A heating, charging and discharging device and method for a closed cavity of a power battery

Abstract

The present invention discloses a heating charging and discharging device and method for a power battery closed cavity, aiming to solve the problems of large temperature difference at various positions, poor temperature uniformity, and high energy consumption during the charging and discharging process of the battery. The invention includes a base, a lifting table, a top seat, a tray, and a heating element. The tray is installed on the lifting table, and heat insulation plates extending upward are installed on the left, right, and rear sides of the lifting table; a door plate extending downward is installed on the front side of the top seat, and the lifting table is arranged to move up and down between the base and the top seat; after the lifting table moves upward in place, the lifting table, the top seat, the door plate, and the three heat insulation plates together enclose a closed cavity, and the heating element heats the closed cavity. A battery clamping assembly is installed on the tray, a battery is installed on the battery clamping assembly, an ambient temperature detector, a positive electrode contact rod, a negative electrode contact rod, and a battery temperature detection contact rod are installed on the top seat, and the positive electrode contact rod, the negative electrode contact rod, and the battery temperature detection contact rod are respectively in contact with the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the surface of the battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a battery charging and discharging technology, and more specifically, to a power battery enclosed cavity heating charging and discharging device and method. Background Art

[0002] During the production and activation process of power batteries, it is necessary to charge and discharge the batteries. During the charging and discharging process, the battery environment needs to be controlled within a stable temperature range, such as 45°C ± 3°C. Currently, the charging and discharging equipment at home and abroad basically places the equipment in a room with environmental control, and controls the temperature of the room to ensure that the temperature in the equipment storage location remains within a stable temperature range. In addition, currently for the temperature control of soft-pack batteries, a contact pressure heating control method is adopted. Although this technology improves the control effect of the battery temperature, on the one hand, the heating plate is in direct contact with the battery, and research shows that there are greater potential risks to the performance of the battery itself. On the other hand, the direct heating of the heating plate only heats the large surface of the battery, resulting in temperature differences in the temperature conduction of the battery itself, and the applicability of this technology to square batteries with a larger thickness is uncertain.

[0003] The traditional method of controlling the temperature in the room cannot guarantee the temperature consistency between the charging and discharging equipment first. The temperature difference can reach about 8°C. Secondly, the temperature stability control of the batteries in a single equipment is poor, and the temperature uniformity is controlled within about ±4°C. And because more than 2 / 3 of the temperature is wasted in unnecessary space in the traditional method, there is a very large energy waste. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above deficiencies, the present invention provides a power battery enclosed cavity heating charging and discharging device and method. Compared with the traditional temperature control method, the energy consumption is reduced by more than about 20%, the temperature control effect of the battery is improved, the temperature uniformity within the same storage location is improved from ±4°C to within ±2°C, and the overall temperature control consistency is improved more. Compared with the traditional equipment, the temperature difference between the storage locations in the same large environment is reduced from the traditional difference of about 8°C to within 4°C.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A heating, charging and discharging device for a power battery closed cavity, comprising a base, a lifting table, a top seat, a tray, and a heating element. The tray is installed on the lifting table, and heat insulation plates extending upward are installed on the left, right, and rear sides of the lifting table; a door plate extending downward is installed on the front side of the top seat, and the lifting table is arranged to move up and down between the base and the top seat; after the lifting table moves upward in place, the lifting table, the top seat, the door plate, and the three heat insulation plates together enclose a closed cavity, and the heating element heats the closed cavity. A battery clamping assembly is installed on the tray, and a battery is installed on the battery clamping assembly. An ambient temperature detector, a positive electrode contact rod, a negative electrode contact rod, and a battery temperature detection contact rod are installed on the top seat, and the positive electrode contact rod, the negative electrode contact rod, and the battery temperature detection contact rod are respectively in contact with the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the surface of the battery.

[0006] During the charging and discharging operation of the battery, the battery is loaded onto the battery clamping assembly on the tray, and the tray is installed on the lifting table. Then the lifting table is moved upward in place so that the lifting table, the top seat, the door plate, and the three heat insulation plates together enclose a closed cavity; at this time, the positive electrode contact rod, the negative electrode contact rod, and the battery temperature detection contact rod are respectively in contact with the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the surface of the battery. The heating element works to heat, and the ambient temperature inside the closed cavity is detected by the ambient temperature detector. When the temperature reaches the set range, the positive electrode contact rod and the negative electrode contact rod are energized to realize the charging and discharging of the battery; when the battery temperature detected by the battery temperature detection contact rod is abnormal, the lifting table descends and the heating element stops working. After the charging and discharging of the battery is completed, the lifting table moves downward, the tray is removed from the lifting table, and the battery is unloaded from the tray.

