Filling method and filling device for graphitization furnace body

Abstract

A graphitization furnace body filling method comprises the following steps that a cavity at the bottom of a furnace body is filled and compacted with a first layer of first heat preservation materials, crucibles are placed and positioned on the heat preservation materials one by one, gaps in the outer areas of the crucibles are filled and compacted with second heat preservation materials, cavities in the crucibles are filled and compacted with negative electrode carbon black materials, and the graphitization furnace body is formed. A layer of first heat preservation material is flatly laid and compacted on a structural body formed in the step 4 and the step 5, repeated filling is carried out, the operation from the step 3 to the step 6 is repeatedly executed to form a multi-layer graphitized structure, a resistor material barrel is placed and positioned on the first heat preservation material laid on the uppermost layer, and the outer area of the resistor material barrel is filled with the heat preservation material; the resistance material is filled and compacted in an inner cavity of the resistance material barrel, the filling height is limited to be flush with the end of the furnace body, the stage is executed in a circulating mode, and uninterrupted continuous feeding is achieved through material switching through a switching bin replacing mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of graphite battery equipment, specifically to a filling device and chamber changing method for filling square furnace body of batteries, which can achieve continuous, clean and precise filling of different powder materials. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of filling powder materials into the furnace, the filling operation not only requires stable material supply and uniform material distribution, but also must ensure the continuity and cleanliness of the chamber changing process. However, existing filling devices generally suffer from problems such as low chamber changing efficiency, inaccurate docking positioning, and insufficient dust control in practical applications.

[0003] Traditional single-compartment circulating filling methods require interrupting the filling operation after each switching compartment is emptied, causing the equipment to enter a shutdown and compartment-changing state. During the shutdown, operators need to move the empty compartment out and reconnect the new compartment below the discharge compartment, a process that usually takes a long time and relies heavily on manual intervention. Therefore, the entire system cannot operate continuously during the compartment-changing phase, resulting in periodic disturbances in the temperature and pressure fields within the furnace, which affects the powder distribution and the stability of the final process.

[0004] To improve bin-changing efficiency, some technical solutions propose connecting multiple transfer bins in series on a chain, allowing them to enter the working position sequentially. However, this series transmission method inherently features a linear sequence and irreversible switching, preventing the system from flexibly adjusting the bin order according to the process requirements of different materials, and also hindering parallel operation between bin removal and new bin entry. As chain length and load capacity increase, the accumulated elastic deformation of the chain drive further reduces docking accuracy, leading to problems such as increased deviation, wear on sealing surfaces, and material leakage after prolonged operation.

[0005] Another approach involves mounting the valve actuator directly at the bottom of the transfer chamber, creating an integrated transfer chamber structure. While this simplifies the connection between the chamber and the discharge chamber to some extent, the integrated structure significantly increases the chamber's weight. During movement, the increased weight places higher demands on the conveying mechanism's drive load and stability; simultaneously, the actuator, moving frequently with the chamber, is susceptible to vibration and cable drag, reducing reliability. More importantly, different materials or batches require separate actuators for each chamber, reducing system versatility and increasing maintenance costs.

[0006] Furthermore, powder is easily dispersed and susceptible to airflow disturbances. During chamber changing, the sealing surfaces in the valve area are highly prone to dust escape upon disengagement. Without simultaneous negative pressure dust extraction or follow-up collection methods, this not only pollutes the working environment but also exacerbates dust wear on the equipment and may pose safety risks. Therefore, effectively controlling dust propagation during chamber changing is another key problem that existing filling devices struggle to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a graphitization furnace body filling method and filling device with compact structure, convenient chamber changing, and easy maintenance. It enables the powder filling device to achieve rapid chamber changing without stopping the filling process, and maintains high-precision sealing and positioning during chamber changing and docking. At the same time, it effectively reduces dust escape, and enables the overall system to maintain stable operation under long-term and high-intensity working conditions.

