An experimental device and method for testing the impact resistance of anchor bolts

Abstract

The present invention provides a test device and method for testing the impact resistance of anchor bolts, relating to the technical field of indoor testing in geotechnical engineering. The test device for testing the impact resistance of anchor bolts includes a support platform, a first gripper, a second gripper, an anchor bolt to be tested, a fixing material to be tested, a vertical frame, a confining pressure applying unit, a radial impact unit, an axial impact unit and an axial loading unit. The test device and method for testing the impact resistance of anchor bolts according to the present invention can perform impact resistance tests on anchor bolts to be tested of different models and for fixing materials to be tested of set specifications under impact actions of set grades; the test device has a simple structure, facilitating test operations by operators and conveniently exploring the influencing factors of the impact resistance of anchor bolts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of indoor testing of geotechnical engineering, and more specifically, to a test device and method for testing the impact resistance of anchor bolts. Background Art

[0002] To meet the needs of the national economic development, the basic engineering construction and resource development in China are gradually developing towards the deep part, and the importance of surrounding rock support is more prominent. Blasting construction used in the excavation of underground engineering tunnels, rock bursts caused by high in-situ stresses, and vibrations generated during engineering construction will have an impact on the anchor bolts of the already constructed support, which will cause many adverse effects on the safe construction and support of underground engineering. Therefore, it is particularly important to test the impact resistance of anchor bolts, but there is currently no mature indoor test device to test the impact resistance of anchor bolts. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a test device and method for testing the impact resistance of anchor bolts, which simulate the state of the anchor bolt under the action of surrounding rock force and test the impact resistance of the anchor bolt.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A test device for testing the impact resistance of anchor bolts includes a support platform, a first clamp, a second clamp, an anchor bolt to be tested, a fixing material to be tested, a vertical frame, a confining pressure application unit, a radial impact unit, an axial impact unit, and an axial loading unit;

[0006] The first clamp and the second clamp are sequentially arranged on the support platform. A first clamping part is arranged on the first clamp, and a second clamping part is arranged on the second clamp;

[0007] One side of the anchor bolt to be tested is located within the first clamping part, and the other side of the anchor bolt to be tested is located within the second clamping part. Strain gauges are attached to the outer surface of the anchor bolt to be tested, and the fixing material to be tested is filled between the anchor bolt to be tested and the first clamping part and between the anchor bolt to be tested and the second clamping part;

[0008] The confining pressure application unit is arranged on the vertical frame, and the confining pressure application unit acts on the first clamp to apply confining pressure to one side of the anchor bolt to be tested;

[0009] The radial impact unit is arranged on the vertical frame. The radial impact unit includes a sliding seat, a first hoist, a first trigger controller, a first towing rope and a first impact hammer. The sliding seat is slidably connected to the vertical frame and can be locked to the vertical frame through a limiting mechanism. The first hoist and the first trigger controller are arranged on the sliding seat. The first hoist is connected to the first impact hammer through the first towing rope. The first impact hammer moves along the vertical direction. The first hoist hoists the first impact hammer to a set height through the first towing rope. The first trigger controller is used to release the traction of the first towing rope by the first hoist, so that the first impact hammer falls downward to act on the second gripper, and an impact force is applied radially to the other side of the anchor to be tested.

[0010] The axial impact unit is arranged on the vertical frame. The axial impact unit includes a second hoist, a second trigger controller, a second towing rope and a second impact hammer. The second hoist and the second trigger controller are arranged on the vertical frame. The second hoist is connected to the second impact hammer through the second towing rope. The second impact hammer moves along the vertical direction.

[0011] The axially loaded unit includes a connector, a third towing rope, a fixed pulley and an impact seat. The connector is connected to the end of the anchor to be tested. One end of the third towing rope is connected to the connector. The third towing rope is deflected by the fixed pulley. The other end of the third towing rope is connected to the impact seat. The impact seat moves along the vertical direction. The impact seat is located below the second impact hammer.

[0012] The second hoist hoists the second impact hammer to a set height through the second towing rope. The second trigger controller is used to release the traction of the second towing rope by the second hoist, so that the second impact hammer falls downward to act on the impact seat. The impact seat acts on the connector through the third towing rope, and an impact force is applied axially to the anchor to be tested.

