A hydraulic support with rapid response function for coal wall spalling

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of coal mining machinery and equipment, and in particular to a hydraulic support with a coal wall spalling rapid response function, which includes a base, a column, a top beam, a telescopic beam, a side guard plate and a vibration meter, the vibration meter is installed on the hydraulic support, and adopts a non-contact method to measure the vibration signal of the coal wall; the side guard plate includes a first-level side guard plate, a second-level side guard plate and a third-level side guard plate connected in sequence, the first-level side guard plate is connected to a rapid response device close to the coal wall, the rapid response device is connected to the vibration meter signal, and after the rapid response device receives the coal wall vibration signal, it abuts against the coal wall before the second-level side guard plate and the third-level side guard plate are attached to the coal wall. The present invention adopts laser vibration measurement technology to monitor the coal wall state in real time and over a large area, and transmits and processes the measurement data information in real time and accurately, so as to realize the coal wall spalling early warning; the rapid response device adopts an electric control and mechanical transmission mechanism, and quickly responds after receiving the coal wall vibration signal, so as to be able to support the coal wall in a timely and rapid manner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of coal mining mechanical equipment, in particular to a hydraulic support with a rapid response function to coal wall spalling. Background Art

[0002] Comprehensive mechanized mining with large mining height is one of the main mining methods for hard and thick coal seams with a thickness greater than 3.5m. However, as the mining height gradually increases, the probability of coal wall spalling also increases. Coal wall spalling can easily cause end face roof fall, further deteriorating the mining conditions of the working face, resulting in uneven force on the hydraulic support, causing damage to the support components, and even threatening the personal safety of production personnel. Under the condition of certain mining parameters of the working face, a reasonable protective structure of the hydraulic support is the most effective way to suppress coal wall spalling.

[0003] Through the force analysis of different guard structures, it was found that the separate structural design of the telescopic beam and the guard plate has a higher coal wall support force, and it can exert an active horizontal force on the coal wall through the telescopic jack. However, since the first-level guard plate of the separate structure of the guard plate and the telescopic beam cannot contact the coal wall, only the second and third guard plates exert active support force on the coal wall, and the effective support area of ​​the coal wall is reduced. In addition, the jacks of the telescopic beam and the guard plate both use a hydraulic system with low transmission efficiency and slow movement speed. After the coal mining machine completes coal cutting, the telescopic beam is extended to the time when the second and third guard plates are completely in contact with the coal wall, and it fails to quickly and effectively prevent coal spalling.

[0004] In addition, at present, domestic coal wall status monitoring is mostly based on sensor technology and adopts contact measurement methods, which requires the installation of a large number of sensor equipment, which is costly, cumbersome to install, inefficient, and difficult to maintain. In addition, the mine environment is complex and there is electromagnetic interference, which will lead to inaccurate measurement results and affect the protection effect. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the above problems and provides a hydraulic support with a rapid response function to coal wall spalling. The technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0006] A hydraulic support with a rapid response function to coal wall spalling comprises a base, a column, a top beam, a telescopic beam, a spalling plate and a vibration meter. The vibration meter is installed on the hydraulic support and measures the vibration signal of the coal wall in a non-contact manner. The spalling plate comprises a first-level spalling plate, a second-level spalling plate and a third-level spalling plate connected in sequence. The first-level spalling plate is connected to a rapid response device on the side close to the coal wall. The rapid response device is connected to the vibration meter signal. After receiving the vibration signal of the coal wall, the rapid response device abuts against the coal wall before the second-level spalling plate and the third-level spalling plate are attached to the coal wall.

[0007] Based on the above scheme, the rapid response device includes a second motor, a connecting rod mechanism and an auxiliary guard plate. The second motor is installed under the top beam, the second motor is connected to the vibration meter signal, the connecting rod mechanism is driven by the second motor, and drives the auxiliary guard plate to rotate.

[0008] On the basis of the above scheme, the connecting rod mechanism includes a support rod, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a third connecting rod and a fourth connecting rod. The two ends of the first connecting rod are respectively hinged to the top of the auxiliary guard plate and one end of the fourth connecting rod, the other end of the fourth connecting rod is hinged to the top beam, and two hinge holes are arranged in the middle of the first connecting rod along its extension direction. One end of the support rod is hinged to the middle of the side of the auxiliary guard plate, and the other end is hinged to the hinge hole in the middle of the first connecting rod close to the side of the auxiliary guard plate. One end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the hinge hole in the middle of the first connecting rod close to the side of the fourth connecting rod, and the other end is hinged to one end of the third connecting rod. The other end of the third connecting rod is connected to the second motor, and is driven and rotated by the second motor.

