A melting system for neodymium iron boron permanent magnet materials

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material smelting, specifically a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material smelting system, including a smelting mechanism, a charging mechanism, a ventilation mechanism, a cooling mechanism, a discharging mechanism, a transmission mechanism, and a reset mechanism. The system cools the molten material in the vacuum furnace body and the discharging channel through a first cooling channel and a second cooling channel, respectively, improving cooling efficiency. The contact relationship between the movable pressure block and the wedge-shaped slider pushes the point-contact slider to engage with the point-contact fixed block, thereby energizing the electromagnetic block and generating magnetic force. After the movable pressure block disengages from the wedge-shaped slider, the point-contact slider disengages from the point-contact fixed block under the action of a first spring, the electromagnetic block is de-energized, and the magnetic force disappears. This controls the timely opening and closing of the discharging funnel, avoiding continuous discharging during the changing of the charging tank, thus preventing material waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material smelting, specifically a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material smelting system. Background Technology

[0002] Neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnets are the second strongest permanent magnets after holmium magnets at absolute zero, and are also the most commonly used rare-earth magnets. NdFeB magnets are widely used in electronic products such as hard drives, mobile phones, headphones, and battery-powered tools.

[0003] The manufacturing process of neodymium iron boron magnets involves multiple steps. The first step is to melt various raw materials to form ingots, and this melting must be carried out in a vacuum environment. Current vacuum melting methods typically involve melting in a vacuum furnace and then transferring the molten material to a vacuum chamber for cooling. However, in these methods, material is continuously fed during the changing of the loading container, resulting in some molten material not being collected before the next container arrives, leading to waste. Furthermore, vacuum melting generally employs static cooling, which is time-consuming and results in low production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material melting system.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material melting system, including a melting mechanism, a charging mechanism, a ventilation mechanism, a cooling mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a transmission mechanism, and a reset mechanism; the charging mechanism is located below the melting mechanism, and the ventilation mechanism is located in the melting mechanism and the charging mechanism; the cooling mechanism is located in the melting mechanism, and the reset mechanism and the transmission mechanism are both installed in the charging mechanism; the melting mechanism includes a vacuum furnace body, a sealed furnace cover is provided at the upper end of the vacuum furnace body, and an installation clip is provided at the middle position of the lower end inside the vacuum furnace body. A smelting furnace body is mounted on the mounting block, and an electric heating wire is installed inside the side wall of the smelting furnace body. A discharge column groove is set at the middle of the bottom of the smelting furnace body. An electrically controlled telescopic rod is installed at the bottom of the discharge column groove, and a discharge piston is fixedly connected to the upper end of the electrically controlled telescopic rod. The discharge piston is located in the discharge column groove. Several discharge channels are set on the side wall of the discharge column groove. The upper end of the discharge channel is the inlet, and the outlet of the discharge channel is located at the lower end of the outer side wall of the smelting furnace body. A feeding channel is set at the bottom of the vacuum furnace body, and the inlet of the feeding channel is located at the lower end of the mounting block.

[0006] Specifically, the loading mechanism includes a feeding chamber located at the lower end of the vacuum furnace body. A fixed guide plate is provided at the bottom of the feeding chamber, and a movable guide plate is provided on one side of the fixed guide plate. Two guide rails in the same direction are provided on the fixed guide plate and the movable guide plate. One side wall of the feeding chamber is configured as a sealed door, and the movable guide plate is located on the side where the sealed door is located. A sliding base plate is slidably installed on the fixed guide plate, and a groove adapted to the guide rail is provided at the bottom end of the sliding base plate. A limiting protrusion is provided at the middle position of the upper end of the sliding base plate, and a drive motor is installed in the limiting protrusion. The upper end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the middle position of the lower end of a rotating round block, and the rotating round block is clamped on the limiting protrusion.

[0007] Specifically, the loading mechanism further includes several loading slots at equal angles on the upper end of the rotating circular block. A limiting ring plate is installed in each loading slot, and a limiting through groove is installed on the outer wall of the loading slot at the lower end of the limiting ring plate, extending to the outer wall of the rotating circular block. A sliding block is inserted into the limiting ring plate, and a circular pad is installed on the upper end of the sliding block. A horizontal movable pressure block is vertically installed on the lower end of the sliding block, passing through the limiting through groove. The other end of the movable pressure block extends to the outer side of the rotating circular block. A top pressure spring is fitted on the sliding block, and both ends of the top pressure spring abut against the circular pad and the limiting ring plate, respectively. A loading tank is placed in each loading slot.

[0008] Specifically, the ventilation mechanism includes a vacuum channel disposed on the side wall of the vacuum furnace body and the feeding chamber, with a vacuum interface sealed at the outer end of the vacuum channel; a nitrogen filling channel is also disposed on the side wall of the vacuum furnace body, with a nitrogen filling interface sealed at the outer end of the nitrogen filling channel; a sealing groove is vertically disposed in the middle of the vacuum channel and the nitrogen filling channel, and a first telescopic rod is fixedly installed in the sealing groove, with a sealing plate fixedly connected to the front end of the first telescopic rod, the diameter of the sealing plate being larger than the diameter of the vacuum channel and the nitrogen filling channel.

