A three-dimensional vector nozzle

Abstract

A three-dimensional vector nozzle mechanism relates to the field of turbojet or turbofan engine power control, and is intended to solve the problem that there is no technical gap in the prior art that a three-dimensional vector nozzle specifically suitable for a small turbojet engine or turbofan engine is provided. Technical points: The vector nozzle actuator of the three-dimensional vector nozzle mechanism includes a baffle linkage limiting mechanism and a group of outer baffles and a group of inner baffles of the same number; the baffle linkage limiting mechanism is arranged on the outer surface of the cylinder formed by the alternating circumferential arrangement of the group of outer baffles and the group of inner baffles, and the adjacent outer baffles and inner baffles are overlapped to ensure the gathering of airflow; at the same time, each outer baffle and each inner baffle can realize the movement of two degrees of freedom of opening and closing and deflection; three steering gears rotate to drive three connecting rods to move simultaneously, thereby driving the direction control ring to rotate, and the movement of the direction control ring is transmitted to the baffle through the connecting plate, thereby controlling the deflection of the baffle, and realizing the steering and opening and closing of the vector nozzle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of turbojet or turbofan engine power control, and in particular to a device for controlling the direction and magnitude of engine thrust. Background Art

[0002] As the main power devices in the aviation field, turbojet engines and turbofan engines have developed very maturely. Aircraft rely on various control surfaces to control the flight direction. However, in some special cases, such as large angle of attack, supersonic maneuvers, tail fins, etc., the ability of control surfaces to control direction will be greatly reduced due to changes in air pressure and airflow. At this time, in order to effectively control the flight attitude, it is necessary to adjust the direction of the engine jet, which requires the steering of the vector nozzle to complete. The vector nozzle can enable the aircraft to make any fine attitude adjustment, and then make various maneuvers.

[0003] At present, fighter jets have two- and three-dimensional vector devices for power control, but these devices are very large and are not suitable for small turbojet engines. In other words, for low-altitude subsonic flight units, micro turbojet or turbofan engines do not have suitable vector devices to control the direction and size of power. The existing three-dimensional vector nozzles are designed for rockets and fighter jets and cannot be directly used for small turbojet engines on low-altitude subsonic flight units. The existing three-dimensional vector nozzles of rockets and fighter jets are driven by hydraulics, which are large in size and quantity, and are not suitable for small turbojet engines. The existing three-dimensional vector nozzles have low directional control accuracy.

[0004] The method of controlling the thrust by directly controlling the throttle of the engine is not ideal, because it has a serious lag, which is a serious disadvantage for fast maneuvering units. At the same time, it is an essential technical indicator for the flying unit to be able to control the attitude and heading angle. Therefore, it is imperative to propose a three-dimensional vector mechanism suitable for small turbojet engines or turbofan engines that can accurately control the direction and size of the engine thrust.

[0005] The prior art with document number CN216278194U proposes an axisymmetric three-element rectangular vector tail nozzle, which includes a transition rectifier tube, a vector control mechanism, a cross shaft and a fish scale plate. The vector control mechanism includes a fixed frame, an actuator assembly, a triangular wedge, a control ring, and a connecting ball; the fixed frame and the control ring are both hollow rectangular bodies, one end of the fixed frame is connected to the transition rectifier tube, the output end of the actuator assembly is connected to the triangular wedge, the corner end of the triangular wedge is inserted into one end of the control ring, the inclined surface of the triangular wedge contacts the inner wall of the control ring, the control ring is sleeved in the middle of the fixed frame, a gap is provided between the control ring and the fixed frame, and the fish scale plate is connected to the fixed frame and the control ring. The rectangular vector tail nozzle has good stealth and is mainly suitable for the fighter field. Since the vector tail nozzle is rectangular, the control direction is limited and the flexibility is poor, it is not suitable for the control accuracy and flexibility requirements of micro or small flight units. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are:

[0007] The present invention aims to solve the technical gap in the prior art that there is no three-dimensional vector nozzle specifically suitable for small turbojet engines or turbofan engines, and further provide a three-dimensional vector mechanism that can accurately control the direction and size of the engine thrust, so as to be suitable for micro and small turbojet engines or turbofan engines.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:

