A forging tool and a forging forming method for a vertical roll of a pier-shaped universal rolling mill

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of pie universal mill vertical roll's forging frock and forging forming method, belong to universal mill vertical roll forging technical field;Solve the technical problem that the existing vertical roll is made of cast semi-steel material, and its service performance is poor and service life is short.The pie universal mill vertical roll forging forming method provided by the application comprises the following steps: step 1, first fire: the steel ingot is chamfered and elongated with upper flat anvil and lower V anvil, the steel ingot is elongated, then the ingot bottom is removed;Step 2, second fire: the steel ingot is upset using upsetting disc and upsetting cover plate;Step 3, third fire: the steel ingot is square drawn and chamfered and rounded using full-covering wide flat anvil auxiliary tool;Step 4, fourth fire: the two ends of the steel ingot are cut, and the excess scrap is gas cut;Step 5, fifth fire: the steel ingot is formed by upper and lower upsetting using the forging frock, the outer circle is rolled, and the finished product is obtained.The vertical roll forged by the application has dense structure, and the core and surface quality are qualified, with long service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vertical roll forging technology for universal rolling mills, and particularly to a forging fixture and forging method for a disc-shaped vertical roll of a universal rolling mill. Background Technology

[0002] The vertical rolls of the universal rolling mill are disc-shaped and are generally made of cast semi-steel, which has low strength and is prone to breakage. Forged semi-steel, on the other hand, is more difficult to manufacture, but the rolls have superior performance, better resistance to breakage, and a longer service life. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a forging fixture and forging method for vertical rolls of a pancake universal rolling mill, in order to solve the technical problem that the existing vertical rolls of pancake universal rolling mills are made of cast semi-steel material and have poor performance and short service life due to the lack of forging process.

[0004] The objective of this invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] This invention provides a forging fixture for a pancake-shaped universal rolling mill vertical roll. The forging fixture includes an upper upsetting auxiliary tool and a lower upsetting auxiliary tool with the same structure. In the vertical direction, the upper upsetting auxiliary tool is located above the steel ingot of the pancake-shaped universal rolling mill vertical roll, and the lower upsetting auxiliary tool is located below the steel ingot of the pancake-shaped universal rolling mill vertical roll.

[0006] The upper upsetting auxiliary tool includes a first upsetting round cover and a first annular boss, with the first annular boss located on the lower end face of the first upsetting round cover;

[0007] The lower upsetting auxiliary tool includes a second upsetting round cover and a second annular boss, with the second annular boss located on the upper end face of the second upsetting round cover;

[0008] The portion of the first annular boss near the lower end face of the first upsetting disc is defined as the root of the first annular boss, and the portion away from the lower end face of the first upsetting disc is defined as the top of the first annular boss; the portion of the second annular boss near the upper end face of the second upsetting disc is defined as the root of the second annular boss, and the portion away from the upper end face of the second upsetting disc is defined as the top of the second annular boss.

[0009] The root and top of both the first and second annular bosses are rounded with a radius of R20.

[0010] In one possible design, the thickness of the first annular boss decreases from the root to the top; the thickness of the second annular boss decreases from the root to the top.

[0011] In one possible design, the angle between the inner and outer annular surfaces of the first annular boss and the axis of the first annular boss is 7°-10°.

[0012] The angles between the inner and outer annular surfaces of the second annular boss and the axis of the second annular boss are both 7°-10°.

[0013] In one possible design, the first upsetting disc is provided with a pair of opposing first transverse pin holes, and a first pin is provided in the first transverse pin holes; the second upsetting disc is provided with a pair of opposing second transverse pin holes, and a second pin hole is provided in the second transverse pin holes.

[0014] When it is necessary to lift and move the forging fixture, the upper upsetting fixture can be lifted and moved by the first pin using a crane, and the lower upsetting fixture can be lifted and moved by the second pin.

[0015] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for forging a disc-shaped universal rolling mill vertical roll, using the forging fixture of the disc-shaped universal rolling mill vertical roll described above. The forging method includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1, First heating: Use an upper flat anvil and a lower V-shaped anvil to bevel and lengthen the steel ingot. After lengthening the steel ingot, press the jaws of the clamps, and then remove the bottom of the ingot.

[0017] Step 2, Second upsetting: Upset the steel ingot using an upsetting stencil and upsetting cover plate;

[0018] Step 3, Third firing: Use a full-coverage wide flat anvil to square, chamfer, and round the steel ingot;

[0019] Step 4, Fourth firing: Remove the steel ingot from both ends and cut off the excess material with gas.

[0020] Step 5, Fifth upsetting: Use forging fixtures to upset the steel ingot from both the top and bottom, then roll the outer circle to produce the finished product.

[0021] Furthermore, in step 2, during the upsetting process using the upsetting stencil and upsetting cover plate, the upsetting ratio is 1.5-2.3.

[0022] Furthermore, in step 3, the full-coverage wide flat anvil auxiliary tool includes an upper flat anvil and a lower flat anvil; the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil have the same structure and size and can completely cover the steel ingot placed between the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil;

[0023] The lengths of the upper and lower flat anvils are 3000-5000mm;

[0024] The width of the upper and lower flat anvils is 1500-2000mm;

[0025] The height of the upper and lower flat anvils is 200-300mm.

