A domestic waste treatment device

Abstract

This application relates to a domestic waste treatment device in the field of domestic waste treatment. It includes a furnace body. There is a feed inlet at the top of the furnace body, and a slag discharge port at the bottom of the furnace body. Above the slag discharge port of the furnace body, there is a pyrolysis device for pyrolyzing waste. The furnace body includes an inner furnace and an outer furnace. There is a secondary combustion chamber between the inner furnace and the outer furnace. Along the circumference of the inner furnace above the pyrolysis device, a number of diversion ports communicating with the secondary combustion chamber are provided. The top of the secondary combustion chamber is connected to a first blower for guiding flue gas to the external environment. This application improves the combustion efficiency of waste and reduces the generation of flue gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of domestic waste treatment, and particularly to a domestic waste treatment device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of China's social economy, the acceleration of the urbanization process, and the rapid improvement of people's living standards, the amount of waste generated in the process of urban production and life has increased rapidly. The situation that domestic waste occupies land, pollutes the environment, and affects people's health has become more obvious. The large increase in urban domestic waste has made waste treatment more and more difficult, and environmental pollution and other problems have gradually attracted wide attention from all sectors of society.

[0003] Domestic waste can generally be divided into four categories: recyclable waste, kitchen waste, hazardous waste, and other waste. The commonly used waste treatment methods mainly include comprehensive utilization, sanitary landfill, incineration, and composting.

[0004] The incineration method is a method of placing waste in a high-temperature furnace to fully oxidize the combustible components therein. However, in the batch feeding process of the pre-improved high-temperature furnace, it will cause problems such as slow temperature rise in the furnace and low combustion efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a domestic waste treatment device, and its advantage is that the temperature in the furnace is more stable and the combustion efficiency of the waste is improved.

[0006] A domestic waste treatment device provided by this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A domestic waste treatment device includes a furnace body. There is a feeding port at the top of the furnace body, a slag discharge port at the bottom of the furnace body, and a pyrolysis device for pyrolyzing waste is arranged above the slag discharge port of the furnace body. The furnace body includes an inner furnace and an outer furnace. A secondary combustion chamber is arranged between the inner furnace and the outer furnace. A plurality of diversion ports communicating with the secondary combustion chamber are opened along the circumference of the inner furnace above the pyrolysis device. The top of the secondary combustion chamber is connected with a first blower for guiding the flue gas to the external environment.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, during the process of burning waste in the furnace body, the first blower starts. Under the action of negative pressure, the flue gas in the inner furnace enters the secondary combustion chamber through the diversion ports. Some substances in the flue gas will continue to burn in the secondary combustion chamber, thereby reducing the generation of harmful substances. Moreover, the temperature of the flue gas burning in the secondary combustion chamber will also be transferred to the inner furnace by heat conduction, ensuring a stable incineration temperature in the inner furnace. Even when the waste is added in batches, the temperature change in the inner furnace is small, ensuring the incineration efficiency of the waste and reducing the fluctuation of the flue gas volume.

[0009] Preferably, the secondary combustion chamber is provided with at least two layers of annular cavities, and communication ports are provided between adjacent annular cavities, and the adjacent communication ports are arranged staggeredly.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the arrangement of multiple annular cavities makes the high-temperature flue gas flow more slowly in the secondary combustion chamber, and the flue gas can burn sufficiently in the high-temperature environment, thereby reducing the generation of harmful substances. Moreover, the annular flow of the high-temperature flue gas also makes the flue gas distribution more uniform and the heat transfer efficiency higher.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of partition plates are arranged in the inner furnace from the top to the bottom of the inner furnace, and the inner furnace is divided into a plurality of primary combustion chambers. The number of the feed ports is the same as the number of the primary combustion chambers, and they are arranged at the tops of the primary combustion chambers.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, on the one hand, the arrangement of the partition plates reduces the concentrated combustion of garbage. During the combustion process of one primary combustion chamber, the temperature of the furnace body is relatively high. At this time, adding garbage to another primary combustion chamber reduces the process of garbage heating up and improves the combustion efficiency of the garbage.

[0013] Preferably, a flue gas passage is arranged in the partition plate. The bottom of the flue gas passage is communicated with the secondary combustion chamber, and a plurality of flue gas inlets are arranged on both sides of the flue gas passage facing the primary combustion chamber.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, while the primary combustion chamber incinerates garbage, part of the flue gas will flow upward. With the operation of the first fan, under the action of negative pressure, the air flow in the primary combustion chamber will be driven, and thus the flue gas located at the top will be driven to enter the secondary combustion chamber through the flue gas inlet, reducing the risk of the flue gas being discharged through the feed port and polluting the external environment.