[0008] Technical solution: 1. A method for filling a graphitization furnace body, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0009] Filling the bottom layer of insulation material: Fill and compact the first layer of insulation material (No. 1) in the bottom cavity of the furnace body.

[0010] Positioning crucibles: Place and position crucibles one by one on the first layer of the first insulation material.

[0011] Fill the outer insulation material of the crucible: Fill and compact the gaps in the outer area of ​​the crucible with a second type of insulation material, ensuring the filling height is flush with the top of the crucible.

[0012] Filling with negative electrode carbon black material: Negative electrode carbon black material is filled and compacted into the internal cavity of the crucible, with the filling height limited to being flush with the top of the crucible.

[0013] Laying the insulation material: On the structure formed in steps 4 and 5, lay and compact a layer of the first insulation material.

[0014] Repeated filling: Repeat steps 3 through 6 to form a multilayer graphitized structure.

[0015] Positioning the resistor material bucket: Place and position the resistor material bucket on the top layer of the first insulation material.

[0016] External insulation material for the filling barrel: The area outside the resistance material barrel is filled with and compacted with the second type of insulation material.

[0017] Resistive material inside the filling barrel: The resistive material is filled and compacted in the inner cavity of the resistive material barrel, and the filling height is limited to being flush with the end of the furnace body.

[0018] This phase is executed cyclically, and material switching is achieved through a switching mechanism in the conversion bin to ensure uninterrupted continuous material supply.

[0019] Initiating the chamber switching process: Based on the demand for the next material to be filled, the chamber switching mechanism is activated to perform the following continuous feeding actions: a. Transferring to a new chamber: The chamber containing the next material to be filled is lifted to the working platform by the chamber body elevator, and then transferred to the working channel or clearance area by the double-row switching chain conveyor. b. Docking and positioning: The chamber to be worked is transferred to the docking position below the discharge chamber. High-precision positioning and locking are achieved using the concave frame guide rail and docking position sensor. c. Connecting and feeding: The telescopic connector docks with the split docking gate valve at the bottom of the chamber, and the docking drive mechanism drives the pin to open the valve body, connecting the material to the discharge chamber. d. Switching to an empty chamber: When the current chamber is about to be emptied, the current empty chamber is moved to the clearance area by the double-row switching chain conveyor, and the next chamber to be loaded is simultaneously transferred into the working channel to achieve seamless connection.

[0020] This invention utilizes a dual-channel switching chain conveyor mechanism on the working platform, allowing two conversion chambers to be located in the working channel and a buffer zone, respectively. While one conversion chamber is in the discharge position performing a filling operation, the other can wait in the buffer zone. As the first conversion chamber is about to be emptied, the device uses the switching mechanism to move it to the buffer zone and automatically switches the second conversion chamber into the working channel, achieving seamless connection between the two chambers. Throughout the process, the discharge operation remains uninterrupted, ensuring the continuity of the filling process.

[0021] To avoid excessive weight affecting transmission and docking accuracy, this invention employs a split-type docking gate valve structure. The valve body is fixed to the bottom of the conversion chamber, while the actuator driving the gate's opening and closing is independently arranged on a fixed platform where the discharge chamber is located. During docking, the actuator aligns with the valve body through lateral and longitudinal fine-tuning mechanisms, and a stable power coupling relationship is formed through the rigid fit between the pin and the positioning hole, enabling reliable opening and closing of the gate after docking and locking. Since the actuator does not move with the chamber, the movement mass is significantly reduced, improving the stability of the chamber's movement, while simultaneously enhancing the reliability and versatility of the actuator.

[0022] A concave frame is installed between the docking chain conveyor and the fixed platform, allowing the upper part of the fixed platform to mechanically guide the transfer chamber as it enters the docking position via the guide rails of the concave frame. The guide structure fine-tunes the chamber, gradually eliminating errors during docking and thus ensuring greater stability in the docking position and attitude. Photoelectric sensors arranged inside the frame detect whether the chamber has entered the docking area and reached its final position. The sensor signals are linked to the control system, providing reliable triggering conditions for the actuators.