[0026] Furthermore, in step 3, the square drawing process includes 7 passes, with each pass rotating 90°. The first 4 passes reduce the blank height by 30%-35%, the 5th pass reduces it to 650mm, the 6th pass reduces it to 700mm, the 7th pass reduces it to 750mm, and the chamfer is rounded to the target size. The rotation angle is arbitrary.

[0027] Further, in step 5, the steel ingot is placed between the upper upsetting fixture and the lower upsetting fixture. After the steel ingot is fixed in place by the upper upsetting fixture and the lower upsetting fixture, the steel ingot is upsetting and forming begins. When the steel ingot height H = 555mm is upset, the upsetting is stopped, the forging fixture is removed, and the steel ingot is rolled into a round shape to obtain a pancake-shaped universal mill vertical roll.

[0028] Furthermore, in step 5, when upsetting the steel ingot using the upper upsetting tool and the lower upsetting tool, the upsetting ratio is 1.5-2.3.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) The vertical rolls of the disc-shaped universal rolling mill in the prior art are manufactured by casting without forging. The present invention uses forging tooling for forging, the forging structure is dense, the core and surface quality are qualified, and the service life is long.

[0031] (2) The present invention uses a full-coverage wide flat anvil auxiliary tool that can fully cover the billet between the upper and lower flat anvils, and can achieve zero overlap during forging, thereby greatly increasing the deformation of the steel ingot and achieving the purpose of improving the forging compaction effect of the steel ingot.

[0032] (3) The present invention uses an upper upsetting tool and a lower upsetting tool to upset the billet for forging. The resulting pancake-shaped universal mill vertical roll has a denser structure, better mechanical properties after heat treatment, better wear resistance and accident resistance, and can better guarantee the performance of the product.

[0033] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained through the embodiments described and the accompanying drawings, which are particularly pointed out. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a forging fixture;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the forging tooling;

[0037] Figure 3 Target forging dimensions;

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the small circles at both ends of the drawn billet;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the excess waste at both ends of the gas-cut billet;

[0040] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the placement of the billet when using the upper and lower upsetting fixtures for upsetting.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the billet after it has been rolled into a ball;

[0042] Figure 8 A photograph of the prepared disc-shaped universal mill vertical roll;

[0043] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the upsetting stencil and upsetting cover plate;

[0044] Figure 10 Ultrasonic flaw detection report for the vertical rolls of a universal rolling mill;

[0045] Figure 11 Magnetic particle inspection report for the vertical rolls of a universal rolling mill;

[0046] Figure 12 This is a fiber structure diagram of a vertical roll of a universal mill.

[0047] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a full-coverage wide flat anvil.

[0048] Figure label:

[0049] 1-Bill; 2-Upper upsetting tool; 3-Lower upsetting tool; 4-First upsetting disc; 5-First annular boss; 6-Second upsetting disc; 7-Second annular boss; 8-First transverse pin hole; 9-Second transverse pin hole; 10-Disc-shaped universal mill vertical roll; 11-Upsetting duct; 12-Upsetting cover plate; 13-Upper flat anvil; 14-Lower flat anvil. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0051] On one hand, the present invention provides a forging fixture for a pancake-shaped universal rolling mill vertical roll, which is a dedicated fixture for forging a pancake-shaped universal rolling mill vertical roll 10. The forging fixture includes an upper upsetting auxiliary tool 2 and a lower upsetting auxiliary tool 3 with identical structures; in the vertical direction, the upper upsetting auxiliary tool 2 is positioned above the steel ingot of the pancake-shaped universal rolling mill vertical roll 10, and the lower upsetting auxiliary tool 3 is positioned below the steel ingot of the pancake-shaped universal rolling mill vertical roll 10; the upper upsetting auxiliary tool 2 includes a first upsetting round cover 4 and a first annular boss 5, the first annular boss 5 being located on the lower end face of the first upsetting round cover 4; the lower upsetting auxiliary tool 3 includes a second upsetting round cover 6 and a second annular boss 6. A first annular boss 7 and a second annular boss 7 are located on the upper surface of the second upsetting round cover 6. The portion of the first annular boss 5 closest to the lower surface of the first upsetting round cover 6 is defined as the root of the first annular boss 5, and the portion furthest from the lower surface of the first upsetting round cover 6 is defined as the top of the first annular boss 5. Similarly, the portion of the second annular boss 7 closest to the upper surface of the second upsetting round cover 6 is defined as the root of the second annular boss 7, and the portion furthest from the upper surface of the second upsetting round cover 6 is defined as the top of the second annular boss 7. Both the root and top of the first annular boss 5 and the second annular boss 7 are rounded with a radius of R20.

[0052] It should be noted that the purpose of rounding the root and top of the first annular boss 5 and the second annular boss 7 with a radius of R20 is to avoid stress concentration on the one hand and to facilitate the flow of the billet 1 on the other.

