A prestressed and prestrained load-bearing frame and ceramic press

Abstract

The present invention discloses a prestressed and prestrained load-bearing frame, comprising an integral antagonism mechanism, a wire winding mechanism, and a stress-dispersing mechanism. The integral antagonism mechanism comprises a load-bearing steel plate, the outer periphery of which is wrapped by the wire winding mechanism, and the wire winding mechanism applies peripheral prestress to the integral antagonism mechanism. The stress-dispersing mechanism comprises an internal support mechanism, an edge filling mechanism, and an inner circle filling mechanism. While achieving the same maximum applicable compressive force, this frame has the same superior fatigue resistance as a conventional prestressed wire-wound load-bearing frame, and has better fatigue resistance than a conventional plate-frame load-bearing frame. It also has better stress stability than a conventional prestressed wire-wound load-bearing frame, and has the same stress stability as a conventional plate-frame load-bearing frame. It reduces the volume and steel usage by 2-3 times compared to conventional prestressed wire-wound load-bearing frames, and reduces the volume and steel usage by 30% compared to conventional plate-frame load-bearing frames.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of heavy machinery load-bearing frames, and in particular to a prestressed and prestrained load-bearing frame and a ceramic press. Background Art

[0002] The frame is a key component of a ceramic hydraulic press and the primary load-bearing element. Damage to the frame can damage the entire press. On the one hand, the frame must possess sufficient strength, rigidity, and superior fatigue resistance. On the other hand, because ceramic hydraulic presses typically use powder molding, especially for very large ceramics, initial degassing and stress stability during the molding process are crucial. This requires the frame to possess stress stability and facilitate degassing.

[0003] At present, the frames used in ceramic hydraulic presses mainly include prestressed steel wire winding load-bearing frames and plate-frame load-bearing frames.

[0004] Currently known prestressed steel wire winding bearing frame such as Figure 1 As shown, the upper beam 1', columns 2', and lower beam 3' are independent components, which are wrapped with multiple layers of prestressed steel wire 4' to form a closed, load-bearing structural frame. This converts the pressure on the upper and lower beams into tensile forces 5' and 6' in the wire layers. This prestressed wire-wound load-bearing frame, supported by high-strength steel wire, offers superior fatigue resistance compared to plate-and-frame frames and is widely used in many heavy machinery applications.

[0005] Another known plate-frame type load-bearing frame is Figure 2 As shown, it mainly consists of a steel plate 200 with an opening in the middle, internal active tensioning mechanisms 300 and 400, and internal filler 240. This plate-frame type load-bearing mechanism is supported by a high-strength load-bearing plate 100 and is significantly lighter and more compact in overall size, while maintaining the same maximum compressive force as a load-bearing frame with pre-tensioned steel wire winding, making it simpler overall.

[0006] In general, prestressed wire-wound load-bearing frames offer advantages such as good fatigue resistance and split-piece processing. However, these frames are bulky, and the load-bearing components are steel wire. The elastic deformation of both the steel wire (the elastic modulus of the steel wire is related to its structure, age, length, and the tension applied to the wire) and the steel material directly bears the load, resulting in poor load stability. Plate-frame load-bearing frames, on the other hand, offer advantages such as compact overall dimensions and stable load-bearing properties compared to prestressed wire-wound load-bearing frames. However, because they are constructed from a single sheet of high-strength steel, they can easily concentrate stress under extremely high loads, require high-strength materials for the frame, and are difficult to process.

[0007] Furthermore, existing prestressed wire-wound and plate-frame load-bearing frames are prohibitively expensive. For example, a commercially available 25,000-ton press has a wire-wound frame measuring 11.5 meters high and 5 meters wide, using approximately 780 tons of standard steel and costing approximately 4 million yuan. A plate-frame load-bearing frame is 4 meters high and 3.2 meters wide, using approximately 300 tons of custom high-strength steel and costing approximately 3 million yuan. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a prestressed and prestrained load-bearing frame and a ceramic press, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of the existing prestressed steel wire winding load-bearing frame and the plate-frame load-bearing frame and combining the advantages of both.

