Automatic ballast filling operation method for railway line

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for automatic ballast replenishment on railway lines, comprising the following steps: an integrated operation vehicle continuously travels, and when the ballast bucket approaches the top of the pick pocket, the control device outputs a trigger signal to control the power mechanism to start, driving the spiral transmission mechanism to rotate a certain number of circles, quantitatively taking out ballast from the ballast bucket and dropping it into the pick pocket, and the automatic ballast replenishment device completes one operation cycle. At the same time, the control device infers the distance of the next group of four pick pockets based on the spacing of the next group of sleepers measured by the detection device located in the front, and then calculates the time required to pass through the next group of four pick pockets based on the operating vehicle speed, and performs the next ballast replenishment operation. This is repeated to achieve automatic and accurate ballast replenishment by the integrated operation vehicle during continuous travel. The present invention can solve the technical problems of the existing ballast replenishment method, which is prone to failure, poor reliability, low operability and practicality, and inability to achieve quantitative ballast distribution control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway engineering machinery technology, and in particular to an automatic ballast backfilling method for railway line tamping construction. Background Art

[0002] Besides high-speed railways, which use ballastless track, my country currently has over 100,000 kilometers of ordinary railway lines. As these lines age, they require tamping maintenance. Furthermore, whether replacing rails or laying new lines, the ballast supporting the rails in the track bed needs to be tamped using equipment such as tamping machines and vibratory tamping picks to ensure stable and reliable rail support. When laying new railway lines or performing tamping maintenance on existing lines, the ballast sinks after tamping, forming pick holes that need to be filled. Obviously, during the tamping process, the ballast sinks and forms pick holes of a certain volume. To ensure the ballast provides sufficient support, these pick holes need to be filled with ballast. Currently, the main ballast filling work is done manually, which is labor-intensive and requires a large workforce.

[0003] In the prior art, the following technical solutions are mainly related to this invention:

[0004] Prior art 1 is a Chinese invention application filed by China Railway Construction High-Tech Equipment Co., Ltd. on September 14, 2018, and published on December 11, 2018, with publication number CN108978370A. This invention discloses a ballast-laying device for backfilling ballast pits, including a ballast hopper and a ballast-laying device. The bottom of the hopper has a ballast drop opening, and an anti-jamming structure is provided between the lower part of the hopper and the ballast-laying device. Compared with existing manual methods, this invention is widely applicable to situations requiring fixed-point and quantitative ballast feeding, especially suitable for automatic backfilling of ballast pits formed after tamping operations. It can achieve fixed-point and quantitative ballast feeding, replacing existing manual ballast pit backfilling operations, significantly reducing manual workload and saving considerable labor costs, while also greatly improving the efficiency of ballast pit backfilling. However, this invention is prone to ballast jamming at the edge of the hopper for larger ballast, leading to damage to the rotating device. Especially when the ballast begins to fill the funnel, the pressure of the ballast on the rotating device is very high, making it difficult to separate the ballast into layers at the ballast opening. Consequently, the ballast separating device cannot smoothly rotate in and out. Therefore, the ballast lowering device of this invention is prone to failure, has poor reliability, and is not very workable.

[0005] Prior art 2 is a Chinese utility model patent applied for by China Railway Construction High-Tech Equipment Co., Ltd. and China Railway Corporation on January 25, 2019, and published on March 17, 2020, with publication number CN210151491U. This utility model discloses a ballast separating device adapted to different operating positions, including a ballast lowering device and a ballast separating device. The ballast separating device is located below the lowering device and includes a separating hopper and a separating adjustable mechanism. The separating adjustable mechanism includes a separating hopper hydraulic cylinder, a guide rod, and a guide rod column. A fastener sensing device is provided below the separating device, which includes a fastener sensing lifting beam and a fastener sensing sensor. This utility model can transport ballast on board and automatically backfill ballast into the ballast pits; it can also automatically adjust the direction of ballast placement to perform ballast backfilling operations for track beds with different sleeper spacings when sleeper spacing is inconsistent; it can effectively improve the compaction of ballast between sleepers, further enhance track bed stability, and ensure train operation safety. However, this utility model mainly uses a hydraulic cylinder to drive the ballast distribution bucket to swing along the length of the rail to adapt to different sleeper spacings. At the same time, the ballast placement device of this utility model has the same structure as existing technology 1, and has similar technical defects.

[0006] Prior art 3 is a Chinese invention application filed by China Railway Construction High-Tech Equipment Co., Ltd. on August 31, 2018, and published on December 21, 2018, with publication number CN109056433A. This invention discloses a ballast maintenance device for sleeper tracks, including a trolley frame, a ballast compaction trolley mounted below the trolley frame, and a backfilling device for ballast pits mounted on the trolley frame. The backfilling device includes a ballast bucket, a ballast lowering device, a ballast separating device, and a ballast filling operation power source. The device uses the ballast filling operation power source to drive the ballast lowering device to rotate, achieving quantitative ballast lowering. The ballast separating device guides the ballast falling from the lowering device into the ballast pits between the sleepers on both sides of the rail. Compared to existing manual methods, this invention can be integrated into large-scale road maintenance machinery and equipped with a corresponding intelligent detection and control system. It simultaneously performs automatic backfilling of tamping pits and automatic compaction of ballast between sleepers, enabling fixed-point and quantitative ballast laying and compaction operations, replacing manual labor. This significantly saves labor costs and greatly improves maintenance efficiency. However, the invention's operating device cannot handle vehicle centerline deviations during curved sections, and the ballast buckets cannot be aligned with the tamping pits; it is only suitable for straight sections. Furthermore, the ballast laying principle of this invention is the same as existing technology 1.