[0053] In order to obtain the disc-shaped universal mill vertical roll 10 of the present invention, the thickness of the first annular boss 5 decreases from the root to the top; the thickness of the second annular boss 7 decreases from the root to the top. Compared with the prior art, by controlling the forging fixture of the above-mentioned specific shape, the present invention can obtain a disc-shaped universal mill vertical roll 10 that matches the shape of the forging fixture.

[0054] It should be noted that the angles between the inner and outer annular surfaces of the first annular boss 5 and the axis of the first annular boss are both 7°-10°; the angles between the inner and outer annular surfaces of the second annular boss 7 and the axis of the second annular boss are both 7°-10°.

[0055] Compared with the prior art, the present invention controls the draft angle of the inner and outer annular surfaces of the first annular boss 5 and the second annular boss 7 to 7°-10° in order to facilitate demolding and avoid the problem of the mold and the billet 1 (steel ingot) getting stuck and unable to separate.

[0056] To facilitate the lifting of the upper upsetting auxiliary tool 2 and the lower upsetting auxiliary tool 3, the present invention provides a pair of opposing first transverse pin holes 8 on the first upsetting disc, and a first pin is provided in the first transverse pin hole 8; a pair of opposing second transverse pin holes 9 are provided on the second upsetting disc, and a second pin is provided in the second transverse pin hole; the lifting machine can lift and move the upper upsetting auxiliary tool 2 through the first pin, and can lift and move the lower upsetting auxiliary tool 3 through the second pin.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a first pin in the first transverse pin hole 8 and a second pin in the second transverse pin hole 9. The hoist is connected to the first and second pins by a hoisting rope, which facilitates the hoisting and moving of the upper upsetting auxiliary tool 2 and the lower upsetting auxiliary tool 3.

[0058] To obtain the pancake-shaped universal mill vertical roll 10 of the present invention, both the first upsetting disc and the second upsetting disc of the present invention include a central portion and a peripheral portion. The central portion refers to the central portion surrounded by the first annular boss 5 and the second annular boss 7, and the peripheral portion refers to the portion located outside the first annular boss 5 and the second annular boss 7. The diameter of the first upsetting disc and the second upsetting disc is 1400 mm, the diameter of the central portion is 465 mm, the width of the root of the first annular boss 5 and the second annular boss 7 is 140 mm, the thickness of the upsetting disc corresponding to the central portion of the first annular boss 5 and the second annular boss 7 is 200 mm, the thickness of the upsetting disc corresponding to the peripheral portion of the first annular boss 5 and the second annular boss 7 is 230 mm, and the height from the top of the first annular boss 5 and the second annular boss 7 to the root of its annular outer surface is 170 mm. By controlling the aforementioned dimensions of the forging fixture, the present invention is able to obtain a pancake-shaped universal mill vertical roll 10 that matches the dimensions of the forging fixture.

[0059] During implementation, hoisting ropes are attached to both the first and second pins. The hoist lifts and moves the upper and lower upsetting auxiliary tools using the hoisting ropes. First, the lower upsetting auxiliary tool is placed horizontally with the end face with the second annular boss facing upwards. Then, the billet is placed directly above the lower upsetting auxiliary tool, and then the upper upsetting auxiliary tool is placed directly above the billet. The first annular boss of the upper upsetting auxiliary tool contacts the top of the billet, and the second annular boss of the lower upsetting auxiliary tool contacts the bottom of the billet. After the placement positions of the billet and the upper and lower upsetting auxiliary tools are determined, the billet is upset.

[0060] The present invention also provides a full-coverage wide flat anvil aid, such as Figure 9As shown, the full-coverage wide flat anvil auxiliary tool includes an upper flat anvil 13 and a lower flat anvil. When forging steel ingots for vertical rollers using the full-coverage wide flat anvil auxiliary tool, the billet 1 is first placed between the upper flat anvil 13 and the lower flat anvil 14, and the billet 1 is completely covered by the upper flat anvil 13 and the lower flat anvil 14. Then forging is carried out. During forging, zero overlap can be achieved with each hammer blow, thereby greatly increasing the deformation of the steel ingot and achieving the purpose of improving the forging compaction effect of the steel ingot.

[0061] In addition, in order to ensure that the auxiliary material can be completely covered between the upper flat anvil 13 and the lower flat anvil 14, the length of the upper flat anvil 13 and the lower flat anvil 14 of the present invention is 3000-5000mm; the width of the upper flat anvil 13 and the lower flat anvil 14 is 1500-2000mm; and the height of the upper flat anvil 13 and the lower flat anvil 14 is 200-300mm.

[0062] Existing technology uses cylindrical anvil forging with a 100° V-shaped anvil. When forging billet 1 using this cylindrical anvil, part of billet 1 is exposed outside the upper and lower anvils, and the cylindrical anvil requires multiple hammer overlaps. During each overlap, the tensile stress on billet 1 increases, making it prone to cracking and resulting in poor product quality. Compared with the existing technology, this invention provides a full-coverage wide flat anvil fixture that can completely cover the billet between the upper and lower flat anvils, achieving zero overlap during forging. This significantly increases the deformation of the vertical roll and improves the forging compaction effect. Practice has proven that this new forging process using a full-coverage wide flat anvil fixture for vertical rolls is successful. Using the full-coverage wide flat anvil of this invention for forging vertical rolls eliminates scrap due to severe cracking during the forging process, and the subsequent product flaw detection pass rate is 100%.