[0009] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a prestressed and prestrained load-bearing frame, comprising: an integral antagonistic mechanism, a steel wire winding mechanism, and a stress dispersing functional mechanism;

[0010] The overall antagonism mechanism includes a load-bearing steel plate, the outer periphery of the load-bearing steel plate is wrapped by the steel wire winding mechanism, the interior of the overall antagonism mechanism is filled and supported by the stress dispersion functional mechanism, and the steel wire winding mechanism applies peripheral prestress to the overall antagonism mechanism;

[0011] The interior of the overall antagonism mechanism consists of a hollow rectangular space and four extended cutouts, the rectangular space and the extended cutouts are connected, the four extended cutouts are distributed at the four corners of the rectangular space and are symmetrical along the X-axis and Y-axis directions of the overall antagonism mechanism, and the rectangular space consists of two opposite vertical surfaces and two opposite horizontal surfaces;

[0012] The extended incision includes an outer curved surface, an inner curved surface, and a connecting curved surface. The outer curved surface and the inner curved surface extend concentrically or parallel to each other with a gap therebetween. The outer curved surface is connected to a vertical surface of the rectangular space, the inner curved surface is connected to a horizontal surface of the rectangular space, and one end of the connecting curved surface is connected to the outer curved surface and the other end is connected to the inner curved surface.

[0013] The stress dispersion mechanism includes an inner support mechanism, an edge filling mechanism and an inner circle filling mechanism;

[0014] The inner support mechanisms are symmetrically placed on the left and right sides of the rectangular space, with the long sides of the inner support mechanisms being aligned with the vertical surface of the rectangular space and the short sides being aligned with the horizontal surface of the rectangular space;

[0015] The edge filling mechanism fills the incision formed by the outer curved surface and the inner curved surface;

[0016] The inner circle filling mechanism fills in the connecting curved surface.

[0017] Furthermore, the periphery of the overall antagonism mechanism is composed of two upper and lower semicircles and two left and right straight edges, or a whole circle, or four straight edges and four rounded corners.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer curved surface and the inner curved surface of the extended incision are composed of a single segment or multiple segments of arc surfaces.

[0019] Furthermore, the arc shape of the outer curved surface and the inner curved surface of the extended incision is in the same direction as the bending direction of the arc wrapped by the wire winding mechanism.

[0020] Furthermore, the outer curved surface and the inner curved surface of the extended cut are parallel to the arc segment closest to the wrapping arc of the wire winding mechanism with equal width.

[0021] Furthermore, the connecting curved surface of the extended incision is an arc surface, which protrudes outward from the incision composed of the outer curved surface and the inner curved surface.

[0022] Furthermore, a circle of grooves is provided at the middle position of the periphery of the integral antagonism mechanism, and the steel wire of the steel wire winding mechanism is wound around the surface of the grooves.

[0023] Furthermore, a support platform is provided at the lower portion of the periphery of the overall antagonism mechanism, and the bottom surface of the support platform is a plane.

[0024] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a ceramic press, comprising a power mechanism and a prestressed and prestrained bearing frame as described above, wherein the power mechanism is arranged in the rectangular space, and the power mechanism generates symmetrical power, which is parallel to the vertical plane of the rectangular space.

[0025] By adopting the above scheme, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. Under the condition of achieving the same maximum compressive force, this frame has the same excellent fatigue resistance as the traditional prestressed steel wire winding load-bearing frame, and has better fatigue resistance than the traditional plate-frame load-bearing frame;

[0027] 2. Under the condition of achieving the same maximum compressive force, this frame has better stress stability than the traditional prestressed steel wire winding load-bearing frame, and has the same stress stability as the traditional plate-frame load-bearing frame;

[0028] 3. Under the condition of achieving the same maximum compressive force, this frame reduces the volume and steel consumption by 2-3 times compared with the traditional prestressed steel wire winding load-bearing frame;

[0029] 4. Under the condition of achieving the same maximum compressive force, this frame reduces the volume and steel usage by 30% compared with the traditional plate-frame load-bearing frame, thus reducing the strength requirements for steel.

