A device and method for generating and visually measuring a three-dimensional controllable magnetic field

Abstract

The present invention relates to a three-dimensional controllable magnetic field generation and visualization measurement device and method. The device comprises at least one first Helmholtz coil (1) arranged along a first dimension and at least one second Helmholtz coil (2) arranged along a second dimension. The first Helmholtz coil (1) and the second Helmholtz coil (2) are nested with each other to form a two-dimensional Helmholtz coil. The two-dimensional Helmholtz coil is arranged on a rotating platform (4) capable of 360-degree rotation via a support frame (13) to generate a three-dimensional controllable magnetic field. In view of the defect that the existing technology cannot visualize the change of the magnetic field, the present invention characterizes the change of the magnetic field and the adjustment result by rotating a magnetic needle, thereby realizing the visualization measurement of the magnetic field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of magnetic field devices, and in particular to a device and method for generating and visually measuring a three-dimensional controllable magnetic field. Background Art

[0002] In basic physics research and certain specific production environments, it's often necessary to generate a three-dimensional magnetic field that meets specific directional and magnitude requirements. For example, in nuclear detection, detectors in weak magnetic environments experience significant measurement errors, necessitating the generation of a magnetic field to offset interference from the Earth's magnetic field and the surrounding magnetic field. In precision machining, an external magnetic field is required to induce microdisplacements in giant magnetostrictive materials. In bioelectromagnetism, the effects of magnetic fields on biological growth need to be studied. The required magnetic field performance varies across different application scenarios, making it crucial to design magnetic field generation and measurement devices that meet specific requirements.

[0003] Uniform magnetic fields play a crucial role in theoretical analysis and experimental research in physics. Helmholtz coils and energized solenoids are commonly used uniform magnetic field generators both domestically and internationally. While infinitely long solenoids can ideally generate a uniform magnetic field, in practice, their length is always limited, resulting in less than ideal uniformity. While some studies have shown that using multiple solenoids, each with independent current parameters, can increase the range of a uniform magnetic field, the numerous parameters required for calculation still rely heavily on empirical data and formulas, making it difficult to achieve a highly uniform magnetic field.

[0004] Helmholtz coils have a simple structure, a large magnetic field area, and high uniformity. Compared to wireless long solenoids, Helmholtz coils are more practical and widely used in weak magnetic field applications. Traditional Helmholtz coil magnetic field generating devices primarily consist of a pair of coaxially placed Helmholtz coils with a radius R and a spacing equal to the radius R, along with a controller. When energized, they generate a uniform magnetic field near the midpoint of their common axis, the magnitude of which can be adjusted by parameters such as the current. However, such devices can only generate one-dimensional or two-dimensional magnetic fields, typically DC magnetic fields. In many applications, such as magnetic field shielding and AC electromagnetic field detection, a three-dimensional magnetic field or alternating magnetic field is required, leading to the development of three-dimensional Helmholtz coil devices capable of generating three-dimensional magnetic fields.

[0005] The quality of a magnetic field generating device is often measured based on metrics such as cost, homogeneity, and flexibility. Existing magnetic field devices are mostly traditional Helmholtz coils, which have a simple structure, a small homogeneous magnetic field zone, and difficulty generating a controllable three-dimensional magnetic field. Furthermore, most existing Helmholtz coil magnetic field generating devices only feature a two-dimensional mobile measurement mechanism, which allows them to measure magnetic fields within a specific plane and cannot capture the complete magnetic field distribution in three dimensions. This presents significant limitations and lacks a corresponding magnetic field measurement visualization system. Furthermore, in many applications, the magnetic field generated by the Helmholtz coil often needs to be switched. This is commonly done manually by reversing the positive and negative poles of the DC excitation power supply, thereby changing the direction of the current in the Helmholtz coil and, therefore, the direction of the magnetic field generated by the Helmholtz coil. Due to its inherent limitations, this magnetic field direction switching technology has the following issues: ① During manual operation, the DC excitation power supply must be turned off, resulting in slow switching speed. ② Because the current in the Helmholtz coil is typically high, manual operation poses a risk of electric shock and poor operational safety.

[0006] Currently, Chinese invention patent CN110308311B discloses a three-dimensional magnetic field generating device based on two-dimensional rotational mechanical control, which includes a platform support module, a vertically rotatable sensor carrier module, and a horizontally rotatable magnetic field generating module. The horizontal plane is the XY plane, and the vertical plane is the XZ plane; the platform support module is used to support the horizontally rotatable magnetic field generating module and the vertically rotatable sensor carrier module. This invention utilizes the two-dimensional rotation of the magnetic field generating device and the sensor carrier in two mutually perpendicular planes, while changing the current of the coil to control the size of the magnetic field, to achieve a uniform and controllable three-dimensional magnetic field effect around the sensor. However, this invention can only achieve two-dimensional rotation, and cannot achieve three-dimensional rotation.

[0007] As shown above, sensors are commonly used in existing technologies to measure the strength of internal magnetic fields. However, these sensors are subject to measurement errors. These errors primarily stem from the sensor's measurement principle. Due to limitations in sensor accuracy, the results of three-dimensional Helmholtz coil measurements will deviate from the true value to a certain extent. Furthermore, because the sensor requires a certain degree of conversion between the collected data and the magnetic induction intensity, prolonged operation can lead to errors in the sensor's conversion relationship.

[0008] How to measure the internal magnetic field of a three-dimensional Helmholtz coil in a visual way and measure the magnitude of the magnetic field is a technical problem that has not been solved by existing technologies.