[0009] A three-dimensional vector nozzle, the three-dimensional vector nozzle comprises a driving module composed of multiple power sources, a transmission mechanism, and a vector nozzle actuator; the multiple power sources are used to be evenly installed on the outer wall of a turbojet engine or a turbofan engine through a power source bracket, the transmission mechanism comprises a direction control ring 5 for accurately controlling the direction of the engine jet and a power source connecting rod consistent with the number of power sources; the vector nozzle actuator is used to be arranged at the tail nozzle (nozzle throat) of the turbojet engine or the turbofan engine;

[0010] The vector nozzle actuator includes a baffle linkage limiting mechanism and a group of outer baffles 7-1 (blades) and a group of inner baffles 7-2 (blades) of the same number; the baffle linkage limiting mechanism is arranged on the outer surface of the cylinder formed by the alternating circumferential arrangement of the group of outer baffles 7-1 and the group of inner baffles 7-2, and the adjacent outer baffles and inner baffles are overlapped to ensure the gathering of airflow; at the same time, each outer baffle and each inner baffle can realize the movement of opening and closing and swinging with two degrees of freedom;

[0011] The power source 2 drives the corresponding position power source connecting rod 3 to drag the direction control ring 5 to move, and then controls the cylinder to close, open or change direction through the baffle linkage limit mechanism to adjust the direction of the engine jet, and finally realize the thrust direction deflection and power size control.

[0012] The transmission mechanism also includes a sleeve 4 for installation on the engine nozzle (nozzle neck), the sleeve 4 includes a detachable coaxially arranged sleeve body 23 (upper sleeve) and a sleeve connecting ring 26 (lower sleeve) for being placed in the direction control ring 5, one end of the sleeve body 23 away from the nozzle is fixed to a shoulder corresponding to the outer wall of the engine body, and the other end is connected to the sleeve connecting ring 26, and the inner wall of the sleeve connecting ring 26 is evenly distributed with connecting ears with the same number as the inner and outer baffles, and one end of each outer baffle 7-1 and each inner baffle 7-2 close to the direction control ring 5 is connected to the corresponding connecting ear through a pin 27.

[0013] The direction control ring 5 includes an outer ring 13, a middle ring 16 and an inner ring 11 arranged from the outside to the inside, and the outer side of the outer ring is evenly distributed with pin shaft interfaces 21 with the same number as the steering gear connecting rod 3.

[0014] One end of each power source connecting rod 3 is connected to the output end of the corresponding steering gear 2 through a fisheye bearing 10, and the other end of each power source connecting rod 3 is connected to the corresponding pin shaft interface 21 on the outer ring 13 of the direction control ring through the fisheye bearing 10 through a pin shaft;

[0015] The outer ring and the middle ring are connected by two outer ring pins 20, the axes of the two outer ring pins 20 pass through the center of the circle and are collinear, and one of the outer ring pins 20 and an outer pin interface 21 are at the same position; the middle ring and the inner ring are also connected by two inner ring pins 15 whose axes are collinear and pass through the center of the circle, and the axis of the inner ring pin 15 is perpendicular to the axis of the outer ring pin 20; a plurality of rollers 12 are evenly arranged on the end surface of the inner ring 11 away from the nozzle for radial positioning with the outer surface of the sleeve connecting ring 26 through line contact; a roller 19 is also provided on the end surface of the inner ring 11 away from the nozzle, which is used to cooperate with the longitudinal slide 25 on the outer surface of the sleeve connecting ring 26 for circumferential positioning, and the end surface of the inner ring 11 close to the nozzle is evenly distributed with pin interfaces 18 with the same number as the outer baffle.

[0016] Each outer baffle 7-1 includes a root outer baffle 35 (upper plate) close to the direction control ring 5 and a terminal outer baffle 39 (lower plate) away from the direction control ring 5. The root outer baffle 35 and the terminal outer baffle 39 are connected by an outer baffle connecting member 37 (middle plate). The terminal outer baffle 39 is opened and closed within a certain range relative to the root outer baffle 35 through an opening and closing axis pin 36 on the outer baffle connecting member 37. The terminal outer baffle 39 realizes a swaying motion relative to the root outer baffle 35 through a swaying axis pin 38 on the outer baffle connecting member 37.

[0017] Each inner baffle 7 - 2 includes a root inner baffle 41 close to the direction control ring 5 and a terminal inner baffle 42 close to the direction control ring 5 .