[0023] To accommodate furnace cavity structures of varying depths, this invention incorporates a telescopic discharge pipe below the discharge hopper, allowing for adjustments to the filling position to meet different height requirements. Simultaneously, a linked dust extraction pipe is positioned outside the discharge pipe, with a mechanical linkage ensuring the dust extraction port remains close to the discharge port. This maintains a stable local negative pressure environment in the material drop zone, enabling dust to be absorbed instantly upon generation and minimizing dispersion. Furthermore, this invention interlocks the discharge, dust extraction, and valve opening / closing actions within the control system, ensuring consistency between the dust removal process and material flow, thus forming a complete and coordinated control system.

[0024] A method for filling a square furnace body with material using a filling device includes the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: The first transfer bin feeds the material into the hopper via the discharge bin, feed pipe, and spreading auger.

[0026] Step 2: Change materials. The first transfer bin is moved to the avoidance area via a double-row switching chain conveyor.

[0027] Step 3: The second conversion chamber is lifted into the working platform by the lifting mechanism and enters the double-row switching chain conveyor. The double-row chain conveyor passes through the channel section and enters the docking chain conveyor input position. The gate valve below the second conversion chamber is opened to connect the second conversion chamber with the discharge chamber and input new material.

[0028] The first conversion chamber is used to input the first insulation material, and the second conversion chamber is used to input the second insulation material.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] Through the aforementioned structure and control methods, this invention achieves the overall technical benefits of continuous supply, rapid switching between multiple compartments, precise docking, clean filling, and heavy-duty adaptability. This structure can improve production continuity, reduce dust pollution, and lower equipment maintenance costs without altering the existing furnace layout, making it suitable for various powder filling scenarios, including battery materials and metallurgical powders. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the connection structure of each component of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 : A schematic diagram of the conversion chamber replacement structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 : Another structural schematic diagram of the conversion chamber replacement structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 : Another structural schematic diagram of the conversion chamber replacement structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 : A schematic diagram of the working platform of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 : A schematic diagram of the furnace body of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the split-type gate valve of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 : Another structural schematic diagram of the slide gate valve of the present invention.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0040] 1-Furnace body

[0041] 2-Filling device, 21-Discharge bin, 22-Discharge pipe, 23-Material spreading auger,

[0042] 3-Transfer compartment replacement mechanism, 31-Compartment body lifting machine,

[0043] 32 - Double-row switching chain conveyor; 33 - Channel section; 34 - Clearance area; 35 - Dating chain conveyor; 36 - Track rail.

[0044] 4-Split-type gate valve, 41-Valve body, 411-Gate plate, 412-Valve housing, 413-Guide wheel,

[0045] 42-Drive cylinder, 421-Pin, 422-Pin actuator, 423-Pin linkage seat

[0046] 5-Telescopic connector, 6-Dust suction pipe, 7-Conversion chamber, 8-Loading platform, 9-Working platform, 10-Concave frame, 11-Guide rail, 12-Diffuse reflection photoelectric sensor, 13-Docking photoelectric sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0048] It should be noted that the descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., in this invention are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] A method for filling a graphitization furnace body, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0051] Filling the bottom layer of insulation material: Fill and compact the first layer of insulation material (No. 1) in the bottom cavity of the furnace body.

[0052] Positioning crucibles: Place and position crucibles one by one on the first layer of the first insulation material.

[0053] Filling the outer insulation material of the crucible: Fill and compact the gaps in the outer area of ​​the crucible with the second insulation material. The filling height is limited to be flush with the top of the crucible. The first insulation material is a small particle insulation material and the second insulation material is a large particle insulation material.