[0009] Preferably, the quick response device further comprises a telescopic plate, which is arranged parallel to the auxiliary side guard plate and slides back and forth along the auxiliary side guard plate.

[0010] On the basis of the above scheme, a first motor and a gear are arranged on the auxiliary guard plate, the gear is driven and rotated by the first motor, a rack is fixedly connected to the telescopic plate along its moving direction, and the rack is meshed with the gear.

[0011] Preferably, the vibrometer includes a fixed rod, a movable rod, a shell and a lens connected in sequence, the two ends of the movable rod are hinged, and a laser, a first beam splitter and a second beam splitter are arranged in sequence in the horizontal direction at the height of the lens in the shell, the second beam splitter is arranged between the first beam splitter and the lens, a reflector is arranged below the first beam splitter, a third beam splitter is arranged below the second beam splitter, a phase modulator is arranged between the reflector and the third beam splitter, and a detector is arranged below the third beam splitter.

[0012] On the basis of the above solution, the fixing rod is fixedly connected to the column.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a controller and an electro-hydraulic valve group, and the controller is signal-connected to the vibration meter and the rapid response device.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. Use laser vibration measurement technology to monitor the coal wall status in real time and over a large area, and transmit and process the measurement data information in real time and accurately to achieve coal wall spalling early warning;

[0016] 2. The quick response device adopts an electronic control and mechanical transmission mechanism, and responds quickly after receiving the vibration signal of the coal wall. It can promptly and quickly support the coal wall before the protective plate controlled by the hydraulic component plays a supporting role, and perform temporary protective protection, thereby realizing a fast, efficient, and large-area timely protective automatic response; the relative position of the telescopic plate and the temporary protective plate is adjusted according to the area of ​​the required protective protection, thereby adjusting the area of ​​the temporary protective protection;

[0017] 3. Before the guard plate is extended, the quick response device is set between the top beam and the first-level guard plate in a retracted state, without taking up extra space; after the guard plate completes the supporting action, the quick response device is retracted to the first-level guard plate to avoid interference with the hydraulic support guard plate and cause problems such as poor guarding effect;

[0018] 4. The above-mentioned rapid response device and vibration meter and other devices can be installed and improved on the structure of the existing hydraulic support, which can effectively expand the application scope of the structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the rapid response device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the vibration meter of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 : The first state diagram of the deployment process of the rapid response device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 : The second state diagram of the deployment process of the rapid response device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 : The third state diagram of the deployment process of the rapid response device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 : The fourth state diagram of the deployment process of the rapid response device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 : The fifth state diagram of the deployment process of the rapid response device of the present invention;

[0027] Fig. 9 : The sixth state diagram of the deployment process of the rapid response device of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.10 : The first state diagram of the recovery process of the rapid response device of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.11 : The second state diagram of the recovery process of the rapid response device of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.12 : The third state diagram of the recovery process of the rapid response device of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.13 : The fourth state diagram of the recovery process of the rapid response device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0033] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "length", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0035] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, a hydraulic support with a rapid response function for coal wall spalling includes a base 11, a column 12, a side guard plate 13, a top beam 14, a telescopic beam 15, a guard plate and other devices common to existing hydraulic supports, as well as a vibration meter and a rapid response device. The vibration meter is installed on the hydraulic support and measures the vibration signal of the coal wall in a non-contact manner. It also includes a controller 16 and an electro-hydraulic valve group 17, which controls the movement of the column 12, the guard plate and other mechanisms, and the controller 16 is connected to the vibration meter and the rapid response device by signal.