[0009] Specifically, the cooling mechanism includes a water inlet on the outer wall of the vacuum furnace body, the water inlet being connected to one end of a first cooling channel located inside the side wall of the vacuum furnace body and surrounding the internal cavity of the vacuum furnace body; a second cooling channel is provided at the lower end of the first cooling channel, the second cooling channel surrounding the feeding channel, the outlet end of the second cooling channel being connected to the water outlet end of the first cooling channel, and the water outlet end of the first cooling channel being connected to a water outlet.

[0010] Specifically, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding funnel installed at the lower end of the feeding channel. An extension plate is horizontally arranged on one side of the lower end of the feeding funnel. A sealing groove is provided in the extension plate. A feeding slider is installed in the sealing groove. The diameter of the feeding slider is larger than the outlet diameter of the feeding funnel.

[0011] Specifically, the transmission mechanism includes a limiting slide groove disposed on the inner wall of the feeding chamber, the height of which corresponds to the highest position of the movable pressure block; the end of the limiting slide groove is connected to an energized slide groove; a guide block is disposed at the lower end of one side of the opening of the limiting slide groove, and a baffle is disposed on the other side of the opening of the limiting slide groove; the upper end of the guide block away from the baffle is configured with a wedge-shaped opening; a wedge-shaped slider is slidably installed in the limiting slide groove, the wedge-shaped opening of the wedge-shaped slider being located on the side away from the baffle; a limiting slide rod is fixedly connected to the end of the wedge-shaped slider, and a first spring is sleeved on the limiting slide rod; the end of the limiting slide rod extends into the energized slide groove, an insulating block is fixedly connected to the end of the limiting slide rod, a terminal is fixedly connected to the other side of the insulating block, and a point-contact slider is fixedly connected to the other end of the terminal; a point-contact fixing block is fixedly installed at the end of the energized slide groove away from the limiting slide groove.

[0012] Specifically, the transmission mechanism further includes an insulating mounting box fixedly installed on the upper part of the inner side wall of the feeding chamber. An electromagnetic block is fixedly installed in the insulating mounting box, with one end of the electromagnetic block extending to the outside of the insulating mounting box and opposite to the feeding slider. A copper wire is wound around one end of the electromagnetic block inside the insulating mounting box, and both ends of the copper wire pass through the outside of the insulating mounting box. A fixing block is provided between the electromagnetic block and the feeding slider. The fixing block is fixedly installed on the top of the feeding chamber, and a limiting groove is provided inside the fixing block. An insulating slide rod is slidably inserted in the fixing block. A pressure ring is provided in the middle of the insulating slide rod, and a second spring is sleeved on the insulating slide rod. Both the pressure ring and the second spring are sleeved in the limiting groove. One end of the insulating slide rod is fixedly connected to the feeding slider, and an iron block is fixedly installed at the other end of the insulating slide rod. The iron block is coaxially opposite to the electromagnet.

[0013] Specifically, the transmission mechanism also includes a battery installed on the outer wall of the unloading chamber, one end of the power-connecting copper wire is connected to the negative terminal of the battery, the other end of the power-connecting copper wire is fixedly connected to the terminal block, and the contact fixing block is connected to the positive terminal of the battery through the copper wire.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0015] (1) The movable guide plate can be flipped. When the movable guide plate is flipped to the horizontal state, the movable guide plate and the fixed guide plate form a sliding guide plate for the sliding base plate to slide. The sliding base plate can enter and exit the unloading chamber, which is convenient for loading and unloading.

[0016] (2) The sliding block is limited by the limiting ring plate, and the top pressure spring provides support for the sliding block, providing sufficient sliding space for the movable pressure block. The movable pressure block is limited by the limiting through groove to prevent it from rotating.

[0017] (3) The molten material in the vacuum furnace is cooled through the first cooling channel, and the molten material in the feeding channel is cooled through the second cooling channel to improve the cooling efficiency.

[0018] (4) By the contact relationship between the movable pressure block and the wedge-shaped slider, the point-contact slider is pushed to engage with the point-contact fixed block, thereby energizing the electromagnetic block and generating magnetic force; when the movable pressure block and the wedge-shaped slider disengage, under the action of the first spring, the point-contact slider and the point-contact fixed block disengage, the electromagnetic block is de-energized, and the magnetic force disappears; thus, the position of the feeding slider is controlled, that is, the timely opening and closing of the feeding funnel is controlled, thereby achieving: when the empty loading tank rotates to the lower end of the feeding funnel, the feeding funnel opens accordingly, thereby discharging material, and when the loading tank is loaded with a certain amount of material, the feeding funnel can be closed in time to avoid continuous material discharge during the loading tank change process, which would cause material waste. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 A front sectional view of a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material melting system provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point C;

