A passive gripper and a system including the same
The passive gripper addresses high costs in conventional fabric handling grippers by using a simple, actuator-less design with movable fingers and locking mechanisms, enhancing efficiency and reducing costs in garment production automation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/078575
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-04
AI Technical Summary
Conventional grippers for fabric handling in garment production require electric motors or pneumatic actuators, increasing production and energy costs.
A passive gripper design without actuators, utilizing a simple structure with movable fingers, a locking device, and a bias device to switch between clamp and release states through applied forces, allowing operation with robotic manipulators.
Reduces manufacturing and operating costs while enabling efficient fabric handling with simplified operations, suitable for garment production automation.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024078575_04092025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
A passive gripper and a system including the sameTechnical Field
[0001] The present disclosure relates to factory automation using robotic manipulators, specifically, to garment production. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to a passive gripper, in particular to a passive gripper for manipulating a fabric, and further relates to a system including the passive gripper.
[0002] Background Technology
[0003] In the automation of garment industry, grippers are essential for proper handling of fabrics using industrial manipulators. Among several other methods, a simple approach to acquiring a fabric sheet is by using a jaw-type mechanical gripper which provides two (or more) fingers and pinches the fabric by clamping it between the fingers. Conventional grippers for picking up fabrics use electric motors to enable movements of the fingers for the opening and closing motion, or pneumatic actuators to move fingers that are made of flexible materials such as rubber or silicone.
[0004] The incorporation of any such electric or pneumatic actuators increases the production cost of the grippers and energy consumption. Therefore, there is a desire to improve the grippers.
[0005] Disclosure of the Invention
[0006] Therefore, the object of the present disclosure is to provide a passive gripper, which does not include any actuator, e.g. motor, pneumatic source, etc, thus, the passive gripper according to the present disclosure is achieved with simple structure and reduced cost, and thus the system incorporating the passive gripper is simplified in structure and reduced in manufacturing cost as well as operating cost.
[0007] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a passive gripper for picking up and releasing a fabric is provided, the passive gripper comprises a housing; a first finger and a second finger configured to be movable relative to the housing so that the first finger and the second finger are switched between a clamp state and a release state as the first finger and the second finger are moved respectively along a first trajectory and a second trajectory by a force applied on the first finger and the second finger along a first direction; a locking device configured to lock the first finger and the second finger at the clamp state and / or the release state; and a bias device configured to bias the first finger and the second finger along a second direction opposite to the first direction.
[0008] According to the present disclosure, the passive gripper can be made with simple structure, and the operation of the passive gripper includes only pushing the passive gripper against a working surface to switch the fingers of the gripper between the clamp state and release state, the operation of the gripper is simplified, which is especially advantageous for an automation system using robotic arms.
[0009] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a fabric manipulating system incorporating such passive gripper is proposed. With the passive gripper incorporated in the system, a simplified method for picking up and releasing a fabric is provided, in which the passive gripper is moved to a first position, is pushed against the fabric supported on a working surface, is moved to a second position, and then is pushed against a working surface at the second position, so as to manipulate and deliver the fabric to the target position.Brief Description of Drawings
[0010] In order to explain the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present disclosure more clearly, the attached drawings of the embodiment of the present disclosure will be briefly introduced below. It is noted that he appended drawings are only used to show some embodiments of the present invention, but not to limit all the embodiments of the present disclosure. In addition, for the sake of clarity, the appended drawings do not accurately correspond to the actual dimensions, but show the embodiments in an exaggerated and simplified way, and the final protection scope of the present disclosure should not be based on the dimensions shown in the drawings, wherein:
[0011] FIG. 1 shows pinching operation of the passive gripper according to the present disclosure;
[0012] FIG. 2 is a mechanism simplified drawing showing the operation principle of the passive gripper according to the present disclosure;
[0013] FIG. 3 is a mechanism simplified drawing showing the operation principle of a variation of the passive gripper according to the present disclosure;
[0014] FIG. 4 is a mechanism simplified drawing showing the operation principle of a locking device in the passive gripper;
[0015] FIG. 5 is a mechanism simplified drawing showing the operation principle of another variation of the passive gripper according to the present disclosure;
[0016] FIG. 6 is a mechanism simplified drawing showing the operation principle of yet another variation of the passive gripper according to the present disclosure;
[0017] FIG. 7A is a schematically perspective drawing showing an embodiment of the passive gripper according to the present disclosure and its operation; and FIG. 7B is an exploded drawing of the passive gripper in FIG. 7A;
[0018] FIG. 8 shows schematically the operation of the passive gripper in FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B with the side plates removed;
[0019] FIG. 9 shows an exploded drawing showing a variation of the passive gripper;
[0020] FIG. 10 is a schematic drawing showing the tip of the finger;
[0021] FIG. 11 is a schematic drawing showing two different tips fitted with the finger via an adaptor;
[0022] FIG. 12 (a) and 12 (b) are schematic drawings showing variation of the fingers in the passive gripper;
[0023] FIG. 13 is a schematic drawing showing an embodiment of a robotic system including the passive gripper according to the present disclosure;
[0024] FIG. 14 is a schematic drawing showing another embodiment of the robotic system;
[0025] FIG. 15 is a schematic drawing showing another embodiment of the robotic system in which two passive grippers are fitted on one robotic arm; and
[0026] FIG. 16 shows the operation of the robotic system in FIG. 15.Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention
[0027] Hereinafter, the technical scheme of the disclosure will be described in detail with specific embodiments of the disclosure.