[0007] The lifting table, the top seat, the door plate, and the three heat insulation plates together enclose a closed cavity, and the inside of the closed cavity is heated by the heating element to control the temperature inside the closed cavity, without the need to control the temperature of the external large environment, reducing the life loss of external equipment caused by the influence of the ambient temperature. The temperature control in the small environment inside the closed cavity can improve the conventional temperature uniformity from ±4°C to about ±2°C.

[0008] This heating, charging and discharging device for a power battery closed cavity reduces the energy consumption by about 20% or more compared with the traditional temperature control method, improves the temperature control effect of the battery, improves the temperature uniformity within the same storage location from ±4°C to within ±2°C, and improves the overall temperature control consistency more. Compared with the traditional equipment, the temperature difference between storage locations in the same large environment is increased from the traditional about 8°C to within 4°C.

[0009] Preferably, a piston cylinder is installed on the top seat, the telescopic rod of the piston cylinder is connected to the lifting table, and a lifting guide rod is installed between the base and the top seat, and the lifting guide rod is movably inserted and connected to the lifting table.

[0010] The lifting platform is driven by a piston cylinder to move up and down. The lifting guide rod plays a good guiding role, making the movement of the lifting platform more stable and reliable, and the position will not deviate.

[0011] Preferably, the battery clamping assembly includes a number of positioning edges. The positioning edges are sequentially connected end to end to form a positioning frame. A support bar is provided inside the positioning frame. The bottom of the battery is adaptively installed in the positioning frame and the battery is supported on the support bar.

[0012] The battery is installed stably and reliably in the positioning frame. The support bar supports the battery, making the bottom of the battery suspended, which is beneficial to improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0013] Preferably, positioning holes are provided at the bottom of the tray, and positioning pins are installed on the lifting platform. The positioning pins and the positioning holes are adaptively inserted.

[0014] When the tray is installed, the positioning pins and the positioning holes are adaptively positioned to ensure the precise installation of the tray.

[0015] Preferably, a number of limiting plates are correspondingly installed on the lifting platform and the tray. The limiting plates are sequentially connected end to end to form a limiting frame. The lower part of the tray is installed inside the limiting frame; a support frame is installed inside the limiting frame, and the tray is supported on the support frame.

[0016] The edge of the tray is adapted to the limiting frame, which is beneficial to the stable installation of the tray.

[0017] Preferably, the heating element is installed inside the heat insulation board, and a heating element is installed in each heat insulation board; a heating temperature sensor is installed inside the heat insulation board.

[0018] The heating element installed inside the heat insulation board heats the entire closed cavity, which is beneficial to the temperature uniformity at various positions inside the closed cavity.

[0019] Preferably, heat insulation layers are provided on the outside of the heat insulation board, on the outside of the door panel, on the lower surface of the lifting platform, and on the lower surface of the top seat. The setting of the heat insulation layer can improve the heat insulation effect on the closed cavity.

[0020] Preferably, a pressure relief hole is provided on the top seat. A closing plug is connected inside the pressure relief hole, and a pre-tightening spring is installed between the closing plug and the top seat.

[0021] When the temperature inside the closed cavity exceeds the set range, and the ambient temperature detector and the battery temperature detection contact rod fail to detect abnormalities, the pressure inside the closed cavity increases, the closing plug is pushed outwards, and the pressure relief hole is opened to relieve pressure, avoiding excessive pressure inside the closed cavity from damaging the equipment and the battery, and even causing safety accidents.