[0024] Figure 5 This invention provides a top view of the loading mechanism;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point D.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Melting mechanism; 11. Vacuum furnace body; 12. Sealed furnace cover; 13. Mounting bracket; 14. Melting furnace body; 15. Electric heating wire; 16. Discharge column groove; 17. Electrically controlled telescopic rod; 18. Discharge piston; 19. Discharge channel; 110. Feeding channel; 2. Loading mechanism; 21. Feeding chamber; 22. Fixed guide plate; 23. Movable guide plate; 24. Guide rail; 25. Sealed chamber door; 26. Sliding... 27. Movable base plate; 28. Limiting protrusion; 29. ​​Drive motor; 20. Rotating round block; 210. Loading column groove; 211. Limiting ring plate; 212. Limiting through groove; 213. Sliding column block; 214. Circular pad; 215. Movable pressure block; 216. Top pressure spring; 217. Loading tank; 3. Ventilation mechanism; 31. Vacuum channel; 32. Vacuum interface; 33. Nitrogen filling channel; 34. Nitrogen filling interface; 35. 36. Sealing groove; 37. First telescopic rod; 4. Sealing plate; 4. Cooling mechanism; 41. Water inlet; 42. First cooling channel; 43. Second cooling channel; 44. Water outlet; 5. Feeding mechanism; 51. Feeding funnel; 52. Extension plate; 53. Sealing groove; 54. Feeding slider; 6. Transmission mechanism; 61. Limiting groove; 62. Power-on groove; 63. Guide block; 64. Baffle plate; 5. Wedge-shaped slider; 66. Limiting slider; 67. First spring; 68. Insulating block; 69. Terminal; 610. Point contact slider; 611. Point contact fixing block; 612. Insulating mounting box; 613. Electromagnetic block; 614. Connecting copper wire; 615. Fixing block; 616. Limiting post groove; 617. Insulating slider; 618. Abutting pressure ring; 619. Second spring; 620. Iron block; 621. Battery. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0028] like Figures 1-6As shown, the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material melting system of the present invention includes a melting mechanism 1, a charging mechanism 2, a ventilation mechanism 3, a cooling mechanism 4, a discharging mechanism 5, a transmission mechanism 6, and a reset mechanism 7. The charging mechanism 2 is located below the melting mechanism 1, and the ventilation mechanism 3 is located in both the melting mechanism 1 and the charging mechanism 2. The cooling mechanism 4 is located in the melting mechanism 1, and the reset mechanism 7 and the transmission mechanism 6 are both installed in the charging mechanism 2. The melting mechanism 1 includes a vacuum furnace body 11, with a sealed furnace cover 12 at the upper end of the vacuum furnace body 11. A mounting bracket 13 is located at the middle of the lower end of the vacuum furnace body 11, and a melting furnace body 14 is mounted on the mounting bracket 13. An electric heating wire 15 is installed inside the side wall of the melting furnace body 14. A discharge column groove 16 is located at the middle of the bottom end of the melting furnace body 14, and an electrically controlled telescopic rod 17 is installed at the bottom of the discharge column groove 16. The upper end of the electrically controlled telescopic rod 17 is fixedly connected to... A discharge piston 18 is connected to the furnace body 14. The discharge piston 18 is located in the discharge column groove 16. Several discharge channels 19 are provided on the side wall of the discharge column groove 16. The upper end of the discharge channel 19 is the inlet, and the outlet of the discharge channel 19 is located at the lower end of the outer side wall of the furnace body 14. A feeding channel 110 is provided at the bottom of the vacuum furnace body 11. The inlet of the feeding channel 110 is located at the lower end of the mounting block 13. The furnace body 14 is mounted on the upper end of the mounting block 13, and the lower end of the mounting block 13 is located on the side wall of the furnace body 14. The wall is provided with several through slots to facilitate the flow of molten metal into the feeding channel 110; the discharge channel 19 connects the discharge column 16 and the interior of the vacuum furnace body 11. After the metal melting inside the melting furnace body 14 is completed, the discharge piston 18 is driven by the electrically controlled telescopic rod 17 to retract to the lower end of the discharge column 16, so that the molten metal enters the discharge column 16 and flows into the vacuum furnace body 11 through the discharge channel 19, and then flows into the feeding channel 110.

[0029] Specifically, the charging mechanism 2 includes a feeding chamber 21 located at the lower end of the vacuum furnace body 11. A fixed guide plate 22 is provided at the bottom of the feeding chamber 21, and a movable guide plate 23 is provided on one side of the fixed guide plate 22. Two guide rails 24 in the same direction are provided on the fixed guide plate 22 and the movable guide plate 23. One side wall of the feeding chamber 21 is set as a sealed door 25, and the movable guide plate 23 is located on the side where the sealed door 25 is located. A sliding base plate 26 is slidably installed on the fixed guide plate 22. The bottom end of the sliding base plate 26 is provided with a groove that matches the guide rails 24. A limiting protrusion 27 is provided at the middle position of the upper end of the sliding base plate 26. A drive motor 28 is installed in the limiting protrusion 27. The end is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower end of a rotating round block 29, which is clamped onto the limiting protrusion 27. The movable guide plate 23 can be flipped. When the movable guide plate 23 is flipped to a horizontal state, the movable guide plate 23 and the fixed guide plate 22 form a sliding guide plate for the sliding base plate 26 to slide. The sliding base plate 26 can enter and exit the unloading chamber 21 for easy loading and unloading. The sliding base plate 26 is limited and guided by the guide rail 24. The bottom of the rotating round block 29 has a slot that matches the limiting protrusion 27. The two are engaged to prevent the rotating round block 29 from deflecting or moving. At the same time, the drive motor 28 can drive the rotating round block 29 to rotate on the sliding base plate 26.