[0030] 5. The prestressed and prestrained load-bearing frame is about 3.5m high and 2.8m wide. It uses 220T of steel (ordinary steel) and costs about 1.1 million. Compared with traditional prestressed steel wire winding load-bearing frames and plate-frame load-bearing frames, the cost is greatly reduced. The present invention creates a new technology while achieving smaller size and better performance at a lower cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a traditional prestressed steel wire winding load-bearing frame.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of a traditional plate-frame load-bearing rack.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the prestressed and prestrained load-bearing frame of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of DD.

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of EE.

[0036] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the overall countermeasure mechanism of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 The structure diagram of the overall countermeasure mechanism of the present invention is as follows Figure 1 .

[0038] Figure 8 The structure diagram of the overall countermeasure mechanism of the present invention is as follows Figure 2 .

[0039] Figure 9 The structure diagram of the overall countermeasure mechanism of the present invention is as follows Figure 3 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] The present invention aims to overcome the defects of traditional prestressed steel wire winding load-bearing frames and plate frame load-bearing frames, and integrates their advantages to invent a third integral load-bearing frame combining prestress and prestrain.

[0042] Specifically, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The present invention provides a prestressed and prestrained load-bearing frame 1, comprising: an overall antagonism mechanism 2, a steel wire winding mechanism 3 and a stress dispersion functional mechanism.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 6 The overall antagonism mechanism 2 includes a bearing steel plate, the outer periphery of which is wrapped by the steel wire of the steel wire winding mechanism 3. The outer periphery of the overall antagonism mechanism 2 is preferably shaped like a waist-shaped hole (composed of two upper and lower semicircles and two left and right straight edges, the straight edges being tangent to the upper and lower semicircles); it can also be composed of a single whole circle; or composed of four straight edges and four rounded corners (such as Figure 7 as shown); you can also use something similar to Figure 8 The shape shown has convex arcs on the left and right sides, straight lines on the top and bottom sides, oblique lines between the arcs and the straight lines on the top and bottom sides, and rounded corners between the straight lines and the oblique lines on the top and bottom sides. Figure 9 The shape shown has straight lines on the top, bottom, and left sides, connected by diagonal lines. Rounded corners are formed between the diagonal lines and the top, bottom, and left sides. The interior of the overall antagonist mechanism 2 is filled and supported by a stress-dispersing mechanism. The wire winding mechanism 3 applies a peripheral prestress 31 to the overall antagonist mechanism 2. This peripheral prestress 31 is radially directed.

[0044] The interior of the integrated countermeasure mechanism 2 consists of a hollow rectangular space 7 and four extended cutouts 10. The rectangular space 7 and the extended cutouts 10 are connected. The four extended cutouts 10 are distributed at the four corners of the rectangular space 7 and are symmetrical along the X-axis and Y-axis directions of the integrated countermeasure mechanism 2. The rectangular space 7 is located at the center of the integrated countermeasure mechanism 2 and is composed of two opposing vertical surfaces 8 and two opposing horizontal surfaces 9.

[0045] The extended cutout 10 extends to the outside of the rectangular space 7, protrudes from the rectangular space 7, and is connected to the rectangular space 7. The extended cutout 10 includes an outer curved surface 11, an inner curved surface 12, and a connecting curved surface 13. The outer curved surface 11 and the inner curved surface 12 extend concentrically or parallel to each other, with a gap of a predetermined width between them. The outer curved surface 11 is connected to the vertical surface 8 of the rectangular space 7. Preferably, the outer curved surface 11 is tangent to the vertical surface 8 of the rectangular space 7, and the inner curved surface 12 is connected to the horizontal surface of the rectangular space 7. Preferably, the outer curved surface 11 and the inner curved surface 12 of the extended cutout 10 are composed of a single segment or multiple segments of circular arc surfaces. One end of the connecting curved surface 13 is connected to the outer curved surface 11 and the other end is connected to the inner curved surface 12. The connecting curved surface 13 of the extended cutout 10 is a circular arc surface, which protrudes outward from the cutout composed of the outer curved surface 11 and the inner curved surface 12. Preferably, the arcs of the outer curved surface 11 and inner curved surface 12 of the extended cutout 10 are oriented in the same direction as the arc of the wire winding mechanism 3. The outer curved surface 11 and inner curved surface 12 of the extended cutout 10 are parallel or nearly parallel to the arc segment closest to the wire winding mechanism 3. Preferably, the extended cutout 10 is located at stress concentration locations of the overall countermeasure mechanism 2, particularly at the connection curved surface 13.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 5 The stress dispersion functional mechanism includes: an inner support mechanism 4, an edge filling mechanism 5 and an inner circle filling mechanism 6.