[0063] The present invention also provides a forging method for a disc-shaped universal mill vertical roll, using the forging fixture described above, and the forging method includes the following steps:

[0064] Step 1, First firing: Use an upper flat anvil and a lower V-shaped anvil to bevel and lengthen the steel ingot, press the jaws, and remove the bottom of the ingot;

[0065] Step 2, Second heating: Upsetting using upsetting tray 11 and upsetting cover plate 12;

[0066] Step 3, Third firing: Use a wide, flat anvil to square and chamfer the corners;

[0067] Step 4, Fourth firing: Remove the steel ingot from both ends and cut off the excess material with gas.

[0068] Step 5, Fifth forging: Use the above-mentioned special forging fixtures for upper and lower upsetting, roll the outer circle, and produce the finished product.

[0069] In step 1 above, the first heat treatment: the manipulator clamps the riser of the steel ingot or billet 1, and uses the upper flat anvil and lower V anvil to stretch the steel ingot to Φ820mm. The steel ingot is then turned around, and the manipulator clamps the ingot body and presses the riser to Φ420mm as a jaw. The size of the jaw depends on the inner diameter of the matching upsetting stencil 11, which is convenient for the manipulator to clamp in subsequent heat treatments. Finally, the bottom of the ingot is cut with gas.

[0070] It should be noted that the advantages of using an upper flat anvil and a lower V-shaped anvil to chamfer and elongate the steel ingot are: it can break up the cast structure on the surface of the steel ingot, avoiding cracking during the next upsetting process; pressing the jaws is to facilitate the upsetting process in the next upsetting process.

[0071] In step 2 above, since the size of the billet 1 needs to match the inner diameter of the upsetting stencil 11, it is necessary to first select an upsetting stencil 11 of appropriate size, then place the billet 1 (steel ingot) between the upsetting stencil 11 and the upsetting cover plate 12, place the jaws in the inner hole of the upsetting stencil 11, and upset to the preset height.

[0072] Compared with the prior art, the present invention utilizes an upsetting stencil 11 and an upsetting cover plate 12 for upsetting, which can destroy the as-cast structure of the steel ingot. During the upsetting process using the upsetting stencil 11 and the upsetting cover plate 12, the upsetting ratio is 1.5-2.3. Controlling the upsetting ratio within this range can ensure a good upsetting effect.

[0073] In step 3 above, during the third firing, a full-coverage wide flat anvil is used to pull out the square, and then the square is turned into an octagonal circle.

[0074] Specifically, in the third firing, a full-coverage wide flat anvil is used to square the surface to □750mm and round the corners to Φ800mm.

[0075] The fully covered wide flat anvil fixture of this invention ensures that the billet 1 (steel ingot) is completely covered between the upper flat anvil 13 and the lower flat anvil 14. The drawing process consists of 7 passes, each with a 90° rotation. The first 4 passes reduce the billet 1 by 30-35% of its height; the 5th pass reduces it to 650mm; the 6th pass reduces it to 700mm; and the 7th pass reduces it to 750mm. The chamfering and rounding are set to Φ800mm according to the target size, with arbitrary rotation angles.

[0076] It should be noted that during the third drawing process, the reduction amount of the first four passes should be controlled within the range of 30-35% in order to ensure that the defects in the center of the billet can be compacted.

[0077] It should be noted that the full-coverage wide flat anvil aid of the present invention, such as Figure 13 As shown, the full-coverage wide flat anvil auxiliary tool includes an upper flat anvil 13 and a lower flat anvil 14 of the same size; and can completely cover the blank 1 placed between the upper flat anvil 13 and the lower flat anvil 14.

[0078] In step 4 above, the fourth blanking process must ensure the dimensions and coaxiality of billet 1. Specifically, according to... Figure 3 As shown, cut the blank, drawing the two ends of the elongated blank 1 to Φ460mm, and then... Figure 4 As shown, perform gas cutting, retaining the length of the small circles at both ends of the blank 1 as 200mm, and discard the excess material at both ends.

[0079] It should be noted that the coaxiality of the two small circles at both ends must be ≤Φ30mm. The purpose is to avoid serious eccentricity of the billet after the first upsetting, which would cause it to fail to meet the requirements of subsequent processing.

[0080] In step 5 above, the fifth forging operation uses a special forging fixture to upset the mold cavity. The structure of this special forging fixture is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown.

[0081] Slings are attached to both the first and second pins. A hoist lifts and moves the upper upsetting tool 2 and the lower upsetting tool 3 using these ropes. First, the lower upsetting tool 3 is placed horizontally with the end face containing the second annular boss 7 facing upwards. Then, the billet 1 is placed directly above the lower upsetting tool 3, followed by the upper upsetting tool 2. The first annular boss 5 of the upper upsetting tool 2 contacts the top of the billet 1, and the second annular boss 7 of the lower upsetting tool 3 contacts the bottom of the billet 1. Once the positions of the billet 1 and the upper and lower upsetting tools 2 and 3 are determined (e.g., ...), the position is adjusted accordingly. Figure 5 As shown, the billet 1 is upset. The preheating temperature of the forging fixture before upseting is ≥250℃. The temperature of the billet 1 during upseting is 1130-1150℃. When the upseting reaches a height H=555mm, the upseting is stopped, the special forging fixture is removed, and the billet 1 is rolled into a round shape.