[0013] Preferably, the first gripper includes a first lower gripper seat and a first upper gripper seat. The first lower gripper seat is arranged on the support platform. The first upper gripper seat is located above the first lower gripper seat. The space jointly surrounded by the first lower gripper seat and the first upper gripper seat is set as the first gripping part. The first upper gripper seat is slidably connected to the support platform and can move relative to the support platform along the vertical direction.

[0014] Preferably, the confining pressure applying unit includes a loading jack, a loading head, and a pressure sensor. The sensing end of the pressure sensor is connected to the oil injection end of the loading jack. The loading jack is arranged along the vertical direction. The cylinder end of the loading jack is disposed on the vertical frame, and the telescopic end of the loading jack is provided with the loading head. The loading head is located above the first upper clamping seat. The telescopic end of the loading jack extends relative to the cylinder end so that the loading head acts on the first upper clamping seat.

[0015] Preferably, the second gripper includes an airbag, a second lower clamping seat, and a second upper clamping seat. The airbag is disposed on the support platform. The airbag is connected to an inflation unit. The second lower clamping seat is located above the airbag. The second lower clamping seat is slidably connected to the support platform and moves relative to the support platform in the vertical direction. The second upper clamping seat is located above the second lower clamping seat. The space jointly surrounded by the second lower clamping seat and the second upper clamping seat is set as the second clamping portion. The second upper clamping seat is slidably connected to the support platform and moves relative to the support platform in the vertical direction.

[0016] Preferably, a guiding column is provided at the bottom of the sliding seat. The guiding column extends along the vertical direction. A first through hole penetrating up and down is formed in the first impact hammer. The guiding column passes through the first through hole, and the first impact hammer is slidably engaged with the guiding column through the first through hole.

[0017] Preferably, a second through hole penetrating up and down is formed in the second impact hammer. The third towing rope passes through the second through hole, and the second impact hammer is slidably engaged with the third towing rope through the second through hole.

[0018] Preferably, the limiting mechanism includes a first limiting hole, a second limiting hole, and a limiting pin. The first limiting hole is formed in the sliding seat. The second limiting holes are provided in plurality. The plurality of second limiting holes are sequentially formed in the vertical frame. The plurality of second limiting holes are located on the path of the sliding seat. The limiting pin connects the first limiting hole and one of the second limiting holes.

[0019] Preferably, a control unit is further included. The control unit is respectively connected to the first hoist, the first trigger controller, the second hoist, and the second trigger controller through signal cables.

[0020] Preferably, a threaded hole is provided at one end of the connector connected to the anchor rod to be tested, and the end of the anchor rod to be tested is threadedly connected to the threaded hole.

[0021] A method for testing the impact resistance of an anchor rod, applying the above-mentioned test device for testing the impact resistance of an anchor rod, the method is as follows:

[0022] Step 1: Select the anchor rod to be tested with a set model and select the fixing material to be tested with a set specification.

[0023] Step 2: Adjust the second clamping part and the first clamping part to be in the same axial position. Arrange one side of the anchor rod to be tested in the first clamping part and the other side of the anchor rod to be tested in the second clamping part. Affix strain gauges on the outer surface of the anchor rod to be tested. Fill the fixing material to be tested between the anchor rod to be tested and the first clamping part and between the anchor rod to be tested and the second clamping part. Connect the adapter to the end of the anchor rod to be tested.

[0024] Step 3: Act on the first clamp by the confining pressure applying unit to apply confining pressure to one side of the anchor rod to be tested.

[0025] Step 4: Select the first impact hammer with a set weight. Lift the first impact hammer to a set height by the first hoist via the first towing rope. The first trigger controller releases the traction of the first hoist on the first towing rope. The first impact hammer falls downward and acts on the second clamp to apply impact forces radially at different positions on the other side of the anchor rod to be tested.

[0026] Select the second impact hammer with a set weight. Lift the second impact hammer to a set height by the second hoist via the second towing rope. The second trigger controller releases the traction of the second hoist on the second towing rope. The second impact hammer falls downward and acts on the impact seat to apply impact forces axially to the anchor rod to be tested.