[0030] Specifically, the loading mechanism 2 also includes several loading grooves 210 at the upper end of the rotating circular blocks 29 with equal angles. A limiting ring plate 211 is set inside the loading groove 210. A limiting through groove 212 is set on the outer wall of the loading groove 210 at the lower end of the limiting ring plate 211, and the limiting through groove 212 extends to the outer wall of the rotating circular blocks 29. A sliding block 213 is inserted into the limiting ring plate 211. A circular pad 214 is set on the upper end of the sliding block 213, and a horizontal pad is set vertically at the lower end of the sliding block 213. A movable pressure block 215 passes through the limiting slot 212, with its other end extending to the outside of the rotating circular block 29. A top pressure spring 216 is fitted onto the sliding column block 213, with its two ends abutting against the circular pad 214 and the limiting ring plate 211, respectively. A filling tank 217 is placed in each filling column slot 210. The limiting ring plate 211 limits the direction of the sliding column block 213, while the top pressure spring 216 provides support for the sliding column block 213, thus facilitating the movement of the rotating circular block 29. The movable pressure block 215 provides sufficient sliding space and is limited by the limiting slot 212 to prevent rotation. Simultaneously, the movable pressure block 215 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sliding column block 213, and the two slide synchronously. The filling tank 217 is adapted to the filling column groove 210 and placed on the circular pad 214. The filling column groove 210 prevents the filling tank 217 from tipping over. Furthermore, during the filling process, the weight change of the filling tank 217 causes the sliding column block 213 to slide downwards, thereby controlling the movement of the movable pressure block 215. The sliding of the pressure block 215: When the filling tank 217 is hollow, the top pressure spring 216 provides sufficient elastic force, and the movable pressure block 215 is located at the upper end of the limiting groove 212. As the filling tank 217 is filled with NdFeB solution, its weight increases, the top pressure spring 216 is compressed due to increased force, and the movable pressure block 215 will slide down along the limiting groove 212. When the filling is completed and the filling tank 217 is taken out, the upper end of the top pressure spring 216 loses pressure and will reset, thereby lifting the movable pressure block 215 back to its original position.

[0031] Specifically, the ventilation mechanism 3 includes a vacuum channel 31 installed on the side walls of the vacuum furnace body 11 and the feeding chamber 21, with a vacuum interface 32 sealed at the outer end of the vacuum channel 31; a nitrogen filling channel 33 is also installed on the side wall of the vacuum furnace body 11, with a nitrogen filling interface 34 sealed at the outer end of the nitrogen filling channel 33; a sealing groove 35 is vertically installed between the vacuum channel 31 and the nitrogen filling channel 33, and a first telescopic rod 36 is fixedly installed in the sealing groove 35. A sealing plate 37 is fixedly connected to the front end of the first telescopic rod 36, and the diameter of the sealing plate 37 is larger than the diameter of the vacuum channel 31 and the nitrogen filling channel 33; the vacuum interface 32 is connected to a vacuum pump, the nitrogen filling channel 33 is connected to a nitrogen filling device, and the sealing groove 35 is vertically installed between the vacuum channel 31 and the nitrogen filling channel 33. In channel 33, the extension and retraction of the sealing plate 37 is driven by the first telescopic rod 36. The first telescopic rod 36 is an electric telescopic rod. When NdFeB material smelting is required, the vacuum furnace body 11 and the feeding chamber 21 are first sealed to keep the sealing plate 37 sealed to the vacuum channel 31 and the nitrogen charging channel 33. Then, the sealing plate 37 in the vacuum channel 31 is retracted to open the vacuum channel 31 and evacuate the vacuum furnace body 11 and the feeding chamber 21. After the evacuation is completed, the sealing plate 37 in the vacuum channel 31 is extended to seal the vacuum channel 31. Then, the sealing plate 37 in the nitrogen charging channel 33 is retracted to open the nitrogen charging channel 33 and fill the vacuum furnace body 11 with nitrogen. After the nitrogen charging is completed, the nitrogen charging channel 33 is closed, and the material smelting can be carried out.

[0032] Specifically, the cooling mechanism 4 includes a water inlet 41 disposed on the outer wall of the vacuum furnace body 11. The water inlet 41 is connected to one end of the first cooling channel 42, which is located inside the side wall of the vacuum furnace body 11 and surrounds the internal cavity of the vacuum furnace body 11. A second cooling channel 43 is disposed at the lower end of the first cooling channel 42, which surrounds the feeding channel 110. The outlet end of the second cooling channel 43 is connected to the water outlet end of the first cooling channel 42, and the water outlet end of the first cooling channel 42 is connected to a water outlet 41. 4; The water inlet of the second cooling channel 43 is connected to the water inlet of the first cooling channel 42, and is connected to the water tank through the water inlet interface 41 to provide cooling water for the first cooling channel 42 and the second cooling channel 43. The molten material in the vacuum furnace body 11 is cooled through the first cooling channel 42, and the molten material in the feeding channel 110 is cooled through the second cooling channel 43 to improve cooling efficiency; The water outlet of the second cooling channel 43 is connected to the water outlet of the first cooling channel 42, and the water outlet interface 44 is connected to a water pipe to discharge the hot water in the two cooling channels.

