A dual-power transceiver component applicable to extremely narrow pulse widths

Abstract

The present invention proposes a dual-power mode transceiver component that can be used under extremely narrow pulse width, including a transmitting channel circuit, a receiving channel circuit and a power management circuit. The transmitting channel is mainly composed of an attenuator, a single-pole single-throw switch, a gain amplifier, a driver amplifier, a final amplifier, a 3dB bridge, a coupler, a detector, and a power management circuit to complete the power amplification of the transmitted radio frequency signal. The receiving path is mainly composed of a limiter, a low-noise amplifier, a 3dB bridge, a digitally controlled attenuator, a temperature-compensated attenuator, a power supply and a control circuit to complete the low-noise amplification of the echo signal, and at the same time has a limiting protection function for high-power signals; the TR component provided by the present invention has two working modes, which can be used in large pulse width and high power mode, and can also be used in extremely narrow pulse width and low power mode, with good performance and high yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a dual-power transceiver component applicable to extremely narrow pulse widths, belonging to the technical field of radio frequency transceiver. Background Art

[0002] With the development of radar, navigation, electronic countermeasures, and microwave communications, microwave transceiver systems are required to develop towards high power, low power consumption, miniaturization, and high integration. With the development and application of microwave monolithic integrated circuit (MMIC) and multi-chip assembly (MCM) technologies, the development of transceiver components tends to be miniaturized, lightweight, and highly integrated.

[0003] As a key component of active phased array radar, the performance of the transceiver has a crucial impact on the overall radar performance. In recent years, the development of transceivers has been particularly rapid both domestically and internationally. Miniaturized, narrow-pulse-width, high-power, and multi-mode transceivers have become of great engineering significance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a dual-power mode transceiver component that can be used under extremely narrow pulse widths in response to the above-mentioned technical needs and development trends. The transceiver component mainly performs functions such as limiting amplification and power amplification of the input signal, can realize switching between two power modes, and work under extremely narrow pulse width conditions. It has the advantages of miniaturization, high integration, high power and high reliability, and provides effective technical support for the miniaturization development of microwave transceiver systems.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is a dual-power mode transceiver component applicable to extremely narrow pulse widths, comprising a transmitting channel, a receiving channel and a power management circuit.

[0006] Furthermore, the transmitting channel of the component includes a three-stage amplification chain, whose main function is to amplify the input branch RF signal step by step to ultimately achieve the required saturated output power; four power carriers are used for power synthesis. In order to improve synthesis efficiency, power capacity and miniaturization requirements, a Lange bridge with an aluminum oxide dielectric is specifically used to achieve power synthesis. Among them, one power amplifier carrier can be controlled by a pulse modulation signal, and the other three power amplifier carriers are simultaneously controlled by another pulse modulation signal, which can realize the switching of the component's large and small power states. In large-signal mode, the four power carriers work together. In small-signal mode, three of the power carriers are shut down, leaving only one power carrier working. The amplifier is powered on using a pulse power supply mode, and the amplifier's power-on pulse and the modulation pulse of the microwave switch are highly consistent in time, which improves power utilization while increasing the isolation performance of the transmitting branch. The TR component.

[0007] Furthermore, the receiving channel of the component includes a two-stage low-noise amplifier, whose primary function is to gradually amplify and output the weak signal received by the antenna. The receiving branch primarily consists of a circulator, 3dB bridge II, limiter, low-noise amplifier, 3dB bridge I, digitally controlled attenuator, single-pole, single-throw switch, temperature-compensated attenuator, low-noise amplifier, and attenuator. To improve the receiving channel's power handling performance and mitigate standing waves between branches, the receiving branch utilizes a balanced, limiting, low-noise amplifier design.

[0008] Furthermore, the component's power management circuitry includes power modulation for the transmit power amplifier and the receive low-noise amplifier, as well as negative voltage and overcurrent protection. The modulated +5V voltage powers chips such as the driver amplifier, low-noise amplifier, and driver, while the -5V voltage powers chips such as the single-pole single-throw switch, gate voltage driver, temperature-compensated attenuator, digitally controlled attenuator, and driver. To facilitate layout and routing, a multilayer PCB is used as the power feed and routing carrier. Furthermore, consideration is given to isolating digital and analog power supplies, with both digital and analog ground planes implemented to avoid electromagnetic compatibility issues.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0010] 1) It can be applied in two power modes. By controlling the final four-channel power amplifier carrier board through pulse modulation signals, it can realize two working modes: single-channel power amplifier output low power and four-channel combined output high power, thus making TR components more widely used;

[0011] 2) In large pulse width mode, pulse powering is used to control the drain of the power amplifier; in ultra-narrow pulse width mode, pulse powering is used to control the two-stage single-pole single-throw switch, and the drain of the power amplifier is powered by continuous wave, allowing the TR component to meet the requirements of various operating modes of the system;

[0012] 3) The receiving end adopts a balanced limiting low noise amplifier mode, which can improve the receiving channel's power handling capacity while also improving the standing wave between channel branches;

[0013] 4) Using multi-stage single-pole single-throw switches in the receiving channel and the transmitting channel can better improve the isolation between the transmitting channel and the receiving channel and avoid electromagnetic interference;

[0014] 5) It has a detection circuit, and the detection signal can detect whether the transmission channel is working normally, thereby improving the reliability of the entire system;