[0027] Step 5: Dismantle the anchor rod to be tested, observe the failure mode of the anchor rod to be tested, and characterize the impact forces received by the anchor rod to be tested through the strain gauges.

[0028] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0029] The test device and method for testing the impact resistance of anchor rods of the present invention can conduct impact resistance tests on anchor rods to be tested of different models and for fixing materials to be tested with set specifications under impact actions of set grades. Specifically, the confining pressure applying unit and the first clamp can be used in cooperation to simulate the state of the anchor rod to be tested under the force of surrounding rock. The radial impact unit and the second clamp can be used in cooperation to apply impact forces of set grades radially at different positions of the anchor rod to be tested. The axial impact unit and the axial loading unit can be used in cooperation to apply impact forces of set grades axially to the anchor rod to be tested. The test device has a simple structure, which is convenient for operators to conduct test operations and can conveniently explore the influencing factors of the impact resistance of anchor rods. Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 It is the front view of the test device for testing the impact resistance of anchor rods according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 The top view of the test device for the impact resistance test of the anchor rod according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 The structural schematic diagram of the connector part according to the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the following further elaborates on the present invention in detail with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention will be described more comprehensively with reference to the accompanying drawings later. In fact, various embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments described herein; rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention meet the applicable legal requirements.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] In the embodiment of the present invention, a test device for the impact resistance test of the anchor rod is provided. Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 as shown.

[0036] A test device for the impact resistance test of the anchor rod includes a support platform 11, a first gripper (a first lower gripper seat 211 and a first upper gripper seat 212), a second gripper (an airbag 221, a second lower gripper seat 222 and a second upper gripper seat 223), a to-be-tested anchor rod 31, a to-be-tested fixing material 32, an upright frame 12, a confining pressure applying unit (a loading jack 41, a loading indenter 42 and a pressure sensor 43), a radial impact unit (a sliding seat 51, a first hoist 52, a first trigger controller 53, a first towing rope 54 and a first impact hammer 55), an axial impact unit (a second hoist 61, a second trigger controller 62, a second towing rope 63 and a second impact hammer 64), and an axial loading unit (a connector 71, a third towing rope 72, a fixed pulley 73 and an impact seat 74).

[0037] The first gripper and the second gripper are sequentially arranged on the support platform 11 from left to right. A first clamping portion is provided on the first gripper, and a second clamping portion is provided on the second gripper.

[0038] The first gripper includes a first lower gripper seat 211 and a first upper gripper seat 212. The first lower gripper seat 211 is arranged on the left side of the support platform 11. The first upper gripper seat 212 is located above the first lower gripper seat 211. The space jointly surrounded by the first lower gripper seat 211 and the first upper gripper seat 212 is set as the first gripping part. Among them, a guide rail is arranged along the vertical direction on the left side of the support platform 11. A slider cooperating with the guide rail is arranged on the first upper gripper seat 212, so that the first upper gripper seat 212 is slidably connected to the support platform 11, and the first upper gripper seat 212 can move relative to the support platform 11 along the vertical direction, so that the first upper gripper seat 212 approaches or moves away from the first lower gripper seat 211.

[0039] The second gripper includes an airbag 221, a second lower gripper seat 222 and a second upper gripper seat 223. The airbag 221 is arranged on the right side of the support platform 11. The airbag 221 is connected with an inflation unit, and the inflation unit can be an air pump. The airbag 221 is inflated by the inflation unit to make the airbag 221 expand. The expansion of the airbag 221 drives the second lower gripper seat 222 and the second upper gripper seat 223 to rise, so as to adjust the second gripping part to be in the same axis position as the first gripping part. The second lower gripper seat 222 is located above the airbag 221. A guide rail is arranged along the vertical direction below the right side of the support platform 11. A slider cooperating with the guide rail is arranged on the second lower gripper seat 222, so that the second lower gripper seat 222 is slidably connected to the support platform 11, and the second lower gripper seat 222 can move relative to the support platform 11 along the vertical direction. The second upper gripper seat 223 is located above the second lower gripper seat 222. The space jointly surrounded by the second lower gripper seat 222 and the second upper gripper seat 223 is set as the second gripping part. A guide rail is arranged along the vertical direction above the right side of the support platform 11. A slider cooperating with the guide rail is arranged on the second upper gripper seat 223, so that the second upper gripper seat 223 is slidably connected to the support platform 11, and the second upper gripper seat 223 can move relative to the support platform 11 along the vertical direction.