[0007] Prior art 4 is a Chinese utility model patent applied for by Hebei Rongkun Railway Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd. on September 24, 2019, and published on June 26, 2020, with publication number CN210856812U. This utility model discloses a ballast leveling device for track laying, including a car body and four wheels mounted on the car body. A ballast hopper is provided on the top of the car body, and a ballast leveling conveyor is provided at the bottom of the car body. The discharge port of the ballast hopper is located above the ballast leveling conveyor. The ballast in the hopper can be automatically unloaded under the conveying of a belt conveyor. Simultaneously, the belt conveyor can move laterally along the hopper, enabling the ballast to be laid at any position near the track. This utility model is simple to operate; the ballast in the hopper can be automatically unloaded under the action of the belt conveyor. At the same time, the belt conveyor can move laterally along the guide rail, enabling the ballast to be laid at any position near the track, greatly improving the efficiency of ballast laying and reducing the labor intensity of workers. However, the ballast leveling device of this utility model is used to lay ballast at any location near the track, and it does not achieve quantitative ballast distribution control. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic ballast replenishment operation method for railway lines, so as to solve the technical problems of existing ballast replenishment methods being prone to failure, having poor reliability, weak practicality, and being unable to achieve quantitative ballast distribution control.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention specifically provides a technical implementation scheme for an automatic ballast filling operation method for railway lines, which includes the following steps:

[0010] The integrated ballast repair vehicle travels continuously. When the ballast bucket approaches directly above the pick pit, the control device outputs a trigger signal to start the power mechanism, causing the screw drive mechanism to rotate a certain number of times. This quantitatively removes ballast from the ballast bucket and places it into the pick pit, completing one work cycle for the automatic ballast repair device. Simultaneously, the control device, based on the spacing of the next set of sleepers measured by the forward detection device, infers the distance to the next set of four pick pits. Combining this with the vehicle speed, it calculates the time required to pass the next set of four pick pits and performs the next ballast repair operation. This process repeats, enabling the integrated ballast repair vehicle to automatically and accurately repair ballast during continuous travel.

[0011] This invention also provides a technical implementation scheme for another automatic ballast filling operation method for railway lines, which includes the following steps:

[0012] The integrated ballast maintenance vehicle moves on foot. When the detection device at the front detects the position of a sleeper, the vehicle stops. The control device calculates the time required for the tamping device to reach the working position based on the sleeper's location. Upon reaching the tamping position, the tamping device begins tamping. Simultaneously, the control device outputs a trigger signal to start the power mechanism, causing the screw drive mechanism to rotate a certain number of times, quantitatively removing ballast from the ballast bucket and placing it into the pick pit. The automatic ballast replenishment device completes one work cycle. This process repeats, enabling automatic and precise ballast replenishment by the integrated ballast maintenance vehicle while it is moving on foot.

[0013] Furthermore, a tamping device, a detection device, and an automatic ballast filling device are installed on the frame of the integrated work vehicle. These devices are arranged sequentially from front to back along the work direction. The installation spacing between the tamping device and the automatic ballast filling device ensures that tamping and ballast filling operations can be performed simultaneously.

[0014] Furthermore, a ballast bucket for holding ballast is installed on the frame of the integrated work vehicle. A screw conveyor mechanism is installed below the ballast bucket, and the number of rotations of the screw conveyor mechanism is controlled to quantitatively scoop out the ballast falling from the ballast bucket. A ballast dropping bucket is installed below the screw conveyor mechanism, and the ballast is controlled to fall and backfill into the pick pit, thereby achieving single-quantity backfilling of ballast.

[0015] Furthermore, the screw conveying mechanism includes an outer casing, a power mechanism, a reduction mechanism, and two sets of screw drive mechanisms disposed inside the outer casing. The two sets of screw drive mechanisms are arranged symmetrically back-to-back with opposite rotation directions. The power mechanism drives the screw drive mechanisms to rotate via the reduction mechanism. The ballast falling from the ballast hopper is divided into two parts and conveyed to the left and right ends respectively via the screw drive mechanisms.

[0016] Furthermore, the ballast hopper includes a ballast hopper and a swing funnel located below the ballast hopper. A valve is installed inside the ballast hopper, the valve comprising a valve plate, a torsion spring, a lug, and a pin. During operation, the power mechanism rotates to drive the screw transmission mechanism to excavate the ballast and transport it to the left and right ends before it falls into the ballast hopper. The impact force of the falling ballast overcomes the torque of the torsion spring, opening the valve, and the ballast falls through the swing funnel into the pick pit. The torsion spring, under the action of torque, closes the valve, completing one cycle of ballast backfilling.

[0017] Furthermore, a swaying funnel is installed at the lower part of the ballast drop cylinder via a rotating shaft, and the two swaying funnels corresponding to a screw conveyor mechanism are connected to each other via a bidirectional lateral drive mechanism.

[0018] Furthermore, when the track is straight, the guide nozzle direction of the swing funnel is locked by the lateral drive mechanism, so that the ballast falls into the pick hole from the guide nozzle of the swing funnel.

[0019] Furthermore, when the track is curved, based on the offset distance measured by the forward detection device, the lateral drive mechanism is controlled by the pick hole deviation signal output by the control device to rotate the swing funnel to adjust the direction of the guide nozzle, so that the ballast falls into the pick hole through the guide nozzle of the swing funnel.

[0020] Furthermore, two identical inverted conical openings are symmetrically formed laterally at the lower part of the ballast bucket. These openings connect to the ballast outlets and are used for filling the ballast in the pick holes on both sides of the two rails. A screw conveyor mechanism is installed below each ballast outlet, and ballast drop buckets are installed below both ends of the screw conveyor mechanism laterally. The ballast drop buckets are arranged laterally to correspond to the four pick holes between every two sleepers. The ballast conveyed by the screw conveyor mechanism is divided into two parts, which fall through the ballast drop buckets and backfill into the pick holes.