[0022] Preferably, the top seat is provided with heat dissipation holes, and a one-way intake valve is installed in the heat dissipation holes. The heat dissipation holes are connected to a fan, and a heat dissipation circuit and a power supply circuit are installed on the top seat. The closing plug is connected to a trigger rod. A row of ratchet teeth and two pushing ridges are provided on the trigger rod. An inclined pushing surface is provided on the pushing ridges. An insurance switch and a ventilation switch are installed on the top seat. The insurance switch is connected to the heat dissipation circuit, and the ventilation switch, the heating element, the positive electrode contact rod, and the negative electrode contact rod are all connected to the power supply circuit. An insurance push rod and a ventilation push rod are respectively provided on the insurance switch and the ventilation switch. A ratchet pawl is installed on the top seat, and the end of the ratchet pawl is stuck between two adjacent ratchet teeth. As the trigger rod moves outwards along with the closing plug, the two pushing surfaces respectively abut against the insurance push rod and the ventilation push rod, driving the insurance push rod and the ventilation push rod to move, thereby triggering the disconnection of the insurance switch and the conduction of the ventilation switch. The fan blows air into the closed cavity, and the air flow in the closed cavity is discharged outwards from the pressure relief hole.

[0023] When the pressure relief hole is opened for pressure relief, the trigger rod moves outwards. The two pushing surfaces respectively abut against the insurance push rod and the ventilation push rod, driving the insurance push rod and the ventilation push rod to move, thereby triggering the disconnection of the insurance switch and the conduction of the ventilation switch. The heating element, the positive electrode contact rod, and the negative electrode contact rod are powered off, and the fan is powered on and starts to blow air into the closed cavity. The air flow in the closed cavity is discharged outwards from the pressure relief hole to dissipate heat from the closed cavity and accelerate the heat dissipation speed in the closed cavity.

[0024] A method for heating, charging and discharging a power battery in a closed cavity uses a power battery closed cavity heating, charging and discharging device to perform power battery charging and discharging operations, including the following steps:

[0025] S1, Load the battery onto the battery clamping assembly on the tray and install the tray on the lifting platform.

[0026] S2, The lifting platform moves upwards to the in-place position, so that the lifting platform, the top seat, the door panel, and the three heat insulation boards together enclose a closed cavity. At this time, the positive electrode contact rod, the negative electrode contact rod, and the battery temperature detection contact rod are respectively in contact with the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the surface of the battery.

[0027] S3, The heating element works for heating. The ambient temperature detector detects the ambient temperature in the closed cavity. When the temperature reaches the set range, the positive electrode contact rod and the negative electrode contact rod are powered on to realize the charging and discharging of the battery. When the battery temperature detected by the battery temperature detection contact rod is abnormal, the lifting platform descends and the heating element stops working. When the temperature in the closed cavity exceeds the set range, and the ambient temperature detector and the battery temperature detection contact rod fail to detect abnormalities, the pressure in the closed cavity increases, the closing plug is pushed outwards, the pressure relief hole is opened for pressure relief, and at the same time the trigger rod moves outwards. The two pushing surfaces respectively abut against the insurance push rod and the ventilation push rod, driving the insurance push rod and the ventilation push rod to move, thereby triggering the disconnection of the insurance switch and the conduction of the ventilation switch. The heating element, the positive electrode contact rod, and the negative electrode contact rod are powered off, and the fan is powered on and starts to blow air into the closed cavity. The air flow in the closed cavity is discharged outwards from the pressure relief hole to dissipate heat from the closed cavity.

[0028] After the charging and discharging of the battery are completed at S4, the lifting platform moves downward, removes the tray from the lifting platform, and unloads the battery from the tray.

[0029] The charging and discharging operation of the power battery is carried out in a closed cavity, isolated from the external environment, which is beneficial to reducing energy consumption and has good temperature consistency at each position.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) Compared with the traditional temperature control method, the technical solution of the present invention reduces energy consumption by about more than 20%, improves the temperature control effect of the battery, improves the temperature uniformity within the same storage location from ±4°C to within ±2°C, and improves the overall temperature control consistency more. Compared with the traditional equipment, the temperature difference between storage locations in the same large environment is reduced from about 8°C in the traditional case to within 4°C; (2) The battery does not need to be in contact to achieve a better temperature control uniformity effect; (3) The closed cavity heating and charging and discharging device for the power battery of the present invention is not affected by the external environmental temperature, and can ensure the temperature control consistency of multiple devices. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0031] Figure 1 is a front structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 is a side structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 is a front structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 is of the present invention Figure 3 partial enlarged schematic diagram of the connection of the closing plug;