[0028] The present disclosure relates to factory automation using robotic manipulators, specially to garment production. In the automation of garment industry, grippers are essential for proper handling of fabrics using industrial manipulators. According to the present disclosure, a gripper with a passive mechanism is provided, the gripper, also called passive gripper, is operable to pick up fabrics without any internal actuator such as electric motor or pneumatic actuator, which is typically necessitated by conventional grippers to pick up and release fabrics.
[0029] The passive gripper according to the present disclosure may include two fingers configured to pick up fabrics, the two fingers are actuated by a force applied on the fingers, esp. a force generated when the fingers are pushed against a working surface. The fingers are moved by the force along a trajectory so that the fingers are moved towards each other or one finger is fixed in horizontal direction and another finger is moved toward the one finger to clamp fabric therebetween.
[0030] Therefore, a simple approach to acquiring a fabric sheet is achieved by using a jaw-type mechanical gripper which provides two (or more) fingers and pinches the fabric by clamping it between the fingers.
[0031] In order to keep the fingers at the state in which the fibric is clamped therebetween, a locking device or mechanism is provided. In one embodiment, the locking device includes a cam slot, a follower which moves along with the fingers and is engaged in the cam slot and slides in the cam slot as the fingers are moved. The cam slot includes two halves, the two halves are connected at two parts, as the fingers are pushed and move into clamp state, the follower moves along the first half of the slot and is stopped at one of the parts to lock the fingers at the clamp state.
[0032] The fingers can be switched into a release state by another pushing against the working surface. As the fingers with fabric therebetween are pushed again, the follower is moved out of the one part, is moved along the other half of the cam slot and stopped at the other point, at which the fingers are locked at release state.
[0033] The developed gripper is designed to be attached to a robotic manipulator as an end-effector and perform pick-and-place of fabrics simply by the manipulator's movement. The gripper can be applied to grasp fabrics of various types and sizes by changing the shape or form of its fingertips.
[0034] In one embodiment, a bias device is provided to bias the fingers e.g. into the release state. The fingers will be switched into the clamp state by pushing on the working surface and locked at the clamp state by the locking device, and the fingers at the clamp state can be released by another pushing on the working surface and are moved into the release state by the bias device, at the release state, the follower will be stopped at another part of the cam slot.
[0035] Alternatively, the bias device can be configured to bias the fingers into the clamp state and pushing on the working surface will actuate the fingers to switch from the clamp state into the release state, and the fingers can be locked at this state by the locking device. Another pushing will release the locking and the fingers upon switching from the release state to the clamp state will clamp fabric therebetween.
[0036] In operation, the passive gripper toggles its “open or release” and “closed or clamp” positions upon successive pushing of the gripper fingers against a working surface. As such, given a fabric sheet on the surface, the fabric can be picked up and released alternately via the pushing actions of the gripper.
[0037] Hereinafter, the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings, wherein FIG. 1 shows the pinching operation of a passive gripper on a supported fabric sheet according to the present disclosure.
[0038] As shown in FIG. 1 (a) to FIG. 1 (e) , when two fingers 10 and 20 are pressed against a fabric 30 on a supporting surface or a working surface 40, as shown in FIG. 1 (b) , a frictional force is generated between the fingers and the fabric, as shown in FIG. 1 (c) . Two fingers 10, 20 are then brought close together with the fingers pressing against the fabric 30, and the frictional force generated by the tips of the fingers causes the confined portion of the fabric 30 to bulge upward between the fingers 10, 20, as shown in FIG. 1 (d) . As the fingers continue to close, the fingertips pinch the bulge in the fabric. The above principle allows the gripper to secure the fabric, which can then be picked up by lifting the gripper, as shown in FIG. 1 (e) .
