A blade monitoring method, system and monitoring device for a wind turbine

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of wind power generation technology, and more specifically, to a blade monitoring method, system, and monitoring device for a wind turbine. The system includes multiple monitoring devices, a main controller and a first power module located within a nacelle, the main controller being communicatively connected to the multiple monitoring devices; the first power module being electrically connected to the multiple monitoring devices and the main controller; and the monitoring device including a closed multi-turn coil assembly and a conductor. The monitoring device is mounted on the side of the blade bottom near the tower, the closed multi-turn coil assembly being communicatively connected to the main controller via the conductor. The closed multi-turn coil assembly utilizes a circular multi-turn coil and / or a rectangular multi-turn coil. The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems of existing blade monitoring systems, such as the tendency to make misjudgments, resulting in low monitoring reliability, and the excessive size and inconvenience of maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, and in particular to a blade monitoring method, system and monitoring device for a wind turbine generator set. Background Art

[0002] As the capacity of single wind turbines becomes larger and larger, the blades used in wind turbines are also getting longer and longer, and the risk of blade deformation and tower sweeping is higher. In recent years, accidents of blades sweeping the tower of large-capacity wind turbines have occurred frequently. Effectively detecting the distance between blades and towers has become a technical problem that must be overcome for large-capacity wind turbines.

[0003] In the existing technology, the technical means of detecting the distance between the blade and the tower through ultrasonic technology has been widely used. However, in weather conditions such as sandstorms, haze, and rain, the ultrasonic detection device is prone to misjudgment, causing unnecessary and frequent shutdowns of wind turbines, affecting power generation and causing misjudgment of tower scanning. It is also difficult to accurately judge if a blade hits the tower in weather conditions such as sandstorms, haze, and rain.

[0004] Patent publication number CN113217304A discloses a wind turbine blade clearance monitoring system and method based on the eddy current effect. The system includes an eddy current sensor, a sensor base, a ring track, blade tip metal, and a power supply. The eddy current sensor is slidably mounted on the ring track via the sensor base. The ring track is horizontally mounted on the tower. The blade tip is at its lowest position, at the same height as the ring track. A drive mechanism is disposed between the sensor base and the ring track. The power supply supplies power to the eddy current sensor and the drive mechanism. The above structure solves the problem of using eddy current sensors to monitor blade clearance, improve monitoring effectiveness, and ensure safe operation of the unit. However, it requires the addition of a detection metal at the blade tip. Furthermore, the monitoring equipment is too large, the installation process is complex, and maintenance is inconvenient. Therefore, a method, system, and monitoring device for wind turbine blades are provided. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a blade monitoring method, system and monitoring device for a wind turbine generator set, so as to solve the problems in the background technology that the existing blade monitoring system is prone to misjudgment resulting in low monitoring reliability and is too large in size and inconvenient for maintenance.

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a blade monitoring system for a wind turbine generator set, wherein the system includes multiple monitoring devices, the system includes a main controller and a first power supply module arranged in a nacelle, the main controller is communicatively connected to the multiple monitoring devices; the first power supply module is electrically connected to the multiple monitoring devices and the main controller respectively; the monitoring device includes a closed multi-turn coil assembly and a wire, the monitoring device is installed on the side of the bottom of the blade close to the tower, the closed multi-turn coil assembly is communicatively connected to the main controller via the wire, and the closed multi-turn coil assembly adopts a circular multi-turn coil and / or a rectangular multi-turn coil.

[0007] Furthermore, a shielding layer is provided outside the wire, one end of the wire is grounded, and the number of the monitoring devices is consistent with the number of blades of the wind turbine body.

[0008] Furthermore, the monitoring device is embedded in the surface of the blade, and the monitoring surface is flush with the surface of the blade.

[0009] Furthermore, the monitoring device is also provided with a lightning protection device.

[0010] The present invention also provides a blade monitoring method for a wind turbine generator system, comprising the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: Install a monitoring device electrically connected to the nacelle at the tip of each blade of the wind turbine;

[0012] Step 2: During the operation of the wind turbine, the monitoring device detects the distance to the tower and transmits the detection signal to the nacelle to obtain the clearance distance of each blade;

[0013] Step 3: Based on the comparison between the clearance distance of each blade and the clearance distance threshold, determine whether the clearance distance of the blade is safe;

[0014] Step 4: Control the pitch system based on the clearance distance of each blade.