[0035] In the figure: 1. Base, 2. Lifting platform, 3. Top seat, 4. Tray, 5. Heating element, 6. Piston cylinder, 7. Lifting guide rod, 8. Sliding sleeve, 9. Heat insulation plate, 10. Door panel, 11. Heating temperature sensor, 12. Sealing and heat insulation strip, 13. Heat insulation layer, 14. Card slot, 15. Battery, 16. Ambient temperature detector, 17. Positive contact rod, 18. Negative contact rod, 19. Battery temperature detection contact rod, 20. Positioning edge, 21. Support strip, 22. Positioning hole, 23. Positioning pin, 24. Limit plate, 25. Support frame, 26. Sealing plug, 27. Pre-tightening spring, 28. Extension sleeve, 29. End cover, 30. Exhaust groove, 31. Ventilation groove, 32. Heat dissipation hole, 33. Fan, 34. Trigger rod, 35. Ratchet tooth, 36. Pushing rib, 37. Pushing surface, 38. Safety switch, 39. Ventilation switch, 40. Safety push rod, 41. Ventilation push rod, 42. Pawl, 43. Support, 44. Fixed cylinder, 45. Contact spring, 46. Connecting cover, 47. Convex ring, 48. Conductive ring, 49. Conductive gasket, 50. Avoidance hole, 51. Installation cylinder, 52. Return spring, 53. Positioning cover, 54. Flange, 55. Buffer block, 56. Conductive block, 57. Energized block, 58. Support rod, 59. Pressure relief hole. Detailed implementation mode

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention will be further specifically described below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the drawings:

[0037] Embodiment 1: A heating, charging and discharging device for a closed cavity of a power battery (see attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 ), including a base 1, a lifting platform 2, a top seat 3, a tray 4, and a heating element 5. The heating element uses a heating rod. The tray is installed on the lifting platform, and the lifting platform is arranged to move up and down between the base and the top seat. A piston cylinder 6 is installed on the top seat, the telescopic rod of the piston cylinder is connected to the lifting platform, a lifting guide rod 7 is installed between the base and the top seat, and the lifting guide rod is movably inserted and connected to the lifting platform. Sliding sleeves 8 are correspondingly installed on the lifting platform and the lifting guide rod, and the lifting guide rod is sleeved and connected with the sliding sleeves.

[0038] Heat insulation plates 9 extending upward are installed on the left, right, and rear sides of the lifting platform; a door panel 10 extending downward is installed on the front side of the top seat; after the lifting platform moves upward in place, the lifting platform, the top seat, the door panel, and the three heat insulation plates together enclose a closed cavity, the heating element heats the closed cavity, the heating element is installed in the heat insulation plate, and a heating element is installed in each heat insulation plate; a heating temperature sensor 11 is installed in the heat insulation plate. A sealing and heat insulation strip 12 is installed at the upper end of the heat insulation plate. Heat insulation layers 13 are provided on the outside of the heat insulation plate, the outside of the door panel, the lower surface of the lifting platform, and the lower surface of the top seat. Card slots 14 are correspondingly provided on the lifting platform and the door panel, and the lower end of the door panel is clamped in the card slot after the lifting platform moves upward in place.

[0039] A battery clamping assembly is installed on the tray, and a battery 15 is installed on the battery clamping assembly. An ambient temperature detector 16, a positive electrode contact rod 17, a negative electrode contact rod 18, and a battery temperature detection contact rod 19 are installed on the top seat. The positive electrode contact rod, the negative electrode contact rod, and the battery temperature detection contact rod are respectively in contact with the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the surface of the battery. The battery clamping assembly includes a number of positioning edges 20, and the positioning edges are connected end to end in sequence to form a positioning frame. A support bar 21 is provided inside the positioning frame. The bottom of the battery is adaptively installed in the positioning frame and the battery is supported on the support bar.

[0040] Positioning holes 22 are provided at the bottom of the tray, and positioning pins 23 are installed on the lifting platform. The positioning pins and the positioning holes are adaptively inserted. A number of limit plates 24 are installed on the lifting platform and corresponding to the tray. The limit plates are connected end to end in sequence to form a limit frame. The lower part of the tray is installed inside the limit frame; a support frame 25 is installed inside the limit frame, and the tray is supported on the support frame. A position sensor is installed on the lifting platform. After the tray is installed in place, the position sensor detects the in-place signal of the tray.