[0033] Specifically, the feeding mechanism 5 includes a feeding funnel 51 installed at the lower end of the feeding channel 110. An extension plate 52 is horizontally arranged on one side of the lower end of the feeding funnel 51. A sealing groove 53 is provided in the extension plate 52. A feeding slider 54 is installed in the sealing groove 53. The diameter of the feeding slider 54 is larger than the outlet diameter of the feeding funnel 51. The feeding slider 54 is tightly fitted in the sealing groove 53. The sealing groove 53 limits and guides the feeding slider 54. At the same time, the diameter of the feeding slider 54 is larger than the outlet diameter of the feeding funnel 51. When the feeding slider 54 extends into the feeding funnel 51, the feeding funnel 51 is sealed to prevent the molten material from flowing down. When the feeding slider 54 retracts to the bottom of the sealing groove 53, the feeding funnel 51 is opened to allow feeding.

[0034] Specifically, the transmission mechanism 6 includes a limiting slide groove 61 disposed on the inner wall of the unloading chamber 21, the height of which corresponds to the highest position of the movable pressure block 215; the end of the limiting slide groove 61 is connected to an energized slide groove 62; a guide block 63 is disposed at the lower end of one side of the opening of the limiting slide groove 61, and a baffle plate 64 is disposed on the other side of the opening of the limiting slide groove 61; the upper end of the guide block 63 away from the baffle plate 64 is configured with a wedge-shaped opening; a wedge-shaped slider 65 is slidably installed in the limiting slide groove 61, the wedge-shaped opening of the wedge slider 65 being located on the side away from the baffle block; a limiting slide rod 66 is fixedly connected to the end of the wedge slider 65, and a first spring 67 is sleeved on the limiting slide rod 66; the end of the limiting slide rod 66 extends into the energized slide groove 62, and an insulating block 68 is fixedly connected to the end of the limiting slide rod 66, and a first spring 67 is fixedly connected to the other side of the insulating block 68. A terminal 69 is provided, with a touch slider 610 fixedly connected to the other end of the terminal 69. A touch fixing block 611 is fixedly installed at the end of the energized slide groove 62 away from the limiting slide groove 61. The height of the limiting slide groove 61 is the same as the height of the movable pressure block 215. When the rotating block 29 rotates clockwise, the movable pressure block 215 is guided to slide towards the limiting slide groove 61 by the guide block 63, ensuring that the movable pressure block 215 abuts against the wedge slider 65. After the wedge-shaped slider 65 comes into full contact, the movable pressure block 215 will be blocked by the blocking block 64, and the rotating round block 29 will stop rotating. At this time, the loading tank 217 is located directly below the discharge funnel 51. The wedge-shaped slider 65 is in contact and slides towards the energized slide groove 62. The first spring 67 is compressed, and the limiting slide rod 66 pushes the point contact slider 610 to slide towards the point contact fixing block 611 until the two engage and come into contact. The terminal 69 is isolated from the limiting slide rod 66 by the insulating block 68.

[0035] Specifically, the transmission mechanism 6 further includes an insulating mounting box 612 fixedly installed on the upper end of the inner wall of the unloading chamber 21. An electromagnetic block 613 is fixedly installed in the insulating mounting box 612, with one end of the electromagnetic block 613 extending to the outside of the insulating mounting box 612 and opposite to the unloading slider 54. A copper wire 614 is wound around one end of the electromagnetic block 613 inside the insulating mounting box 612, and both ends of the copper wire 614 pass through the outside of the insulating mounting box 612. A fixing block 615 is provided between the electromagnetic block 613 and the unloading slider 54. The fixing block 615 is fixedly installed on the top of the unloading chamber 21, and a limiting groove 616 is provided inside the fixing block 615. An insulating slide rod 617 is slidably inserted into the fixed block 615. A contact ring 618 is provided in the middle of the insulating slide rod 617. A second spring 619 is sleeved on the insulating slide rod 617. Both the contact ring 618 and the second spring 619 are sleeved in the limiting groove 616. One end of the insulating slide rod 617 is fixedly connected to the unloading slider 54, and an iron block 620 is fixedly installed at the other end of the insulating slide rod 617. The iron block 620 is coaxially opposite to the electromagnet. An insulating mounting box 612 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the unloading chamber 21 to isolate and protect the energized part of the electromagnet 613. The portion of the copper wire 614 winding on the electromagnet 613 to form a coil is exposed. The portion extending outside the insulating mounting box 612 is protected by an insulating layer; the insulating slide rod 617 is supported, limited, and guided by the limiting column groove 61; when the touch slider 610 engages with the touch fixing block 611, the connecting copper wire 614 is energized, the electromagnetic block 613 generates electromagnetic force, which produces magnetic attraction on the iron block 620. The iron block 620 drives the insulating slide rod 617 to slide towards the electromagnetic block 613. The insulating slide rod 617 drives the feeding slider 54, which is fixedly connected to the other end, to slide towards the extension plate 52 in the sealing groove 53. The feeding funnel 51 opens, and the molten solution flows downward into the loading tank 217. As the amount of solution loaded in the loading tank 217 increases, the lifting weight also increases, thereby pressing down the sliding column block 213 and the movable pressure block 21. 5. The slide moves down synchronously until it disengages from the baffle plate 64. The rotating round block 29 can continue to rotate. The wedge-shaped slider 65 will reset under the action of the first spring 67. At the same time, the limiting slide rod 66 drives the point contact slider 610 to disengage from the point contact fixing block 611. The power-connecting copper wire 614 is de-energized, the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic block 613 disappears, and under the elastic force of the second spring 619, the insulating slide rod 617 resets, the material discharge slider 54 resets, and the material discharge funnel 51 is resealed. This achieves the stopping of material discharge during the replacement of the loading tank 217. When the loading tank 217 rotates to directly below the material discharge funnel 51, the material discharge begins. This avoids the material waste problem caused by continuous material discharge during the replacement of the loading tank 217 in the prior art.