[0047] The inner support mechanisms 4 are placed symmetrically on the left and right sides of the rectangular space 7, with their long sides aligned with the inner surface of the vertical surface 8 of the rectangular space, and their short sides aligned with the inner surface of the horizontal surface 9 of the rectangular space. The edge filling mechanism 5 fills the incision formed by the outer curved surface 11 and the inner curved surface 12. The inner circle filling mechanism 6 fills the connecting curved surface 13.

[0048] Preferably, the configuration parameters, shape, size, material, etc. of each component of the stress dispersion functional mechanism are optimally adjusted according to the simulation results of the power 21 and the prestressed value of the wire winding mechanism 3. This embodiment is a non-limiting example.

[0049] Preferably, the inner surfaces of the outer curved surface 11, the inner curved surface 12 and the connecting curved surface 13 are smooth surfaces with a very low friction coefficient. Therefore, under working conditions, even if a very small load is applied, the edge filling mechanism 5 contacts the inner curved surface 12 and the outer curved surface 11 and can slide relative to the inner curved surface 12 and the outer curved surface 11, thereby dispersing the stress of the wire winding mechanism 3.

[0050] A circle of groove is provided in the middle position of the periphery of the integral countermeasure mechanism 2 , and the steel wire of the steel wire winding mechanism 3 is wound around the surface of the groove.

[0051] A support platform 22 is provided at the lower portion of the periphery of the integral antagonism mechanism 2 . The bottom surface of the support platform 22 is a plane. The support platform 22 is used to fix the frame to the ground.

[0052] The present invention also provides a ceramic press, comprising a power mechanism and a prestressed and prestrained bearing frame 1 as described above, wherein the power mechanism is arranged in the rectangular space 7, and the power mechanism generates symmetrical power 21, which is parallel to the vertical surface 8 of the rectangular space 7.

[0053] The overall antagonism mechanism 2, the inner support mechanism 4, the edge filling mechanism 5 and the inner circle filling mechanism 6 cause the horizontal surface 9 of the rectangular space 7 to produce stress deformation similar to the central convex surface of the dotted line 32 under the action of the prestress applied by the wire winding mechanism 3. This deformation is beneficial to the exhaust of ceramic powder from the center to both sides in the initial stage of the ceramic press. In the later stage of the ceramic press, the horizontal surface 9 of the rectangular space 7 changes from the central convex surface to a flat surface, ensuring the flatness of the ceramic body after pressing. This favorable stress deformation of the central convex surface in the initial stage of compression and the flat surface after compression can be achieved through the joint action of the overall antagonism mechanism 2, the inner support mechanism 4, the edge filling mechanism 5, the inner circle filling mechanism 6 and the wire winding mechanism 3 and can be pre-set and adjusted. Therefore, the overall antagonism mechanism 2, the inner support mechanism 4, the edge filling mechanism 5, the inner circle filling mechanism 6 and the wire winding mechanism 3 constitute a pre-strain functional mechanism.

[0054] The configuration parameters, shape, size, material, etc. of each component of the pre-strain functional mechanism are optimally adjusted according to the results of simulation of the power and stress values. The drawings and this embodiment are non-limiting examples.