[0040] In addition, when the first impact hammer 55 described below falls downward and acts on the second upper gripper seat 223, the second upper gripper seat 223 and the second lower gripper seat 222 move downward under the impact, and the airbag 221 is deformed by the extrusion of the second lower gripper seat 222. The deformation of the airbag 221 under extrusion can apply a continuously oscillating shear force to the anchor rod 31 to be tested, so that the radial impact received by the anchor rod 31 to be tested is closer to the actual situation. In addition, the deformation of the airbag 221 under extrusion can cause a greater vertical deformation of the second gripper, which is equivalent to amplifying the impact energy of the first impact hammer 55. Compared with the case where "the second gripper does not have an airbag 221", when the first impact hammer 55 has the same impact energy, the weight of the first impact hammer 55 can be reduced, and the height of the first impact hammer 55 being lifted can be reduced, which is convenient for the lightweight and miniaturized layout of the test device.

[0041] One side of the anchor rod 31 to be measured is located inside the first clamping part, and the other side of the anchor rod 31 to be measured is located inside the second clamping part. A plurality of strain gauges 8 are attached along a straight line on the outer surface of the anchor rod 31 to be measured. The strain gauges 8 lead out signals through signal cables. The space between the anchor rod 31 to be measured and the first clamping part and the space between the anchor rod 31 to be measured and the second clamping part are filled with the fixing material 32 to be measured.

[0042] A confining pressure applying unit is arranged on the upright frame 12. The confining pressure applying unit acts on the first clamp to apply confining pressure to one side of the anchor rod 31 to be measured. Specifically, the confining pressure applying unit includes a loading jack 41, a loading head 42 and a pressure sensor 43. The sensing end of the pressure sensor 43 is connected to the oil injection end of the loading jack 41. The loading jack 41 is arranged along the vertical direction. The cylinder end of the loading jack 41 is arranged on the upright frame 12, and the telescopic end of the loading jack 41 is provided with the loading head 42. The loading head 42 is located above the first upper clamping seat 212. The telescopic end of the loading jack 41 extends relative to the cylinder end so that the loading head 42 acts on the first upper clamping seat 212. Among them, the pressure sensor 43 is connected to the controller 9 through a signal cable, and the controller 9 is also connected to a hydraulic injection unit (such as a hydraulic pump) through a signal cable. The controller 9 can be set as a computer. The controller 9 controls the hydraulic injection unit to inject hydraulic oil into the oil injection end of the loading jack 41, realizes the loading of the first upper clamping seat 212 by the loading jack 41, and feeds back the hydraulic oil pressure in real time through the pressure sensor 43 to accurately control the confining pressure applied by the loading jack 41 to the first upper clamping seat 212.

[0043] A radial impact unit is arranged on the upright frame 12. The radial impact unit includes a sliding seat 51, a first hoist 52, a first trigger controller 53, a first towing rope 54 and a first impact hammer 55. Guide rails are arranged on the upright frame 12 along the left - right direction. The sliding seat 51 is slidably connected to the guide rails on the upright frame 12, and the sliding seat 51 can be locked to the upright frame 12 through a limiting mechanism. The sliding seat 51 slides along the guide rails on the upright frame 12 to drive and adjust the falling position of the first impact hammer 55 so that the first impact hammer 55 acts on different positions on the other side of the anchor rod 31 to be measured. After the first impact hammer 55 is in the set position in the horizontal direction, the sliding seat 51 is locked to the upright frame 12 through the limiting mechanism.