[0039] FIG. 2 schematically shows the structure of the passive gripper according to the present disclosure, esp. the pinching mechanism of the passive gripper. As shown in FIG. 2, the pinching mechanism comprises a linear slider (S) , and two gripper fingers (F1 &F2) connected to the linear slider (S) through sliding joints (J1 &J2) . Each finger further defines a groove cam, FC1 and FC2, respectively, which is a slot (or channel) having at least a slant portion with an inclination relative to the axis of movement of the linear slider (S) , i.e., the Y axis. Engaged by the groove cams are pins P1, P2 which are fixed to the housing (not shown) of gripper H. Hence, when a force acting in the +Y direction (first direction) is applied on the tip of the finger F1, F2, the finger moves in a direction defined by the shape of the cam, which is in this case a positive slope for FC1 and a negative slope for FC2 with respect to the X-Y plane. In order to move two fingers simultaneously and symmetrically, FC1 and FC2 are preferentially mirrored in shape with each other. The said fingers F1, F2 are slidably connected to the linear slider through sliding joints (J1 &J2) which permit the fingers F1, F2 to move in the +X or -X direction, but limits movements in any Y directions, relative to the slider S. As such, the linear slider (S) and gripper fingers (F1 &F2) , while being different components, can move collectively in the +Y direction when activated by a force of the same sense acting on the tips of the fingers. The movement of the slider (S) relative to the housing H is constrained by a sliding joint (J3) axially aligned with the Y directions (the first direction) .
[0040] Guided by the slopes of the groove cams FC1 &FC2, the above mechanism enables the fingers F1, F2 to close while moving up in the first direction (+Y direction) when a pushing force is applied upon the tips of the finger. To return the fingers to its initial position, the force applied on the fingertip is removed and a downward restoring force (along a second direction, or -Y direction) is provided by a bias device, e.g. a spring or elastic element (R) to automatically return the finger to the initial open position or release position. By changing the shapes (i.e., inclination slope) of the groove cams FC1 &FC2 of the passive pinching mechanism, the distances by which the fingers open and close and the amount of push along the +Y directions can be purposely adjusted.
[0041] FIG. 3 shows an alternative configuration for the pinching mechanism of the passive gripper according to the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3, one finger F1 is fixed to the linear slider S so that when the finger F1 is pushed, the finger F1 is only moved along the first direction, +Y direction, but will not be moved along the X direction. In this case, the groove cam is only provided for the other finger F2. The fabric is pulled by the other finger F2 laterally in the X direction toward the non-moving finger F1 and the gripper can still pinch a fabric (not shown here) under the action of a pressing force at the tips of the fingers. That is, the gripper remains operational in the absence of the groove cam FC1, the pin P1 and the sliding joint J1 under such an asymmetric mode.
[0042] The passive pinching mechanism alone is operative to grasp but not able to pick up a piece of fabric away from its supporting surface. This is because the fingers open automatically when the pushing force exerted on the fingertips is removed due to the restoring action of the spring (or elastic element) . Therefore, a locking device is needed to hold the fingers in clamp state or closed position once the fabric is firmly grasped. To realize this locking device without any actuators, a mechanism comprising a heart-shaped cam HC, a follower pin P3, and a slot cam SC (which is built-in with the liner slider S) is used as an exemplary embodiment.
[0043] FIG. 4 shows a schematic drawing of the locking device. As shown in FIG. 4, the locking device includes a cam slot HC and a follower P3 which is guided in the cam slot SC and is moved in connection with the slider S. The follower can be a pin P3, the slider S is provided with a slot SC, into which the pin P 3 is guided, and thus the pin P3 is engaged by both the slot SC of the slider and the cam slot HC, where the slider slot SC defines lateral movement of the pin P3 relative to the slider S, and cam slot HC defines the trajectory of the pin P3 relative to the housing H.
[0044] At a first position, as illustrated by the leftmost diagram in FIG. 4, the pin P3 is located at the bottom of HC, and the slider is also located at its bottom position, in this position, the fingers (not shown in FIG. 4) are at one of its clamp state (closed position) and release state (open position) . This is a stable, locked position “LP1” where the slider S, and thus the slider slot SC is subject to a force in the -Y direction acted by a spring / elastic element R (not shown here) . Upon application of an external force in the first direction (+Y direction) on the finger F1, F2 and is transmitted to the slider S, the slider and its slot SC moves upwardly, with the pin P3 moved in the same direction, and pin P3 moves towards +X direction (adirection perpendicular to the first direction) in accordance with the circuit of cam slot HC. After the pin P3 reaches a flexure at the topmost position of cam slot HC, any further +Y movement of the pin P3 becomes arrested, so does the slider slot SC. At this point, by removing the external pushing force, the slider S is biased by the spring R in the second direction opposite to the first direction (-Y direction) , the pin P3 is driven by the slider slot SC towards -Y direction to a recessed position near the center of cam slot HC under the restoring action of the spring R. Since the pin P3 does not move below this position, the slider is locked at this position. This is referred to as another stable, locked position “LP2” , at this position, the fingers F1, F2 are switched into another state of its clamp state (close state) and release state (open position) . To release such locking, an external force in +Y direction is once again applied to the finger F1, F2 to move the slider slot SC upward. Then, the pin P3 moves along a different route towards -X direction and reaches the next topmost position in the cam slot HC. Here, after the external force is removed, and slider slot SC moves downward with the pin P3 coming back to the locked position LP1. The above cycle repeats as an alternating pushing force is exerted on the fingers.