[0054] Filling with negative electrode carbon black material: Negative electrode carbon black material is filled and compacted into the internal cavity of the crucible, with the filling height limited to being flush with the top of the crucible.

[0055] Laying the insulation material: On the structure formed in steps 4 and 5, lay and compact a layer of the first insulation material.

[0056] Repeated filling: Repeat steps 3 through 6 to form a multilayer graphitized structure.

[0057] Positioning the resistor material bucket: Place and position the resistor material bucket on the top layer of the first insulation material.

[0058] External insulation material for the filling barrel: The area outside the resistance material barrel is filled with and compacted with the second type of insulation material.

[0059] Resistive material inside the filling barrel: The resistive material is filled and compacted in the inner cavity of the resistive material barrel, and the filling height is limited to being flush with the end of the furnace body.

[0060] This phase is executed cyclically, and material switching is achieved through a switching mechanism in the conversion bin to ensure uninterrupted continuous material supply.

[0061] Initiating the chamber switching process: Based on the demand for the next material to be filled, the chamber switching mechanism is activated to perform the following continuous feeding actions: a. Transferring to a new chamber: The chamber containing the next material to be filled is lifted to the working platform by the chamber body elevator, and then transferred to the working channel or clearance area by the double-row switching chain conveyor. b. Docking and positioning: The chamber to be worked is transferred to the docking position below the discharge chamber. High-precision positioning and locking are achieved using the concave frame guide rail and docking position sensor. c. Connecting and feeding: The telescopic connector docks with the split docking gate valve at the bottom of the chamber, and the docking drive mechanism drives the pin to open the valve body, connecting the material to the discharge chamber. d. Switching to an empty chamber: When the current chamber is about to be emptied, the current empty chamber is moved to the clearance area by the double-row switching chain conveyor, and the next chamber to be loaded is simultaneously transferred into the working channel to achieve seamless connection.

[0062] The device of this invention is typically arranged in the working area above the furnace body 1. For example... Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the core of the device consists of three parts: first, a vertical conveying system located between the ground and the working platform 9, used to lift the loaded material transfer chamber 7 to the filling work area; second, a switching conveying system distributed in the plane of the working platform 9, used to move, avoid, and dock the transfer chamber 7 during the filling process; and third, a material discharge and dust removal coordination system, responsible for stably and cleanly conveying the material from the transfer chamber 7 to each hopper of the furnace body 1.

[0063] After being loaded with materials, the transfer bin 7 on the ground floor enters the vertical lifting channel via a chain conveyor located on the ground level. The bin elevator 31 lifts the transfer bin 7 vertically to the height of the working platform 9 using a chain or hydraulic telescopic mechanism. Once the transfer bin 7 is lifted to the platform, its bottom is planarly connected to the switching chain conveyor of the working platform 9, allowing it to move horizontally along the platform in preparation for the subsequent bin-changing process.

[0064] Specifically, it includes:

[0065] Furnace body 1, with multiple material bins inside, and filling device 2 located above furnace body 1 for filling the material bins inside furnace body 1.

[0066] The filling device 2 includes

[0067] The material spreading mechanism includes a discharge bin 21, a discharge pipe 22, and a material spreading auger 23. The discharge bin 21 is connected to the material spreading auger 23 through the discharge pipe 22. The material spreading auger 23 is used to spread the material in the bin.

[0068] The conversion chamber 7, configured as a hollow chamber, is used to connect with and supply materials to the discharge chamber 21, and is fixed to the loading platform 8.

[0069] Loading platform 8 is used to carry conversion compartment 7 and is located on working platform 9.

[0070] A working platform 9 is provided, which has a working channel for carrying and moving the conversion chamber 7. The working channel is equipped with a conversion chamber 7 changing mechanism 3 that drives the conversion chamber 7. This mechanism includes...

[0071] The double-row switching chain conveyor 32 is set on the working platform 9 and is divided into a channel section 33 and a clearance area 34. The feed end is connected to the bin body elevator 31 and is used for transfer or temporary storage of the conversion bin 7.