[0036] Specifically, the transmission mechanism 6 also includes a battery 621 mounted on the outer wall of the unloading chamber 21. One end of the copper wire 614 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery 621, and the other end of the copper wire 614 is fixedly connected to the terminal block 69. The contact fixing block 611 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery 621 via a copper wire. Mounting the battery 621 on the outer wall of the unloading chamber facilitates replacement or charging of the battery 621 and avoids exposure to the high temperatures inside the unloading chamber. One end of the copper wire 614 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery 621. The negative terminal of battery 621 is connected to the other end, and the positive terminal of battery 621 is connected to the contact fixing block 611. When the contact slider 610 engages with the contact fixing block 611, it is equivalent to connecting the copper wire 614 to the terminal 69 and the positive terminal of battery 621, so the copper wire 614 is energized, thereby causing the electromagnetic block 613 to generate electromagnetic force. Similarly, when the contact slider 610 disengages from the contact fixing block 611, the copper wire 614 is de-energized, and the electromagnetic block 613 loses its electromagnetic force.

[0037] In use, the electrically controlled telescopic rod 17 drives the discharge piston 18 to extend to the upper end of the discharge column groove 16, ensuring the bottom of the smelting furnace body 14 remains intact. Metal materials are then placed into the smelting furnace body 14 in sequence according to a certain ratio, and the sealing furnace cover 12 is closed. The feeding chamber 21 is opened, the movable guide plate 23 is rotated to a horizontal state, and the sliding bottom plate 26 is slid along the guide rail 24 onto the movable guide plate 23. Empty charging tanks 217 are placed in the charging column groove 210 in sequence. Then, the sliding bottom plate 26 is driven to slide to the innermost end of the fixed guide plate 22, the movable guide plate 23 is rotated, and the sealing chamber door 25 is closed.

[0038] After sealing the vacuum furnace body 11 and the feeding chamber 21, the sealing plate 37 seals the vacuum channel 31 and the nitrogen charging channel 33. Then, the sealing plate 37 in the vacuum channel 31 is contracted to open the vacuum channel 31, and the vacuum furnace body 11 and the feeding chamber 21 are evacuated. After the evacuation is completed, the sealing plate 37 in the vacuum channel 31 is extended to seal the vacuum channel 31. Then, the sealing plate 37 in the nitrogen charging channel 33 is contracted to open the nitrogen charging channel 33, and nitrogen is charged into the vacuum furnace body 11. After the nitrogen charging is completed, the nitrogen charging channel 33 is closed, and the electric heating wire 15 is energized to heat until the metal material in the melting furnace body 14 is completely melted and mixed.

[0039] The water inlet 41 is connected to the water tank to provide cooling water for the first cooling channel 42 and the second cooling channel 43. The discharge piston 18 is driven by the electrically controlled telescopic rod 17 to retract to the lower end of the discharge column groove 16, so that the molten metal enters the discharge column groove 16 and flows into the vacuum furnace body 11 through the discharge channel 19, and then flows into the discharge channel 110. The molten material in the vacuum furnace body 11 is cooled by the first cooling channel 42, and the molten material in the discharge channel 110 is cooled by the second cooling channel 43, so as to improve the cooling efficiency. The water outlet 44 is connected to the water pipe to discharge the hot water in the two cooling channels.

[0040] The drive motor 28 drives the rotating block 29 to rotate on the sliding base plate 26. The guide block 63 guides the movable pressure block 215 towards the limiting slide groove 61, ensuring that the movable pressure block 215 abuts against the wedge-shaped slider 65. After the movable pressure block 215 and the wedge-shaped slider 65 are fully in contact, the movable pressure block 215 is blocked by the stop block 64, and the rotating block 29 stops rotating. At this time, the loading tank 217 is directly below the discharge funnel 51; the wedge-shaped slider 65, being abutted, slides towards the energized slide groove 62, and the first spring... Spring 67 is compressed, and limiting slide rod 66 pushes contact slider 610 to slide towards contact fixing block 611 until the two engage and contact; the copper wire 614 is energized, and electromagnetic block 613 generates electromagnetic force, which generates magnetic attraction force on iron block 620. Iron block 620 drives insulating slide rod 617 to slide towards electromagnetic block 613. Insulating slide rod 617 drives the feeding slider 54 fixedly connected at the other end to slide towards extension plate 52 in sealing groove 53. Feeding funnel 51 opens, and molten solution flows downward into loading tank 217.