[0045] The locked positions LP1 and LP2 occupy different positions relative to the Y axis, with the first locked position LP1 being at a lower position and the second locked position LP2 at a higher position. Considering the pinching mechanisms illustrated in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the open position of the gripper fingers entails a lower position of the linear slider S, whereas the closed position of fingers entails a higher position of the slider S. As such, the first locked position LP1 can be utilized for locking of the fingers in their open position or “release” state, whereas the second locked position LP2 can be utilized for locking of the fingers in their closed position or “clamp” state.
[0046] Although in the embodiments as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the gripper is actuated into the clamp state by pushing on the working surface, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. As shown in FIG. 5 which shows a variation of the passive gripper, the finger cams FC1 and FC2 may be configured in such a way that the +Y movement of the fingers F1 and F2 causes them to separate farther apart into the release state, as shown in FIG. 5, and stopped at the release state by the locking device. By doing so, the slider S will occupy a lower position with respect to the Y axis when the fingers F1 and F2 are closed and at the clamp state, and a higher position when the fingers F1 and F2 are open and at the release state. As a result, the first locked position LP1 of the cam slot HC can be used to lock the fingers in their “close” position or its clamp state, whereas the second locked position LP2 can be used to lock the fingers in the “open” position or release state. The design of the passive gripper can adopt either of the above configurations without affecting the function of the passive gripper.
[0047] Yet another design variant, as illustrated in FIG. 6, may have pins P1 and P2 affixed to the fingers F1 and F2, respectively, whereas the finger cams FC1 and FC2 are both integrated with the housing. Such configuration allows similar movement of the fingers to the case illustrated in FIG. 2 when subject to the application and removal of the pushing force.
[0048] According to the present disclosure, the +Y direction pushing force is acted on the finger and is transmitted to the slider S, which is more suitable for picking up an article, esp. the fabric on a working surface or a supporting surface.
[0049] An embodiment of the gripper is shown in FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B, wherein FIG. 7A is a drawing showing the outer appearance of the gripper, and FIG. 7B is an exploded drawing showing the inner structure of the gripper. As shown in FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B, the gripper 1 includes a housing 2 receiving a passive pinching mechanism, a finger position locking device, and one or more return springs. The housing 2 is consisted of a front panel 3, a rear panel 4, a left panel 5, a right panel 6, and a top panel 7, which are fixed together by screws or the like to form a receiving space. On the inner side of each of the front panel 3 and the rear panel 4, pins 8 are provided to be engaged with finger cams to be described later. The pins 8 can be provided on the inner side by thread connection, welding, adhesion or the like, there is no limitation thereon. Alternatively, the pins 8 may be forced with the front panel and the rear panel integrally. Fingers F1 and F2 are respectively received in the inner space, and each of the fingers includes a finger body 9 and a fingertip 10 which are connected by e.g. screws. However, there is no limitation thereon, the finger body 9 and the fingertip 10 can be formed integrally or connected by other means conceived by the person skilled in the art, e.g. adhesive, welding, shape fitness, or the like. On the tip of each of the fingertips 10, an accessory 11 can be optionally provided, to improve e.g. adhesion ability of the fingertip or the other abilities, there is no limitation thereon. In addition, the accessory 11 can also be omitted. On opposite sides of the finger body 9, two panels 12 are provided, in each of which finger cam FC is formed to engage with the pins 8 on the front and rear panels. Likewise, the panels 12, also called as finger cam panels 12, can be connected to the finger body by screws, adhesive, welding, or other means conceived by the person skilled in the art. Alternatively, the finger cam panels can be formed with the finger body as one piece, or can be omitted and in this case the finger cam FC can be formed directly on the opposite sides of the finger body, e.g. by drilling, milling or the like.
[0050] A slider 13 is provided in the housing 2 so that the slider 13 is slidable along the Y direction of the housing 2, as shown in FIG. 8. As shown in FIG. 7B, the slider 13 includes a slider body 131 and a slider cover 132, which are cooperated to receive a pin 14 therein. The pin 14 includes a middle portion 141 with large diameter and two ends 142 with small diameter, the slider body 131 and the slider cover 132 are respectively formed with slots 135 through which the two ends of the pin 14 extended outside to be engaged with a cam slot HC to be described later and by which the pin 14 is guided to be movable in the X direction. On the opposite sides of the slider body 13, guide rails 133 are formed. On the left panel 5 and the right panel 6, guide grooves 51 and 61are respectively formed on the inner surface thereof, and the guide rails 133 are respectively engaged with the guide grooves 51 and 61 so that the slider 13 can be guided when the slider is slid in the Y direction. At bottom side of the slider 13, a horizontal guide rail 134 is formed. The horizontal guide rail 134 is engaged with guide grooves 91 formed on each of the fingers 9 so that the fingers 9 can be moved towards each other or away from each other under the engagement between the finger cams FC and the pins 8 and guidance of the horizontal guide rail 134.