[0072] The hopper elevator 31 is used to lift the conversion hopper 7 from the ground to the work platform 9.

[0073] The docking chain conveyor 35 is fixed to the loading platform 8 and docks with the double-row switching chain conveyor 32 to drive the conversion bin 7 to move and transfer the conversion bin 7 to below the discharge bin 21;

[0074] Telescopic connector 5 is located on the top of the discharge hopper 21 and can be raised and lowered vertically for docking with the conversion hopper 7.

[0075] The telescopic connector 5 is located at the top of the discharge hopper 21 and can be raised and lowered vertically for docking with the conversion hopper 7. Its design increases the system's flexibility, allowing it to adapt to different height requirements. Simultaneously, a dust suction pipe 6 is arranged outside the discharge pipe and linked to it. A mechanical linkage ensures that the dust suction port is always close to the discharge port, maintaining a stable local negative pressure environment in the material falling area and effectively controlling dust.

[0076] Once the transfer bin 7 reaches the working platform 9, its movement no longer relies on the vertical system but is taken over by the double-row switching chain conveyor 32 arranged on the platform. This mechanism has two parallel channels: one serves as the working channel, directly pointing to the docking position of the discharge bin 21; the other serves as a buffer zone 34, used for temporarily storing spare transfer bins 7. The switching of the transfer bin 7 between the two channels is achieved through a switching and steering device on the chain conveyor. This dual-channel setup allows one transfer bin 7 to complete its position preparation in the buffer zone 34 while one transfer bin 7 is performing a filling task, without waiting for the previous transfer bin 7 to completely exit before entering the next cycle.

[0077] The essence of the switching process is that, just before the material in the switching bin 7, which is currently in the working channel, is about to be emptied, the control system will initiate the switching action in advance based on the material level signal. The switching action first moves the working bin backward along the working channel, and during the withdrawal process, the working bin gradually enters the avoidance zone 34;

[0078] Meanwhile, the next conversion bin 7, which had been waiting in the avoidance zone 34, turns along the switching path and enters the working channel. During the relative movement of the two conversion bins 7, the guiding structure of the chain conveyor mechanism keeps the bins in a stable position, ensuring a smooth switching process. This dual-row parallel structure ensures that there is always a material bin above the discharge bin 21 throughout the entire process, preventing downtime and waiting.

[0079] The chain conveyor inside the elevator is used to receive the transfer bin 7 on the ground and transfer it to the bin body elevator 31; the feed end of the bin body elevator 31 is connected to the chain conveyor inside the elevator, and is used to vertically lift the transfer bin 7 to the working platform 9.

[0080] The silo hoist 31 is hydraulically driven and can smoothly and vertically lift the conversion silo 7, weighing several tons, to the height of the working platform 9. The hydraulic system is equipped with precision pressure sensors and position feedback devices, and closed-loop control ensures the smoothness and accuracy of the lifting process.

[0081] A split-type docking gate valve 4 is provided, including a valve body 41 fixed to the bottom of the conversion chamber 7, a docking drive 42, and a pin 421 connecting mechanism. The valve body 41 closes the conversion chamber 7 above and docks with the telescopic docking joint 5 below, which is used to connect the conversion chamber 7 with the discharge chamber 21.

[0082] The valve body 41 includes a slide plate 411 and a valve housing 412. The valve housing 412 is matched with the outlet of the conversion chamber 7. The slide plate 411 is connected and fixed with the pin 421 connection mechanism. The docking drive 42 drives the pin 421 connection mechanism to move, thereby moving the slide plate 411, thereby opening or closing the valve body 41.

[0083] The pin 421 connection mechanism includes a pin 421, a pin driver 422, and a pin linkage seat 423. The pin 421 corresponds to the positioning hole provided on the insertion plate 411. The pin driver 422 drives the pin 421 to move up and down, inserting into or disengaging from the positioning hole. The pin linkage seat 423 is connected to the docking drive 42 mechanism.