[0015] 6) The power management circuit has functions such as power modulation of the transmitting branch power amplifier, power modulation of the receiving branch low noise amplifier, and negative voltage protection, which improves the reliability of the TR component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] AttachmentFigure 1 It is a principle block diagram of the TR component in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Attachment Figure 2 4 is a transmission link control diagram of the TR component in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Attachment Figure 3 It is a receiving link control diagram of the TR component in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a power management circuit diagram of the TR component in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 4 is a circuit diagram of a gate voltage modulation chip of a TR component in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 1 is a circuit diagram of the energy storage capacitor of the TR component in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0023] In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and / or reference letters in different examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0024] In the description of this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "certain embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the exemplary descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, a dual-power mode transceiver component suitable for extremely narrow pulse widths includes a transmit channel, a receive channel, and a power management circuit. The transmit channel includes an attenuator, a single-pole, single-throw switch, a gain amplifier, a driver amplifier, a 3dB bridge, a coupler, a final amplifier, a detector, and a coupler; the receive channel consists of a circulator, a limiter, a low-noise amplifier, a 3dB bridge, a digitally controlled attenuator, a temperature-compensated attenuator, and a single-pole, single-throw switch; and the power management circuit includes a gate voltage modulation chip, a multi-function modulation chip, an energy storage capacitor, and a PMOS field-effect transistor.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the TR component's transmit channel consists of a three-stage amplification chain, and a three-stage control unit is used to control the single-pole single-throw switch and the power supply of the final power amplifier carrier board, respectively. This enables both high-power, large-pulse-width operating modes and low-power, extremely narrow-pulse-width operating modes. In high-power, large-pulse-width mode, a continuous-wave RF input signal is input from the transmit input port. TTL_T1 uses continuous-wave power to keep the single-pole single-throw switch on. TTL_T2 and TTL_T3 use pulse power mode to power the driver amplifier and the four final power amplifier carrier boards. After being amplified by the amplifier, the signal undergoes power synthesis through a two-stage bridge circuit, and finally outputs a high-power pulse signal through a circulator. In the low-power and ultra-narrow pulse width mode, the continuous wave RF input signal is input from the transmitting input port. TTL_T1 adopts the pulse power-on mode to make the single-pole single-throw switch in the pulse conduction state. TTL_T2 is not powered. TTL_T3 adopts the continuous wave power-on mode to power the driver amplifier and the single-channel final power amplifier carrier board. After being amplified by the amplifier, the signal is synthesized by the two-stage bridge power and finally outputs a low-power pulse signal through the circulator.

[0027] like Figure 3 As shown, the TR module's receiving channel includes two stages of low-noise amplification, whose primary function is to progressively amplify and output the weak signal received by the antenna. The receiving branch utilizes a balanced, limiting low-noise amplifier design, which not only improves the TR module's receiving channel's power handling characteristics but also mitigates standing waves between branches. The TR module's receiving channel utilizes a multi-stage power-controlled low-noise amplifier, a single-pole, single-throw switch, and a digitally controlled attenuator, enhancing isolation between channels and improving the reliability of the TR module.

[0028] like Figures 4 to 6As shown, the TR module's power management circuit includes a gate voltage modulation chip, a multifunction modulation chip, an energy storage capacitor, and a PMOS field-effect transistor (FET). The multifunction modulation chip drives the PMOS for high-voltage +28V modulation, as well as the +5V drive modulation required for GaAs gain amplifiers and low-noise amplifiers. The gate voltage modulation chip provides negative voltage regulation, and the output negative voltage is adjustable. The energy storage unit utilizes multiple 10uF ceramic capacitors with a voltage resistance of 50V. The TR module's power management circuitry primarily utilizes bare chips, offering a compact structure and comprehensive functionality, balancing miniaturization with diverse functionalities.

[0029] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and concepts of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-power mode transceiver component applicable to extremely narrow pulse widths, comprising a transmitting channel, a receiving channel, and a power management circuit, wherein the transmitting channel is connected to the receiving channel via the power management circuit; characterized in that: The transmitting channel includes an attenuator, a single-pole single-throw switch, a gain amplifier, a driver amplifier, a 3dB bridge, a final amplifier, a detector and a coupler; the receiving channel includes a circulator, a limiter, a low-noise amplifier, a 3dB bridge, a digitally controlled attenuator, a temperature-compensated attenuator and a single-pole single-throw switch; the power management circuit includes a gate voltage modulation chip, a multi-function modulation chip, an energy storage capacitor and a PMOS field-effect transistor; The transmitting channel includes a three-stage amplification link, which uses a three-stage control unit to control the power supply of the single-pole single-throw switch and the final-stage power amplifier carrier board respectively. The specific structure of the three-stage amplification link is as follows: the output end of the attenuator is connected to the input end of the gain amplifier via a single-pole single-throw switch, the output end of the gain amplifier is connected to the input end of the driver amplifier via a single-pole single-throw switch, the output end of the driver amplifier is connected to the input end of four final-stage amplifiers via two-stage 3dB bridges, the power of the four final-stage amplifiers is combined by four power carrier boards, and the input ends of the detector and coupler are connected via two-stage 3dB bridges. The output ends of the detector and coupler are connected to the input end of the circulator of the receiving channel; The specific structure of the receiving channel is as follows: the output end of the circulator is connected to the input end of two limiters through a first-stage 3dB bridge, the output end of each limiter is connected to the input end of a low-noise amplifier, the output end of the two low-noise amplifiers is connected to the input end of a digitally controlled attenuator through a first-stage 3dB bridge, the output end of the digitally controlled attenuator is connected to the input end of a temperature-compensated attenuator through a single-pole single-throw switch, and the output end of the temperature-compensated attenuator is connected to the receiving output end through a low-noise amplifier.

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