[0015] Preferably, a turning plate is arranged in each primary combustion chamber and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the inner furnace for receiving garbage and guiding the flue gas to the flue gas inlet. A driving motor for driving the turning plate to rotate is arranged outside the furnace body.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, after the garbage feeding stops, the staff can rotate the turning plate and close the channel of the feed port. On the one hand, the flue gas generated by the garbage combustion will be more easily guided into the flue gas inlet under the guidance of the turning plate; on the other hand, the staff can pour the garbage into the feed port and store it on the turning plate. The staff can control the rotation of the turning plate according to the combustion efficiency of the furnace body and pour the garbage into the furnace body, so that the timing control efficiency is higher.

[0017] Preferably, an auxiliary combustion gas inlet communicated with the flue gas passage is arranged outside the furnace body.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when the first fan is started, although the air in the furnace body is driven into the secondary combustion chamber under the action of negative pressure, which is conducive to the complete combustion of the flue gas, the combustion in the primary combustion chamber will also consume the combustion-supporting gas. Therefore, the setting of the combustion-supporting gas inlet helps the air to enter the second combustion chamber, thereby improving the combustion efficiency of the flue gas.

[0019] Preferably, a second fan is provided outside the furnace body to assist air intake to the combustion-supporting gas inlet.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the second fan will drive the flow of air in the primary combustion chamber while injecting air into the smoke channel, thereby accelerating the efficiency of smoke entering the smoke channel, reducing the dispersion of smoke, and ensuring centralized treatment of smoke.

[0021] Preferably, a convex edge is provided above the diversion opening in the inner furnace for blocking garbage from entering the diversion opening.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of the convex edge can, on the one hand, guide the garbage to the middle of the furnace body during the process of adding garbage, thereby reducing the blockage of the guide port by garbage. On the other hand, the convex edge will be supported at the guide port to ensure the normal air intake space of the guide port, thereby improving the air intake efficiency.

[0023] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] The combustion efficiency of garbage is improved; the high-temperature flue gas burns in the secondary combustion chamber, and the high-temperature environment is transferred to the inner furnace, thereby reducing the internal temperature change in the early stage of garbage incineration and ensuring the incineration efficiency of garbage.

[0025] The exhaust of smoke from the feed port is reduced; due to the setting of the flip plate, on the one hand, the smoke floating on the top can be guided to the smoke inlet to make the smoke fully burn, and on the other hand, it can also receive new garbage, which is convenient for the subsequent addition of garbage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the furnace;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of the furnace;

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of detail A, showing the annular cavity;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram showing the working state of the flip board;

[0030] Figure 5 yes Figure 4An enlarged schematic diagram of detail B showing the partition plate structure;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram showing the fixed position of the drive motor.

[0032] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. furnace body; 11. inner furnace; 111. feed port; 112. slag discharge port; 113. guide port; 114. convex edge; 12. outer furnace; 14. first fan; 15. primary combustion chamber; 16. secondary combustion chamber; 161. annular cavity; 162. connecting port; 2. partition plate; 21. flue gas channel; 22. flue gas inlet; 23. combustion-supporting gas inlet; 3. pyrolysis device; 31. gas supply pipe; 32. nozzle plate; 33. flame outlet; 41. flip plate; 42. drive motor; 5. second fan; 6. air inlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with all the drawings.

[0034] Embodiment 1: A household waste treatment device, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a furnace body 1, which is composed of an inner furnace 11 and an outer furnace 12. The inner furnace 11 is used for incinerating garbage, and a secondary combustion chamber 16 for flue gas treatment is arranged between the inner furnace 11 and the outer furnace 12. A pyrolysis device 3 for incinerating garbage is arranged at the bottom of the inner furnace 11, and a slag discharge port 112 for discharging garbage ash is arranged at the bottom of the inner furnace 11. At the same time, the slag discharge port 112 is also an inlet for providing combustion-supporting gas to the inner furnace 11.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, the pyrolysis device 3 includes a plurality of gas supply pipes 31 horizontally penetrated through the bottom of the inner furnace 11, the gas supply pipes 31 are parallel to each other and spaced apart at the bottom of the inner furnace 11, a plurality of nozzle plates 32 are fixed on each gas supply pipe 31, the upper surfaces of all the nozzle plates 32 are located in the same plane, a plurality of flame outlets 33 interconnected with the gas supply pipes 31 are distributed on the nozzle plates 32, the nozzle plates 32 can not only make the flame distribution more uniform but also receive the garbage to ensure the normal pyrolysis of the garbage.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the secondary combustion chamber 16 is composed of three continuous annular cavities 161, and adjacent annular cavities 161 are provided with connecting ports 162 for flue gas flow, and two adjacent connecting ports 162 are staggered. A first fan 14 interconnected with the secondary combustion chamber 16 is provided on the outside of the furnace body 1, and the air outlet of the first fan 14 can be connected to the flue gas treatment device to meet the emission standards.