[0082] In step 5 above, when upsetting is performed using the upper upsetting tool 2 and the lower upsetting tool 3, the upsetting ratio is 1.5-2.3.

[0083] The universal mill vertical roll produced by the above-mentioned molding method of the present invention has a denser structure, better mechanical properties after heat treatment, better wear resistance and accident resistance, and can better guarantee the performance of the product.

[0084] Forging using the forging fixtures specifically designed for this invention can forge together metallurgical defects such as porosity and shrinkage cavities within the steel ingot, and break down coarse casting structures to obtain high-quality rolls with dense structures and uniform composition. Figure 12 As shown, compared with cast rolls of the same material, it has better strength and toughness, surface hardness uniformity and fatigue resistance. Figure 12 The diagram shows the microstructure of the vertical roll 10 of the pancake universal rolling mill. As can be seen from the diagram, the carbides in the vertical roll 10 of the pancake universal rolling mill are fully broken and evenly distributed, and do not form a network.

[0085] in addition, Figure 7 and Figure 8 The image shown is a physical picture of the disc-shaped universal rolling mill vertical roll 10 prepared according to the present invention. The prepared disc-shaped universal rolling mill vertical roll 10 was subjected to ultrasonic testing and magnetic particle testing. The ultrasonic testing results are as follows: Figure 10 As shown, the magnetic particle inspection results are as follows: Figure 11 As shown, the flaw detection results indicate that no defects were recorded, and the flaw detection is qualified.

[0086] Example 1

[0087] like Figure 2 As shown, a suitable steel ingot is selected according to the target forging size. In this embodiment, a 9T steel ingot is used for forging.

[0088] First cutting: The manipulator clamps the riser, and the ingot is lengthened to Φ820mm using an upper flat anvil and a lower V-anvil. The ingot is then turned around, and the manipulator clamps the ingot body, pressing the riser to Φ420mm to form a jaw. The jaw size depends on the inner diameter of the matching upsetting stencil 11, to facilitate clamping by the manipulator in subsequent cutting operations. Gas cutting of the ingot bottom.

[0089] Second upsetting: Select a suitable upsetting stencil 11, place the billet 1 between the upsetting stencil 11 and the upsetting cover plate 12, place the jaws in the inner hole of the upsetting stencil 11, and upset to H=750mm with an upsetting ratio of 1.6.

[0090] Third pass: Use a full-coverage wide flat anvil to square the billet to a side length of 750mm (i.e., 750mm × 750mm), then chamfer and round it to Φ800mm. When selecting the upper and lower wide flat anvils, ensure they cover the entire billet 1. Square the billet in 7 passes, rotating it 90° in each pass. The first 4 passes reduce the billet 1 height by 30%, the 5th pass reduces it to 650mm, the 6th pass to 700mm, and the 7th pass to 750mm. The chamfering and rounding is set to Φ800mm according to the target size; the rotation angle is arbitrary.

[0091] Fourth fire: Press Figure 3 Cut the material, draw the ends to a small circle to Φ460mm, and press... Figure 4 Perform gas cutting, retaining 200mm of the small circle at both ends, and discard any excess material at both ends. A special note for this process is that the coaxiality of the small circles at both ends must be ≤Φ30mm.

[0092] Fifth upsetting step: Hook ropes are attached to both the first and second pins. A hoist lifts and moves the upper upsetting tool 2 and the lower upsetting tool 3 using these ropes. First, the lower upsetting tool 3 is placed horizontally with the end face containing the second annular boss 7 facing upwards. Then, the billet 1 is placed directly above the lower upsetting tool 3, followed by the upper upsetting tool 2. The first annular boss 5 of the upper upsetting tool 2 contacts the top of the billet 1, and the second annular boss 7 of the lower upsetting tool 3 contacts the bottom of the billet 1. Once the placement of the billet 1 with the upper and lower upsetting tools 2 and 3 is determined (e.g., ...), the position is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the billet 1 is upset. The preheating temperature of the forging fixture before upseting is ≥250℃. The temperature of the billet 1 during upseting is 1130℃. When the upseting reaches a height H=555mm, the upseting is stopped, the special forging fixture is removed, and the billet 1 is rolled into a round shape.

[0093] In the fifth upsetting process, the upsetting ratio is 1.5, and the draft angles of the inner and outer annular surfaces of the first annular boss 5 and the second annular boss 7 are both controlled at 7° to facilitate demolding.

[0094] The upsetting fixture is preheated to 300℃, and the billet 1 temperature is 1130℃. The placement of billet 1 and the fixture is as follows: Figure 5 When the upsetting reaches a height H = 555 mm, stop upsetting, remove the special forging fixture, and roll the billet 1 into a round shape, as shown below. Figure 6 The rounded disc-shaped universal rolling mill vertical roll 10 Figure 7 As shown.