[0041] During the battery charge and discharge operation, the battery is loaded onto the battery clamping assembly on the tray, and the tray is installed on the lifting platform. Then the lifting platform is moved upward to the in-place position, so that the lifting platform, the top seat, the door panel, and the three heat insulation plates together enclose a closed cavity; at this time, the positive electrode contact rod, the negative electrode contact rod, and the battery temperature detection contact rod are respectively in contact with the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the surface of the battery. The heating element works to heat, and the ambient temperature detector detects the ambient temperature inside the closed cavity. When the temperature reaches the set range, the positive electrode contact rod and the negative electrode contact rod are energized to realize the charge and discharge of the battery; when the battery temperature detected by the battery temperature detection contact rod is abnormal, the lifting platform descends and the heating element stops working. After the battery charge and discharge is completed, the lifting platform moves downward, the tray is removed from the lifting platform, and the battery is unloaded from the tray.

[0042] Embodiment 2: A power battery closed cavity heating charge and discharge device (see Appendix Figure 3 and Appendix Figure 4 ), its structure is similar to that of Embodiment 1. The main difference is that in this embodiment, a pressure relief hole 59 is provided on the top seat, a closing plug 26 is connected inside the pressure relief hole, and a pre-tightening spring 27 is installed between the closing plug and the top seat.

[0043] An extension sleeve 28 is provided on the top seat and corresponding to the pressure relief hole. The upper end of the extension sleeve is connected to the end cover 29. The preload spring is installed in the extension sleeve. The upper end of the preload spring abuts on the end cover, and the lower end abuts on the closing plug. The pressure relief hole is T-shaped, and the closing plug is T-shaped. The side wall of the large diameter part of the closing plug is provided with a plurality of axially arranged exhaust grooves 30, and the side wall of the extension sleeve is provided with a plurality of ventilation grooves 31. An insulation layer is provided on the lower end surface of the closing plug. The small diameter part of the closing plug is sealed and connected to the small diameter part of the pressure relief hole. A heat dissipation hole 32 is provided on the top seat. A one-way air inlet valve is installed in the heat dissipation hole. The heat dissipation hole is connected to the fan 33, and the outer end of the heat dissipation hole is connected to the air outlet of the fan. A heat dissipation circuit and a power supply circuit are installed on the top seat; a trigger rod 34 is connected to the closing plug, and a row of ratchet teeth 35 and two push convex strips 36 are provided on the trigger rod, and an inclined push surface 37 is provided on the push convex strip; a safety switch 38 and a ventilation switch 39 are installed on the top seat; the safety switch is connected to the heat dissipation circuit, and the ventilation switch, the heating body, the positive electrode contact rod and the negative electrode contact rod are all connected to the power supply circuit; a safety push rod 40 and a ventilation push rod 41 are respectively provided on the safety switch and the ventilation switch, a pawl 42 is installed on the top seat, and the end of the pawl is stuck between two adjacent ratchets; a support 43 is installed on the end cover, one end of the pawl is hinged on the support, a spring is installed between the pawl and the support, a positioning column is provided on the support, and the pawl abuts against the positioning column.

[0044] The safety switch includes a fixed tube 44, an abutment spring 45, and a connection cover 46. A convex ring 47 is provided on the safety push rod, a conductive ring 48 is installed on the end face of the convex ring, and a conductive gasket 49 is installed on the connection cover. The conductive ring and the conductive gasket fit and conduct. One end of the safety push rod is adapted to be installed in the fixed tube, the connection cover is connected to the end of the fixed tube, the abutment spring abuts between the convex ring and the fixed tube, an avoidance hole 50 is provided in the safety push rod, the conductive ring is connected to the wire, the wire passes through the avoidance hole and passes out from the bottom of the fixed tube. The conductive gasket is connected to the wire, the wire passes through the connection cover, and the two wires are connected in series to the power supply circuit.

[0045] The ventilation switch includes a mounting tube 51, a reset spring 52, and a positioning cover 53. A flange 54 is provided on the ventilation push rod. One end of the ventilation push rod is adapted to be installed in the mounting tube. The positioning cover is connected to the end of the mounting tube. The reset spring abuts between the flange and the mounting tube, and the flange abuts on the positioning cover. The end of the ventilation push rod is therefore connected to a buffer block 55 and a conductive block 56. A power-on block 57 is installed at the bottom of the mounting tube. The conductive block and the power-on block are arranged at intervals. The conductive block and the power-on block are respectively connected to two wires, and the two wires are connected in series to the heat dissipation circuit. A support rod 58 is provided on the top seat. The safety switch and the ventilation switch are both installed on the support rod. The safety switch and the ventilation switch are arranged at intervals up and down, and the two push convex strips are arranged at intervals up and down.