[0037] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the vibrometer includes a fixed rod 51, a movable rod 52, a shell 53 and a lens 54 which are connected in sequence. The fixed rod 51 is fixedly connected to the column 12. Both ends of the movable rod 52 are hinged. A laser, a first beam splitter 61 and a second beam splitter 62 are arranged in sequence in the horizontal direction at the height of the lens 54 in the shell 53. The second beam splitter 62 is arranged between the first beam splitter 61 and the lens 54. A reflector 64 is arranged below the first beam splitter 61. A third beam splitter 63 is arranged below the second beam splitter 62. A phase modulator 65 is arranged between the reflector 64 and the third beam splitter 63. A detector 66 is arranged below the third beam splitter 63. The laser beam emitted by the laser is divided into a reference beam and a measuring beam by the first beam splitter 61. After passing through the second beam splitter 62 and the lens 54, the measuring beam is focused on the coal wall and reflected. The reflected beam is deflected downward to the third beam splitter 63 by the second beam splitter 62. The reference beam passes through the reflector 64 and the phase modulator 65 in turn and reaches the third beam splitter 63. The reference light and the reflected light are combined and reach the detector 66. When the coal wall vibrates, the light beam will form interference, and bright / dark stripes will be generated on the detector 66. A complete bright / dark cycle stripe on the detector 66 corresponds to the displacement of half the wavelength of the laser used, so the vibration information of the coal wall can be measured. The vibration information is sent to the controller 16, and the controller 16 issues an action command to the rapid response device 30.

[0038] The guard plate includes a first-level guard plate 21, a second-level guard plate 22 and a third-level guard plate 23 connected in sequence. The first-level guard plate 21 is connected to a quick response device near the coal wall. The quick response device is connected to the vibration meter signal. After receiving the vibration signal of the coal wall, the quick response device abuts against the coal wall before the second-level guard plate 22 and the third-level guard plate 23 are attached to the coal wall. Specifically, Figure 2As shown, the quick response device includes a second motor 46, a connecting rod mechanism and an auxiliary guard plate 31. The second motor 46 is installed below the top beam 14, the second motor 46 is connected to the vibration meter signal, and the connecting rod mechanism is driven by the second motor 46 to drive the auxiliary guard plate 31 to rotate. The connecting rod mechanism is symmetrically arranged at both ends of the top of the auxiliary guard plate 31 to symmetrically control the posture of the auxiliary guard plate 31. The connecting rod mechanism includes a support rod 41, a first connecting rod 42, a second connecting rod 43, a third connecting rod 44 and a fourth connecting rod 45. The two ends of the first connecting rod 42 are respectively hinged to the top of the auxiliary guard plate 31 and one end of the fourth connecting rod 45, and the other end of the fourth connecting rod 45 is hinged to the top beam 14. Two hinge holes are set in the middle of the first connecting rod 42 along its extension direction. One end of the support rod 41 is hinged to the middle of the side of the auxiliary guard plate 31, and the other end is hinged to the hinge hole in the middle of the first connecting rod 42 close to the side of the auxiliary guard plate 31. One end of the second connecting rod 43 is hinged to the hinge hole in the middle of the first connecting rod 42 close to the side of the fourth connecting rod 45, and the other end is hinged to one end of the third connecting rod 44. The other end of the third connecting rod 44 is connected to the second motor 46 and is driven and rotated by the second motor 46.

[0039] When the quick response device receives the vibration signal from the controller 16, it performs auxiliary support before the guard plate completes the support action. The state change diagram is as follows: Figure 4-9 As shown, the second motor 46 drives the third connecting rod 44 to rotate in the clockwise direction, so that the second connecting rod 43 drives the first connecting rod 42 and the fourth connecting rod 45 to rotate in the clockwise direction, and the rotation speeds of each rod are different, until the auxiliary guard plate 31 abuts against the coal wall in a vertical state to provide temporary support. At this time, the support rod 41, the first connecting rod 42 and the auxiliary guard plate 31 form a triangular structure to strengthen the support strength of the auxiliary guard plate 31 on the coal wall. After the hydraulic cylinders and other devices that drive the guard plates at each level receive the vibration signal and drive the secondary guard plate 22 and the tertiary guard plate 23 to complete the support action and abut against the coal wall, the rapid response device receives the signal and gradually retracts. Its state change diagram is shown in the figure below. Figure 10-13 As shown, the second motor 46 drives the third connecting rod 44 to rotate counterclockwise, so that the second connecting rod 43 drives the first connecting rod 42 and the fourth connecting rod 45 to rotate counterclockwise, but the support rod 41 rotates in the clockwise direction, and the rotation speeds of each rod are different, until the auxiliary guard plate 31 is attached to the primary guard plate 21.