[0051] On the inner sides of the front panel 3 and the rear panel 4, a heart cam panel 15 is respectively provided. On each of the heart cam panel 15, the cam slot HC with generally heart shape is formed to be engaged with each of the ends of the pin 14. The heart cam panel 15 can be fixed on the front and rear panels 3 and 4 by screws, but the present application is not limited therein and any measures conceived by the person skilled in the art can be used. In addition, the heart cam panel 15 can be formed with the front and rear panels as one piece, or alternatively, the cam slot HC can be formed directly on the inner side of the front and rear panels.
[0052] Between the top of the slider and the top panel 7, a spring 16 is provided to bias the slider 13 downwardly. In the embodiment of FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B, the spring can be a compression spring and as the fingers are pushed upwardly (along +Y direction) , the spring 16 is compressed. However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The spring can be provided in other way, and the spring 16 can also be a tension spring. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the springs are provided at outside of the housing, for each of the springs, one end of the spring is connected to a end of a bar extended from the slider 13, and the other end of the spring is connected to a hook 21 provided on the housing, so that the springs are stretched when the fingers are pushed upwardly (along +Y direction) to apply a force on the slide in -Y direction.
[0053] In this embodiment, the finger cams FC1 and FC2 are formed by a panel fixed with the gripper fingers and operate in a fashion similar with the one illustrated in FIG. 2. In addition to the finger cams as shown in FIG. 2, an additional portion 121 of the slot extending in the -Y direction from the inclined slot is formed, with which both fingers F1, F2 can be pushed in in that direction further after the fingers are fully closed. Such extended lengths of the cams FC1 and FC2 are added because of the actual operation of the finger locking device (as illustrated in FIG. 4) that the linear slider 13 (S) will retract by a predefined distance after the pin 14 (P3) traverse from the upper limit of the heart-shaped cam HC back to its stable recessed position LP1 or LP2, upon removal of the pushing force. With such extended lengths, the fingers can be reliably locked at its clamp state. The extended slots are operative in securing the positions of the fingers at the “closed” position or clamp state by providing lateral mechanical constraints on pins 8 (P1 and P2) in the X directions.
[0054] FIG. 8 shows schematically the operation of the passive gripper in FIG. 7, as shown in FIG. 8, when a pushing force is applied on the tip of the fingertip 10 along +Y direction, the fingers and the slider 13 will be moved upwardly against the bias of the spring 16 under the guidance of the guide rail 133 and the guide groove 51, meanwhile, as the pin 8 slides along the finger cam FC, the fingers are pushed towards each other under the guidance of the guide rail 134, when the pin 14 reaches the stable recessed position LP1 of the heart-shaped cam HC, the fingers are locked at clamp state. In this state, when a push force is applied on the tip of the fingertip along the +Y direction, the pin 14 is moved out of the recessed position LP1, with the bias of the spring 16, the slider and the fingers are moved downwardly, and meanwhile, the fingers are moved away from each other along the guide rail 134, until the pin 14 reaches the other stable position LP2 of the heart-shaped cam HC, in this state, the fingers are switched into the release state.
[0055] In the above embodiment, the passive pinching (driving) mechanism including the pins 8 and the finger cams FC and the finger position locking device including the pin 14 and the heart shaped cams HC are both formed by means of a same pair of opposing panels, that is, the front panel and rear panel. However, the present application is not limited thereto, the passive pinching mechanism and / or the finger position locking device do not need to be formed in pair on a pair of opposing panels and may be formed only in any one of the opposing panels, e.g. only in front panel or in rear panel.
[0056] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the passive pinching (driving) mechanism is formed by means of the front panel and the rear panel, while the finger position locking device is formed by means of the left panel and the right panel, or in other word, the passive pinching mechanism is formed on the first pair of opposing panels and the finger position locking device is formed on the second pair of opposing panels, the first pair of opposing panels and the second pair of opposing panels are perpendicular to each other. Compared with the embodiment shown in FIG. 7A and 7B, the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 has reduced height.