[0009] In addition, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding among those skilled in the art; on the other hand, the inventor studied a large number of documents and patents when making the present invention, but due to space limitations, not all details and contents are listed in detail. However, this does not mean that the present invention does not have the characteristics of these prior arts. On the contrary, the present invention already has all the characteristics of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In existing technology, sensors are commonly used to measure the strength of the magnetic field within a three-dimensional Helmholtz coil. However, the sensors' limited precision leads to large measurement errors and requires frequent calibration. Furthermore, the sensors' single location allows them to measure only a localized magnetic field, not the entire magnetic field range. This means the sensor's data is not representative of the entire magnetic field. Because the magnetic field is invisible, errors in the uniformity of the internal magnetic field persist, making it impossible to accurately adjust the internal field uniformly.

[0011] Based on the defect of the prior art that it cannot be visualized, the present invention collects the rotation dynamics of the magnetic needle through an optical measurement component, thereby achieving accurate monitoring and measurement of magnetic field changes with high precision.

[0012] The present invention provides a three-dimensional controllable magnetic field generation and visualization measurement device, comprising at least one first Helmholtz coil arranged along a first dimension and at least one second Helmholtz coil arranged along a second dimension. The first and second Helmholtz coils are nested together to form a two-dimensional Helmholtz coil. The two-dimensional Helmholtz coils are mounted on a rotating platform capable of 360° rotation via a support frame to form a three-dimensional Helmholtz coil. The distance between the first and second Helmholtz coils is equal to their respective radii. The Helmholtz coils are wound with enameled wire. A rotating motor and conductive slip rings are located beneath the platform to achieve the effect of coil rotation while the housing remains stationary. The present invention controls the rotational speed of the two-dimensional Helmholtz coils by controlling the rotational speed of the rotating motor using a speed-regulating motor. This adds a rotation vector to a two-dimensional magnetic field, generating a three-dimensional magnetic field. While minimizing the device structure and magnetic field control, the present invention essentially achieves all the functions of a traditional three-dimensional Helmholtz coil. Furthermore, the magnetic field generated by the device is larger than that of traditional three-dimensional Helmholtz coils, further reducing device costs.

[0013] The three-dimensional magnetic field generated by the present invention can be controlled by various adjustment methods, such as inputting different currents, controlling the opening and closing of coils, providing a rotation vector, etc. The present invention can also automatically change the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field and has a large magnetic field uniformity area.

[0014] Preferably, the rotating platform is rotated in a plane or deflected at a certain tilt angle by a rotating motor, so that the three-dimensional Helmholtz coil can rotate at any angle and generate a magnetic field in any direction. The deflection of the platform of the present invention allows the magnetic field direction of the three-dimensional magnetic field to be arbitrarily set in three-dimensional space.

[0015] Preferably, at least one magnetic array formed by magnetic needles is provided in the internal space formed by the first Helmholtz coil and the second Helmholtz coil. During the adjustment of the magnetic field of the three-dimensional Helmholtz coil, the magnetic needles of the magnetic array detect the changes in the magnetic field at different positions and visually represent the changes in the magnetic field by rotating the magnetic needles.

[0016] Preferably, in the internal space formed by the first Helmholtz coil and the second Helmholtz coil, at least two magnetic arrays are arranged in a staggered manner with magnetic needles in different layers, and a plurality of magnetic needles measure the magnetic field at different positions in the internal space and indicate the direction of the magnetic field. By staggering the magnetic arrays, the optical measurement component can capture the movement trajectories of all magnetic needles. By setting the magnetic arrays, the magnetic field changes at each position of the magnetic field can be visualized. The direction of the magnetic field can also be characterized by the rotation angle of the magnetic needles. The present invention adopts optical measurement technology, with small measurement errors and no need for frequent corrections, so that accurate magnetic field changes can be obtained.

[0017] Preferably, the support frame is provided with at least one optical measurement component capable of capturing the rotational dynamic images of each magnetic needle in the magnetic array. The optical measurement component is connected to at least one display device. During the process of adjusting the three-dimensional magnetic field, the optical measurement component can capture the rotational dynamic images and / or directions of each magnetic needle component in the magnetic array. The optical measurement component can display the rotational dynamic images of the first magnetic array and the second magnetic array in a visual manner through the display device. The rotation speed of the magnetic needle is very fast, so it is not conducive to people observing the rotation speed of the magnetic needle with their eyes. Only the final position where the magnetic needle stops can be seen. The display device can amplify and play the rotational dynamic image of the magnetic needle, and can even play it in slow motion, making it easier for people to see the changes in the rotation of the magnetic needle.

[0018] Preferably, the magnetic array includes at least a first magnetic array and a second magnetic array, the first and second magnetic arrays being distinct and arranged in layers, and the magnetic needles in the first magnetic array being staggered from the magnetic needles in the second magnetic array, such that the optical measurement assembly can capture dynamic images of the rotation of all magnetic needles. Because magnetic field variations are not uniform, arranging different magnetic arrays on different planes allows the magnetic needles to be distributed in three-dimensional space, thereby obtaining a comprehensive image of magnetic field variations.

[0019] Preferably, a processor is arranged between the optical measurement component and the at least one display device, the rotating motor is connected to the processor and sends the motor operating parameters to the processor, and the processor calculates the rotation parameters related to the magnetic needle based on the rotation dynamic image of the magnetic needle collected by the optical measurement component, and the rotation parameters include at least the rotation angle of the magnetic needle, the rotation angular velocity and the linear velocity of the tip of the magnetic needle.