[0046] The trigger rod moves outward with the closing plug. The two pushing surfaces respectively abut against the safety push rod and the ventilation push rod, driving the safety push rod and the ventilation push rod to move. The movement of the safety push rod separates the conductive ring and the conductive gasket, and the safety switch is turned off. The movement of the ventilation push rod makes the conductive block and the energized block fit and conduct, and the ventilation switch is turned on. The fan is powered on and starts to blow air into the closed cavity, and the air flow in the closed cavity is discharged outward from the pressure relief hole.

[0047] A method for heating, charging and discharging a power battery closed cavity, which uses a power battery closed cavity heating, charging and discharging device to perform power battery charging and discharging operations, includes the following steps:

[0048] S1, Load the battery onto the battery clamping assembly on the tray and install the tray on the lifting platform.

[0049] S2, The piston cylinder drives the lifting platform to move upward in place, so that the lifting platform, the top seat, the door panel and the three heat insulation plates together enclose a closed cavity; at this time, the positive contact rod, the negative contact rod and the battery temperature detection contact rod are respectively in contact with the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the battery surface of the battery.

[0050] S3, The heating element works to heat. The ambient temperature detector detects the ambient temperature in the closed cavity. When the temperature reaches the set range, the positive contact rod and the negative contact rod are energized to realize the charging and discharging of the battery; when the battery temperature detected by the battery temperature detection contact rod is abnormal, the lifting platform descends and the heating element stops working; when the temperature in the closed cavity exceeds the set range, and the ambient temperature detector and the battery temperature detection contact rod fail to detect abnormalities, the pressure in the closed cavity increases, the closing plug is pushed outward, the pressure relief hole is opened for pressure relief, and at the same time the trigger rod moves outward. The two pushing surfaces respectively abut against the safety push rod and the ventilation push rod, driving the safety push rod and the ventilation push rod to move, thereby triggering the safety switch to turn off and the ventilation switch to turn on. The heating element, the positive contact rod and the negative contact rod are powered off, the fan is powered on and starts to blow air into the closed cavity, and the air flow in the closed cavity is discharged outward from the pressure relief hole to dissipate heat from the closed cavity.

[0051] S4, After the battery charging and discharging are completed, the lifting platform moves downward, removes the tray from the lifting platform, and unloads the battery from the tray.

[0052] The above-described embodiments are only preferred solutions of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. There are other variations and modifications without exceeding the technical solutions recorded in the claims.

Claims

1. A heating, charging and discharging device for a closed cavity of a power battery, characterized in that It includes a base, a lifting table, a top seat, a tray, and a heating element. The tray is installed on the lifting table, and heat insulation plates extending upward are installed on the left side, right side, and rear side of the lifting table; a door plate extending downward is installed on the front side of the top seat, and the lifting table is arranged to move up and down between the base and the top seat; after the lifting table moves upward in place, the lifting table, the top seat, the door plate, and the three heat insulation plates together enclose a closed cavity, and the heating element heats the closed cavity. A battery clamping assembly is installed on the tray, a battery is installed on the battery clamping assembly, an ambient temperature detector, a positive electrode contact rod, a negative electrode contact rod, and a battery temperature detection contact rod are installed on the top seat, and the positive electrode contact rod, the negative electrode contact rod, and the battery temperature detection contact rod are respectively in contact with the positive electrode, negative electrode, and surface of the battery; a pressure relief hole is provided on the top seat, a closing plug is connected in the pressure relief hole, and a pre-tightening spring is installed between the closing plug and the top seat; a heat dissipation hole is provided on the top seat, the heat dissipation hole is connected to a fan, and a heat dissipation circuit and a power supply circuit are installed on the top seat; a trigger rod is connected to the closing plug, and an insurance switch and a ventilation switch are installed on the top seat; the insurance switch is connected to the heat dissipation circuit, and the ventilation switch, the heating element, the positive electrode contact rod, and the negative electrode contact rod are all connected to the power supply circuit; an insurance push rod and a ventilation push rod are respectively provided on the insurance switch and the ventilation switch; the trigger rod moves outward with the closing plug, driving the insurance push rod and the ventilation push rod to move, thereby triggering the insurance switch to disconnect and the ventilation switch to conduct, and the fan blows air into the closed cavity, and the air flow in the closed cavity is discharged outward from the pressure relief hole.