[0040] Preferably, the quick response device further comprises a telescopic plate 35, which is arranged in parallel with the auxiliary guard plate 31 and reciprocates along the auxiliary guard plate 31. The telescopic plate 35 can be retracted to the inside or one side of the auxiliary guard plate 31 in a retracted state. A first motor 32 and a gear 33 are arranged on the auxiliary guard plate 31, and the gear 33 is driven and rotated by the first motor 32. A rack 34 is fixedly connected to the telescopic plate 35 along its moving direction, and the rack 34 is meshed and connected with the gear 33. The first motor 32 drives the gear 33 to rotate, and the position of the telescopic plate 35 relative to the auxiliary guard plate 31 is adjusted. The longer the telescopic plate 35 extends, the larger the support area of ​​the coal wall is, so that the support area is adjusted according to the area of ​​the coal wall to be supported. Preferably, the first motor 32 can be arranged on one side of the auxiliary guard plate 31 close to the primary guard plate 21, and a avoidance groove is arranged on the surface of the primary guard plate 21 according to the volume and position of the first motor 32.

[0041] The present invention is described above by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and any changes or modifications made based on the present invention belong to the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic support with a rapid response function to coal wall spalling, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (11), a column (12), a top beam (14), a telescopic beam (15), a side guard plate and a vibration meter, wherein the vibration meter is mounted on a hydraulic support and measures the vibration signal of the coal wall in a non-contact manner; the side guard plate comprises a first side guard plate (21), a second side guard plate (22) and a third side guard plate (23) which are connected in sequence, the first side guard plate (21) is connected to a quick response device on a side close to the coal wall, the quick response device is connected to the vibration meter signal, and after receiving the vibration signal of the coal wall, the quick response device contacts the coal wall before the second side guard plate (22) and the third side guard plate (23) contact the coal wall; The rapid response device comprises a second motor (46), a connecting rod mechanism and an auxiliary side guard plate (31), wherein the second motor (46) is installed below the top beam (14), the second motor (46) is connected to a vibration meter signal, and the connecting rod mechanism is driven by the second motor (46) and drives the auxiliary side guard plate (31) to rotate; The connecting rod mechanism comprises a support rod (41), a first connecting rod (42), a second connecting rod (43), a third connecting rod (44) and a fourth connecting rod (45); two ends of the first connecting rod (42) are respectively hinged to the top of the auxiliary guard plate (31) and one end of the fourth connecting rod (45); the other end of the fourth connecting rod (45) is hinged to the top beam (14); two hinge holes are arranged in the middle of the first connecting rod (42) along its extension direction; one end of the support rod (41) is hinged to the middle of the side of the auxiliary guard plate (31); the other end is hinged to the hinge hole in the middle of the first connecting rod (42) close to the side of the auxiliary guard plate (31); one end of the second connecting rod (43) is hinged to the hinge hole in the middle of the first connecting rod (42) close to the side of the fourth connecting rod (45); the other end is hinged to one end of the third connecting rod (44); the other end of the third connecting rod (44) is connected to the second motor (46) and is driven and rotated by the second motor (46).

2. The hydraulic support with rapid response function to coal wall spalling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rapid response device further comprises a telescopic plate (35), wherein the telescopic plate (35) is arranged parallel to the auxiliary side guard plate (31) and reciprocates along the auxiliary side guard plate (31).

3. The hydraulic support with rapid response function to coal wall spalling according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A first motor (32) and a gear (33) are arranged on the auxiliary guard plate (31); the gear (33) is driven and rotated by the first motor (32); a rack (34) is fixedly connected to the telescopic plate (35) along its moving direction; the rack (34) is meshingly connected to the gear (33).

4. The hydraulic support with rapid response function to coal wall spalling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vibrometer comprises a fixed rod (51), a movable rod (52), a housing (53) and a lens (54) which are connected in sequence. The movable rod (52) is hinged at both ends. A laser, a first beam splitter (61) and a second beam splitter (62) are arranged in sequence in the housing (53) at the height of the lens (54) in a horizontal direction. The second beam splitter (62) is arranged between the first beam splitter (61) and the lens (54). A reflector (64) is arranged below the first beam splitter (61). A third beam splitter (63) is arranged below the second beam splitter (62). A phase modulator (65) is arranged between the reflector (64) and the third beam splitter (63). A detector (66) is arranged below the third beam splitter (63).

5. The hydraulic support with rapid response function to coal wall spalling according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The fixing rod (51) is fixedly connected to the column (12).

6. The hydraulic support with coal wall spalling rapid response function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a controller (16) and an electro-hydraulic valve group (17), wherein the controller (16) is signal-connected to the vibration meter and the rapid response device.

Images