[0020] The present invention also provides a three-dimensional controllable magnetic field generation and visualization measurement method, which at least includes: nesting at least one first Helmholtz coil arranged along a first dimension and at least one second Helmholtz coil arranged along a second dimension to form a two-dimensional Helmholtz coil, and placing the two-dimensional Helmholtz coil on a rotating platform capable of rotating 360° through a support frame to form a three-dimensional Helmholtz coil, wherein the rotating platform is rotated in a plane or deflected at a certain inclination angle by a rotating motor, so that the three-dimensional Helmholtz coil can rotate at any angle and generate a magnetic field in any direction.

[0021] Preferably, the method further includes: arranging a plurality of magnetoresistive sensors in the form of a magnetoresistive sensor array in the internal space formed by the first Helmholtz coil and the second Helmholtz coil, with at least two magnetoresistive sensor arrays being arranged in layers so that each magnetoresistive sensor can measure the magnitude of the magnetic field at different positions in the internal space.

[0022] Preferably, at least one magnetic array formed by magnetic needles is provided in the internal space formed by the first Helmholtz coil and the second Helmholtz coil. During the adjustment of the magnetic field of the three-dimensional Helmholtz coil, the magnetic needles of the magnetic array detect the changes in the magnetic field at different positions and visually represent the changes in the magnetic field by rotating the magnetic needles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the visual magnetic array of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a perspective structural diagram of the magnetic needle assembly of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a perspective structural diagram of the magnetic needle assembly of the present invention from a top view angle;

[0026] Figure 4 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional Helmholtz coil according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a side surface of a three-dimensional Helmholtz coil of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the uniform magnetic field in the three-dimensional Helmholtz coil of the present invention.

[0029] Reference Signs List

[0030] 1: First Helmholtz coil; 2: Second Helmholtz coil; 3: Coil bracket, 4: Rotating platform; 5: X-axis guide rail; 6: Z-axis guide rail; 7: Y-axis guide rail; 8: Bracket; 9: Connecting elbow; 10: Sensor; 11: Fixed platform, 12: Conductive slip ring; 13: Support frame; 14: First magnetic array; 15: Second magnetic array; 16: Optical measurement component; 17: Magnetic needle component; 171: Magnetic needle; 172: Connecting rod; 173: First damping block; 174: Resistance strain gauge; 175: Second damping block; 176: Needle holder; 177: Recoverable component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Below is the accompanying drawings Figures 1 to 6 Provide detailed explanation.

[0032] Existing technologies generally use sensors to measure the internal magnetic field of a three-dimensional Helmholtz coil. However, magnetic sensors are subject to measurement errors. This error primarily stems from the sensor's measurement principle. Limited by the sensor's measurement accuracy, the results of the internal magnetic field of a three-dimensional Helmholtz coil will deviate from the true value to a certain extent. Furthermore, because the sensor requires a certain degree of conversion between the collected data and the magnetic induction intensity, prolonged operation can lead to errors in the sensor's conversion relationship. Therefore, when using a magnetic sensor, it requires frequent calibration.

[0033] To address the shortcomings of magnetic sensor measurements in the prior art, the present invention provides a device for measuring magnetic fields in arbitrary directions in three-dimensional space. This device utilizes an optical measurement component to capture the rotational trajectory of a magnetic needle, thereby recording the changes in the internal magnetic field of a three-dimensional Helmholtz coil during adjustment and its final magnetic field state. This allows the internal magnetic field of the three-dimensional Helmholtz coil to be adjusted to achieve a truly uniform magnetic field state or a shielded zero magnetic field state. Because the optical measurement component uses light to capture the rotational trajectory of the magnetic needle, it offers high precision, low error, and is unaffected by current magnitude, resulting in minimal error in the measurement of the internal magnetic field.

[0034] The present invention provides a three-dimensional controllable magnetic field generation and visualization measurement device and method. Figures 4 and 5 As shown, the three-dimensional controllable magnetic field generation and visualization measurement device includes at least a first Helmholtz coil 1 arranged along a first dimension, a second Helmholtz coil 2 arranged along a second dimension, a coil support 3, and a rotating platform 4. The first dimension is the vertical direction, and the second dimension is the horizontal direction.

[0035] The horizontal second Helmholtz coil 2 and the vertical first Helmholtz coil 1 are nested together, expanding the central uniform magnetic field. The three-dimensional Helmholtz coils are wound around a coil holder 3 and secured to a rotating platform 4 via the Helmholtz coil holder 3. The distance between the Helmholtz coils in each dimension is equal to the coil radius, and the diameters of the coils in each dimension are equal.

[0036] The Helmholtz coil is wound with enameled wire, and the housing is stationary, achieved by a rotating motor and conductive slip rings located beneath the housing platform. The rotating motor is also connected to a speed-regulating motor, controlling its speed. The rotating platform is rotatably connected to the shaft of the conductive slip ring, allowing the rotating platform 4 to tilt and rotate at a certain angle, resulting in deflection. For example, the rotating platform is fixed to the shaft at an angle via bolts.

[0037] Preferably, the three-dimensional Helmholtz coil of the present invention is connected to the fixed platform 11 through the conductive slip ring 12 and the support frame 13, and then connected to the external power supply. The conductive slip ring 12 has a structure as shown in FIG. Figure 5 shown.