[0018] The baffle linkage limiting mechanism comprises a group of connecting plates 6 uniformly distributed circumferentially on the outer circumference of the cylinder (a cylinder formed by a group of inner and outer baffles arranged circumferentially alternately) and having the same number of outer baffles, and a group of outer baffle connecting rods 28 uniformly distributed circumferentially between the cylinder and the group of connecting plates 6, a group of root springs 17 uniformly distributed in number with the inner baffles, a group of limiting connecting pieces 43, a group of triangular supports 29 uniformly distributed in number with the outer baffles, a group of end springs 47, and a group of end limiting connecting pieces 48;

[0019] The pin interface 18 on the inner ring 11 is connected to one end of each outer baffle connecting rod 28 through a fisheye bearing 30, and each root outer baffle 35 is connected to the other end of the outer baffle connecting rod 28. At the same time, the inner ring 11 is connected through a group of root springs 17 and the inner baffle hanging hole 32 on the root inner baffle 41;

[0020] Each end inner baffle 42 is connected to the end outer baffles 39 on both sides thereof via a limiting connecting piece 43; the limiting connecting piece 43 is close to the outer baffle connecting piece 37;

[0021] Each end outer baffle 39 is provided with a triangular support 29, and two bearings at the bottom of the triangular support 29 are hinged to the connecting ears of the end outer baffle 39, the large end of each connecting plate 6 is hinged to the outer ring 13 of the direction control ring 5, and the small end of each connecting plate 6 is connected to the top bearing of the corresponding triangular support 29.

[0022] Each connecting plate 6 is connected to a terminal spring 47 on both sides close to the small end, and the other end of each terminal spring 47 is connected to the terminal inner baffle 42;

[0023] Each end inner baffle 42 is connected to its adjacent end outer baffle 39 via an end limiting connecting piece 48 .

[0024] Each limiting connecting member 43 is composed of two ∞-shaped pieces arranged crosswise, and the intersection of the two ∞-shaped pieces is connected to the end inner baffle 42 through a pin shaft. The two ∞-shaped pieces have four slide grooves, and the two slide grooves on one side are connected to the end outer baffle 39 on one side of the end inner baffle 42 through a pin shaft, and the two slide grooves on the other side are connected to the end outer baffle 39 on the other side of the end inner baffle 42 through a pin shaft.

[0025] The baffle linkage limiting mechanism also includes a set of pin blocking pieces, and the protruding ends of the four corresponding pins on two adjacent limiting connecting members 43 are connected by the pin blocking pieces for preventing the ∞-shaped pieces from moving out of the pins.

[0026] The end limit connecting piece 48 is composed of an ∞-shaped piece, the midpoint of which is connected to the end inner baffle 42 through a pin shaft, and the sliding grooves on both sides of the ∞-shaped piece are respectively connected to the end outer baffle 39 on the corresponding side through pin shafts.

[0027] There are three power sources for controlling the direction and size of the nozzle, and the power sources are a steering gear (1), a servo motor or a hydraulic unit that can realize the reciprocating motion of the steering gear connecting rod and thus drive the direction control ring to move.

[0028] The vector nozzle actuator includes a baffle linkage limiting mechanism and a group of outer baffles 7-1 (blades) and a group of inner baffles 7-2 (blades) of the same number; the baffle linkage limiting mechanism is arranged on the outer surface of the cylinder formed by the alternating circumferential arrangement of the group of outer baffles 7-1 and the group of inner baffles 7-2, and the adjacent outer baffles and inner baffles are overlapped together to ensure the gathering of airflow; at the same time, each outer baffle and each inner baffle can realize the movement of opening and closing and swinging with two degrees of freedom; the baffle linkage limiting mechanism is used to control the cylinder to retract, open or change direction, so as to adjust the direction of the engine jet, and finally realize the thrust direction deflection and power size control.

[0029] The present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the three-dimensional vector nozzle of the present invention realizes the coordination relationship of the three pull rods through the rotation of the steering gear, which can realize the deflection of the thrust in any direction in the two-dimensional plane, and can also realize the opening and closing of the nozzle to control the thrust size. The three-dimensional vector nozzle of the present invention adopts the structure of the direction control ring 5 to ensure that it can rotate 360 ​​degrees around the thrust axis when deflecting. The direction control ring 5 adopts a gyroscopic structure of inner, middle and outer rings. The structure is certain, and the direction control ring 5 used in the present invention ensures the control accuracy.