[0015] The present invention also provides a monitoring device applied to a blade monitoring system, the monitoring device comprising a monitoring device body, a probe and a second power supply module, the two sides of the probe are fixedly connected to a first lightning protection device, the two sides of the second power supply module are fixedly connected to a second lightning protection device, the inner sides of the first lightning protection device and the second lightning protection device are both provided with a plurality of limit blocks, the monitoring device body is provided with a limit groove that is engaged with the plurality of limit blocks, the bottom of the probe is provided with a power supply interface, the second power supply module is provided with a power connector that matches the power supply interface, and the first lightning protection device and the second lightning protection device are both threadedly connected to the monitoring device body.

[0016] Furthermore, the probe includes a closed multi-turn coil and a shielding coil, the power connector is connected to a wire, and multiple shockproof components are provided on both sides of the plurality of limiting grooves, and the shockproof components are shock-absorbing springs.

[0017] The present invention also provides a blade, comprising a monitoring device.

[0018] The present invention also provides an electronic device, which includes: a processor and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; wherein the memory stores instructions that can be executed by the processor, and the instructions are executed by the processor so that the processor can perform the steps of the blade monitoring method.

[0019] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a program for implementing the blade monitoring method is stored. The program for implementing the safety detection method is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the blade monitoring method.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0021] 1. This invention embeds a lightning-proof metal detection device at the blade tip to determine whether the distance between the blade tip and the tower is abnormal. The action node of the metal detection device is connected to the main controller of the wind turbine. If the blade clearance distance is abnormal, the blade can be quickly controlled to return to the slurry-smoothing state, ensuring the reliability of the system's blade clearance monitoring.

[0022] 2. The metal monitoring device of the present invention can be stably installed inside the blade, and its probe part and wire part are easy to disassemble and install. If the monitoring device fails, it is easy to repair and replace the monitoring device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a blade monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A flow chart of a blade monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a wind turbine body provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic flow chart of a blade monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 A front view of a monitoring device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Icons: 1-nacelle, 2-blade, 3-tower, 4-monitoring device body, 5-probe, 6-second power supply module, 7-first lightning protection device, 8-second lightning protection device, 9-limit block, 10-limit slot, 11-power interface, 12-power connector, 13-wire, 14-shock-absorbing spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent figures. It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the figures, or the orientation or position relationship in which the invented product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] Please see Figures 1 to 3 As shown, Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the blade monitoring system provided by the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a blade monitoring system for a wind turbine generator system, the system including multiple monitoring devices, the system including a main controller and a first power module arranged in a nacelle 1, the main controller and the multiple monitoring devices are communicatively connected; the first power module is electrically connected to the multiple monitoring devices and the main controller respectively; the monitoring device includes a closed multi-turn coil assembly and a wire 13, the monitoring device is installed on the side of the bottom of the blade 2 close to the tower 3, the closed multi-turn coil assembly is communicatively connected to the main controller through the wire 13, and the closed multi-turn coil assembly adopts a circular multi-turn coil and / or a rectangular multi-turn coil.

[0034] In the above structure, if Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The flow chart of the blade monitoring system provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring device can adopt the existing differential detection circuit, self-excited oscillation detection circuit, energy consumption detection circuit and balance detection circuit and other control circuits to connect with the main controller signal, the main controller can adopt the existing data processing chip such as single chip microcomputer, the main controller can control the pitch control system of blade 2 to control blade 2, when blade 2 drives the monitoring device to rotate, the monitoring device identifies the distance of the metal outside the tip of blade 2, the identified metal is the metal material such as iron used in the tower 3 shell, and the detected distance is transmitted to the main controller, the main controller is preset with a safe clearance threshold of blade 2, if the clearance distance is normal, the wind turbine will operate normally, if any monitoring device detects that the clearance distance is abnormal, the main controller sends a command to the pitch control system according to the current operating status of the wind turbine to control the blade 2 to return to the pitch.

[0035] Preferably, a shielding layer is provided outside the wire 13 , one end of the wire 13 is grounded, and the number of the monitoring devices is consistent with the number of the blades 2 of the wind turbine body.

[0036] In the above structure, since the deformation degree of the blades 2 of the wind turbine body may be different, a monitoring device is provided at the bottom of the tip of each blade 2 to avoid inaccurate information fed back by a single monitoring device.

[0037] Preferably, the monitoring device is embedded in the surface of the blade 2, and the monitoring surface is flush with the surface of the blade 2. The monitoring device is also covered with a lightning protection device.

[0038] In the above structure, by completely installing the monitoring device inside the blade 2 and simultaneously installing an existing lightning protection device on the outside, the monitoring device can be prevented from being damaged by the external environment, thereby extending the service life of the monitoring device.