[0038] For the magnetic field measurement module, the present invention sets up a three-coordinate measuring platform, uses a stepper motor to control the feed amount, and places magnetic field measurement sensors such as magnetoresistive sensors, Hall elements and other measurement tools on the platform to realize the measurement of spatial magnetic field.

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, the power supply provides an adjustable input current to the Helmholtz coil. The coil energized in the Y-axis direction generates a magnetic field along the Z-axis, while the Z-axis coil generates a magnetic field in the Z-axis direction. When two currents are applied at the same time, a magnetic field in any direction in the YZ plane is generated. The wire is connected to the DC power supply through a conductive slip ring 12, and a rotating motor is used to control the rotating shaft connected to the conductive slip ring. During the 360° rotation of the device, metal cluster brushes are used for multi-point contact conduction to achieve stable current transmission during rotation, avoiding the problem of ordinary wire entanglement when the coil rotates. The speed regulating motor controls the speed of the rotating motor to control the rotation speed of the two-dimensional coil, that is, a rotating vector is added to the basis of a two-dimensional magnetic field to generate a three-dimensional magnetic field.

[0040] Preferably, the rotating platform can be connected to the conductive slip ring 12 via a universal shaft, that is, the rotating platform 4 is deflected at a certain tilt angle.

[0041] The magnetic field measurement device consists of a three-dimensional coordinate platform motion device and a magnetic field measurement sensor. The three-dimensional coordinate platform includes an X-axis guide rail 5, a Z-axis guide rail 6, a Y-axis guide rail 7, and a bracket 8. The two straight sections of bracket 8 are bent 90 degrees by connecting elbows 9. A magnetoresistive sensor or magnetoresistive sensor array is installed on the transverse portion of bracket 8.

[0042] The three-coordinate stage is controlled by a single-chip microcomputer and stepper motor. It can move along the X, Y, and Z axes with an accuracy of better than 1mm. The movement of the three-coordinate stage enables the sensor 10 to move three-dimensionally within the Helmholtz coil, thereby measuring the three-dimensional magnetic field. The data measured by the sensor 10 is displayed in real time on a display device.

[0043] Several magnetoresistive sensors are arranged in a magnetoresistive sensor array in the internal space formed by the first Helmholtz coil 1 and the second Helmholtz coil 2. At least two magnetoresistive sensor arrays are arranged in layers, so that each magnetoresistive sensor can measure the magnetic field at different locations in the internal space.

[0044] Preferably, two magnetoresistive sensors in two magnetoresistive sensor arrays on different layers are staggered relative to each other, enabling measurement of magnetic field parameters at different locations. Compared to methods using a single magnetoresistive sensor for measurement, this method can obtain richer magnetic field data and determine whether the magnetic field is uniform.

[0045] The present invention generates a rotating magnetic field by controlling the current to start the rotating motor after generating a uniform magnetic field, and using a motor speed regulator to control the speed of the motor to control the speed within a required range. The motor rotates at a certain speed based on the original uniform magnetic field, thereby generating a rotating magnetic field.

[0046] However, measuring the magnetic field solely based on a magnetoresistive sensor can only obtain magnetic field parameters and changes in magnetic field parameters, and it is impossible to intuitively see changes in the magnetic field. Based on this defect, the present invention arranges a magnetic array formed by magnetic needles in the internal space formed by the first Helmholtz coil 1 and the second Helmholtz coil 2. The distribution and direction of the magnetic field are visually presented on the device. During the adjustment of the magnetic field of the three-dimensional Helmholtz coil, the magnetic needles of the magnetic array detect changes in the magnetic field at different positions and visually represent the changes in the magnetic field by rotating the magnetic needles.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention utilizes the property that a magnetic needle can point to the direction of magnetic lines of force in space. According to the principle of symmetry, by placing a magnetic array consisting of 12 magnetic needles in the magnetic field space, the spatial distribution of the magnetic field can be displayed concisely and intuitively.

[0048] Preferably, in the internal space formed by the first Helmholtz coil 1 and the second Helmholtz coil 2 , at least two magnetic arrays are arranged in a staggered manner with magnetic needles in different layers, and several magnetic needles measure the magnetic field at different positions in the internal space and indicate the direction of the magnetic field.

[0049] After turning on the magnetic field generator, influenced by the three-dimensional magnetic field produced by the Helmholtz coil, the magnetic needle will point in the direction of the magnetic field lines, allowing the approximate distribution of the generated magnetic field to be observed and visually presented. Adjusting the input current will observe the deflection of the magnetic needle, clearly perceiving the change in magnetic field strength. After starting a rotating motor, influenced by the rotating magnetic field generated by the device, the magnetic needle will follow the direction of the magnetic field rotation and point in the direction of the magnetic field lines, visualizing the changes in the rotating magnetic field in space.