[0055] Preferably, for the 25,000-ton press commercially available on the market, the frame of the prestressed and prestrained load-bearing frame is 3.5m high, 2.8m wide, and uses 220T of steel. Ordinary steel can be used, and the cost is about 1.1 million, which greatly reduces the cost compared to traditional prestressed wire winding load-bearing frames and plate-frame load-bearing frames. The prestress around the wire winding mechanism 3 is applied to the overall antagonism mechanism 2, and is transferred to the edge filling mechanism 5, the inner circle filling mechanism 6 and the inner support mechanism 4. The edge filling mechanism 5 and the inner circle filling mechanism 6 fill the material removal parts where stress is concentrated in the overall antagonism mechanism 2, and the edge filling mechanism 5 is in contact with the inner curved surface 12 and the outer curved surface 11 and can slide relative to the inner curved surface 12 and the outer curved surface 11. Furthermore, the edge filling mechanism 5 can also slide internally, thereby dispersing stress and transmitting force. The supporting force of the inner support mechanism 4 is applied to the rectangular space horizontal plane 9, preventing the rectangular space horizontal plane 9 from excessive deformation while keeping the edge filling mechanism 5 and the inner circle filling mechanism 6 in contact with the overall antagonism mechanism 2. Furthermore, under the combined action of the appropriate prestress of the wire winding mechanism 3, the appropriately sized overall antagonism mechanism 2, the appropriately positioned edge filling mechanism 5 and the inner circle filling mechanism 6, and the inner support mechanism 4, a curved surface (i.e., a curved surface) that is conducive to the exhaust molding of ceramic powder is generated. Figure 3 32) deformation.

[0056] Similarly, under working conditions, the internal power 21 applies a symmetrical force to the horizontal plane 9 of the rectangular space, and transmits it to the wire winding mechanism 3 through the overall antagonism mechanism 2, the edge filling mechanism 5, and the inner circle filling mechanism 6. The wire winding mechanism 3 bears most of the load to prevent the overall antagonism mechanism 2 from plastic deformation. The edge filling mechanism 5 and the inner circle filling mechanism 6 fill the material removal area where stress is concentrated in the overall antagonism mechanism 2, and the edge filling mechanism 5 is in contact with the outer curved surface 11 and the inner curved surface 12 and can slide relative to the outer curved surface 11 and the inner curved surface 12. Furthermore, the edge filling mechanism 5 can also slide internally, thereby dispersing the stress of the wire winding mechanism 3 and the internal power 21 and transmitting the interaction force between the wire winding mechanism 3 and the internal power 21.

[0057] In summary, the load-bearing capacity of this prestressed and prestrained load-bearing frame is shared by the load-bearing steel plate and the prestressed steel wire. Under operating conditions, the load-bearing capacity of this prestressed and prestrained load-bearing frame is shared by the load-bearing steel plate and the wire winding mechanism. On the one hand, the wire winding mechanism bears the primary load-bearing capacity, significantly reducing the size of the load-bearing steel plate. On the other hand, the load-bearing steel plate's overall load-bearing stability is stably transferred to the wire winding mechanism, avoiding force fluctuations. Prestress is applied to the integrated load-bearing steel plate from the outside via steel wire, and a stress-dispersing mechanism is pre-installed, causing the load-bearing steel plate to generate the desired internal strain due to the prestressed steel wire. This results in a combined prestressed and prestrained load-bearing frame. This pre-increased wire winding stress strengthens the fatigue resistance of the integrated frame and reduces the external load-bearing size of the integrated load-bearing steel plate. The stress-dispersing mechanism and the application of prestrain disperse the stress concentration factor of the prestressed steel plate, thereby reducing the overall strength requirements of the frame. This pre-strain has a particularly beneficial effect on the forming and post-forming flatness of large ceramic sheets, achieving superior fatigue resistance, more compact overall dimensions, lower manufacturing difficulty, and reduced steel costs under the same maximum applicable compressive force. Theoretically, a prestressed and pre-strained integrated load-bearing frame uses 2-3 times less steel than a traditional prestressed wire-wound load-bearing frame, and 30% less steel than a traditional plate-and-frame load-bearing frame. This results in even greater steel savings, a smaller size, and superior performance for an equivalent load-bearing capacity.