[0037] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown in the figure, a plurality of diversion openings 113 communicating with the bottommost annular cavity 161 are spaced apart along the annular region of the inner wall of the inner furnace 11, so that the flue gas generated during the incineration of the garbage enters the annular cavity 161 under the drive of the first blower 14. Due to the structure of the annular cavity 161 greatly increasing the flow time of the flue gas, the heat of the temperature of the inner furnace 11 is transferred to the secondary combustion chamber 16, which will drive the continuous combustion of the flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber 16, and some harmful substances in the flue gas will burn sufficiently, thereby reducing the generation of harmful substances; moreover, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas will be transferred to the inside of the inner furnace 11, thereby ensuring the overall high-temperature environment inside the inner furnace 11, reducing the situation where the temperature inside the furnace body 1 is relatively low at the initial stage of garbage combustion, and ensuring the overall combustion efficiency of the garbage.

[0038] As Figure 3 shown in the figure, a circular convex edge 114 is further fixed to the upper edge of the inner wall of the inner furnace 11 at the diversion opening 113. The upper surface of the convex edge 114 is set as a cut surface inclined towards the center of the furnace body 1. Thus, during the process of dumping the garbage, under the guidance of the cut surface of the convex edge 114, the accumulation of garbage at the diversion opening 113 is reduced, the blockage of the diversion opening 113 by the garbage is reduced, and it helps the flue gas to smoothly enter the diversion opening 113.

[0039] As Figure 4 shown in the figure, a partition plate 2 that divides the inner furnace 11 into two is vertically arranged in the middle region inside the inner furnace 11, so that the inner furnace 11 forms two independent primary combustion chambers 15, and a feeding port 111 for adding garbage is provided at the top of the furnace body 1 for each primary combustion chamber 15. The setting of multiple primary combustion chambers 15 enables the furnace body 1 to alternately carry out garbage incineration work. During the process of incinerating garbage in one primary combustion chamber 15, even with the obstruction of the partition plate 2, the temperature of the primary combustion chamber 15 will be transferred to the adjacent primary combustion chamber 15. At this time, the garbage addition work of the adjacent primary combustion chamber 15 is carried out, thereby improving the initial temperature rise efficiency of the garbage and accelerating the garbage combustion efficiency.

[0040] As Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, since the incineration of garbage cannot ensure that all the flue gas passes through the diversion port 113 and enters the secondary combustion chamber 16, some flue gas will also disperse towards the top of the furnace body 1 and be discharged to the external environment through the feeding port 111, thus polluting the environment. To reduce the occurrence of such situations, a number of flue gas channels 21 are vertically arranged inside the partition plate 2. The bottom of the flue gas channels 21 communicates with the lowermost annular cavity 161. A number of flue gas inlets 22 that communicate with the flue gas channels 21 are horizontally spaced apart on both sides of the partition plate 2. After the first blower 14 is started, under the action of negative pressure, it will drive the air flow in the annular cavity 161, thereby driving the gas inside the inner furnace 11 to enter the flue gas channels 21 through the flue gas inlets 22, so that the flue gas in the air enters the flue gas channels 21 and the annular cavity 161 in sequence, thus reducing the risk of the flue gas dispersing everywhere.

[0041] As Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a turnover plate 41 is rotatably connected inside each primary combustion chamber 15 of the inner furnace 11. An external drive motor 42 of the furnace body 1 is arranged corresponding to each turnover plate 41, and the output shaft of the drive motor 42 is coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft of the turnover plate 41. After the garbage feeding stops, the staff can drive the turnover plate 41 to turn over through the drive motor 42, so that the turnover plate 41 divides the feeding space of the primary combustion chamber 15. One side edge of the turnover plate 41 is located above the flue gas inlet 22, and the other side edge of the turnover plate 41 abuts against the inner wall of the inner furnace 11, and the turnover plate 41 forms an inclined diversion surface. During the upward dispersion of the flue gas, it will enter the flue gas inlet 22 under the guidance of the turnover plate 41, thus reducing the dispersion of the flue gas and improving the efficiency of flue gas collection. Moreover, when the turnover plate 41 is in the open state, it does not affect the normal feeding of the garbage. The garbage will be pre-stored on the top of the turnover plate 41, and the opening and closing of the turnover plate 41 are controlled according to the incineration state of the garbage inside the primary combustion chamber 15 to realize the intelligent addition of the garbage.