[0050] However, the rotation speed of the magnetic needle is very fast, which is not conducive to accurately observing the rotation dynamics of the magnetic needle with the eyes, and seeing more of the final indicated direction of the magnetic needle. In order to solve this technical defect, the support frame 13 of the present invention is provided with at least one optical measurement component 16 that can capture the rotation dynamic images of each magnetic needle in the magnetic array. The optical measurement component 16 is connected to at least one display device. The optical measurement component 16 is, for example, an optical camera. The display device is, for example, a display. During the process of adjusting the three-dimensional magnetic field, the optical measurement component 16 can capture the rotation dynamic images and / or directions of each magnetic needle component 17 in the magnetic array. The optical camera can also be set at an upper position in the center of the first magnetic array 14, and can capture the rotation dynamic images or video images of each magnetic needle.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the magnetic array includes at least a first magnetic array 14 and a second magnetic array 15. The first magnetic array 14 and the second magnetic array 15 each include a plurality of magnetic needle assemblies 17. The height of the first magnetic array is higher than that of the second magnetic array. The first magnetic array 14 and the second magnetic array 15 are different arrays and are arranged in layers. The magnetic needles in the first magnetic array 14 and the magnetic needles in the second magnetic array 15 are arranged in a staggered manner. The optical measurement assembly 16 can visually display the dynamic rotation images of the first magnetic array 14 and the second magnetic array 15 via a display device.

[0052] Preferably, a processor is provided between the optical measurement assembly 16 and the at least one display device. The rotating motor is connected to the processor and transmits motor operating parameters to the processor.

[0053] The processor calculates rotation parameters related to the magnetic needle based on the rotation dynamic image of the magnetic needle collected by the optical measurement component 16. The rotation parameters include at least the rotation angle, rotation angular velocity and linear velocity of the magnetic needle tip.

[0054] The faster the rotating motor rotates, the faster the magnetic needle rotates. However, it is unrealistic to reduce the speed of the rotating platform in order to slow down the rotation of the magnetic needle. Therefore, the processor also includes an image processing device or playback module that can play a dynamic image of the rotation of the magnetic needle assembly in slow motion to facilitate intuitive observation of the changes in the magnetic field. The image processing device refers to a server or dedicated integrated circuit capable of image processing, and can also be a server or dedicated integrated circuit capable of running image processing software.

[0055] However, slow-motion playback of the magnetic needle assembly's rotational motion image doesn't correspond to real-time adjustments, which can easily cause operators to miss the optimal time to adjust the magnetic field, leading to repeated adjustments. To avoid this, making the magnetic needle's rotational motion visually observable without affecting the magnetic field adjustment results remains a technical challenge that needs further resolution.

[0056] In the present invention, the first magnetic array 14 and the second magnetic array 15 are arranged longitudinally offset within the field of view of the optical measurement assembly 16, without obstructing the magnetic needles. While the magnetic field is being adjusted, the optical measurement assembly 16 can capture the rotational dynamics of each magnetic needle assembly 17 in the first magnetic array 14 and the second magnetic array 15, namely, the magnetic needle deflection dynamics. Based on the rotational dynamics of the first magnetic array 14 and the second magnetic array 15, the optical measurement assembly 16 can visually measure changes in the magnetic field.

[0057] Preferably, the optical measurement assembly 16 uses a processor to calculate dynamic images of the magnetic needle's rotation, accurately calculating parameters such as the needle's deflection angle and angular velocity. This allows for quantification of the magnetic field without the use of a magnetoresistive sensor. The present invention utilizes optical measurement technology, resulting in minimal measurement error and the elimination of frequent calibration, thereby enabling accurate magnetic field data to be obtained.

[0058] Preferably, the first magnetic array 14 and the second magnetic array 15 are arranged on parallel planes. Since the change of the magnetic field is not uniform, different magnetic arrays are arranged on different planes so that the magnetic needles can be distributed in three-dimensional space, obtaining a comprehensive picture of the magnetic field change.

[0059] The present invention arranges different arrays so that the distribution patterns of the magnetic needle assemblies of the two magnetic arrays are different, thereby preventing the magnetic needles from influencing each other and enabling the magnetic needles to extend to different magnetic field ranges.

[0060] Preferably, the first magnetic array 14 is arranged in a circular array. The second magnetic array 15 is arranged in a square array. The magnetic needle assemblies in the first magnetic array 14 and the magnetic needle assemblies in the second magnetic array 15 are arranged in a direction normal to the parallel planes. The arrangement of different arrays makes it easier for the magnetic needles to detect the magnetic field strength and direction at different locations.

[0061] For example, the array range of the first magnetic array 14 is within the array range of the second magnetic array 15. The magnetic needles of the second magnetic array 15 are distributed outside the array range of the first magnetic array 14. This arrangement not only ensures that the magnetic needles do not affect each other, but also enables the trajectories of the magnetic needles to be fully captured by the optical measurement assembly 16. Furthermore, the number of optical measurement assemblies 16 is not limited to one; it can also be two or even more.

[0062] When there are two optical measurement assemblies 16 , the two optical measurement assemblies 16 are respectively disposed at the center of the upper portion of the corresponding magnetic array.

[0063] However, the centrally located optical measurement assembly 16 is prone to discrepancies in the acquisition of rotational dynamics at more distant locations. Furthermore, the rotational dynamics of the magnetic needles of the second magnetic array 15 are also easily captured by the optical measurement assembly 16 after being refracted by the base of the transparent first magnetic array 14, increasing the acquisition error of the optical measurement assembly 16.

[0064] To address this shortcoming, the present invention does not arrange the first magnetic array 14 and the second magnetic array 15 in layers, but instead arranges them in a staggered manner on the same side. The height of the needle base of the magnetic needle assembly 17 of the first magnetic array 14 is greater than the height of the needle base of the magnetic needle assembly 17 of the second magnetic array 15, which also enables the layered arrangement of different magnetic arrays. This arrangement reduces the refraction effect of the intermediate base on the magnetic needle image, improving the acquisition accuracy of the optical image.