[0031] The steering gear bracket fixes the steering gear on the outer wall of the engine. The steering gear module drives the connecting rod, which drags the control ring to deflect. The inner ring of the control ring can move axially along the sleeve fixed on the neck of the engine nozzle, and is also circumferentially positioned based on the sleeve. The outer ring deflects to drive the connecting plate to push the blades of the baffle to deflect, and finally realizes the thrust direction deflection and power size control. The power source uses multiple (three) steering gears, which are evenly distributed on the circumference and work synchronously to realize the control of the nozzle direction and opening size. In addition to the steering gear, the power source (drive unit) of the present invention can also be replaced with a servo motor or a hydraulic unit, etc., which can realize the reciprocating motion of the connecting rod to push the direction control ring.

[0032] The baffle structure of the present invention is composed of multiple blades, each blade is stacked on top of each other to ensure the gathering of airflow, and at the same time a single blade has two degrees of freedom to achieve movement in two directions, that is, the sleeve in the present invention is divided into two parts, and the length of the upper sleeve can be changed according to the length of the engine nozzle neck.

[0033] The direction control ring adopts a structure of three concentric circular rings, and the axes of the connecting pins of two adjacent circular rings are perpendicular to each other, so that the inner ring can be fixed, the outer ring can be deflected to any direction around the center of the circle, and the middle ring is driven to cooperate with the outer ring to ensure the control accuracy of the present invention. The direction control ring of the present invention can be replaced with a circular ring of other structures to ensure that the circular ring is always coaxial with the engine nozzle when the baffle is turning and deflecting.

[0034] The number of baffle blades can be changed according to the engine diameter and the difficulty of control. At the same time, the inner and outer baffles have two degrees of freedom: left and right swing and inside and outside flipping, to achieve the turning and opening and closing of the nozzle.

[0035] Therefore, the present invention provides a power adjustment mechanism that can be used for a small turbojet engine, solving the needs of thrust direction adjustment and magnitude control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the steering gear bracket of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting plate of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the direction control loop structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the sleeve structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the upper structure of the sleeve of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the baffle of the present invention;

[0044] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the outer baffle structure of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the inner baffle structure of the present invention; Fig.11 It is the real picture of the present invention (for reference).

[0046] In the figure: servo bracket 1, servo 2, connecting rod 3, sleeve 4, direction control ring 5, connecting plate 6, baffle 7, bolt 8, bolt 9, fisheye bearing 10, direction control ring inner ring 11, roller 12, direction control ring outer ring 13, pin 14, inner ring pin 15, middle ring 16, root spring 17, pin 18, roller 19, outer ring pin 20, pin interface 21, bolt 22, upper sleeve 23, bolt 24, slide 25, lower sleeve 26, pin 27, connecting rod 28, triangular bracket 29 (triangular support 29), fisheye bearing 30, fisheye bearing 31, hanging hole 32, stud 33, inner baffle hanging hole 34, upper plate 35, opening and closing pin 36, middle plate (outer baffle connecting piece) 37, swing pin 38, lower plate 39, connecting rod 40, upper inner plate 41, lower inner plate 42, spring leaf 43 (limit connecting piece 43), triangular bottom side through hole 44, side hanging hole 45, triangular top end 46, end spring 47, end limit connecting piece 48, limit plate (limiting piece) 49. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0048] The three-dimensional vector nozzle of the present invention includes components such as a steering gear, a steering gear bracket, a connecting rod, a connecting plate, a direction control ring, a sleeve and a baffle. The steering gear is fixed to the steering gear bracket by bolts, and the steering gear bracket is fixed to the outer wall of the turbojet engine by bolts. One end of the sleeve is fixed to the neck of the turbojet nozzle by bolts, and the other end is connected to the baffle by an axle pin. The outer ring of the direction control ring is connected to one end of the connecting rod by an axle pin, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the output end of the steering gear, and the inner ring of the direction control ring is connected to the outer wall groove of the sleeve by a slideway. At the same time, the outer ring of the direction control ring is connected to the connecting plate by a pin shaft, and the other end of the connecting plate is connected to the triangular bracket of the baffle through a fisheye bearing. At the same time, the connecting plate and the baffle are connected by a spring connection to ensure the spatial position of the baffle. The three steering gears rotate to drive the three connecting rods to move simultaneously, thereby driving the direction control ring to rotate, and the movement of the direction control ring is transmitted to the baffle through the connecting plate, thereby controlling the deflection of the baffle, and realizing the steering and opening and closing of the vector nozzle. The following is a specific description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0049] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, the three-dimensional vector nozzle of the present invention includes several components such as a steering gear 2, a steering gear bracket 1, a connecting rod 3, a connecting plate 6, a direction control ring 5, a sleeve 4 and a baffle 7; the steering gear 2 is fixed to the steering gear bracket 1 by a bolt 8; the steering gear bracket 1 is fixed to the positioning hole on the outer wall of the engine by a bolt 9; one end of the connecting rod 3 is connected to the steering gear 2 by a fisheye bearing 10, and the other end is connected to the outer ring pin 21 of the direction control ring by the fisheye bearing 10; the inner ring 11 of the direction control ring is restricted to the slideway 25 on the outer wall of the sleeve 4 by a roller 19 The inner edge slides linearly; one end of the upper part of the sleeve 4 is fixed to the neck of the engine nozzle by a bolt 22, and the other end is connected to the baffle 7 by a pin 27; the baffle 7 is connected to the connecting plate 6 by a triangular bracket 29, and the connecting piece is a fisheye bearing 31. The baffle 7 is connected to the inner ring 11 of the direction control ring by a connecting rod 28, and the connecting piece is a bearing 30. At the same time, the baffle 7 is connected to the inner ring 11 of the direction control ring and the connecting plate 6 by a spring 17; the other end of the connecting plate 6 is connected to the outer ring 13 of the direction control ring by a pin 14.