[0084] After the conversion chamber 7 reaches the docking position, the core operation of the filling system begins. Unlike traditional integrated structures, this invention separates the valve body 41 from the actuator, so that only the valve body 41 remains at the bottom of the conversion chamber 7. The valve body 41 includes a slide plate 411, a valve housing 412, and guide wheels 413, etc., to ensure the smooth sliding of the slide plate 411 within the valve body 41. The actuator corresponding to the valve body 41 is arranged on the loading platform 8 and forms a movable structure through guide rods, fixed seats, and drive cylinders.

[0085] To achieve stable power transmission, this invention incorporates a mating structure between a pin 421 and a positioning hole between the valve body 41 and the actuator. At the start of the docking operation, the actuator first moves its actuating end to a coaxial position with the valve body 41 via a lateral and longitudinal adjustment mechanism. Subsequently, the pin 421, driven by the actuator, extends into the positioning hole on the valve body 41's insert plate 411. After the pin 421 enters the positioning hole, a rigid connection is formed between the valve body 41 and the actuator, allowing the actuator's pushing force to directly act on the insert plate 411, thus achieving stable opening of the insert plate 411.

[0086] After the gate plate 411 is opened, the material inside the conversion chamber 7 flows into the discharge chamber 21 through the opening at the bottom of the valve body 41. Since the actuator does not move with the conversion chamber 7, its overall structural mass is greatly reduced, and the load-bearing and movement of the chamber are thus more stable.

[0087] The docking drive mechanism includes a drive cylinder 42, a guide rod, and a fixed seat. The drive cylinder 42 drives the fixed seat to move along the guide rod. The fixed seat is fixed to the pin linkage seat 423. The pin linkage seat 423 moves along the guide rod. The pin linkage seat 423 is located between two guide rods. The two guide rods are distributed and connected to the two drive cylinders 42 and the two fixed seats.

[0088] The conversion chamber 7 and the replacement mechanism 3 also include a concave frame 10. The docking chain conveyor 35 includes two parallel conveyor chain plates. The sprocket drives the conveyor chain plates to move. A support rail 36 is provided below the conveyor chain plates and contacts the conveyor chain plates. When the loading platform 8 is conveyed to the two conveyor chain plates by the double-row switching chain conveyor 32, the conveyor chain plates will convey the loading platform 8 to the concave frame 10.

[0089] The concave frame 10 is provided with guide rails 11 located above the conveyor chain plate and in contact with the upper part of the loading platform 8 to guide the loading platform 8.

[0090] Once the backup conversion bin 7 is switched to the working channel, it needs to move further to the docking position below the discharge bin 21. At this time, its movement is taken over by the docking chain conveyor 35. The docking chain conveyor 35 adopts a structure of two parallel chain plates, and a load-bearing rail 36 is set below the chain plates to ensure that the load-bearing platform can still operate smoothly under heavy load.

[0091] A concave frame 10 structure is provided at the end of the docking chain conveyor 35. This frame, in its geometry, encloses the bin platform. After the transfer bin 7 enters the concave frame 10, its upper frame contacts the upper part of the bin platform, creating a mechanical guiding effect and automatically correcting minor deviations in the bin during transport. As the bin approaches its final position, photoelectric sensors located inside the frame detect the bin's sidewalls or light-shielding plates. These sensors send a signal back to the control system, confirming that the bin has reached the docking position and triggering subsequent docking actions. This multi-stage guidance and detection ensures high repeatability of the final posture and position of the transfer bin 7, creating conditions for precise meshing of the docking structure.

[0092] An inlet detection sensor is also provided, which is a diffuse reflection photoelectric sensor 12, located inside the inlet section of the concave frame 10, to detect the sensing plate on the side of the loading platform 8.

