuate to the escape section of the allocated roadway. After all workers have evacuated the blocked section, the last worker should remove the handrail with the pulley rope from the fixed hook, hold the handrail, and quickly release the pulley rope so that the lower edge of the baffle can quickly and smoothly fall onto the floor of the allocated roadway. ③ Finally, after the staff opens the inflation valve, they quickly evacuate. The air in the high-pressure storage tank is rapidly filled into the strip-shaped airbag. The strip-shaped airbag inflates and expands, sealing the gap between the baffle and the side walls of the tunnel. The lower edge of the baffle is also pressed against the floor of the tunnel through the strip-shaped airbag, blocking the sudden water and sand inrush at the sealed section, at least preventing it from entering the escape section, thus buying time for the staff to escape.

4. The method of using the water inrush and sand erosion blocking and escape aid device according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 2, while notifying the underground workers to evacuate to the escape section of the assigned roadway, personnel should be quickly organized to remove some of the equipment below the baffle so that the lower edge of the baffle can fall to the ground.

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