[0050] Reference Figure 5-10 The direction control ring has three layers, which are outer ring 13, middle ring 16 and inner ring 11 from outside to inside. Three pin shafts 21 interfaces are evenly distributed on the outer side of the outer ring for connecting with the connecting rod 3. The outer ring and the middle ring are connected by two pin shafts 20. The axes of the two outer ring pin shafts 20 pass through the center of the circle and are collinear. One of the pin shafts 20 and the outer pin shaft interface 21 are at the same position point; the middle ring and the inner ring are also connected by the inner ring pin shaft 15 whose two axes are collinear and pass through the center of the circle, and the axis of the inner ring pin shaft 15 is perpendicular to the axis of the outer ring pin shaft 20; five rollers 12 are evenly distributed on the upper edge of the inner ring for positioning, and an inner roller 19 cooperates with the slideway 25 on the outer side of the sleeve for guiding. Eight pin shafts 18 interfaces are evenly distributed on the lower edge, which are connected to the connecting rod 28 on the outer baffle through a bearing 30. At the same time, the inner ring is connected to the inner baffle hanging hole 32 through eight evenly distributed springs 17.

[0051] Reference Figure 4 There are multiple connecting plates 6, and the number of connecting plates 6 is determined according to the nozzle diameter. There are eight connecting plates 6 of this specification, which are evenly distributed on the outer ring of the direction control ring. The connecting plates 6 are in the shape of an acute triangle. The through hole 44 on the bottom side of the triangle is connected to the outer ring of the direction control ring through the pin 14, and the top 46 of the triangle is connected to the baffle triangle bracket 29 through the fisheye bearing 31, and the side hanging holes 45 on both sides are connected to the inner baffle hanging holes 34 through springs.

[0052] Reference Figure 6-7 The sleeve is divided into two parts, the length of the upper sleeve 23 is determined by the length of the engine nozzle neck, and the upper edge is connected to the engine neck by a bolt 22; the upper edge of the lower sleeve 26 and the lower edge of the upper sleeve are fixed by bolts 24, and the lower edge is connected to the inner and outer baffles through 16 evenly distributed pin shaft 27 interfaces, and the 16 interfaces are staggered.

[0053] Reference Figure 8 –10, the baffle 7 is composed of 16 units, which are divided into 8 outer baffles and 8 inner baffles, and the outer baffles and the inner baffles are evenly distributed along the inner ring. The outer baffle is divided into three parts: upper 35, middle 37, and lower 39, which are connected by pins respectively. The upper plate 35 and the middle plate 37 are realized by pins 36 to swing up and down, and the middle plate 37 and the lower plate 39 are connected by pins 38 to rotate left and right. The axes of the two rotating shafts are perpendicular. The upper part 35 has a connecting rod 28 connected by a fisheye bearing, and the lower part 39 has a triangular bracket 29 composed of three fisheye bearings 31 and two connecting rods 40; the inner baffle is used to compensate for the gap, and the upper inner plate 41 and the lower inner plate 42 have hanging holes 32 and 34, which are used to connect with the inner ring 11 of the direction control ring and the hanging hole 36 of the connecting plate through the spring 17. The outer baffle and the inner baffle are positioned relative to each other through the spring leaf 43 and the stud 33.