[0021] Furthermore, two or three sets of ballast buckets are arranged longitudinally on the vehicle frame to simultaneously achieve automatic ballast backfilling operations for two or three sets of shovel pits.

[0022] Furthermore, when the integrated operation vehicle moves towards During the end-of-line operation, the road spikes are detected first, followed by the ballast filling action. The time it takes for the detection device to detect the road spikes each time is recorded. , Assume the combined structural response delay time of the control device and the automatic ballast replenishment device is... The time for each ballast discharge cylinder to open is recorded as follows: , The speed of the vehicle when the ballast chute is opened is Then the ballast bucket reaches the first When the sleeper is in the middle position in front of the track spike, the following formula is satisfied:

[0023]

[0024] in, The distance from the detection device to the ballast hopper. To The speed of the vehicle at the end of the journey, The height from which the ballast falls from the ballast chute to the pick pit. This is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0025] By implementing the technical solution of the automatic ballast replenishment operation method for railway lines provided by the present invention, the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0026] (1) The automatic ballast replenishment method for railway lines of the present invention is safe, reliable and practical in the ballast replenishment process, and can realize quantitative ballast distribution control.

[0027] (2) The automatic ballast replenishment method for railway lines of the present invention uses a screw conveyor mechanism to transport ballast of different sizes. The screw conveyor mechanism transports the ballast out of the ballast bucket, thus avoiding ballast jamming.

[0028] (3) The automatic ballast replenishment method for railway lines of the present invention achieves quantitative and precise backfilling through precise motor control. By setting an automatic door with torsion spring inside the ballast drop cylinder, it prevents a small amount of ballast from falling off during vehicle travel due to vibration when the screw conveyor mechanism is not working.

[0029] (4) The automatic ballast filling operation method for railway lines of the present invention, by setting a lateral drive mechanism and a swing funnel to compensate for the offset of the pick hole, can achieve precise positioning of the ballast falling during ballast filling and meet the requirements of ballast filling operation on curves. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse arrangement structure of a specific embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishment device for railway lines on which the method of the present invention is based;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal arrangement structure of a specific embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishment device for railway lines on which the method of the present invention is based;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the valve structure in a specific embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishment device for railway lines on which the method of the present invention is based;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a structural principle block diagram of a specific embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishment system for railway lines on which the method of the present invention is based;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a structural principle block diagram of another specific embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishment system for railway lines of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the differential speed compensation principle of a specific embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishment operation method for railway lines of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the integrated work vehicle on which the method of the present invention is based;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of another specific embodiment of the integrated operation vehicle on which the method of the present invention is based;

[0039] In the diagram: 1-ballast bucket, 2-ballast outlet, 3-screw conveyor mechanism, 4-outer cover, 5-power mechanism, 6-reduction mechanism, 7-screw drive mechanism, 8-ballast drop bucket, 9-ballast drop cylinder, 10-swinging funnel, 11-lateral drive mechanism, 12-valve, 13-valve plate, 14-torsion spring, 15-pin lug, 16-pin shaft, 17-mounting plate, 18-rotating shaft, 19-mounting bracket, 20-rail, 30-ballast bed, 40-pick hole, 50-sleeper, 60-ballast, 70-rail spike, 100-automatic ballast replenishment device, 200-tamping device, 300-control device, 400-detection device, 500-integrated operation vehicle, 501-frame, 502-driver's cab. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] As attached Figure 1 To the attached Figure 8 As shown, a specific embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishment method for railway lines of the present invention is given. The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] Generally, after ballast tamping, two ballast pits 40 are formed in the ballast bed 30 area between the two sleepers 50 on either side of each rail 20, resulting in four ballast pits 40 between the two sleepers 50 of two rails 20. To address this technical problem, this invention proposes a new automatic ballast tamping and backfilling device, system, and integrated operation vehicle to address the issue of manual ballast backfilling after the formation of ballast pits 40 following railway tamping, which involves high labor intensity and manpower. This invention utilizes a screw conveyor mechanism to quantitatively transport ballast 60 pre-loaded in the ballast bucket 1 and place it into the ballast pits 40, completing the automatic ballast tamping and precise backfilling operation. The operation method described in this invention can be applied to continuously operating or step-by-step construction vehicles.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishment device 100 for railway lines, upon which this invention is based, specifically includes:

[0045] The ballast bucket 1 is mounted on the frame 501 via mounting plate 17 and is used to accommodate the ballast 60.

[0046] The screw conveyor 3, located below the ballast bucket 1, controls the number of rotations of the screw conveyor 3 to quantitatively remove the ballast 60 falling from the ballast bucket 1.

[0047] And the ballast hopper 8 located below the screw conveyor mechanism 3 controls the ballast 60 to fall and backfill into the pick pit 40, so as to achieve single quantitative backfilling of the ballast 60.

[0048] The automatic ballast replenishment device 100 described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention uses a screw conveyor mechanism 3 to quantitatively remove and transport the ballast 60 from the ballast bucket 1 installed on the frame 501 of the integrated operation vehicle 500. The ballast 60 is then removed from the ballast bucket 1 by the screw conveyor mechanism 3 driven by a servo motor, falls from the ballast outlet 2, and is backfilled into the pick pit 40. One start-stop working cycle of the servo motor completes the backfilling of a set of pick pits 40.