[0058] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prestressed and prestrained load-bearing frame, characterized in that: include: An overall antagonistic mechanism (2), a wire winding mechanism (3), and a stress dispersing functional mechanism; The overall antagonism mechanism (2) includes a bearing steel plate, the outer periphery of the bearing steel plate is wrapped by the steel wire winding mechanism (3), the interior of the overall antagonism mechanism (2) is filled and supported by the stress dispersion functional mechanism, and the steel wire winding mechanism (3) applies peripheral prestress (31) to the overall antagonism mechanism (2); The interior of the overall antagonism mechanism (2) is composed of a hollow rectangular space (7) and four extended cutouts (10). The rectangular space (7) and the extended cutouts (10) are connected. The four extended cutouts (10) are distributed on the four corners of the rectangular space (7) and are symmetrical along the X-axis and Y-axis directions of the overall antagonism mechanism (2). The rectangular space (7) is composed of two opposite vertical surfaces (8) and two opposite horizontal surfaces (9). The extended cutout (10) includes an outer curved surface (11), an inner curved surface (12) and a connecting curved surface (13). The outer curved surface (11) and the inner curved surface (12) extend concentrically or parallel to each other with a gap between them. The outer curved surface (11) is connected to the vertical surface (8) of the rectangular space (7), and the inner curved surface (12) is connected to the horizontal surface (9) of the rectangular space (7). One end of the connecting curved surface (13) is connected to the outer curved surface (11) and the other end is connected to the inner curved surface (12). The stress dispersion functional mechanism comprises: an inner support mechanism (4), an edge filling mechanism (5), and an inner circle filling mechanism (6); The inner support mechanism (4) is symmetrically placed on the left and right sides of the rectangular space (7), with the long side of the inner support mechanism (4) being in contact with the vertical surface (8) of the rectangular space (7), and the short side thereof being in contact with the horizontal surface (9) of the rectangular space (7); The edge filling mechanism (5) fills the incision formed by the outer curved surface (11) and the inner curved surface (12); The inner circle filling mechanism (6) fills the connection curved surface (13).

2. The prestressed and prestrained load-bearing frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The periphery of the overall countermeasure mechanism (2) is composed of two upper and lower semicircles and two left and right straight edges, or a whole circle, or four straight edges and four rounded corners.

3. The prestressed and prestrained load-bearing frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer curved surface (11) and the inner curved surface (12) of the extended cutout (10) are composed of a single segment or multiple segments of arc surfaces.

4. The prestressed and prestrained load-bearing frame according to claim 3, characterized in that: The arc shape of the outer curved surface (11) and the inner curved surface (12) of the extended cutout (10) is in the same direction as the arc bending direction of the wire winding mechanism (3).

5. The prestressed and prestrained load-bearing frame according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer curved surface (11) of the extended cutout (10) is parallel to the inner curved surface (12) and the arc segment closest to the wrapping arc of the wire winding mechanism (3) with equal width.

6. The prestressed and prestrained load-bearing frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting curved surface (13) of the extended incision (10) is an arc surface, which protrudes outward from the incision composed of the outer curved surface (11) and the inner curved surface (12).

7. The prestressed and prestrained load-bearing frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circle of grooves is provided at the middle position of the periphery of the integral countermeasure mechanism (2), and the steel wire of the steel wire winding mechanism (3) is wound around the surface of the grooves.

8. The prestressed and prestrained load-bearing frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support platform (22) is provided at the lower portion of the periphery of the integral countermeasure mechanism (2), and the bottom surface of the support platform (22) is a plane.

9. A ceramic press, comprising a power mechanism, characterized in that: A prestressed and prestrained bearing frame according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is provided, wherein the power mechanism is provided in the rectangular space, and the power mechanism generates symmetrical power (21), and the symmetrical power (21) is parallel to the vertical surface (8) of the rectangular space (7).

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