[0044] The limiting mechanism includes a first limiting hole 571, a second limiting hole 572 and a limiting pin 573. The first limiting hole 571 is opened on the sliding seat 51. A plurality of second limiting holes 572 are provided. The plurality of second limiting holes 572 are successively opened on the upright frame 12. The plurality of second limiting holes 572 are located on the sliding path of the sliding seat 51. The limiting pin 573 connects the first limiting hole 571 and one of the second limiting holes 572 to realize the locking between the sliding seat 51 and the upright frame 12.

[0045] A guide post 56 is provided at the bottom of the sliding seat 51. The guide post 56 extends along the vertical direction. A first through hole penetrating up and down is formed in the first impact hammer 55. The guide post 56 passes through the first through hole, and the first impact hammer 55 is slidably fitted with the guide post 56 through the first through hole. In this way, when the first impact hammer 55 falls, the guide post 56 guides the first impact hammer 55 to control the first impact hammer 55 to fall to the set position of the second upper clamping seat 223, and further accurately control the impact position of the first impact hammer 55 on the anchor rod 31 to be measured.

[0046] A first hoist 52 and a first trigger controller 53 are arranged on the sliding seat 51. The first hoist 52 is connected to the first impact hammer 55 through a first towing rope 54, and the first impact hammer 55 moves along the vertical direction. The first hoist 52 hoists the first impact hammer 55 to a set height through the first towing rope 54. The first trigger controller 53 is used to release the towing of the first towing rope 54 by the first hoist 52, so that the first impact hammer 55 falls downward and acts on the second upper clamping seat 223 of the second clamp, and an impact force is applied radially to the other side of the anchor rod 31 to be measured.

[0047] Among them, the first trigger controller 53 can be set as the electronic control unit of the first hoist 52. The first trigger controller 53 controls the first hoist 52 to be powered on and run or powered off to release the towing of the first towing rope 54. The first trigger controller 53 controls the first hoist 52 to be powered on and run. The drum of the first hoist 52 rotates to wind the first towing rope 54 on the drum. After the first impact hammer 55 is hoisted to the set height, the first trigger controller 53 controls the first hoist 52 to be powered off to release the towing of the first towing rope 54, and the first impact hammer 55 falls downward under the action of its own gravity.

[0048] An axial impact unit is provided on the vertical frame 12. The axial impact unit includes a second hoist 61, a second trigger controller 62, a second towing rope 63 and a second impact hammer 64. The second hoist 61 and the second trigger controller 62 are arranged on the vertical frame 12. The second hoist 61 is connected to the second impact hammer 64 through the second towing rope 63, and the second impact hammer 64 moves along the vertical direction.

[0049] The axial loading unit includes a connector 71, a third towing rope 72, a fixed pulley 73 and an impact seat 74. The connector 71 is connected to the end of the anchor rod 31 to be measured. One end of the third towing rope 72 is connected to the connector 71. The third towing rope 72 changes direction through the fixed pulley 73. The other end of the third towing rope 72 is connected to the impact seat 74. The impact seat 74 moves along the vertical direction, and the impact seat 74 is located below the second impact hammer 64.

[0050] One end of the connector 71 connected to the anchor rod 31 to be tested is provided with a threaded hole, and the end of the anchor rod 31 to be tested is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. In this way, it is convenient for the installation and disassembly of the connector 71 and the anchor rod 31 to be tested.

[0051] The second hoist 61 hoists the second impact hammer 64 to a set height via the second traction rope 63. The second trigger controller 62 is used to release the traction of the second traction rope 63 by the second hoist 61, so that the second impact hammer 64 falls downward and acts on the impact seat 74. The impact seat 74 acts on the connector 71 via the third traction rope 72 to apply an impact force axially to the anchor rod 31 to be tested.

[0052] Among them, the second trigger controller 62 can be set as the electronic control unit of the second hoist 61. The second hoist 61 is controlled by the second trigger controller 62 to be powered on to operate or powered off to release the traction of the second traction rope 63. When the second trigger controller 62 controls the second hoist 61 to be powered on to operate, the drum of the second hoist 61 rotates to wind the second traction rope 63 on the drum. After the second impact hammer 64 is hoisted to the set height, the second trigger controller 62 controls the second hoist 61 to be powered off to release the traction of the second traction rope 63, and the second impact hammer 64 falls downward under the action of its own gravity and acts on the impact seat 74.