[0095] It should be noted that the dimensions of the full-coverage wide flat anvil used in this embodiment are as follows: the length of the upper flat anvil 13 and the lower flat anvil 14 is 4000mm; the width of the upper flat anvil 13 and the lower flat anvil 14 is 1800mm; and the height of the upper flat anvil 13 and the lower flat anvil 14 is 290mm.

[0096] All parameters of the above process must be guaranteed. The dimensions are controlled by the hydraulic press computer program, and the pressing endpoint is given for each operation stage to control the dimensions of the billet. The forged semi-steel universal rolling mill vertical rolls produced by the above method have a dense forging structure, and the core and surface flaw detection quality are qualified, and they can be delivered to users.

[0097] Compared with existing technologies, this embodiment uses a full-coverage wide flat anvil fixture that completely covers the billet between the upper and lower flat anvils, achieving zero overlap during forging and significantly increasing the deformation of the steel ingot, thereby improving the forging compaction effect. Furthermore, this embodiment utilizes upper and lower upsetting fixtures for upsetting the billet, resulting in a more dense microstructure of the pancake-shaped universal mill vertical roll. After heat treatment, it exhibits better mechanical properties, wear resistance, and accident resistance, thus better ensuring the product's performance.

[0098] Example 2

[0099] Based on the target forging size, a suitable steel ingot is selected. In this embodiment, a 9T steel ingot is used for forging.

[0100] First cutting: The manipulator clamps the riser, and the ingot is lengthened to Φ820mm using an upper flat anvil and a lower V-anvil. The ingot is then turned around, and the manipulator clamps the ingot body, pressing the riser to Φ420mm to form a jaw. The jaw size depends on the inner diameter of the matching upsetting stencil 11, to facilitate clamping by the manipulator in subsequent cutting operations. Gas cutting of the ingot bottom.

[0101] Second upsetting: Select an upsetting stencil 11 of appropriate size, place the billet 1 between the upsetting stencil 11 and the upsetting cover plate 12, place the jaws in the inner hole of the upsetting stencil 11, and upset to H=750mm with an upsetting ratio of 1.9.

[0102] Third pass: Use wide, flat anvils to square the billet to □750mm, then chamfer and round it to Φ800mm. When selecting the wide, flat anvils, ensure they cover the entire billet 1. Square the billet 1 in 7 passes, rotating it 90° in each pass. The first 4 passes reduce the billet 1 height by 33%, the 5th pass reduces it to 650mm, the 6th pass to 700mm, and the 7th pass to 750mm. Chamfer and round it to the target size of Φ800mm; the rotation angle is arbitrary.

[0103] Fourth fire: Press Figure 3 Cut the material, draw the ends to a small circle to Φ460mm, and press... Figure 4 Perform gas cutting, retaining 200mm of the small circle at both ends, and discard any excess material at both ends. A special note for this process is that the coaxiality of the small circles at both ends must be ≤Φ30mm.

[0104] Fifth upsetting step: Hook ropes are attached to both the first and second pins. A hoist lifts and moves the upper upsetting tool 2 and the lower upsetting tool 3 using these ropes. First, the lower upsetting tool 3 is placed horizontally with the end face containing the second annular boss 7 facing upwards. Then, the billet 1 is placed directly above the lower upsetting tool 3, followed by the upper upsetting tool 2. The first annular boss 5 of the upper upsetting tool 2 contacts the top of the billet 1, and the second annular boss 7 of the lower upsetting tool 3 contacts the bottom of the billet 1. Once the placement of the billet 1 with the upper and lower upsetting tools 2 and 3 is determined (e.g., ...), the position is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, billet 1 is upset. Before upseting, the forging fixture is preheated to 320℃. During upseting, the temperature of billet 1 is 1140℃. When the upset reaches a height H = 555mm, upseting is stopped, the special forging fixture is removed, and billet 1 is rolled into a disc shape to obtain a pancake-shaped universal mill vertical roll 10. Its mechanical properties are shown in Table 1 below.

[0105] It should be noted that the dimensions of the full-coverage wide flat anvil used in this embodiment are as follows: the length of the upper flat anvil 13 and the lower flat anvil 14 is 3500mm; the width of the upper flat anvil 13 and the lower flat anvil 14 is 1900mm; and the height of the upper flat anvil 13 and the lower flat anvil 14 is 280mm.

[0106] All parameters of the above process must be guaranteed. The dimensions are controlled by the hydraulic press computer program, and the pressing endpoint is given for each operation stage to control the dimensions of the billet. The forged semi-steel universal rolling mill vertical rolls produced by the above method have a dense forging structure, and the core and surface flaw detection quality are qualified, and they can be delivered to users.

[0107] Compared with existing technologies, this embodiment uses a full-coverage wide flat anvil fixture that completely covers the billet between the upper and lower flat anvils, achieving zero overlap during forging and significantly increasing the deformation of the steel ingot, thereby improving the forging compaction effect. Furthermore, this embodiment utilizes upper and lower upsetting fixtures for upsetting the billet, resulting in a more dense microstructure of the pancake-shaped universal mill vertical roll. After heat treatment, it exhibits better mechanical properties, wear resistance, and accident resistance, thus better ensuring the product's performance.