[0093] It is also equipped with a docking position sensor, which is a through-beam photoelectric sensor 13, located inside the concave frame 10. A light shield is provided at the tail of the loading platform 8. When the loading platform 8 is in position, it completely blocks the beam of the through-beam photoelectric sensor and triggers locking.

[0094] After the material enters the discharge hopper 21, it needs to be further conveyed to different hoppers inside the furnace body 1 through the discharge mechanism. This invention, by setting a retractable discharge pipe structure, allows the discharge port to adapt to different heights and positions inside the furnace body 1. When the discharge pipe extends into the furnace body 1, the externally installed dust suction pipe 6 moves synchronously with the discharge pipe through a linkage structure, ensuring that the dust suction port is always close to the discharge port. The dust suction port remains synchronized during the extension, retraction, or height change of the discharge pipe, effectively collecting the dust generated during discharge.

[0095] The dust collection system uses negative pressure to draw dust into the dust removal unit. The entire dust collection process is interlocked with the material discharge action, ensuring that the dust collection function is activated only during material flow, thereby improving dust collection efficiency and reducing energy consumption. This coordinated action of material discharge and dust removal significantly reduces the risk of dust escape during the changing and docking stages.

[0096] The coordinated operation of the aforementioned structures relies on the timing management and logical judgment of the control system. The control system acquires data and performs logical control of the elevator, chain conveyor, actuators, discharge pipe, dust collection structure, and sensors. Interlocking between these mechanisms ensures that actions such as chamber switching, docking, discharge, and dust removal are executed sequentially under safe conditions. For example, the discharge mechanism will not start until docking is fully completed, the dust collection structure will establish negative pressure before discharge begins, and chamber switching can only begin after the previous switching chamber 7 has completely exited the working channel. Through these methods, the entire filling system exhibits a continuous, stable, safe, and highly reliable operating state.

[0097] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for filling a graphitization furnace body, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Filling the bottom layer of insulation material: Fill and compact the first layer of insulation material (No. 1) in the bottom cavity of the furnace body. Positioning crucibles: Place and position crucibles one by one on the first layer of the first insulation material. Fill the outer insulation material of the crucible: Fill and compact the gaps in the outer area of ​​the crucible with a second type of insulation material, ensuring the filling height is flush with the top of the crucible. Filling with negative electrode carbon black material: Negative electrode carbon black material is filled and compacted into the internal cavity of the crucible, with the filling height limited to being flush with the top of the crucible. Laying the insulation material: On the structure formed in steps 4 and 5, lay and compact a layer of the first insulation material. Repeated filling: Repeat steps 3 through 6 to form a multilayer graphitized structure. Positioning the resistor material bucket: Place and position the resistor material bucket on the top layer of the first insulation material. External insulation material for the filling barrel: The area outside the resistance material barrel is filled with and compacted with the second type of insulation material. Resistive material inside the filling barrel: The resistive material is filled and compacted in the inner cavity of the resistive material barrel, and the filling height is limited to being flush with the end of the furnace body. This phase is executed cyclically, and material switching is achieved through a switching mechanism in the conversion bin to ensure uninterrupted continuous material supply. Initiating the chamber switching process: Based on the demand for the next material to be filled, the chamber switching mechanism is activated to perform the following continuous feeding actions: a. Transferring to a new chamber: The chamber containing the next material to be filled is lifted to the working platform by the chamber body elevator, and then transferred to the working channel or clearance area by the double-row switching chain conveyor. b. Docking and positioning: The chamber to be worked is transferred to the docking position below the discharge chamber. High-precision positioning and locking are achieved using the concave frame guide rail and docking position sensor. c. Connecting and feeding: The telescopic connector docks with the split docking gate valve at the bottom of the chamber, and the docking drive mechanism drives the pin to open the valve body, connecting the material to the discharge chamber. d. Switching to an empty chamber: When the current chamber is about to be emptied, the current empty chamber is moved to the clearance area by the double-row switching chain conveyor, and the next chamber to be loaded is simultaneously transferred into the working channel to achieve seamless connection.