[0053] A second through hole penetrating up and down is opened on the second impact hammer 64, and the third traction rope 72 passes through the second through hole. The second impact hammer 64 is slidably matched with the third traction rope 72 via the second through hole. In this way, the second impact hammer 64 can fall along the third traction rope 72 to ensure that the second impact hammer 64 acts on the impact seat 74.

[0054] The control unit 9 is respectively connected to the first hoist 52, the first trigger controller 53, the second hoist 61 and the second trigger controller 62 via signal cables. The control unit 9 controls the actions of the first hoist 52, the first trigger controller 53, the second hoist 61 and the second trigger controller 62 to realize the semi-automatic operation of the test process.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present invention, a method for testing the impact resistance of an anchor rod is also provided. Using the above test device for testing the impact resistance of an anchor rod, the method is as follows:

[0056] Step 1: Select an anchor rod 31 to be tested of a set model, place the anchor rod 31 to be tested in a curing room and cure it according to the set curing conditions. The curing conditions include temperature, humidity and curing time; select a fixed material 32 to be tested of a set specification. The fixed materials 32 to be tested are different, and the corresponding specification of the fixed material 32 to be tested is selected according to the different anchoring environments of the anchor rod 31 to be tested to simulate different surrounding rock conditions of the anchor rod 31 to be tested.

[0057] Step 2: The inflating unit inflates the airbag 221 to make the airbag 221 expand. The expansion of the airbag 221 drives the second lower clamping seat 222 and the second upper clamping seat 223 to rise, adjusts the second clamping part and the first clamping part to be in the same axis position, arranges one side of the anchor rod 31 to be measured in the first clamping part, arranges the other side of the anchor rod 31 to be measured in the second clamping part, attaches strain gauges 8 to the outer surface of the anchor rod 31 to be measured, fills the fixing material 32 to be measured between the anchor rod 31 to be measured and the first clamping part and between the anchor rod 31 to be measured and the second clamping part, and connects the connector 71 to the end of the anchor rod 31 to be measured.

[0058] Step 3: The confining pressure applying unit acts on the first clamp to apply confining pressure to one side of the anchor rod 31 to be measured.

[0059] Step 4: Select the first impact hammer 55 with a set weight. The first hoist 52 lifts the first impact hammer 55 to a set height via the first towing rope 54. The first trigger controller 53 releases the towing of the first towing rope 54 by the first hoist 52. The first impact hammer 55 falls downward and acts on the second clamp, causing the sliding seat 51 to slide along the guide rail on the vertical frame 12, so as to drive and adjust the falling position of the first impact hammer 55, make the first impact hammer 55 act on different positions on the other side of the anchor rod 31 to be measured, and radially apply impact forces to different positions on the other side of the anchor rod 31 to be measured; wherein, according to the weight of the first impact hammer 55 and the height to which the first impact hammer 55 is lifted, the kinetic energy generated by the fall of the first impact hammer 55 is determined, and then different levels of impact energy are determined for the first impact hammer 55 to radially apply to the other side of the anchor rod 31 to be measured.

[0060] Select the second impact hammer 64 with a set weight. The second hoist 61 lifts the second impact hammer 64 to a set height via the second towing rope 63. The second trigger controller 62 releases the towing of the second towing rope 63 by the second hoist 61. The second impact hammer 64 falls downward and acts on the impact seat 74 to axially apply an impact force to the anchor rod 31 to be measured; wherein, according to the weight of the second impact hammer 64 and the height to which the second impact hammer 64 is lifted, the kinetic energy generated by the fall of the second impact hammer 64 is determined, and then different levels of impact energy are determined for the second impact hammer 64 to axially apply to the anchor rod 31 to be measured.