[0065] Furthermore, the base of the magnetic array of the present invention can be configured with bases of varying heights according to the array position, allowing magnetic needle assemblies of the same height to be distributed across two or more layers, achieving a layered arrangement of different magnetic arrays. This arrangement, with the bases spaced apart, can reduce the mutual magnetic influence between needles on the same layer, further improving the needle's ability to measure magnetic fields.

[0066] Preferably, the present invention can symmetrically arrange two optical measurement components 16 above the magnetic array. For example, the first optical measurement component and the second optical measurement component collect the rotation dynamics of the magnetic needle in the magnetic array at symmetrical tilt angles.

[0067] In the presence of an image processing device, the image processing device aligns the first image captured by the first optical measurement component with the second image captured by the second optical measurement component, using the magnetic needles at designated locations as markers, to form a complete dynamic image of the magnetic array's rotation. This image includes not only static images but also dynamic videos. The two optical measurement components 16 avoid the problem of obscuration of the deflection dynamics of a particular magnetic needle due to angular constraints, ensuring that the deflection direction and angular velocity of each magnetic needle are clearly visible in the displayed dynamic image of the magnetic array's rotation.

[0068] Preferably, the image processing device processes the image synchronously with the acquisition by the optical measurement component 16 , that is, the delay caused by the image processing device processing the image and outputting it is very short, for example, a delay of 1 second.

[0069] In this invention, when adjusting the magnetic field, the magnetoresistive sensor array and the magnetic array can be placed sequentially into the internal space to measure the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field. This approach is undoubtedly cumbersome, and the magnetic field parameters and the direction indicated by the magnetic needle deviate significantly, making a one-to-one correspondence impossible. Therefore, how to obtain magnetic field parameters without using magnetoresistive sensors is a technical problem that needs to be further solved.

[0070] Preferably, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the magnetic needle assembly 17 includes at least a magnetic needle 171 and a needle holder 176. A connecting rod 172 and a retractable assembly 177 are disposed within the needle holder 176, which are capable of reducing the movement speed of the magnetic needle 171. The magnetic needle 171 is magnetically connected to the connecting rod 172. One end of the connecting rod 172, which contacts the magnetic needle, has a rough surface, which is used to generate greater resistance when the magnetic needle deflects under the influence of the magnetic field. This not only reduces the rotation speed of the magnetic needle, but also causes friction on the connecting rod 172, which transmits the force to the first damping block.

[0071] The first damping block 173 is rotatably clamped on the needle seat 176 through a restorable component 177. Preferably, the restorable component 177 connected to the first damping block 173 includes at least a flat spiral spring.

[0072] After receiving the force transmitted by the connecting rod 172, the first damping block 173 can rotate toward the planar scroll spring, thereby increasing the force between the first damping block 173 and the planar scroll spring. The planar scroll spring in the present invention is preferably a precision spring with low elastic force, capable of deformation under minimal force.

[0073] When the force between the first damping block 173 and the planar scroll spring increases, the first damping block 173 can cause the planar scroll spring to deform, and at the same time, the first damping block 173 also generates a slight movement or rotation.

[0074] The maximum elastic force that the planar spiral spring can generate on the first damping block 173 is smaller than the force applied to the first damping block 173. The planar spiral spring can make the magnetic needle associated with the first damping block in the initial position in the zero magnetic field state, which is easier to identify.

[0075] Preferably, a second damping block 175 is provided on the inner side of the inner bottom of the needle seat 176. A resistance strain gauge 174 is connected between the first damping block 173 and the second damping block 175. Specifically, the first damping block 173 is provided with a first card slot, and the second damping block 175 is provided with a second card slot. The two ends of the resistance strain gauge 174 are respectively connected and provided through the first card slot and the second card slot, for example, by gluing in the first card slot and the second card slot. The resistance strain gauge 174 is connected to the ammeter. When the first damping block 173 produces a slight movement or rotation, the resistance strain gauge 174 causes the current parameter to change based on the change in resistance, so that the resistance change parameter of the resistance strain gauge 174 can be measured.

[0076] The resistance strain gauge 174 is a metal resistance strain gauge. A metal resistance strain gauge is an element used to measure strain. It converts changes in strain on a mechanical component into changes in resistance. It is made of constantan or nickel-chromium wire with a diameter of 0.02-0.05 mm, wound into a grid (or etched into a grid using very thin metal foil), sandwiched between two layers of insulating foil (substrate). Tinned copper wire is connected to the strain gauge grid as the strain gauge leads, which are used to connect the measuring wires. Thus, when the first damping block moves or rotates slightly, the resistance of the metal resistance strain gauge changes slightly, resulting in a change in resistance. The change in resistance can then be used to deduce the angle of rotation of the first damping block and the magnitude of the force applied, and further to deduce the magnitude of the friction between the magnetic needle 171 and the connecting rod 172. Based on the principle of force balance, the magnitude of the magnetic force acting on the magnetic needle in a dynamic state can be determined. The magnitude of the magnetic force can also be calculated when the magnetic needle is static and indicating the direction of the magnetic field. The processor calculates the magnetic field parameters at the location based on the magnetic force acting on the magnetic needle and the magnetic permeance of the magnetic needle itself. Preferably, the processor pre-stores the derivation formula of the magnetic field parameters of the magnetic needle and is capable of running the calculation process. Since the basic operation principle is a well-known formula, the calculation formula is not provided here.