[0054] In the present invention, the steering gear is fixed to the steering gear bracket by bolts; the steering gear bracket is fixed to the outer wall of the engine by bolts; one end of the connecting rod is connected to the steering gear through a fisheye bearing, and the other end is connected to the outer ring of the direction control ring through a fisheye bearing; the inner ring of the direction control ring is restricted to slide in a straight line in the slideway of the outer wall of the sleeve by a roller; one end of the sleeve is fixed to the neck of the engine nozzle by bolts, and the other end is connected to the baffle by a pin shaft; the baffle is connected to the connecting plate by a triangular bracket, the connecting member is a fisheye bearing, the baffle is connected to the inner ring of the direction control ring through a connecting rod, the connecting member is a bearing, and the baffle is respectively connected to the inner ring of the direction control ring and the connecting plate by a spring; the other end of the connecting plate is connected to the outer ring of the direction control ring by a pin shaft. The power source adopts a steering gear, and three steering gears can be provided, distributed on the outer wall of the engine, and each steering gear controls the push and pull of a connecting rod. The power source bracket (steering gear bracket body) has three steering gear installation positions, and the annular structure is sleeved on the engine and fixed to the outer wall of the engine. There are three connecting rods (power source connecting rods 3), both ends of which are fisheye bearings, and are connected to the steering gear output end and the outer ring of the direction control ring through pins. There are multiple connecting plates, and the number of connecting plates is determined according to the nozzle diameter. There are eight connecting plates in this specification, which are evenly distributed on the outer ring of the direction control ring. The connecting plates are in the shape of an acute triangle, and the bottom side of the triangle is connected to the outer ring of the direction control ring through a pin, and the top of the triangle is connected to the baffle triangle bracket through a fisheye bearing, and the two sides are connected to the baffle through springs. The direction control ring has three layers, which are outer ring, middle ring and inner ring from outside to inside. Three pin shaft interfaces are evenly distributed on the outside of the outer ring for connecting with the connecting rod. The outer ring and the middle ring are connected by two pin shafts. The axes of the two outer ring pin shafts pass through the center of the circle and are collinear. One of the pin shafts and the outer pin shaft interface are at the same position point; the middle ring and the inner ring are also connected by the inner ring pin shaft whose two axes are collinear and pass through the center of the circle, and the axis of the inner ring pin shaft is perpendicular to the axis of the outer ring pin shaft; five rollers are evenly distributed on the upper edge of the inner ring for positioning, and an inner roller and the slideway on the outer side of the sleeve are used for guiding; eight pin shaft interfaces are evenly distributed on the lower edge, which are connected to the connecting rod on the outer baffle through the bearing, and the inner ring is connected to the inner baffle through eight evenly distributed springs. The sleeve is divided into two parts, the length of the upper sleeve is determined by the length of the engine nozzle neck, and the upper edge is connected to the engine neck by bolts; the upper edge of the lower sleeve and the lower edge of the upper sleeve are fixed by bolts, and the lower edge is connected to the inner and outer baffles by pins through 16 evenly distributed pin interfaces, and the 16 interfaces are staggered. The baffle consists of 16 units, which are divided into 8 outer baffles and 8 inner baffles, and the outer baffles and the inner baffles are evenly distributed along the inner ring.The outer baffle is divided into three parts: upper, middle and lower, which are connected by pins. The upper and middle parts can swing up and down, and the middle and lower parts can rotate left and right. The two rotating shafts are perpendicular. The upper part has a connecting rod connected by a fisheye bearing, and the lower part has a triangular bracket composed of three fisheye bearings and two connecting rods. The inner baffle is used to compensate for the gap. The upper and lower parts have hooks, which are used to connect the inner ring of the direction control ring and the connecting plate through springs. The outer baffle and the inner baffle are positioned relative to each other through springs.