[0042] As Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a number of combustion-supporting gas inlets 23 that communicate with the flue gas channels 21 are also opened at the top of the furnace body 1. In this embodiment, 6 combustion-supporting gas inlets 23 are taken as an example. An air inlet pipe 6 is inserted at each combustion-supporting gas inlet 23. The air inlet pipe 6 extends into the flue gas channel 21 and is located below the flue gas inlet 22, and there is a gap between the outer wall of the air inlet pipe 6 and the inner wall of the flue gas channel 21. A second blower 5 that communicates with all the air inlet pipes 6 and injects air into the combustion-supporting gas inlets 23 is also arranged outside the furnace body 1. When the second blower 5 works, it will accelerate the air flow inside the flue gas channels 21, thereby accelerating the efficiency of the flue gas entering the flue gas inlets 22. Moreover, the second blower 5 increases the air ratio of the secondary combustion chamber 16 and improves the combustion efficiency of the flue gas.

[0043] The implementation principle of a domestic waste treatment device according to an embodiment of the present application is as follows: First, the staff adds the waste to one of the primary combustion chambers 15 and starts the pyrolysis device 3. After the temperature of the primary combustion chamber 15 rises, the staff adds waste to another adjacent primary combustion chamber 15. After the waste addition is completed, the staff controls the opening of the two turning plates 41. At this time, the staff can pre-add the waste on the top of the turning plates 41, and at an appropriate time, control the opening and closing of the turning plates 41 to add the waste into the interior of the primary combustion chamber 15; The flue gas generated by the waste incineration will enter the annular cavity 161 through the diversion port 113 and burn sufficiently in the secondary combustion chamber 16. The heat generated by the secondary combustion chamber 16 will also be transferred by heat to the primary combustion chamber 15, thereby ensuring the overall combustion efficiency of the furnace body 1.

[0044] The above are all the preferred embodiments of the present application. The protection scope of the present application is not limited thereby. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A domestic waste treatment device, comprising a furnace body (1), a feed inlet (111) is arranged at the top of the furnace body (1), a slag discharge port (112) is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body (1), and a pyrolysis device (3) for pyrolyzing waste is arranged above the slag discharge port (112) of the furnace body (1), characterized in that: The furnace body (1) includes an inner furnace (11) and an outer furnace (12). A secondary combustion chamber (16) is arranged between the inner furnace (11) and the outer furnace (12). The inner furnace (11) is located above the pyrolysis device (3). A plurality of diversion openings (113) communicating with the secondary combustion chamber (16) are arranged along the circumference of the inner furnace (11). The top of the secondary combustion chamber (16) is connected with a first fan (14) for diverting flue gas to the external environment. The secondary combustion chamber (16) is provided with at least two layers of annular cavities (161). Communication openings (162) are arranged between adjacent annular cavities (161), and adjacent communication openings (162) are arranged staggeredly. A plurality of partition plates (2) are arranged in the inner furnace (11) from the top to the bottom of the inner furnace (11), and the inner furnace (11) is divided into a plurality of primary combustion chambers (15). The number of the feed openings (111) is the same as that of the primary combustion chambers (15), and they are arranged at the tops of the primary combustion chambers (15) and communicate with the primary combustion chambers (15). A flue gas passage (21) is arranged in the partition plate (2). The bottom of the flue gas passage (21) communicates with the secondary combustion chamber (16). A plurality of flue gas inlets (22) are arranged on both sides of the flue gas passage (21) facing the primary combustion chamber (15). In each primary combustion chamber (15), a turning plate (41) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the inner furnace (11) is arranged for receiving garbage and diverting flue gas to the flue gas inlet (22). A driving motor (42) for driving the turning plate (41) to rotate is arranged outside the furnace body (1).

2. The domestic waste treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An auxiliary combustion air inlet (23) communicating with the flue gas passage (21) is arranged outside the furnace body (1).

3. A domestic waste treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second fan (5) for assisting in introducing air into the auxiliary combustion air inlet (23) is arranged outside the furnace body (1).

4. A domestic waste treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A convex edge (114) for blocking garbage from entering the diversion opening (113) is arranged above the diversion opening (113) in the inner furnace (11).

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