[0077] Due to the fast rotation speed of the magnetic needle, it is easy for the optical measurement component 16 to collect the change in the rotation angle of the magnetic needle and cause image loss. In order to enable the optical measurement component 16 to collect a clear image of the magnetic needle rotation, the present invention slows down the rotation angular velocity of the magnetic needle by providing a magnetic connecting rod 172 with a rough surface. At the same time, it can also record the magnitude of the magnetic force exerted on the magnetic needle according to the change in current.

[0078] In order to make the direction of the magnetic needle more obvious and to generate friction with the connecting rod 172, the magnetic needle in the present invention is heavier and has a larger magnetic permeability, thereby being able to cause the connecting rod 172 to be subjected to a greater friction force.

[0079] Preferably, the magnetic needle and connecting rod 172 of the present invention are not limited to a magnetic connection, but can also be mechanically connected, such as by bolts or adhesive. In this arrangement, the rotation of the magnetic needle drives the connecting rod 172 and the first damping block 173 to rotate together, or to generate a rotational tendency. The rotation or rotational tendency of the first damping block 173 causes the planar scroll spring to deform and generate elastic force.

[0080] When the magnetic needle is in a zero magnetic field space, the returnable feature of the planar spiral spring causes the magnetic needle, connecting rod 172, and first damping block 173 to rotate synchronously and return to their initial positions. Therefore, when the magnetic needle deflects back to its initial position, the magnetic field it is in is zero magnetic field.

[0081] The magnetic field adjustment results within the three-dimensional Helmholtz coil include at least two adjustment results: a uniform magnetic field and a zero magnetic field. By providing a connecting rod 172 and a reversible component to the magnetic needle, the present invention ensures that the magnetic needle maintains a consistent rotation angle or initial position when the magnetic field is uniform or absent. This accurately indicates whether the magnetic field has been adjusted to a uniform state or is shielded. Compared to the prior art, where the magnetic needle points in a zero magnetic field state in a disordered manner, the magnetic needle of the present invention's measuring device is more easily observed in the same direction, avoiding excessive adjustment of the three-dimensional Helmholtz coil's position and saving adjustment time.

[0082] Regarding whether the magnetic field is adjusted to a uniform magnetic field or a zero magnetic field, the present invention does not need to calculate the magnetic force applied to the magnetic field of the magnetic needle. It can intuitively see whether the magnetic field is uniform or whether it is completely in a shielded zero magnetic field state through the image collected by the human eye or the optical measurement component 16. It is simple and easy to understand, reducing the difficulty of magnetic field measurement. The collection of the magnetic needle trajectory by the optical measurement component 16 is conducive to further observing the changes in the magnetic field, providing further adjustment directions for the adjustment personnel, so that the operator can clearly know whether his adjustment operation makes the magnetic field larger or smaller, and it is also conducive to the operator being able to review his own steps of adjusting the magnetic field in the future, and also being able to use his own magnetic field adjustment steps as teaching materials for teaching. The present invention can provide rich magnetic field adjustment video image data, and does not require teaching staff to make separate teaching videos. For teaching staff, it also saves teaching costs and teaching energy.

[0083] Preferably, magnetic needle 171 is provided with a fluorescent coating that is unaffected by magnetic fields. Optical measurement assembly 16 captures a dynamic image of the magnetic needle's rotation, initial position, and final position based on the fluorescence emitted by magnetic needle 171. For example, the fluorescent coating may be a fluorescent paint that is easily captured by an optical camera and can emit or reflect brighter light.

[0084] Compared with the refraction of light from natural materials, the present invention provides a fluorescent layer, which makes it easier for the optical measurement component 16 to collect the moving track and position of the magnetic needle, thereby further improving the collection accuracy of the optical measurement component 16.

[0085] Preferably, in the present invention, the optical measurement assembly 16 is connected to a processor and can transmit images or video to the processor for storage or display. The circuit containing the resistance strain gauge is equipped with an electronic ammeter and an electronic voltmeter. These electronic ammeters and voltmeters establish signal transmission with the processor via wires to transmit current and voltage parameters.

[0086] The processor calculates the resistance parameter of the resistance strain gauge based on the received current parameter and voltage parameter, and then obtains the magnetic needle deflection angle corresponding to the resistance parameter. In this step, the resistance parameter and the magnetic needle deflection angle can be collected and measured through multiple tests to obtain data that corresponds to each other.

[0087] When the rotating platform 4 is not deflected, the processor calculates the resistance experienced by the magnetic needle at its final position based on the deflection angle of the magnetic needle and the elastic force parameters of the planar spiral spring. Based on the principle of force balance, the magnitude of the magnetic force experienced by the magnetic needle is calculated, thereby calculating the corresponding magnetic field magnitude.

[0088] In the event that the rotating platform 4 deflects, without a restorable assembly, the magnetic needle is easily affected by its own gravity, thereby increasing the deflection error. In the event that the magnetic needle deflects, the restorable assembly of the present invention can reduce the influence of its own gravity on the magnetic needle, making the deflection of the magnetic needle easier and reducing the error.

[0089] The processor can calculate the magnetic force of the magnetic field based on the deflection angle of the magnetic needle, the gravity of the magnetic needle, and the elastic force corresponding to the deflection angle of the magnetic needle. This arrangement allows the magnitude of the magnetic field to be quantified and visualized simultaneously.

[0090] The processor of the present invention is a computer, a server and / or a single chip microcomputer preset with program information for calculating the magnetic field formula.