[0108] Example 3

[0109] Based on the target forging size, a suitable steel ingot is selected. In this embodiment, a 9T steel ingot is used for forging.

[0110] First cutting: The manipulator clamps the riser, and the ingot is lengthened to Φ820mm using an upper flat anvil and a lower V-anvil. The ingot is then turned around, and the manipulator clamps the ingot body, pressing the riser to Φ420mm to form a jaw. The jaw size depends on the inner diameter of the matching upsetting stencil 11, to facilitate clamping by the manipulator in subsequent cutting operations. Gas cutting of the ingot bottom.

[0111] Second upsetting: Select a suitable upsetting stencil 11, place the billet 1 between the upsetting stencil 11 and the upsetting cover plate 12, place the jaws in the inner hole of the upsetting stencil 11, and upset to H=750mm, with an upsetting ratio of 1.2.3;

[0112] Third pass: Use wide, flat anvils to square the billet to □750mm, then chamfer and round it to Φ800mm. When selecting the wide, flat anvils, ensure they cover the entire billet 1. Square the billet 1 in 7 passes, rotating it 90° in each pass. The first 4 passes reduce the billet 1 height by 35%, the 5th pass reduces it to 650mm, the 6th pass to 700mm, and the 7th pass to 750mm. Chamfer and round it to the target size of Φ800mm; the rotation angle is arbitrary.

[0113] Fourth fire: Press Figure 3 Cut the material, draw the ends to a small circle to Φ460mm, and press... Figure 4Perform gas cutting, retaining 200mm of the small circle at both ends, and discard any excess material at both ends. A special note for this process is that the coaxiality of the small circles at both ends must be ≤Φ30mm.

[0114] Fifth upsetting step: Hook ropes are attached to both the first and second pins. A hoist lifts and moves the upper upsetting tool 2 and the lower upsetting tool 3 using these ropes. First, the lower upsetting tool 3 is placed horizontally with the end face containing the second annular boss 7 facing upwards. Then, the billet 1 is placed directly above the lower upsetting tool 3, followed by the upper upsetting tool 2. The first annular boss 5 of the upper upsetting tool 2 contacts the top of the billet 1, and the second annular boss 7 of the lower upsetting tool 3 contacts the bottom of the billet 1. Once the placement of the billet 1 with the upper and lower upsetting tools 2 and 3 is determined (e.g., ...), the position is as follows: Figure 5 As shown), billet 1 is upset. Before upseting, the forging fixture is preheated to 310℃. During upseting, the temperature of billet 1 is 1150℃. When the upset reaches a height H = 555mm, upseting is stopped, the special forging fixture is removed, and billet 1 is rolled into a round shape to obtain a disc-shaped universal mill vertical roll 10, as shown. Figure 8 As shown, its mechanical properties are shown in Table 1.

[0115] In the fifth upsetting process, the upsetting ratio is 2.3, and the draft angles of the inner and outer annular surfaces of the first annular boss 5 and the second annular boss 7 are both controlled at 10° to facilitate demolding.

[0116] It should be noted that the dimensions of the full-coverage wide flat anvil used in this embodiment are as follows: the length of the upper flat anvil 13 and the lower flat anvil 14 is 5000mm; the width of the upper flat anvil 13 and the lower flat anvil 14 is 2000mm; and the height of the upper flat anvil 13 and the lower flat anvil 14 is 300mm.

[0117] All parameters of the above process must be guaranteed. The dimensions are controlled by the hydraulic press computer program, and the pressing endpoint is given for each operation stage to control the dimensions of the billet. The forged semi-steel universal rolling mill vertical rolls produced by the above method have a dense forging structure, and the core and surface flaw detection quality are qualified, and they can be delivered to users.

[0118] Table 1. Mechanical property data of the pancake-shaped universal mill vertical roll 10 prepared in Examples 1 to 3.

[0119]

[0120] As can be seen from Table 1 above, the yield strength σ of the pancake-shaped universal mill vertical roll 10 forged by the present invention is... 0.2 The tensile strength is 850-909 MPa. b The strength is 1270-1356 MPa, the elongation δ5 is 5-6%, the reduction of area Ψ is 5.5-7%, and the impact toughness aKu is 8×10⁻⁶ MPa.4 J / m 2 -11×10 4 J / m 2 .

[0121] Compared with existing technologies, this embodiment uses a full-coverage wide flat anvil fixture that completely covers the billet between the upper and lower flat anvils, achieving zero overlap during forging and significantly increasing the deformation of the steel ingot, thereby improving the forging compaction effect. Furthermore, this embodiment utilizes upper and lower upsetting fixtures for upsetting the billet, resulting in a more dense microstructure of the pancake-shaped universal mill vertical roll. After heat treatment, it exhibits better mechanical properties, wear resistance, and accident resistance, thus better ensuring the product's performance.