2. A filling apparatus using the filling method of claim 1, characterized in that, include: The furnace body contains multiple hoppers, and a filling device is located above the furnace body to fill the hoppers with material. The filling device includes The material spreading mechanism includes a discharge bin, a discharge pipe, and a material spreading auger. The discharge bin is connected to the material spreading auger through the discharge pipe. The material spreading auger is used to spread the material in the bin. The conversion bin, designed as a hollow bin, is used to connect with and supply material to the discharge bin, and is fixed to a fixed platform. The fixed platform is used to hold the conversion compartment and is located on the work platform. A working platform is set up, which has a conveyor path for carrying and moving the conversion chamber. The conveyor path is equipped with a conversion chamber changing mechanism that drives the conversion chamber. A double-row switching chain conveyor is set on the working platform and is divided into a channel section and a clearance area. The feed end is connected to the bin elevator and is used for transfer or temporary storage of the switching bin. The silo lift is used to lift the conversion silo from the ground to the work platform. A docking chain conveyor is fixed to a fixed platform and docks with the double-row switching chain conveyor to drive the conversion bin to move and transfer the conversion bin to below the discharge bin; A telescopic connector is located on the top of the discharge hopper and can be raised and lowered vertically for docking with the conversion hopper.

3. A filling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The chain conveyor inside the elevator is used to receive the transfer bin on the ground and transfer it to the bin body elevator; the feed end of the bin body elevator is connected to the chain conveyor inside the elevator, which is used to vertically lift the transfer bin to the working platform.

4. The filling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A split-type docking gate valve is provided, including a valve body fixed to the bottom of the conversion chamber, a docking drive, and a positioning mechanism. The valve body closes the conversion chamber above and docks with a telescopic connector below, which is used to connect the conversion chamber and the discharge chamber.

5. The filling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The valve body includes a slide plate and a valve housing. The valve housing is matched with the outlet of the conversion chamber. The slide plate is connected and fixed to the positioning mechanism. The docking drive drives the positioning mechanism to move, thereby moving the slide plate, thus opening or closing the valve body.

6. The filling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The positioning mechanism includes a pin, a pin driver, and a pin linkage seat. The pin corresponds to a positioning hole provided on the insertion plate. The pin driver drives the pin to move up and down, inserting into or disengaging from the positioning hole. The pin linkage seat is connected to the docking drive mechanism.

7. The filling device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The docking drive mechanism includes a drive cylinder, a guide rod, and a fixed seat. The drive cylinder drives the fixed seat to move along the guide rod. The fixed seat is fixed to the pin linkage seat. The pin linkage seat moves along the guide rod and is located between two guide rods. The two guide rods are distributed and connected to two drive cylinders and two fixed seats.

8. The filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conversion chamber replacement mechanism also includes a concave frame. The docking chain conveyor includes two parallel conveyor chain plates. The drive sprocket drives the conveyor chain plates to move. A support rail is provided below the conveyor chain plates and contacts the conveyor chain plates. When the fixed platform is conveyed to the two conveyor chain plates by the double-row switching chain conveyor, the conveyor chain plates will convey the fixed platform to the concave frame. The concave frame is equipped with guide rails located above the conveyor chain plate, which contact the upper part of the fixed platform to guide the fixed platform.

9. The filling device according to claim 8, characterized in that, An entrance detection sensor is also provided. It is a diffuse reflection photoelectric sensor located inside the entrance section of the concave frame to detect the sensing plate on the side of the fixed platform.

10. The filling device according to claim 8, characterized in that, It is also equipped with a docking positioning sensor, which is a through-beam photoelectric sensor located inside the concave frame. A light-shielding plate is set at the tail of the fixed platform. When the fixed platform is in position, it completely blocks the beam of the through-beam photoelectric sensor, triggering locking.

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