[0055] The working process of the present invention is as follows: in the actual operation process of the present invention, the three servos in the servo 2 respectively rotate to push the connecting rod 3, and the connecting rod 3 drives the outer ring 13 of the direction control ring 5 to move synchronously. Because the working principle of the control ring 5 is the working principle of the gyroscope, it can ensure that the outer ring 13 can achieve any angle of inclination, and the outer ring 13 drives the connecting plate 6 to push the inner and outer baffle plates of the baffle 7 to deflect as required. When the servo 2 as a whole synchronously drives the connecting rod 3 to perform a push-pull action, the opening and closing of the end baffle plate can be realized, thereby realizing the power size control.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional vector nozzle, characterized in that: The three-dimensional vector nozzle comprises a driving module composed of a plurality of power sources, a transmission mechanism, and a vector nozzle actuator; the plurality of power sources are used to be evenly installed on the outer wall of a turbojet engine or a turbofan engine through a power source bracket, the transmission mechanism comprises a direction control ring (5) for accurately controlling the direction of the engine jet and a power source connecting rod having the same number as the power sources; the vector nozzle actuator is used to be arranged at the tail nozzle of the turbojet engine or the turbofan engine; The vector nozzle actuator comprises a baffle linkage limiting mechanism and a group of outer baffles (7-1) and a group of inner baffles (7-2) of the same number; the baffle linkage limiting mechanism is arranged on the outer surface of the cylinder formed by the group of outer baffles (7-1) and the group of inner baffles (7-2) arranged alternately in a circumferential direction, and the adjacent outer baffles and inner baffles are overlapped to ensure the gathering of airflow; at the same time, each outer baffle and each inner baffle can realize the movement of two degrees of freedom, namely opening and closing and deflection; The power source (2) drives the corresponding power source connecting rod (3) to drag the direction control ring (5) to move, and then controls the cylinder to close, open or change direction through the baffle linkage limit mechanism, so as to adjust the direction of the engine jet, and finally realize thrust direction deflection and power size control; The transmission mechanism further comprises a sleeve (4) for mounting on the engine nozzle, the sleeve (4) comprising a detachable coaxially arranged sleeve body (23) and a sleeve connecting ring (26) for being placed in the direction control ring (5), one end of the sleeve body (23) away from the nozzle is fixed to a shoulder corresponding to the outer wall of the engine body, and the other end is connected to the sleeve connecting ring (26), the inner wall of the sleeve connecting ring (26) is evenly provided with connecting ears of the same number as the inner and outer baffles, and one end of each outer baffle (7-1) and each inner baffle (7-2) close to the direction control ring (5) is connected to the corresponding connecting ear via a pin (27); The direction control ring (5) comprises an outer ring (13), a middle ring (16) and an inner ring (11) arranged from the outside to the inside, and the outer side of the outer ring is evenly provided with pin shaft interfaces (21) with the same number as the power source connecting rod (3). One end of each power source connecting rod (3) is connected to the output end of the corresponding steering gear (2) through a fisheye bearing (10), and the other end of each power source connecting rod (3) is connected to the corresponding pin shaft interface (21) on the outer ring (13) of the direction control ring through the fisheye bearing (10) through a pin shaft; The outer ring and the middle ring are connected by two outer ring pins (20), the axes of the two outer ring pins (20) pass through the center of the circle and are collinear, and one of the outer ring pins (20) and an outer pin interface (21) are at the same position point; the middle ring and the inner ring are also connected by two inner ring pins (15) whose axes are collinear and pass through the center of the circle, and the axes of the inner ring pins (15) and the outer ring pins (20) are perpendicular; a plurality of rollers (12) are evenly arranged on the end surface of the inner ring (11) away from the nozzle for radial positioning with the outer surface of the sleeve connecting ring (26) through line contact; a roller (12) is also provided on the end surface of the inner ring (11) away from the nozzle for cooperating with the longitudinal slideway (25) on the outer surface of the sleeve connecting ring (26) for circumferential positioning, and the end surface of the inner ring (11) close to the nozzle is evenly arranged with pin interfaces (21) with the same number as the outer baffle.

2. A three-dimensional vector nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each outer baffle (7-1) comprises a root outer baffle (35) close to the direction control ring (5) and a terminal outer baffle (39) away from the direction control ring (5); the root outer baffle (35) and the terminal outer baffle (39) are connected via an outer baffle connecting piece (37); the terminal outer baffle (39) opens and closes within a certain range relative to the root outer baffle (35) via an opening and closing axis pin (36) on the outer baffle connecting piece (37); and the terminal outer baffle (39) performs a swaying motion relative to the root outer baffle (35) via a swaying axis pin (38) on the outer baffle connecting piece (37); Each inner baffle (7-2) comprises a root inner baffle (41) close to the direction control ring (5) and a terminal inner baffle (42) close to the direction control ring (5).