2. The heating, charging and discharging device for the closed cavity of a power battery according to claim 1, wherein A piston cylinder is installed on the top seat, the telescopic rod of the piston cylinder is connected to the lifting table, and a lifting guide rod is installed between the base and the top seat, and the lifting guide rod is movably inserted and connected to the lifting table.

3. The heating, charging and discharging device for the closed cavity of a power battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery clamping assembly includes a number of positioning edges, the positioning edges are connected end to end in sequence to form a positioning frame, a support strip is provided in the positioning frame, and the bottom of the battery is adaptively installed in the positioning frame and the battery is supported on the support strip.

4. The heating, charging and discharging device for the closed cavity of a power battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, Positioning holes are provided at the bottom of the tray, and positioning pins are installed on the lifting table, and the positioning pins and the positioning holes are adaptively inserted.

5. The heating, charging and discharging device for a power battery closed cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that A number of limiting plates are installed on the lifting table corresponding to the tray, the limiting plates are connected end to end in sequence to form a limiting frame, and the lower part of the tray is installed in the limiting frame; a support frame is installed in the limiting frame, and the tray is supported on the support frame.

6. The heating, charging and discharging device for the closed cavity of a power battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating element is installed in the heat insulation plate, and a heating element is installed in each heat insulation plate; a heating temperature sensor is installed in the heat insulation plate.

7. A power battery enclosed cavity heating charging and discharging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Heat insulation layers are provided on the outside of the heat insulation plate, outside the door plate, on the lower surface of the lifting table, and on the lower surface of the top seat.

8. The heating, charging and discharging device for the closed cavity of a power battery according to claim 1, wherein A one-way intake valve is installed in the heat dissipation hole, a row of ratchet teeth and two pushing convex strips are provided on the trigger rod, an inclined pushing surface is provided on the pushing convex strip, and a ratchet pawl is installed on the top seat, and the end of the ratchet pawl is stuck between two adjacent ratchet teeth; the two pushing surfaces respectively abut against the insurance push rod and the ventilation push rod.

9. A method for heating, charging and discharging a closed cavity of a power battery, characterized in that, Performing a charging and discharging operation on a power battery by using the power battery closed cavity heating and charging and discharging device according to claim 8, including the following steps: S1, loading the battery onto the battery clamping assembly on the tray and installing the tray on the lifting table; S2, moving the lifting table upward in place so that the lifting table, the top seat, the door plate, and the three heat insulation plates together enclose a closed cavity; at this time, the positive electrode contact rod, the negative electrode contact rod, and the battery temperature detection contact rod are respectively in contact with the positive electrode, negative electrode, and surface of the battery; S3, the heating body works to heat, and the ambient temperature in the closed cavity is detected by the ambient temperature detector. When the temperature reaches the set range, the positive electrode contact rod and the negative electrode contact rod are energized to realize charging and discharging of the battery; when the battery temperature detected by the battery temperature detection contact rod is abnormal, the lifting platform descends and the heating body stops working; when the temperature in the closed cavity exceeds the set range, and the ambient temperature detector and the battery temperature detection contact rod fail to detect the abnormality, the pressure in the closed cavity increases, the sealing plug is pushed outward, so that the pressure relief hole is opened to relieve pressure, and the trigger rod moves outward at the same time, and the two pushing surfaces respectively abut against the safety push rod and the ventilation push rod, driving the safety push rod and the ventilation push rod to move, thereby triggering the safety switch to disconnect and the ventilation switch to turn on, the heating body, the positive electrode contact rod and the negative electrode contact rod are powered off, and the fan is powered on to start blowing air into the closed cavity, and the airflow in the closed cavity is discharged outward from the pressure relief hole to dissipate heat in the closed cavity; S4, after the battery is charged and discharged, the lifting platform moves downward, the tray is moved out of the lifting platform, and the battery is unloaded from the tray.

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