[0049] The screw conveyor mechanism 3 further includes an outer cover 4, a power mechanism 5, a reduction mechanism 6, and two sets of screw drive mechanisms 7 disposed inside the outer cover 4. The screw drive mechanisms 7 are installed in the outer cover 4, which has a square opening at its top that communicates with the ballast outlet 2. The outer cover 4 is welded and fixed to the ballast outlet 2, allowing the ballast 60 to fall directly from the ballast hopper 1 into the screw conveyor mechanism 3. Circular holes are provided at both ends of the outer cover 4, and two ballast drop cylinders 9 are symmetrically welded thereon. The two sets of screw drive mechanisms 7 are arranged symmetrically back-to-back with opposite rotation directions. The power mechanism 5 (which can specifically be a speed-regulating motor) drives the screw drive mechanisms 7 to rotate via the reduction mechanism 6. The two sets of screw conveyor mechanisms are arranged symmetrically in forward and reverse directions, ensuring that the ballast 60 is evenly conveyed to both ends. The ballast 60 falling from the ballast hopper 1 is divided into two parts and conveyed to the left and right ends respectively via the screw drive mechanisms 7. According to the railway ballast standard, the size of ballast 60 ranges from 16mm to 63mm, which is a large range. Therefore, the screw drive mechanism not only needs to transport the ballast 60, but also needs to prevent it from jamming.

[0050] As a typical specific embodiment of the present invention, the ballast bucket 1 is welded from steel plates and fixed to the crossbeam of the frame 10 by bolts. The lower part of the ballast bucket 1 is located transversely (as shown in the attached figure). Figure 1Two identical inverted conical openings (in the direction shown by W) are symmetrically formed to facilitate ballast dropping. These openings connect to ballast outlets 2 and are used to replenish ballast in the pick holes 40 on both sides of the two rails 20. A screw conveyor mechanism 3 is installed below each ballast outlet 2, and ballast dropping buckets 8 are installed below both ends of the screw conveyor mechanism 3 along the transverse direction. The transverse arrangement of the ballast dropping buckets 8 corresponds to the four pick holes 40 between every two sleepers 50. The ballast 60 quantitatively transported by the screw conveyor mechanism 3 is divided into two parts, falling through the ballast dropping buckets 8 and backfilling into the pick holes 40. In the transverse direction, four pick holes are formed between every two sleepers 50. The ballast bucket 1 has two ballast outlets 2 arranged in the transverse direction. Each ballast outlet 2 is equipped with two sets of screw conveyor mechanisms 3 with forward and reverse transmission at the bottom, with a total of four material drop nozzles (i.e., ballast drop buckets 8) to ensure the backfilling of the four pick holes 40.

[0051] The ballast hopper 8 further includes a ballast hopper 9 and a swing funnel 10 disposed below the ballast hopper 9. A valve 12 is disposed inside the ballast hopper 9, and the valve 12 further includes a valve plate 13, a torsion spring 14, a lug 15, and a pin 16, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 3 As shown. A lug 15 is mounted on the valve plate 13, a pin 16 passes through the lug 15, and a torsion spring 14 is sleeved on the pin 16. The valve plate 13 is installed inside the ballast chute 9 via the pin 16. During operation, the power mechanism 5 rotates to drive the screw transmission mechanism 7 to remove the ballast 60 and transport it to the left and right ends before it falls into the ballast chute 9. The impact force of the falling ballast 60 overcomes the torque of the torsion spring 14, opening the valve 12. The ballast 60 then falls through the swing funnel 10 into the pick hopper 40. Under the action of torque, the torsion spring 14 closes the valve 12, completing one round of ballast 60 backfilling. The frequent start-stop of the drive motor (i.e., power mechanism 5) of the screw conveyor mechanism 3 results in excessive starting torque. To ensure sufficient motor lifespan, valve 12 is installed to enable continuous motor operation during intermittent ballast replenishment, avoiding frequent start-stop cycles and ensuring precise positioning of the ballast 60 during backfilling. A conical swing funnel 10 is mounted on the lower part of the ballast drop cylinder 9 via a rotating shaft 18. The two swing funnels 10 corresponding to one screw conveyor mechanism 3 are connected to the sides of a bidirectional drive mechanism 11 (which can be a motor, cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, or electric cylinder) via pins. The mounting base of the transverse drive mechanism 11 is welded to the screw conveyor mechanism 3 and secured with bolts. During operation, the motor (i.e., the power mechanism 5) rotates to drive the screw conveyor mechanism 3 to remove the ballast 60 and transport it to the round holes at both ends, where it falls into the ballast drop cylinder 9. The weight of the ballast 60 overcomes the torque of the torsion spring 14, thereby opening the valve plate 13 of the valve 12, and the ballast 60 falls into the pick hole 40.

[0052] When the track is straight, the guide nozzle of the swaying funnel 10 is locked in direction by the lateral drive mechanism 11, and the ballast 60 falls into the pick hole 40 through the guide nozzle of the swaying funnel 10. When the track is curved, the lateral drive mechanism 11 is controlled by a given pick hole deviation signal to push (or pull) the swaying funnel 10 to rotate, adjust the direction of the guide nozzle, and make the ballast 60 fall accurately into the pick hole 40.

[0053] The longitudinal arrangement of the automatic ballast filling device 100 can be determined according to the installation space of the actual construction vehicle (i.e., the integrated operation vehicle 500). Depending on the installation space, the automatic ballast filling device 100 may include components along the longitudinal direction (as shown in the attached diagram). Figure 2 Two or three sets of ballast buckets 1 are arranged in the direction shown in L (in the middle) to simultaneously achieve automatic ballast backfilling operations for two or three sets of pick pits 40. (See attached...) Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the automatic ballast filling device 100 includes two sets of ballast buckets 1 arranged longitudinally to simultaneously realize the automatic ballast filling and backfilling operation of the two sets of pick pits 40.