[0061] Step 5: Remove the anchor rod 31 to be tested, observe the failure mode of the anchor rod 31 to be tested (whether it breaks, the position of the break, etc.), and characterize the impact force on the anchor rod 31 to be tested through the strain gauge 8. When the anchor rod 31 to be tested is not damaged, the greater the impact force on the anchor rod 31 to be tested characterized by the strain gauge 8 on the anchor rod 31 to be tested, the greater the impact energy that the anchor rod 31 to be tested can withstand, indicating that the impact resistance of the anchor rod 31 to be tested is greater and the impact resistance performance of the anchor rod is better; judge the position where the impact resistance of the anchor rod 31 to be tested is weak based on the fracture position, cracks and crack shapes when the anchor rod 31 to be tested is damaged.

[0062] So far, the present embodiment has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art should have a clear understanding of the test device for testing the impact resistance of the anchor rod of the present invention. The test device and method for testing the impact resistance of the anchor rod of the present invention can perform impact resistance tests on different types of anchor rods 31 to be tested and for the fixed materials 32 to be tested with set specifications under the impact action of a set level. Specifically, the stress state of the anchor rod 31 to be tested under the surrounding rock force can be simulated through the cooperation of the confining pressure application unit and the first gripper, and a set-level impact force can be applied radially to different positions of the anchor rod 31 to be tested through the cooperation of the radial impact unit and the second gripper, and a set-level impact force can be applied axially to the anchor rod 31 to be tested through the cooperation of the axial impact unit and the axial loading unit; the test device has a simple structure, which is convenient for the operator to perform test operations and can conveniently explore the influencing factors of the impact resistance of the anchor rod.

[0063] The specific embodiments described above further elaborate on the purpose, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device for testing the impact resistance of anchor bolts, characterized in that: It includes a support platform, a first gripper, a second gripper, an anchor to be tested, a fixing material to be tested, a stand, a confining pressure applying unit, a radial impact unit, an axial impact unit, and an axial loading unit; The first gripper and the second gripper are sequentially arranged on the support platform. A first clamping part is arranged on the first gripper, and a second clamping part is arranged on the second gripper; One side of the anchor to be tested is located within the first clamping part, and the other side of the anchor to be tested is located within the second clamping part. Strain gauges are attached to the outer surface of the anchor to be tested. The fixing material to be tested is filled between the anchor to be tested and the first clamping part and between the anchor to be tested and the second clamping part; The confining pressure applying unit is arranged on the stand, and the confining pressure applying unit acts on the first gripper to apply confining pressure to one side of the anchor to be tested; The radial impact unit is arranged on the stand. The radial impact unit includes a sliding seat, a first hoist, a first trigger controller, a first towing rope, and a first impact hammer. The sliding seat is slidably connected to the stand, and the sliding seat can be locked to the stand through a limiting mechanism. The first hoist and the first trigger controller are arranged on the sliding seat. The first hoist is connected to the first impact hammer through the first towing rope. The first impact hammer moves along the vertical direction. The first hoist hoists the first impact hammer to a set height through the first towing rope. The first trigger controller is used to release the traction of the first towing rope by the first hoist, so that the first impact hammer falls downward and acts on the second gripper to apply a radial impact force to the other side of the anchor to be tested; The axial impact unit is arranged on the stand. The axial impact unit includes a second hoist, a second trigger controller, a second towing rope, and a second impact hammer. The second hoist and the second trigger controller are arranged on the stand. The second hoist is connected to the second impact hammer through the second towing rope. The second impact hammer moves along the vertical direction; The axial loading unit includes a connector, a third towing rope, a fixed pulley, and an impact seat. The connector is connected to the end of the anchor to be tested. One end of the third towing rope is connected to the connector. The third towing rope changes direction through the fixed pulley. The other end of the third towing rope is connected to the impact seat. The impact seat moves along the vertical direction. The impact seat is located below the second impact hammer; The second hoist hoists the second impact hammer to a set height through the second towing rope. The second trigger controller is used to release the traction of the second towing rope by the second hoist, so that the second impact hammer falls downward and acts on the impact seat. The impact seat acts on the connector through the third towing rope to apply an axial impact force to the anchor to be tested.

2. The test device for the impact resistance test of an anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein: The first gripper includes a first lower gripper seat and a first upper gripper seat. The first lower gripper seat is disposed on the support platform. The first upper gripper seat is located above the first lower gripper seat. The space jointly surrounded by the first lower gripper seat and the first upper gripper seat is set as the first gripping portion. The first upper gripper seat is slidably connected to the support platform and can move vertically relative to the support platform.