[0057] Hereinafter, the embodiment of the passive gripper will be described with reference to FIG. 9. In the description, the same referral number will be assigned to the feature similar with that in the embodiment of FIG. 7 and 8, and repeated description will be omitted to keep the description concise. The passive gripper includes a housing 2, the housing is formed by a front panel 3, a rear panel 4, a left panel 5, a right panel 6 and a top panel 7. Different from the embodiment in FIG. 7A and 7B, the finger cam FC is formed in the front panel 3 and the rear panel 4, either by forming in an separated panel 12 and then fixing with the front and rear panels, or by forming the finger cam FC directly in the front and rear panels, and a pin 8 is fitted on each of the finger body 9 of the finger so that the end of the pin which is extended outside of the finger body is engaged with the finger cam to guide the finger to be moved along the finger cam FC. In addition, one or more bars 91 (two shown in FIG. 9) are fitted on top of the finger body 9, the bars are inserted through a guide groove 134 of the slider 13 so that the finger can be guided to be moved in the X direction along the guide groove 134. Heart shaped cams HC are respectively formed in the left panel 5 and right panel 6 either by forming in a separated panel then fixing the separated panel with the left and right panels or by forming the heart shaped cam HC directly in the left and right panels 5 and 6. The slider 13 includes a base 131 in which the guide groove 134 is formed and a cover 132 fitted on the base 131 to form a receiving space for pin 14 therebetween. The pin 14 is received in the space with two ends extended outside the slider 13 to engage with the heart shaped cam HC. In addition, the pin 14 is slidable in front-rear direction in the space. At left and right end of the slider 13, two guide protrusions 133 are formed to engage with guide grooves 51 and 61 (not shown in FIG. 9) formed in the left and right panels. In addition, a spring 16 is provided between the slider 13 and the top panel 7 to bias the slider 13 downwardly.
[0058] As shown in FIG. 9, the passive pinching (driving) mechanism and the finger position locking device are formed in the panel pairs which are perpendicular to each other, so that the whole height of the passive gripper can be reduced. As above mentioned with reference to FIG. 7A and 7B, although the finger cams FC and heart shaped cams HC are formed in pairs in the pairs of opposing panels, it is not necessary, and only one cam formed in one of the penal pairs may also be suitable.
[0059] The above embodiment features a passive pinching mechanism based on the design exemplified in FIG. 2 with an extra portion of each of FC1 and FC2 extended in the -Y direction. Nevertheless, it is to be understood that other practical embodiments can be constructed using different designs of the passive pinching mechanism, including but are not limited to, those illustrated in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, given that an extra portion of each of FC1 and FC2 extended in the -Y direction is preferably incorporated.
[0060] In the application for picking up and releasing fabrics, the gripper is generally positioned upright with fingers pointing down towards a horizontal working surface, as shown in FIG. 1. Nevertheless, the gripper is designed to be operative regardless of its orientation. A reference frame of axes X, Y relative to the gripper has been used to describe the orientations in this document, where the use of the terms “upward” , “downward" , “higher” and lower” are referenced to the Y axis which may infer, but not limited to, the natural vertical direction (under the influence of the gravity) . Furthermore, the term “push” or “pushing force” may refer to an external force acting on the gripper fingers when the gripper is stationary, or alternatively, to a reaction force received by the gripper fingers when they actively press against a stationary object or surface.
[0061] In order to increase the frictional force between the tips of the fingers and the fabric to perform grasping, the tip of the finger can be formed from a material that can facilitate a sufficient frictional force, or the tip of the finger can be processed to increase friction with the fabric. Alternatively, a coating for increasing the friction force or an appendix or adaptor for increasing the friction force can be provided on the tip of the finger. For this purpose, elastomeric materials such as polyurethane or silicone rubber can be used, or surface features like grooves or indents can be added onto the tips of the fingers as shown in FIG. 10 to improve traction. The width of the tip of the fingers can also be modified to match the width of the fabric to be grasped, as shown in FIG. 11, by replacing the tip adaptor FA.
[0062] In dealing with thin fabric sheets whose thickness is insignificant, the above design examples generally correspond to a configuration where the fingers are substantially closed in one of its locked states. Given thicker sheet materials, such as leather or blanket, the minute gap between the fingers might cause undue stresses to develop in the passive gripper assembly, leading to potential mechanical failure. Therefore, in order to alleviate this problem, the finger cam HC can be designed so that the fingers will leave a gap therebetween when the fingers are switched to the clamp or close state. However, as the width of the gap is constant at the clamp state and the thickness of fabric is varied, there is still a need for improving the fingers.
[0063] FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of the finger where the finger / fingertips may leave a suitable width of space in its closed state, so that it is more able to handle thicker materials or even solid objects.
[0064] As illustrated in FIG. 12, instead of fixing the fingertip on the finger body rigidly, a width-adjustable mechanism is included in each of the fingers. Each of the finger 9 includes a finger body 91 and a fingertip 92. Different from the embodiments described above, the fingertip 92 is movable with respect to the finger body through e.g. a guide / sliding mechanism (only schematically shown in FIG. 12) , between the fingertip 92 and the finger body 91, an elastic member, e.g. a spring 93 is provided, as shown in FIG. 12 (a) , so that when the fingers are moved towards the close state, the finger body 91 will drive the fingertip 92 via the spring 93. The guiding / sliding mechanism comprising, but not limited to, linear bushing or linear guide. Therefore, the above configuration allows each finger (i) to move relative to the finger body in accordance with the effective size or width of the object, and (ii) to exert an elastic force against the object to maintain the grasp.