[0054] The automatic ballast replenishment device 100 described in Embodiment 1 of this invention addresses the technical problem of high labor intensity and large workforce required for manual ballast transportation and backfilling after railway track tamping, resulting in ballast pockets 40. The automatic ballast replenishment device 100 uses a screw drive mechanism to transport ballast 60 from the ballast bucket 1, completing quantitative and precise ballast replenishment and backfilling functions. The automatic ballast replenishment device 100 uses a railway flatcar as a carrier, employing a screw drive mechanism to quantitatively transport the ballast 60 pre-loaded in the ballast bucket 1 and place it into the pockets 40, thus completing the automatic ballast replenishment and precise backfilling operation.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] As attached Figure 7 As shown, an embodiment of the integrated work vehicle 500 upon which this invention is based specifically includes: a frame 501, a detection device 400 mounted on the frame 501, and an automatic ballast replenishment device 100 as described in Embodiment 1. The detection device 400 is located along the working direction (as shown in the attached diagram). Figure 7 The automatic ballast filling device 100 is positioned in front of the vehicle frame 501 (in the direction shown by L). The driver's cab 502 is also provided on the vehicle frame 501.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] As attached Figure 8 As shown, another embodiment of the integrated work vehicle 500 upon which this invention is based specifically includes: a frame 501, a tamping device 200 and a detection device 400 mounted on the frame 501, and an automatic ballast filling device 100 as described in Embodiment 1. The detection device 400, the tamping device 200, and the automatic ballast filling device 100 are aligned along the working direction (as shown in the attached diagram). Figure 8The tamping device 200 and the automatic ballast replenishment device 100 are arranged sequentially from front to back (as shown in the direction of L in the middle), and the driver's cab 502 is also provided on the frame 501. The installation distance between the tamping device 200 and the automatic ballast replenishment device 100 ensures that tamping and ballast replenishment operations can be carried out simultaneously. For example, when the tamping device 200 uses single-sleeper tamping, the installation distance between the tamping device 200 and the automatic ballast replenishment device 100 corresponds to an integer multiple of the spacing between the sleepers 50, so as to ensure that when the tamping device 200 is performing tamping operations, the swing funnel 10 of the automatic ballast replenishment device 100 is aligned with the pick hole 40.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] As attached Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishment system for railway lines based on the integrated work vehicle 500 described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention specifically includes a control device 300. The integrated work vehicle 500 travels continuously. When the ballast dropping cylinder 9 approaches directly above the pick socket 40, the control device 300 outputs a trigger signal to start the power mechanism 5, driving the screw transmission mechanism 7 to rotate a certain number of times, quantitatively removing the ballast 60 and dropping it into the pick socket 40, thus completing one work cycle for the automatic ballast replenishment device 100. Simultaneously, the control device 300 infers the distance of the next set of four pick sockets 40 based on the spacing of the next set of sleepers 50 measured by the detection device 400 located ahead, and then calculates the time required to pass through the next set of four pick sockets 40 based on the speed of the work vehicle, and performs the next ballast replenishment operation. This process is repeated to achieve automatic and precise ballast replenishment by the integrated work vehicle 500 during continuous travel.

[0061] Example 5

[0062] As attached Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishment system for railway lines based on the integrated work vehicle 500 described in Embodiment 3 of the present invention specifically includes a control device 300. The integrated work vehicle 500 moves step by step. When the detection device 400 located at the front detects the position of the sleeper, the control device 300 infers the time required for the tamping device 200 to reach the working position based on the sleeper position. When the tamping working position is reached, the integrated work vehicle 500 stops moving, and the tamping device 200 performs the tamping operation. At the same time, the control device 300 outputs a trigger signal to control the power mechanism 5 to start, driving the screw transmission mechanism 7 to rotate a certain number of times, quantitatively removing the ballast 60 and placing it into the pick hole 40, thus completing one working cycle for the automatic ballast replenishment device 100. This process is repeated to achieve automatic and precise ballast replenishment during the step-by-step movement of the integrated work vehicle 500. For systems with multiple sets of automatic ballast replenishment devices 100 installed longitudinally, when the integrated operation vehicle 500 performs multiple sets of sleeper tamping operations, the automatic ballast replenishment device 100 completes one operation cycle, thereby achieving the target of quantitative ballast backfilling.

[0063] A tamping device 200, a detection device 400, and an automatic ballast filling device 100 are installed on the frame 501 of the integrated work vehicle 500. The detection device 400, tamping device 200, and automatic ballast filling device 100 are arranged sequentially from front to back along the working direction. The installation spacing between the tamping device 200 and the automatic ballast filling device 100 corresponds to an integer multiple of the spacing between the sleepers 50.

[0064] When the automatic ballast filling device 100 passes through a curve, the lateral drive mechanism 11 controls the guide nozzle of the swing funnel 10 to shift outward based on the offset distance measured in front of the integrated operation vehicle 500, thereby completing the goal of precise ballast backfilling.

[0065] Example 6

[0066] An embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishment operation method for railway lines according to the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0067] The integrated ballast repair vehicle 500 travels continuously. When the ballast discharge cylinder 9 approaches directly above the pick pit 40, the control device 300 outputs a trigger signal to start the power mechanism 5, which drives the screw transmission mechanism 7 to rotate a certain number of times, quantitatively removing ballast 60 from the ballast bucket 1 and dropping it into the pick pit 40. The automatic ballast replenishment device 100 completes one work cycle. Simultaneously, the control device 300, based on the spacing of the next set of sleepers 50 measured by the detection device 400 located ahead, infers the distance of the next set of four pick pits 40, and then calculates the time required to pass through the next set of four pick pits 40 based on the vehicle speed, and performs the next ballast replenishment operation. This process is repeated to achieve automatic and precise ballast replenishment by the integrated ballast repair vehicle 500 during continuous travel.