[0039] Working principle: During the operation of the wind turbine, the monitoring device rotates with the blade 2. When the blade 2 sweeps across the tower 3, the monitoring device obtains the clearance distance of the blade 2 based on the basic measurement principle of Faraday electromagnetic induction and transmits it to the main controller. The main controller compares the received clearance distance with the clearance distance threshold. If it is determined that the distance between the monitoring device and the tower 3 is above the safe clearance distance, the wind turbine operates normally; if the distance between the monitoring device and the tower 3 is lower than the safe clearance distance, the main controller controls the pitch control system, and the pitch control system controls the blade 2 to execute the reversal, so that the blade 2 returns to its normal shape. The overall system has strong anti-interference ability and will not be affected by the external environment.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a flow chart of a blade monitoring method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The present invention also provides a blade 2 monitoring method for a wind turbine, comprising the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: Install a monitoring device electrically connected to the nacelle 1 at the tip of each blade 2 of the wind turbine;

[0042] Step 2: During the operation of the wind turbine, the monitoring device detects the distance to the tower 3 and transmits the detection signal to the nacelle 1 to obtain the clearance distance of each blade 2;

[0043] In step 2, when the wind turbine is running, the pitch system is in an open pitch state, and the windward surface of the blade 2 is deformed by the wind. The clearance distance of the blade 2 is the geometric distance from the tip of the wind turbine blade 2 to the surface of the tower 3 during operation. When the blade 2 passes near the tower 3, this distance reaches a minimum value. After the monitoring device is energized with the nacelle 1 through the wire 13, an alternating magnetic field will be generated in the space around the closed multi-turn coil of the monitoring device. When the blade 2 sweeps over the tower 3 during rotation, the closed multi-turn coil transmits the magnetic field value it detects to the nacelle 1, and the calculation of the clearance distance of the blade 2 is realized through analysis and processing by the main controller in the nacelle 1.

[0044] Step 3: Based on the comparison between the clearance distance of each blade 2 and the clearance distance threshold, determine whether the clearance distance of the blade 2 is safe;

[0045] In step 3, the blade 2 clearance threshold represents the lower limit value for executing pitch control. If the clearance distance of any blade 2 is less than the clearance threshold, a command is sent to the pitch control system to prevent the blade 2 from sweeping the tower.

[0046] Step 4: Control the pitch system according to the clearance distance of each blade 2.

[0047] In step 4, when the clearance distance of blade 2 is abnormal, pitch adjustment is required to achieve effective control of the rotational speed of blade 2. In this embodiment, the control of the pitch system is based on the clearance distance of multiple blades 2 as input. During the actual operation of the wind turbine, the clearance distance of each blade 2 will serve as the basis for the pitch system to execute pitch adjustment.

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5The present invention further provides a structural schematic diagram of a monitoring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The present invention further provides a monitoring device applied to a blade monitoring system, wherein the monitoring device comprises a monitoring device body 4, a probe 5 and a second power supply module 6, and the two sides of the probe 5 are fixedly connected with a first lightning protection device 7, and the two sides of the second power supply module 6 are fixedly connected with a second lightning protection device 8. The inner sides of the first lightning protection device 7 and the second lightning protection device 8 are both provided with a plurality of limit blocks 9, and the inner side of the monitoring device body 4 is provided with a limit groove 10 engaged with the plurality of limit blocks 9, and the bottom of the probe 5 is provided with a power interface 11, and the second power supply module 6 is provided with a power connector 12 matching the power interface 11, and the first lightning protection device 7 and the second lightning protection device 8 are both threadedly connected to the monitoring device body 4.

[0049] In the above structure, the first lightning protection device 7 and the second lightning protection device 8 adopt existing lightning arresters, which are embedded in the outer surfaces on both sides of the monitoring device body 4. The power connector 12 is electrically connected to the wire 13. The monitoring device body 4 and the probe 5 and the second power module 6 are connected in a detachable manner. The monitoring device body 4 is fixedly installed inside the blade 2. During daily operation and maintenance work, the probe 5 and the second power module 6 can be installed and disassembled without disassembling the blade 2.

[0050] The installation method is to pre-embed the monitoring device body inside the blade 2, insert the probe 5 into the interior of the monitoring device body 4 through the first lightning protection device 7, so that the limit block 9 and the limit groove 10 are engaged, and then insert the second power supply module 6 into the interior of the monitoring device body in the same way through the second lightning protection device 8, so that the power interface 11 and the power connector 12 of the probe 5 are connected, and the power interface 11 and the power connector 12 are energized by magnetic electrical connection, and finally the first lightning protection device 7 and the second lightning protection device 8 are further fixed with bolts.

[0051] Preferably, the probe 5 includes a closed multi-turn coil and a shielding coil, the power connector 12 is also connected to a wire 13, and multiple shockproof components are provided on both sides of the plurality of limiting grooves 10, and the shockproof components are shock-absorbing springs 14.