[0065] FIG. 12 (b) shows a variation of finger. Instead of the spring, two magnets are respectively provided on the finger body and the fingertip, the magnets are provided so that the same pole of the magnets faces each other. With the use of magnets, the elastic force is derived from the repulsive force between the like poles, whose magnitude is related to the separation between the magnets through an inverse-square law.
[0066] To further optimize the grasping, the magnetic poles could be arranged in such a way that the poles in the first (left) finger assembly are opposite to those in the second (right) finger assembly, so that a certain attractive force would be developed when the fingertips are brought in close proximity to each other.
[0067] As another embodiment, the passive gripper is attached to a single robotic manipulator, which is operable to perform fabric pick-up and release operations by alternately pushing the gripper against a supported fabric piece as shown in FIG. 13. Since the Y-stroke of the gripper is determined for each given design, position control of the gripper can be used to control the pickup, transfer, and release operations. To facilitate the installation, the gripper PG has a mounting flange MF for connecting to the manipulator M.
[0068] In addition, as a further embodiment, two such grippers PG are attached to two robotic manipulators M to form a dual-arm system that is operable to handle fabrics. FIG. 14 shows the sequence of picking up a fabric based on such setup. By way of position control of the manipulators, the grippers act collectively to pinch the fabric piece near its cut edges. In this case, the passive pinching mechanism of the gripper is preferentially of the asymmetric type as illustrated in FIG. 3, such that the positions of the inner fingers F1 of both grippers are fixed in horizontal direction, and only the outer fingers F2 move laterally. This particular configuration prevents the fabric held between both grippers from being stretched during the pinching motion, thus avoiding unnecessary tension on the fabric. Also, the relative position of the center of the fabric (with respect to the grippers) is not changed, so the placement precision of the fabric can be consistently maintained.
[0069] Where a larger piece of fabric is involved, a wider span of the gripping positions is considered desirable in term of handling capability. Apart from the said dual-arm configuration which allows grasping of fabric cross a larger distance, another embodiment of the invention is a design in which two grippers are supported by a connector C (e.g. a metal bar) providing a separation between the grippers PG that is commensurate with the size of the fabric, and where the said connector is connected to a manipulator M through a mounting flange MF. Furthermore, multiple sets of the above apparatus can be used to handle fabric pieces of even larger sizes and / or of complex geometries. FIG. 15 provides an example of another embodiment, where the apparatus consists of two manipulators each with a pair of passive grippers mounted onto its distal joint through a connector and mounting flange. Such apparatus is operable to grasp a fabric piece at an increased number of points and to maintain the flatness of the fabric bounded by the pinched points during the pick-and-place process. FIG. 16 also shows the operation of the system, as shown in FIG. 16 (a) , the manipulator may be moved to a first position, and the manipulator is actuated to push the passive gripper mounted thereon against the working surface on which a fabric is placed, as shown in FIG. 16 (b) . As the passive gripper is pushed down, the fingers are switched to its clamp state, a part of the fabric is clamped between two fingers, as shown in FIG. 16 (c) . When the manipulator is actuated to lift the passive gripper away from the working surface, the fingers are locked into its clamp state, as shown in FIG. 16 (d) , then, for example, the manipulator may move to a second position and place the fabric at the second position.
[0070] Although the subject invention has been illustrated and described herein with reference to preferred embodiments and specific examples thereof, it will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that other embodiments and examples may perform similar functions and / or achieve like results.
[0071] It should be understood that the examples and embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and that various modifications or changes in light thereof will be suggested to person skilled in the art and are to be included within the spirit and purview of this application and the scope of the appended claims. In addition, any elements or limitations of any invention or embodiment thereof disclosed herein can be combined with any and / or all other elements or limitations (individually or in any combination) or any other invention or embodiment thereof disclosed herein, and all such combinations are contemplated with the scope of the invention without limitation thereto.