[0091] It should be noted that the above-mentioned specific embodiments are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can come up with various solutions inspired by the disclosure of the present invention, and these solutions also fall within the scope of the disclosure of the present invention and fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention specification and its drawings are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation on the claims. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. The present invention specification contains multiple inventive concepts, such as "preferably", "according to a preferred embodiment" or "optionally", which means that the corresponding paragraph discloses an independent concept, and the applicant reserves the right to file a divisional application based on each inventive concept.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional controllable magnetic field generation and visualization measurement device, characterized in that: At least comprising at least one first Helmholtz coil (1) arranged along a first dimension and at least one second Helmholtz coil (2) arranged along a second dimension, The first Helmholtz coil (1) and the second Helmholtz coil (2) are nested with each other to form a two-dimensional Helmholtz coil. The two-dimensional Helmholtz coil is arranged on a rotating platform (4) capable of 360-degree rotation via a support frame (13) to generate a three-dimensional controllable magnetic field.

2. The three-dimensional controllable magnetic field generation and visualization measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two-dimensional Helmholtz coil is arranged on a rotating platform (4) capable of 360-degree rotation via a support frame (13) to form a three-dimensional Helmholtz coil. The rotating platform (4) is rotated in a plane or deflected at a certain tilt angle by a rotating motor, so that the three-dimensional Helmholtz coil can rotate at any angle and generate a magnetic field in any direction.

3. The three-dimensional controllable magnetic field generation and visualization measurement device according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least one magnetic array formed by magnetic needles is provided in an internal space formed by the first Helmholtz coil (1) and the second Helmholtz coil (2); During the magnetic field adjustment process of the three-dimensional Helmholtz coil, the magnetic needles of the magnetic array detect the magnetic field changes at different positions and represent the magnetic field changes in a visual manner by rotating the magnetic needles.

4. The three-dimensional controllable magnetic field generation and visualization measurement device according to claim 3, characterized in that: In an internal space formed by the first Helmholtz coil (1) and the second Helmholtz coil (2), at least two magnetic arrays are arranged in a manner that magnetic needles of different layers are staggered, and a plurality of magnetic needles measure magnetic fields at different positions in the internal space and indicate the direction of the magnetic field.

5. The three-dimensional controllable magnetic field generation and visualization measurement device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The magnetic array comprises at least a first magnetic array (14) and a second magnetic array (15), The support frame (13) is provided with at least one optical measurement component (16) capable of collecting rotational dynamic images of each magnetic needle in the magnetic array. The optical measurement component (16) is connected to at least one display device. When the three-dimensional magnetic field is adjusted, the optical measurement component (16) is capable of collecting rotational dynamic images and / or directions of each magnetic needle component (17) in the magnetic array. The optical measurement component (16) is capable of visually displaying the rotational dynamic images of the first magnetic array (14) and the second magnetic array (15) through the display device.

6. The three-dimensional controllable magnetic field generation and visualization measurement device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first magnetic array (14) and the second magnetic array (15) are different arrays and are arranged in layers, and the magnetic needles in the first magnetic array (14) and the magnetic needles in the second magnetic array (15) are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the optical measurement component (16) can collect rotational dynamic images of all the magnetic needles.

7. The three-dimensional controllable magnetic field generation and visualization measurement device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A processor is provided between the optical measurement component (16) and the at least one display device, the rotating motor is connected to the processor and sends motor operating parameters to the processor, The processor calculates the rotation parameters related to the magnetic needle based on the rotation dynamic image of the magnetic needle collected by the optical measurement component (16), The rotation parameters include at least the rotation angle, rotation angular velocity and linear velocity of the magnetic needle tip.

8. A three-dimensional controllable magnetic field generation and visualization measurement method, characterized in that: The method at least comprises: At least one first Helmholtz coil (1) arranged along a first dimension and at least one second Helmholtz coil (2) arranged along a second dimension are nested with each other to form a two-dimensional Helmholtz coil, and the two-dimensional Helmholtz coil is arranged on a rotating platform (4) capable of 360° rotation through a support frame (13) to form a three-dimensional Helmholtz coil and generate a three-dimensional controllable magnetic field, wherein the rotating platform (4) is rotated in a plane or deflected at a certain tilt angle by a rotating motor, so that the three-dimensional Helmholtz coil can rotate at any angle and generate a magnetic field in any direction.

9. The three-dimensional controllable magnetic field generation and visualization measurement method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method further comprises: A plurality of magnetoresistive sensors are arranged in the form of a magnetoresistive sensor array in an internal space formed by the first Helmholtz coil (1) and the second Helmholtz coil (2), and at least two magnetoresistive sensor arrays are arranged in layers, so that each magnetoresistive sensor can measure the magnitude of the magnetic field at different positions in the internal space.

10. The three-dimensional controllable magnetic field generation and visualization measurement method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the internal space formed by the first Helmholtz coil (1) and the second Helmholtz coil (2), at least one magnetic array formed by magnetic needles is provided, the magnetic array comprising at least a first magnetic array (14) and a second magnetic array (15). The first magnetic array (14) and the second magnetic array (15) are different arrays and are arranged in layers, and the magnetic needles in the first magnetic array (14) and the magnetic needles in the second magnetic array (15) are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the optical measurement component (16) can collect rotational dynamic images of all the magnetic needles; During the adjustment of the magnetic field of the three-dimensional Helmholtz coil, the magnetic needles of the magnetic array detect the magnetic field changes at different positions and represent the magnetic field changes in a visual manner by rotating the magnetic needles.

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