3. The test device for the impact resistance test of an anchor rod according to claim 2, characterized in that: The confining pressure applying unit includes a loading jack, a loading head, and a pressure sensor. The sensing end of the pressure sensor is connected to the oil injection end of the loading jack. The loading jack is arranged along the vertical direction. The cylinder end of the loading jack is disposed on the vertical frame. The telescopic end of the loading jack is provided with the loading head. The loading head is located above the first upper gripper seat. The telescopic end of the loading jack extends relative to the cylinder end so that the loading head acts on the first upper gripper seat.

4. The test device for the impact resistance test of an anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein: The second gripper includes an airbag, a second lower gripper seat, and a second upper gripper seat. The airbag is disposed on the support platform. The airbag is connected to an inflation unit. The second lower gripper seat is located above the airbag. The second lower gripper seat is slidably connected to the support platform and can move vertically relative to the support platform. The second upper gripper seat is located above the second lower gripper seat. The space jointly surrounded by the second lower gripper seat and the second upper gripper seat is set as the second gripping portion. The second upper gripper seat is slidably connected to the support platform and can move vertically relative to the support platform.

5. The test device for testing the impact resistance of an anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the sliding seat is provided with guide columns that extend along the vertical direction. The first impact hammer is provided with a first through hole that penetrates up and down. The guide columns pass through the first through hole, and the first impact hammer is slidably engaged with the guide columns through the first through hole.

6. The test device for the impact resistance test of an anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second impact hammer is provided with a second through hole that penetrates up and down. The third towing rope passes through the second through hole, and the second impact hammer is slidably engaged with the third towing rope through the second through hole.

7. The test device for testing the impact resistance of an anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism includes a first limiting hole, a second limiting hole, and a limiting pin. The first limiting hole is opened on the sliding seat. The second limiting holes are provided in plurality, and the plurality of second limiting holes are sequentially opened on the vertical frame. The plurality of second limiting holes are located on the path of the sliding movement of the sliding seat. The limiting pin connects the first limiting hole and one of the second limiting holes.

8. The test device for the impact resistance test of an anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a control unit, and the control unit is respectively connected to the first hoist, the first trigger controller, the second hoist, and the second trigger controller via signal cables.

9. The test device for testing the impact resistance of an anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein: One end of the connector connected to the anchor to be tested is provided with a threaded hole, and the end of the anchor to be tested is threadedly connected to the threaded hole.

10. A method for testing the impact resistance of an anchor rod, characterized in that: Applying the test device for testing the impact resistance of an anchor rod according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method is as follows: Step 1: Select an anchor to be tested with a set model and select a fixing material to be tested with a set specification; Step 2: Adjust the second clamping part and the first clamping part to be in the same axial position. Place one side of the anchor rod to be tested inside the first clamping part and the other side of the anchor rod to be tested inside the second clamping part. Affix strain gauges on the outer surface of the anchor rod to be tested. Fill the space between the anchor rod to be tested and the first clamping part as well as between the anchor rod to be tested and the second clamping part with the fixing material to be tested. Connect the adapter to the end of the anchor rod to be tested; Step 3: Act on the first clamp by the confining pressure applying unit to apply confining pressure to one side of the anchor rod to be tested; Step 4: Select the first impact hammer with a set weight. Lift the first impact hammer to a set height by the first hoist via the first towing rope. The first trigger controller releases the towing of the first towing rope by the first hoist, and the first impact hammer falls downward to act on the second clamp, applying impact forces radially at different positions on the other side of the anchor rod to be tested; Select the second impact hammer with a set weight. Lift the second impact hammer to a set height by the second hoist via the second towing rope. The second trigger controller releases the towing of the second towing rope by the second hoist, and the second impact hammer falls downward to act on the impact seat, applying an impact force axially to the anchor rod to be tested; Step 5: Dismantle the anchor rod to be tested, observe the failure mode of the anchor rod to be tested, and characterize the impact forces received by the anchor rod to be tested through the strain gauges.

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