[0041] As the solution loaded in the filling tank 217 increases, the lifting weight also increases, thus pressing down the sliding block 213. The movable pressure block 215 moves down synchronously until it disengages from the baffle plate 64, allowing the rotating block 29 to continue rotating. Meanwhile, the wedge-shaped slider 65 resets under the action of the first spring 67, simultaneously disengaging the contact slider 610 from the contact fixing block 611 via the limiting slide rod 66. The power-connecting copper wire 614 is de-energized, the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic block 613 disappears, and under the elastic force of the second spring 619, the insulating slide rod 617 resets, the discharge slider 54 resets, and the discharge funnel 51 is resealed. This achieves the stopping of discharge during the replacement of the filling tank 217. When the material is rotated to the position directly below the feeding hopper 51, feeding begins to avoid continuous feeding during the replacement of the loading tank 217, which would cause material waste. Meanwhile, the drive motor 28 continues to drive the rotating block 29 to rotate on the sliding base plate 26 until the next movable pressure block 215 contacts the wedge slider 65, and feeding begins again. This process is repeated until feeding is complete. The feeding hopper 51 remains closed, the water supply is stopped, and the material is left to stand for a period of time until the molten material in the loading tank 217 has cooled down. The feeding chamber 21 and the sealed furnace cover 12 are then opened, the movable guide plate 23 is placed horizontally, and the sliding base plate 26 is driven to slide onto the movable guide plate 23. The loading tanks 217 on the rotating block 29 are then removed one by one.

[0042] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet material smelting system, comprising a smelting mechanism (1), a charging mechanism (2), an air exchange mechanism (3), a cooling mechanism (4), a discharging mechanism (5), a transmission mechanism (6) and a reset mechanism (7); characterized in that: The charging mechanism (2) is arranged below the smelting mechanism (1), the ventilation mechanism (3) is arranged in the smelting mechanism (1) and the charging mechanism (2); the cooling mechanism (4) is located in the smelting mechanism (1), and the reset mechanism (7) and the transmission mechanism (6) are both installed in the charging mechanism (2); the smelting mechanism (1) comprises a vacuum furnace body (11), a sealing furnace cover (12) is arranged at the upper end of the vacuum furnace body (11), an installation abutment (13) is arranged at the middle position of the lower end of the vacuum furnace body (11), a smelting furnace body (14) is installed on the installation abutment (13), and electric heating wires (15) are installed in the side wall of the smelting furnace body (14); a discharging column groove (16) is arranged at the middle position of the bottom of the smelting furnace body (14), an electric control telescopic rod (17) is installed at the bottom of the discharging column groove (16), a discharging piston (18) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the electric control telescopic rod (17), the discharging piston (18) is located in the discharging column groove (16), a plurality of discharging grooves (19) are arranged on the side wall of the discharging column groove (16), the upper end of the discharging groove (19) is an inlet, and the outlet of the discharging groove (19) is located at the lower end of the outer side wall of the smelting furnace body (14); a discharging passage (110) is arranged at the bottom end of the vacuum furnace body (11), and the inlet of the discharging passage (110) is located at the lower end of the installation abutment (13); The transmission mechanism (6) comprises a limiting sliding groove (61) arranged on the inner side wall of the discharging cabin (21), the height of the limiting sliding groove (61) corresponds to the highest position of the movable pressing block (215); the limiting sliding groove (61) is communicated with a power supply sliding groove (62) at the tail end; a guide block (63) is arranged at the lower end of one side of the slot of the limiting sliding groove (61), and a blocking plate (64) is arranged on the other side of the slot of the limiting sliding groove (61); the upper end of the side, away from the blocking plate (64), of the guide block (63) is arranged in a wedge-shaped opening; a wedge-shaped sliding block (65) is slidably installed in the limiting sliding groove (61), and the wedge-shaped opening of the wedge-shaped sliding block (65) is located on the side, away from the blocking plate; a limiting sliding rod (66) is fixedly connected to the tail end of the wedge-shaped sliding block (65), a first spring (67) is sleeved on the limiting sliding rod (66); the tail end of the limiting sliding rod (66) extends into the power supply sliding groove (62), an insulating block (68) is fixedly connected to the tail end of the limiting sliding rod (66), a terminal post (69) is fixedly connected to the other side of the insulating block (68), and a point contact sliding block (610) is fixedly connected to the other end of the terminal post (69); a point contact fixed block (611) is fixedly installed at the end, away from the limiting sliding groove (61), of the power supply sliding groove (62). The transmission mechanism (6) further comprises an insulating mounting box (612) fixedly installed on the upper end of the inner side wall of the discharging cabin (21), an electromagnetic block (613) is fixedly installed in the insulating mounting box (612), one end of the electromagnetic block (613) extends to the outside of the insulating mounting box (612) and is opposite to the discharging sliding block (54); the end of the electromagnetic block (613) located inside the insulating mounting box (612) is wound with an electric copper wire (614), both ends of the electric copper wire (614) are inserted into the outside of the insulating mounting box (612); a fixed block (615) is arranged between the electromagnetic block (613) and the discharging sliding block (54), the fixed block (615) is fixedly installed on the top of the discharging cabin (21), a limiting column groove (616) is arranged in the fixed block (615); an insulating sliding rod (617) is slidingly inserted in the fixed block (615), an abutting pressing ring (618) is arranged in the middle of the insulating sliding rod (617), a second spring (619) is sleeved on the insulating sliding rod (617), the abutting pressing ring (618) and the second spring (619) are sleeved in the limiting column groove (616); one end of the insulating sliding rod (617) is fixedly connected with the discharging sliding block (54), an iron block (620) is fixedly installed at the other end of the insulating sliding rod (617), the iron block (620) is coaxially opposite to the electromagnet; The loading mechanism further comprises a plurality of loading column grooves arranged at equal angles on the upper end of the rotating circular column, a limiting ring plate is arranged in the loading column groove, a limiting through groove is arranged on the outer side wall of the loading column groove at the lower end of the limiting ring plate, the limiting through groove penetrates to the outer side wall of the rotating circular column; a sliding column block is inserted into the limiting ring plate, a circular pad is arranged on the upper end of the sliding column block, a horizontal movable pressing block is vertically arranged at the lower end of the sliding column block; The discharging mechanism comprises a discharging hopper installed at the lower end of the discharging channel, an extension plate is horizontally arranged on one side of the lower end of the discharging hopper, a sealing sliding groove is arranged in the extension plate, and a discharging sliding block is installed in the sealing sliding groove.