Claims
1.A passive gripper for picking up and releasing a fabric, comprising:a housing;a first finger movable along a first trajectory and a second finger movable along a second trajectory;a passive finger driving mechanism configured to move the fingers relative to the housing so that the first finger and the second finger are switched between a clamp state and a release state as the first finger and the second finger are moved respectively along the first trajectory and the second trajectory by a force applied on the first finger and the second finger along a first direction;a locking device configured to lock the first finger and the second finger at the clamp state and / or the release state; anda bias device configured to bias the first finger and the second finger along a second direction opposite to the first direction.2.the passive gripper according to claim 1, wherein the first trajectory and the second trajectory are mirrored and respectively include a part extending obliquely with respect to the first direction so that the first finger and the second finger are moved toward or away from each other when the first finger and the second finger are moved along the first trajectory and second trajectory.3.The passive gripper according to claim 1, wherein the first trajectory is extended along the first direction, and at least a part of the second trajectory is extended obliquely with respect to the first direction, so that the first finger is moved along the first direction and the second finger is moved towards or away from the first finger when the first finger and the second finger are respectively moved along the first and second trajectory.4.The passive gripper according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the passive finger driving mechanism includes a finger cam and a guide pin, each of the first and second trajectory is delimited by the finger cam and the guide pin, the finger cam is provided with one of the housing and the finger, and the guide pin is provided on the other.5.The passive gripper according to any one of claims 1-4, further comprising:a slider operatively connected with the first and second fingers, so that the slider is translated along the first direction or the second direction with respect to the housing when the first and second fingers are moved along the first and second trajectory.6.The passive gripper according to claim 5, wherein the first and / or second finger is provided to be movable with respect to the slider along a direction perpendicular to the first direction.7.The passive gripper according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the bias device includes a spring biasing the slider along the second direction.8.The passive gripper according to any one of claims 5-7, wherein the locking device comprises:a follower operatively connected with the slider so as to be move along with the translation of the slider; anda cam slot which is provided with the housing and with which the follower is engaged so that the follower is moved along the cam slot when the follower is moved with the slider.9.The passive gripper according to claim 8, wherein the follower is a pin, and a slider slot is provided in the slider, the pin is engaged in both the cam slot and the slider slot and is slid along the cam slot and the slider slot as the slider is moved.10.The passive gripper according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the cam slot is generally of heart shape, includes a first half section and a second half section, the first half section and the second half section are connected at a first holding portion and a second holding portion spaced apart in the first direction, wherein the first holding portion and the second holding portion are configured to respectively hold the follower to lock the first and second fingers at the clamp state and the release state, respectively.11.The passive griper according to claim 10, wherein the first and / or the second finger cam includes a section extended along the first direction.12.The passive griper according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein each of the fingers includes a tip which is subjected from treatment to increase friction force.13.The passive griper according to claim 12, wherein the treatment includes any one selected from the group consisted of:being processed to increase friction force;made of material having high friction coefficient;being applied with a coating having high friction coefficient; andfitted with an appendix which has high friction coefficient.14.the passive gripper according to any one of claims 1-13, wherein each of the finger includes an adaptor to allow the finger to fit with different tips.15.the passive gripper according to any one of claims 8-14, wherein the gripper includes a housing, the housing includes a first pair of opposing panels and a second pair of opposing panels which are respectively perpendicular to the first pair of opposing panels;wherein the finger cam or the guide pin is provided with one or both of the first pair of opposing panels and the other of the finger cam or the guide pin is provided with the finger; andthe cam slot is provided with one or both of the first pair of opposing panels.16.the passive gripper according to any one of claims 8-14, wherein the gripper includes a housing, the housing includes a first pair of opposing panels and a second pair of opposing panels which are respectively perpendicular to the first pair of opposing panels;wherein one of the finger cam or the guide pin is provided with one or both of the first pair of opposing panels and the other of the finger cam or the guide pin is provided with the finger; andthe cam slot is provided with one or both of the second pair of opposing panels.17.The passive gripper according to any one of claims 1-16, wherein each of the fingers includes a finger body and a fingertip, the fingertip is fixed on the finger body.18.The passive gripper according to any one of claims 1-16, wherein each of the fingers includes a finger body and a fingertip, the fingertip is mounted on the finger body through a width adjustable mechanism.19.The passive gripper according to claim 18, wherein the width adjustable mechanism includes a spring.20.The passive gripper according to claim 18, wherein the width adjustable mechanism includes two magnets mounted respectively on the finger body and the fingertip with the pole of each magnet facing each other.21.A method for manipulating a fabric by using the passive gripper according to any one of claims 1-20, comprising:in the state that the first and second fingers are in the release state, moving the passive gripper to a first position on a working surface and abutting the passive gripper against the fabric on the working surface;pushing the passive gripper towards the fabric to move the first and second fingers along the first and second trajectories into the clamp state with at least a part of the fabric clamped between the first and second fingers; andlifting the passive gripper away from the working surface.22.the method according to claim 21, before the passive gripper is moved to the first position, placing the passive gripper into the release state.23.The method according to claim 21 or 22, further comprising moving the passive gripper with the fabric to a second position; andpressing the first and second finger of the passive gripper on the working surface to switch the first and second fingers into the release state to release the fabric.24.A fabric manipulating system comprising:one or more robotic arms;a mounting flange; andat least one passive gripper mounted on a terminal of the robotic arm via the mounting flange, wherein the passive gripper is that according to any one of claims 1-20.25.The system according to claim 24, wherein two passive grippers are mounted on the terminal of the robotic arm, the two passive grippers are spaced apart at a predetermined distance.26.The system according to claim 25, wherein the two passive grippers are two grippers according to claim 3, wherein the first finger of one passive gripper and the first finger of the other passive gripper are adjacent to each other and spaced apart at the predetermined distance.
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