3. A three-dimensional vector nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The baffle linkage limiting mechanism comprises a group of connecting plates (6) uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and arranged on the outer circumference of the cylinder and having the same number of outer baffles, and a group of outer baffle connecting rods (28) uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and located between the cylinder and the group of connecting plates (6), a group of root springs (17) having the same number of inner baffles, a group of limiting connecting pieces (43), a group of triangular supports (29) having the same number of outer baffles, a group of end springs (47), and a group of end limiting connecting pieces (48); The pin interface (21) on the inner ring (11) is connected to one end of each outer baffle connecting rod (28) through a fisheye bearing (10), each root outer baffle (35) is connected to the other end of the outer baffle connecting rod (28), and the inner ring (11) is connected to the inner baffle hanging hole (32) on the root inner baffle (41) through a group of root springs (17); Each end inner baffle (42) is connected to the end outer baffles (39) on both sides thereof via a limiting connecting piece (43); the limiting connecting piece (43) is close to the outer baffle connecting piece (37); Each end outer baffle (39) is provided with a triangular support (29), two bearings at the bottom of the triangular support (29) are hinged to the connecting ears of the end outer baffle (39), the large end of each connecting plate (6) is hinged to the outer ring (13) of the direction control ring (5), and the small end of each connecting plate (6) is connected to the top bearing of the corresponding triangular support (29). Each connecting plate (6) is connected to an end spring (47) on both sides close to the small end, and the other end of each end spring (47) is connected to the end inner baffle (42); Each end inner baffle (42) is connected to its adjacent end outer baffle (39) via an end limiting connecting piece (48).

4. A three-dimensional vector nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each limit connecting member (43) is composed of two ∞-shaped pieces arranged crosswise, and the intersection of the two ∞-shaped pieces is connected to the end inner baffle (42) through a pin shaft. The two ∞-shaped pieces have four slide grooves, and the two slide grooves on one side are connected to the end outer baffle (39) on one side of the end inner baffle (42) through a pin shaft, and the two slide grooves on the other side are connected to the end outer baffle (39) on the other side of the end inner baffle (42) through a pin shaft.

5. A three-dimensional vector nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The baffle linkage limiting mechanism also includes a group of pin blocking pieces, and the protruding ends of the four corresponding pins on two adjacent limiting connecting pieces (43) are connected via the pin blocking pieces for preventing the ∞-shaped pieces from moving out of the pins.

6. A three-dimensional vector nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end limit connecting piece (48) is composed of an ∞-shaped piece, the midpoint of which is connected to the end inner baffle (42) via a pin shaft, and the sliding grooves on both sides of the ∞-shaped piece are connected to the end outer baffle (39) on the corresponding side via pin shafts.

7. A three-dimensional vector nozzle according to claim 6, characterized in that: There are three power sources for controlling the direction and size of the nozzle, and the power sources are steering gears that can realize the reciprocating motion of the power source connecting rod and thus drive the direction control ring to move.

8. The three-dimensional vector nozzle according to claim 6, characterized in that: There are three power sources for controlling the direction and size of the nozzle, and the power sources are servo motors that can realize the reciprocating motion of the power source connecting rod and thus drive the direction control ring to move.

9. The three-dimensional vector nozzle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of power sources for realizing the control of the nozzle direction and the opening size is three, and the power sources are hydraulic units that can realize the reciprocating motion of the power source connecting rod and thus drive the direction control ring to move.

10. A vector nozzle actuator applied to the three-dimensional vector nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The vector nozzle actuator comprises a baffle linkage limiting mechanism and a group of outer baffles (7-1) and a group of inner baffles (7-2) of the same number; the baffle linkage limiting mechanism is arranged on the outer surface of the cylinder formed by the group of outer baffles (7-1) and the group of inner baffles (7-2) arranged alternately in a circumferential direction, and the adjacent outer baffles and inner baffles are overlapped to ensure the gathering of airflow; at the same time, each outer baffle and each inner baffle can realize the movement of opening and closing and swinging with two degrees of freedom; the baffle linkage limiting mechanism is used to control the cylinder to close, open or change direction, so as to adjust the direction of the engine jet, and finally realize the deflection of thrust direction and the control of power size.

Images