[0122] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forging method for a vertical roll of a disc-shaped universal rolling mill, characterized in that, A forging fixture for a disc-shaped universal rolling mill vertical roll is provided. The forging fixture includes an upper upsetting auxiliary tool and a lower upsetting auxiliary tool with identical structures. In the vertical direction, the upper upsetting auxiliary tool is located above the steel ingot of the disc-shaped universal rolling mill vertical roll, and the lower upsetting auxiliary tool is located below the steel ingot of the disc-shaped universal rolling mill vertical roll. The upper upsetting auxiliary tool includes a first upsetting round cover and a first annular boss, wherein the first annular boss is disposed on the lower end surface of the first upsetting round cover; The lower upsetting auxiliary tool includes a second upsetting round cover and a second annular boss, the second annular boss being disposed on the upper end face of the second upsetting round cover; the end face of the second annular boss is facing upward; The first annular boss of the upper upsetting tool contacts the top of the billet, and the second annular boss of the lower upsetting tool contacts the bottom of the billet, thereby upsetting the billet; The part of the first annular boss near the lower end face of the first upsetting disc is the root of the first annular boss, and the part away from the lower end face of the first upsetting disc is the top of the first annular boss; the part of the second annular boss near the upper end face of the second upsetting disc is the root of the second annular boss, and the part away from the upper end face of the second upsetting disc is the top of the second annular boss. The root and top of both the first and second annular bosses are rounded with a radius of R20. The forging fixture is used in the fifth upsetting process. When upsetting the steel ingot using the upper upsetting tool and the lower upsetting tool, the upsetting ratio is 1.5-2.

3. The diameter of the first upsetting disc and the second upsetting disc is 1400mm, the diameter of the central part is 465mm, the width of the root of the first annular boss and the second annular boss is 140mm, the thickness of the upsetting disc corresponding to the central part of the first annular boss and the second annular boss is 200mm, the thickness of the upsetting disc corresponding to the outer part of the first annular boss and the second annular boss is 230mm, and the height from the top of the first annular boss and the second annular boss to the root of its annular outer side is 170mm. The forging method includes the following steps: Step 1, First heating: Use an upper flat anvil and a lower V-shaped anvil to bevel and lengthen the steel ingot. After lengthening the steel ingot, press the jaws of the clamps, and then remove the bottom of the ingot. Step 2, Second upsetting: Upset the steel ingot using an upsetting stencil and upsetting cover plate; Step 3, Third firing: Use a full-coverage wide flat anvil to square, chamfer, and round the steel ingot; The full-coverage wide flat anvil auxiliary tool includes an upper flat anvil and a lower flat anvil; the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil have the same structure and size and can completely cover the steel ingot placed between the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil; when using the full-coverage wide flat anvil auxiliary tool to forge the steel ingot of the vertical roll, the billet is first placed between the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil, and the billet is ensured to be completely covered by the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil, and then forging is carried out, and zero overlap can be achieved for each hammer blow during forging; The lengths of the upper and lower flat anvils are 3000-5000 mm; The width of the upper and lower flat anvils is 1500-2000 mm; The height of the upper and lower flat anvils is 200-300mm; Step 4, Fourth firing: Remove the steel ingot from both ends and cut off the excess material with gas. Step 5, Fifth forging: The steel ingot is upset from the top and bottom using the forging fixture, and then rolled to produce the finished product.

2. The forging method for vertical rolls of a disc-shaped universal rolling mill according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, during the upsetting process using an upsetting stencil and an upsetting cover plate, the upsetting ratio is 1.5-2.

3.

3. The forging method for vertical rolls of a disc-shaped universal rolling mill according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 3, the square drawing process includes 7 passes, with each pass rotating 90°. The first 4 passes reduce the blank height by 30%-35%, the 5th pass reduces it to 650mm, the 6th pass reduces it to 700mm, and the 7th pass reduces it to 750mm. The chamfer is rounded to the target size, and the rotation angle is arbitrary.

4. The forging method for the vertical roll of a disc-shaped universal rolling mill according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step 5, the steel ingot is placed between the upper upsetting fixture and the lower upsetting fixture. After the steel ingot is fixed in place by the upper upsetting fixture and the lower upsetting fixture, the steel ingot is upsetting and forming begins. When the steel ingot is upset to a height H=555mm, the upsetting is stopped, the forging fixture is removed, and the steel ingot is rolled into a round shape to obtain a disc-shaped universal mill vertical roll.

5. The forging method for vertical rolls of a disc-shaped universal rolling mill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the first annular boss decreases from the root to the top; the thickness of the second annular boss decreases from the root to the top.

6. The forging method for vertical rolls of a disc-shaped universal rolling mill according to claim 5, characterized in that, The angle between the inner and outer annular surfaces of the first annular protrusion and the axis of the first annular protrusion is 7°-10°. The angles between the inner and outer annular surfaces of the second annular boss and the axis of the second annular boss are both 7°-10°.

7. The forging method for vertical rolls of a disc-shaped universal rolling mill according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first upsetting disc is provided with a pair of opposing first transverse pin holes, and a first pin is provided in the first transverse pin hole; the second upsetting disc is provided with a pair of opposing second transverse pin holes, and a second pin hole is provided in the second transverse pin hole. When it is necessary to lift and move the forging fixture, the upper upsetting fixture can be lifted and moved using a crane via the first pin, and the lower upsetting fixture can be lifted and moved using the second pin.

Images