2. The neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet material smelting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading mechanism (2) includes a lower discharge cabin (21) arranged at the lower end of the vacuum furnace body (11), a fixed guide plate (22) is arranged at the bottom end of the lower discharge cabin (21), one side of the fixed guide plate (22) is provided with a movable guide plate (23), two same direction guide rails (24) are arranged on the fixed guide plate (22) and the movable guide plate (23), one side wall of the lower discharge cabin (21) is arranged as a sealed cabin door (25), and the movable guide plate (23) is located at the side where the sealed cabin door (25) is located; a sliding bottom plate (26) is slidably installed on the fixed guide plate (22), and a sliding groove matched with the guide rail (24) is arranged at the bottom end of the sliding bottom plate (26); a limiting protrusion (27) is arranged at the upper end of the sliding bottom plate (26), a driving motor (28) is arranged in the limiting protrusion (27), and the upper end of the driving motor (28) is fixedly connected to the lower end of a rotating circular column (29) arranged in the middle of the limiting protrusion (27).

3. The neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet material smelting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable pressing block (215) is inserted into the limiting through groove (212), and the other end of the movable pressing block (215) extends to the outside of the rotating circular column (29); a pressing spring (216) is sleeved on the sliding column block (213), and the two ends of the pressing spring (216) abut against the circular pad plate (214) and the limiting ring plate (211) respectively; a loading tank (217) is arranged in each loading column groove (210).

4. The neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet material smelting system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air exchange mechanism (3) includes a vacuum channel (31) arranged on the side wall of the vacuum furnace body (11) and the lower discharge cabin (21), and a vacuum interface (32) is sealingly arranged at the outer side end of the vacuum channel (31); a nitrogen charging channel (33) is also arranged on the side wall of the vacuum furnace body (11), and a nitrogen charging interface (34) is sealingly arranged at the outer side end of the nitrogen charging channel (33); a sealing groove (35) is vertically arranged in the middle of the vacuum channel (31) and the nitrogen charging channel (33), a first telescopic rod (36) is fixedly installed in the sealing groove (35), a sealing plate (37) is fixedly connected to the front end of the first telescopic rod (36), and the diameter of the sealing plate (37) is greater than the diameter of the vacuum channel (31) and the nitrogen charging channel (33).

5. The neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet material smelting system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cooling mechanism (4) comprises a water inlet interface (41) arranged on the outer sidewall of the vacuum furnace body (11), the water inlet interface (41) is connected at one end of a first cooling channel (42), the first cooling channel (42) is arranged in the sidewall of the vacuum furnace body (11), and the first cooling channel (42) surrounds the internal cavity of the vacuum furnace body (11); a second cooling channel (43) is arranged at the lower end of the first cooling channel (42), the second cooling channel (43) surrounds the discharging channel (110), and the outlet end of the second cooling channel (43) is communicated to the water outlet end of the first cooling channel (42); and the water outlet end of the first cooling channel (42) is connected with a water outlet interface (44).

6. The neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet material smelting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the discharging sliding block (54) is greater than the diameter of the outlet of the discharging funnel (51).

7. The neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet material smelting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (6) further comprises a battery (621) mounted on the outer sidewall of the discharging cabin (21), one end of the electric copper wire (614) is connected with the negative electrode of the battery (621), the other end of the electric copper wire (614) is fixedly connected with the binding post (69), and the point contact fixed block (611) is connected with the positive electrode of the battery (621) through a copper wire.

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