[0052] In the above structure, since the blades 2 generate large vibrations when rotating during the operation of the wind turbine, the shock-absorbing spring 14 buffers the vibrations, thereby preventing the monitoring device from being damaged and prolonging its service life.

[0053] It should be noted that, since the minimum clearance distance of blade 2 requires analysis of the impact of wind speed changes on the deformation of blade 2, the minimum clearance distances of different blades 2 are different under different wind speeds. Therefore, the number of turns and the detection range of the closed multi-turn coil should be selected according to the specific clearance threshold of the wind turbine. The detection distance range of the monitoring device needs to be determined according to the distance range between the tip of the blade 2 and the tower 33 when the blade 2 is at the deformation limit, so as to avoid the monitoring device being unable to perform monitoring work when the blade 2 is at the deformation limit or even cracked.

[0054] The present invention further provides a blade, wherein the blade 2 includes a monitoring device, and the blade 2 is also applied to the blade monitoring method and / or blade monitoring system of the wind turbine set provided in this embodiment.

[0055] The present invention also provides an electronic device, which includes: a processor and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; wherein the memory stores instructions that can be executed by the processor, and the instructions are executed by the processor so that the processor can perform the steps of the blade monitoring method.

[0056] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a program for implementing the blade monitoring method is stored. The program for implementing the safety detection method is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the blade monitoring method.

[0057] It should be noted that the closed multi-turn coil, wind turbine body, pitch control system, etc. in the present invention are all mature conventional technologies in the existing technology. Those skilled in the art can realize the application of the present invention based on the principles of the same functions in the existing technology. This part is not the innovation point of the present invention.

[0058] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A blade monitoring system for a wind turbine, characterized in that: The system includes multiple monitoring devices, including a main controller and a first power module located in the nacelle, wherein the main controller is communicatively connected to the multiple monitoring devices; the first power module is electrically connected to the multiple monitoring devices and the main controller respectively; the monitoring device includes a closed multi-turn coil and a conductor, and is mounted on the side of the blade bottom near the tower; The monitoring device includes a monitoring device body, a probe and a second power supply module, the two sides of the probe are fixedly connected to the first lightning protection device, the two sides of the second power supply module are fixedly connected to the second lightning protection device, the inner sides of the first lightning protection device and the second lightning protection device are both provided with a number of limit blocks, the monitoring device body is provided with a limit groove that is clamped with the several limit blocks, the bottom of the probe is provided with a power interface, the second power supply module is provided with a power connector that matches the power interface, the power connector is connected to a wire, and the first lightning protection device and the second lightning protection device are both threadedly connected to the monitoring device body; the probe includes a closed multi-turn coil and a shielding coil, the closed multi-turn coil assembly is communicatively connected to the main controller via a wire, and the closed multi-turn coil assembly adopts a circular multi-turn coil and / or a rectangular multi-turn coil; multiple shock-proof components are provided on both sides of the limit groove that is clamped with the several limit blocks, and the shock-proof components are shock-absorbing springs; After the monitoring device is powered on by wires to the cabin, an alternating magnetic field is generated in the space around the enclosed multi-turn coil. When the blades sweep across the tower position during rotation, the enclosed multi-turn coil transmits the detected magnetic field value to the cabin, and the main controller in the cabin analyzes and processes it to calculate the blade clearance distance.

2. The blade monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shielding layer is provided outside the wire, one end of the wire is grounded, and the number of the monitoring devices is consistent with the number of blades of the wind turbine body.

3. The blade monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring device is embedded in the surface of the blade, and the monitoring surface is flush with the surface of the blade.

4. The blade monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The monitoring device is also provided with a lightning protection device.

5. A blade monitoring method for a wind turbine, characterized in that: The blade monitoring system for a wind turbine generator system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 comprises the following steps: Step 1: Install a monitoring device electrically connected to the nacelle at the tip of each blade of the wind turbine; Step 2: During the operation of the wind turbine, the monitoring device detects the distance to the tower and transmits the detection signal to the nacelle to obtain the clearance distance of each blade; Step 3: Based on the comparison between the clearance distance of each blade and the clearance distance threshold, determine whether the clearance distance of the blade is safe; Step 4: Control the pitch system based on the clearance distance of each blade.

6. A blade, characterized in that: The invention comprises the blade monitoring system for a wind turbine generator set as claimed in claim 1.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device includes: a processor and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the processor, and the instructions are executed by the processor to enable the processor to perform the steps of the blade monitoring method described in claim 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a program for implementing the blade monitoring method, and the program for implementing the blade monitoring method is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the blade monitoring method described in claim 5.

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