[0068] A ballast bucket 1 for holding ballast 60 is installed on the frame 501 of the integrated work vehicle 500. A screw conveyor mechanism 3 is set below the ballast bucket 1, and the ballast 60 falling from the ballast bucket 1 is quantitatively removed by controlling the number of rotations of the screw conveyor mechanism 3. A ballast drop bucket 8 is set below the screw conveyor mechanism 3, and the ballast 60 is controlled to fall and backfill into the pick pit 40, so as to achieve single quantitative backfilling of ballast 60.

[0069] Two identical inverted conical openings are symmetrically formed laterally at the lower part of the ballast bucket 1. These openings connect to the ballast outlet 2 and are used to replenish the ballast in the pick holes 40 on both sides of the two rails 20. A screw conveyor mechanism 3 is installed below each ballast outlet 2, and ballast drop buckets 8 are installed below both ends of the screw conveyor mechanism 3 laterally. The ballast drop buckets 8 are arranged laterally to correspond to the four pick holes 40 between every two sleepers 50. The ballast 60 conveyed quantitatively by the screw conveyor mechanism 3 is divided into two parts, falls through the ballast drop buckets 8, and is backfilled into the pick holes 40.

[0070] The screw conveyor mechanism 3 further includes an outer casing 4, a power mechanism 5, a reduction mechanism 6, and two sets of screw drive mechanisms 7 disposed inside the outer casing 4. The two sets of screw drive mechanisms 7 are arranged symmetrically back-to-back with opposite rotation directions. The power mechanism 5 drives the screw drive mechanisms 7 to rotate through the reduction mechanism 6. The ballast 60 falling from the ballast bucket 1 is divided into two parts and conveyed to the left and right ends respectively through the screw drive mechanisms 7.

[0071] The ballast hopper 8 further includes a ballast hopper 9 and a swing funnel 10 disposed below the ballast hopper 9. A valve 12 is installed inside the ballast hopper 9. The valve 12 further includes a valve plate 13, a torsion spring 14, a lug 15, and a pin 16. During operation, the power mechanism 5 rotates to drive the screw transmission mechanism 7 to remove the ballast 60 and transport it to the left and right ends before it falls into the ballast hopper 9. The downward pressure of the ballast 60 overcomes the torque of the torsion spring 14, opening the valve 12. The ballast 60 then falls into the pick hopper 40 through the swing funnel 10. The swing funnel 10 is installed at the lower part of the ballast hopper 9 via a rotating shaft 18. The two swing funnels 10 corresponding to one screw conveyor mechanism 3 are connected on the sides by a bidirectional drive mechanism 11.

[0072] For the continuously traveling integrated work vehicle 500, during the automatic ballast replenishment operation, when only one set of automatic ballast replenishment devices 100 is set in the longitudinal direction, the screw conveyor 3 only needs to work once and the motor (i.e., the power mechanism 5) needs to start and stop once within the time it takes to pass through one set (4 jacks 40) in the forward direction, according to the working speed of the vehicle, thus achieving automatic and precise ballast replenishment during continuous travel. If the installation space allows, multiple sets of automatic ballast replenishment devices 100 can be further set in the longitudinal direction. Every time the integrated work vehicle 500 passes through the corresponding multiple sleepers 50, the automatic ballast replenishment device 100 completes one ballast replenishment work cycle. As a typical specific embodiment of the present invention, two or three sets of ballast buckets 1 are arranged in the longitudinal direction on the frame 501 to simultaneously realize the automatic ballast replenishment and backfilling operation of two or three sets of jacks 40. Of course, only one set of ballast buckets 1 can also be arranged.

[0073] When the track is straight, the lateral drive mechanism 11 locks the direction of the guide nozzle of the swing funnel 10, allowing the ballast 60 to fall from the guide nozzle of the swing funnel 10 into the pick hole 40. When the track is curved, the pick hole 40 will have a certain external offset when the integrated operation vehicle 500 passes through the curve, requiring lateral compensation for this offset. Based on the offset distance measured by the forward detection device 400, the pick hole offset signal output by the control device 300 controls the lateral drive mechanism 11 to rotate the swing funnel 10 to adjust the direction of the guide nozzle, allowing the ballast 60 to fall from the guide nozzle of the swing funnel 10 into the pick hole 40, thus achieving offset ballast compensation when operating through curves.

[0074] As attached Figure 6 As shown, when the integrated operation vehicle 500 moves towards During the initial operation, the track spike 70 is detected first, followed by the ballast filling action. The time it takes for the detection device 400 to detect the track spike 70 each time is recorded as follows: , Assume the combined structural response delay time of the control device 300 and the automatic ballast replenishment device 100 is... The time it takes for the ballast discharge cylinder 9 to open each time is recorded as follows: , The speed of the vehicle when the ballast chute 9 is opened is Then the ballast cylinder 9 reaches the first... When the sleeper 50 is in the middle position in front of the track spike 70, the following formula is satisfied:

[0075]

[0076] in, To measure the distance between the detection device 400 and the ballast drop cylinder 9, To The speed of the vehicle at the end of the journey, The height from which ballast 60 falls from ballast chute 9 to picket pit 40. This is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0077] Obviously, It is a constant. It is also a constant, denoted as ,therefore:

[0078]

[0079] Since the volume of each ballast pit 40 is essentially constant, Example 6 can employ quantitative ballast backfilling technology during ballast replenishment. The automatic ballast replenishment method described in Example 6 uses a screw conveyor mechanism to transport ballast 60. Quantitative ballast replenishment is achieved through the correlation control of the operating speed of the power mechanism 5 with the operating vehicle speed and the cross-sectional area of ​​the ballast bucket outlet. As calculated above, the start-up time of the power mechanism 5 only needs to be adjusted by adding a delay correction value to the detection time of the first spike 70.

[0080] Example 7

[0081] Another embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishment operation method for railway lines of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0082] The integrated work vehicle 500 moves in steps. When the detection device 400 at the front detects the position of the sleeper, the control device 300 calculates the time required for the tamping device 200 to reach the working position based on the sleeper's position. Upon reaching the tamping position, the integrated work vehicle 500 stops, and the tamping device 200 begins tamping. Simultaneously, the control device 300 outputs a trigger signal to start the power mechanism 5, causing the screw drive mechanism 7 to rotate a certain number of times, quantitatively removing ballast 60 from the ballast bucket 1 and placing it into the pick hopper 40. The automatic ballast replenishment device 100 completes one work cycle. This process repeats, enabling the integrated work vehicle 500 to automatically and accurately replenish ballast during its movement.

[0083] Similarly, for the walking-type integrated operation vehicle 500, multiple sets of automatic ballast replenishment devices 100 can be further set in the longitudinal direction. When the integrated operation vehicle 500 passes through the corresponding multiple sleepers 50, the automatic ballast replenishment device 100 completes one cycle of ballast replenishment and tamping.

[0084] In the description of this application, it should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it may be directly or indirectly set on another element; when an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly or indirectly connected to another element.

[0085] It should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0086] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" or "several" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0087] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only used to complement the content disclosed in the specification for those skilled in the art to understand and read, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that this application can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application.

[0088] By implementing the technical solution of the automatic ballast replenishment operation method for railway lines described in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the following technical effects can be achieved:

[0089] (1) The automatic ballast replenishment method for railway lines described in the specific embodiments of the present invention is safe, reliable and practical in the ballast replenishment process, and can realize quantitative ballast distribution control;

[0090] (2) The automatic ballast replenishment method for railway lines described in the specific embodiments of the present invention uses a screw conveyor mechanism to transport ballast of different sizes. The screw conveyor mechanism transports the ballast out of the ballast bucket, thus avoiding ballast jamming.

[0091] (3) The automatic ballast replenishment method for railway lines described in the specific embodiments of the present invention achieves quantitative and precise backfilling through precise motor control. By setting an automatic door with torsion spring inside the ballast drop cylinder, it prevents a small amount of ballast from falling off due to vibration during vehicle travel when the screw conveyor mechanism is not working.

[0092] (4) The automatic ballast filling operation method for railway lines described in the specific embodiments of the present invention can achieve precise positioning of ballast falling during ballast filling by setting a lateral drive mechanism and a swing funnel to compensate for the offset of the pick hole, thus meeting the requirements of ballast filling operation on curves.

[0093] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0094] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention using the methods and techniques disclosed above, or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the spirit and technical essence of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent substitutions, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for automatic ballast filling operations on railway lines, characterized in that, The following steps are involved: The integrated work vehicle (500) travels continuously. When the ballast bucket (8) approaches directly above the pick hole (40), the control device (300) outputs a trigger signal to control the power mechanism (5) to start, driving the screw transmission mechanism (7) to rotate a certain number of times, quantitatively removing ballast (60) from the ballast bucket (1) and dropping it into the pick hole (40). The automatic ballast replenishment device (100) completes one work cycle. At the same time, the control device (300) infers the distance of the next set of four pick holes (40) based on the spacing of the next set of sleepers (50) measured by the detection device (400) located in front, and then calculates the distance after passing the next set of four pick holes (40) based on the speed of the work vehicle. It takes time to carry out the next ballast replenishment operation; this process is repeated to achieve automatic and precise ballast replenishment of the integrated operation vehicle (500) during continuous driving; a ballast bucket (1) for accommodating ballast (60) is installed on the frame (501) of the integrated operation vehicle (500); a screw conveyor mechanism (3) is set below the ballast bucket (1), and the ballast (60) falling from the ballast bucket (1) is quantitatively removed by controlling the number of rotations of the screw conveyor mechanism (3); a ballast dropping bucket (8) is set below the screw conveyor mechanism (3), and the ballast (60) is controlled to fall and backfill into the pick pit (40) to achieve ballast (60) replenishment. The single quantitative backfilling; the screw conveying mechanism (3) includes an outer cover (4), a power mechanism (5), a deceleration mechanism (6), and two sets of screw transmission mechanisms (7) set inside the outer cover (4); the two sets of screw transmission mechanisms (7) are arranged symmetrically back to back and in opposite directions of rotation, and the power mechanism (5) drives the screw transmission mechanism (7) to rotate through the deceleration mechanism (6); the ballast (60) falling from the ballast bucket (1) is divided into two parts and conveyed to the left and right ends respectively through the screw transmission mechanism (7); the ballast bucket (8) includes a ballast drop cylinder (9), and a swing funnel set below the ballast drop cylinder (9). 10); A valve (12) is installed inside the ballast drop cylinder (9). The valve (12) includes a valve plate (13), a torsion spring (14), a pin lug (15), and a pin shaft (16). During operation, the power mechanism (5) rotates and drives the screw transmission mechanism (7) to remove the ballast (60) and transport it to the left and right ends before it falls into the ballast drop cylinder (9). The falling impact force of the ballast (60) overcomes the torque of the torsion spring (14) and opens the valve (12). The ballast (60) falls into the pick hole (40) through the swing funnel (10). The torsion spring (14) closes the valve (12) under the action of torque, completing one ballast (60) drop and backfilling.

2. A method for automatic ballast filling operations on railway lines, characterized in that, The following steps are involved: The integrated work vehicle (500) moves forward step by step. When the detection device (400) at the front detects the position of the sleeper, the control device (300) infers the time required for the tamping device (200) to reach the working position based on the position of the sleeper. When the tamping working position is reached, the integrated work vehicle (500) stops moving, and the tamping device (200) performs tamping operations. At the same time, the control device (300) outputs a trigger signal to control the power mechanism (5) to start, driving the screw transmission mechanism (7) to rotate a certain number of times, quantitatively removing ballast (60) from the ballast bucket (1) and dropping it into the pick hole (40). The automatic ballast replenishment device (100) completes the process. One work cycle; this is repeated to achieve automatic and precise ballast replenishment by the integrated work vehicle (500) during its walking operation; a ballast bucket (1) for holding ballast (60) is installed on the frame (501) of the integrated work vehicle (500); a screw conveyor mechanism (3) is set below the ballast bucket (1), and the ballast (60) falling from the ballast bucket (1) is quantitatively removed by controlling the number of rotations of the screw conveyor mechanism (3); a ballast drop bucket (8) is set below the screw conveyor mechanism (3), and the ballast (60) is controlled to fall and backfill into the pick pit (40) to achieve a single quantitative ballast (60) removal. Backfilling; the spiral conveying mechanism (3) includes an outer cover (4), a power mechanism (5), a reduction mechanism (6), and two sets of spiral transmission mechanisms (7) disposed inside the outer cover (4); the two sets of spiral transmission mechanisms (7) are arranged symmetrically back to back and in opposite directions of rotation, and the power mechanism (5) drives the spiral transmission mechanism (7) to rotate through the reduction mechanism (6); the ballast (60) falling from the ballast bucket (1) is divided into two parts and conveyed to the left and right ends respectively through the spiral transmission mechanism (7); the ballast dropping bucket (8) includes a ballast dropping cylinder (9) and a swing funnel (10) disposed below the ballast dropping cylinder (9). A valve (12) is installed inside the ballast drop cylinder (9). The valve (12) includes a valve plate (13), a torsion spring (14), a pin lug (15), and a pin shaft (16). During operation, the power mechanism (5) rotates and drives the screw transmission mechanism (7) to remove the ballast (60) and transport it to the left and right ends before it falls into the ballast drop cylinder (9). The falling impact force of the ballast (60) overcomes the torque of the torsion spring (14) and opens the valve (12). The ballast (60) falls into the pick hole (40) through the swing funnel (10). The torsion spring (14) closes the valve (12) under the action of torque, completing one ballast (60) drop and backfilling.

3. The automatic ballast replenishment method for railway lines according to claim 2, characterized in that: A tamping device (200), a detection device (400), and an automatic ballast filling device (100) are installed on the frame (501) of the integrated work vehicle (500); the detection device (400), the tamping device (200), and the automatic ballast filling device (100) are arranged sequentially from front to back along the working direction; the installation distance between the tamping device (200) and the automatic ballast filling device (100) ensures that tamping and ballast filling operations can be carried out simultaneously.

4. The automatic ballast replenishment method for railway lines according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A swing funnel (10) is installed at the lower part of the ballast drop cylinder (9) via a rotating shaft (18), and the two swing funnels (10) corresponding to a screw conveyor mechanism (3) are connected to each other via a bidirectional drive mechanism (11).

5. The automatic ballast replenishment method for railway lines according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the track is straight, the guide nozzle direction of the swing funnel (10) is locked by the lateral drive mechanism (11), so that the ballast (60) falls into the pick hole (40) from the guide nozzle of the swing funnel (10).

6. The automatic ballast replenishment method for railway lines according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the track is curved, based on the offset distance measured by the front detection device (400), the lateral drive mechanism (11) is controlled by the pick hole deviation signal output by the control device (300) to drive the swing funnel (10) to rotate to adjust the direction of the guide nozzle, so that the ballast (60) falls into the pick hole (40) from the guide nozzle of the swing funnel (10).

7. The automatic ballast replenishment method for railway lines according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: Two identical inverted conical openings are symmetrically formed in the lower part of the ballast bucket (1) along the transverse direction. The inverted conical openings are connected to the ballast outlet (2) and are used to fill the ballast in the pick holes (40) on both sides of the two rails (20). A screw conveyor mechanism (3) is set below each ballast outlet (2), and ballast drop buckets (8) are set below the two ends of the screw conveyor mechanism (3) along the transverse direction. The ballast drop buckets (8) are arranged in the transverse direction to correspond to the four pick holes (40) between every two sleepers (50). The ballast (60) conveyed by the screw conveyor mechanism (3) is divided into two parts, which fall through the ballast drop buckets (8) and are backfilled into the pick holes (40).

8. The automatic ballast replenishment method for railway lines according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two or three sets of ballast buckets (1) are arranged longitudinally on the frame (501) to simultaneously realize the automatic ballast backfilling operation of two or three sets of pick pits (40).

9. The automatic ballast replenishment method for railway lines according to claim 5, 6, or 8, characterized in that: When the integrated work vehicle (500) moves towards During the end-of-line operation, the road studs (70) are detected first, followed by the ballast filling operation. The time it takes for the detection device (400) to detect the road studs (70) each time is recorded as follows: , Assume the combined structural response delay time of the control device (300) and the automatic ballast replenishment device (100) is... The time it takes for the ballast discharge cylinder (9) to open each time is recorded as follows: , The speed of the vehicle when the ballast chute (9) is opened is Then the ballast bucket (8) reaches the first When the track spike (70) is in the middle position in front of the sleeper (50), the following formula is satisfied: in, The distance from the detection device (400) to the ballast hopper (8) is the distance between the detection device (400) and the ballast hopper (8). To The speed of the vehicle at the end of the journey, The height from which the ballast (60) falls from the ballast drop pipe (9) to the pick pit (40), This is the acceleration due to gravity.

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