A screw anti-vibration support device and a machine tool comprising the same

Abstract

The application discloses a screw anti-shaking supporting device and a machine tool comprising the device, which comprises a screw movably arranged at both ends of a main frame, a movable part, a first control part arranged on the movable part, a second control part, and a screw supporting part connected with the second control part; when the first control part is separated from and contacted with the second control part during the movement of the movable part, the screw supporting part is firstly in engagement with the screw to provide support for the screw when the first control part is separated from the second control part; when the first control part is contacted with the second control part, the first control part drives the second control part to move away from the screw in a direction perpendicular to the screw, thereby driving the screw supporting part to separate from the screw, and ensuring that the movable part passes through the engagement position of the screw supporting part and the screw along the screw; the screw supporting part can provide support for the screw in a high-speed rotating state of the screw, thereby preventing the screw from shaking; the screw is temporarily released from the support when passing through the supporting position, and the support is continuously provided after the screw passes through the supporting position, thereby effectively preventing the problem of lack of support and shaking in the middle of the rotating screw.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of high-speed rotating screw anti-shake technology in mechanical transmission, and particularly relates to a screw anti-shake supporting device and a machine tool comprising the same. BACKGROUND

[0002] The ball screw is the most commonly used transmission element in tooling machinery and precision machinery, and its main function is to convert rotary motion into linear motion or convert torque into axial repeated force, while having the characteristics of high precision, reversibility and high efficiency, and is particularly widely used in the field of numerical control machine tools, etc. When the ball screw pair is applied to a walking mechanism with a large stroke, the amplitude of vibration is larger at the position closer to the middle of the screw due to the large span of the screw under the action of its own gravity and the rotating force generated by the rotation of the screw, thereby affecting the precision, aggravating the wear of the screw and reducing the service life.

[0003] The existing screw anti-shake design is as follows: containing a matched screw and a screw nut, the two ends of the screw are horizontally connected to the machine tool platform, the floating supporting structure comprises a fixed-point supporting plate, a floating supporting seat and a return reset seat, the fixed-point supporting plate is fixed below the middle of the screw on the machine tool platform, a track parallel to the screw is arranged on the fixed-point supporting plate, trapezoidal bosses are arranged on both sides of the track, the floating supporting seat is connected to the fixed-point supporting plate, the upper part of the floating supporting seat is an annular sleeve which can be sleeved on the screw, the diameter of the annular sleeve is larger than the diameter of the screw, the lower part of the floating supporting seat is a sliding block structure, the sliding block is matched with the track on the fixed-point supporting plate, the height of the sliding block is matched with the horizontal height of the screw, protruding reset blocks are arranged on both sides of the sliding block, the return reset seat is fixed at the bottom of the screw nut, two parallel reset claws are hinged on the return reset seat, the distance between the two reset claws is matched with the width of the sliding block of the floating supporting seat, the reset claw can be lifted around the hinge shaft, the front end of the reset claw is hook-shaped and matched with the reset blocks on both sides of the lower sliding block of the floating supporting seat, the outer side of the reset claw is provided with a roller which is matched with the trapezoidal bosses on both sides of the track of the fixed-point supporting plate.

[0004] In order to improve the working efficiency of the machine tool and the like, the rotating speed of the screw may be increased, thereby increasing the speed of the tool head moving on the screw. In the case of high rotating speed of the screw, the probability of vibration at the middle position of the screw is relatively high. In the process of anti-shake of the above-mentioned device, the screw is mainly supported by the fixed-point supporting plate and the floating supporting seat. In order to ensure the stroke of the screw nut, the fixed-point supporting plate is arranged at the position close to the two ends of the screw, and the supporting effect of the fixed-point supporting plate on the middle position of the screw is relatively limited. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a kind of screw anti-shake support device, including two ends movably arranged in main frame on screw, and movably arranged in the movable part of main frame slide rail for installation to tool bit, the movable part is driven by screw and moves along slide rail;It further includes the first control part arranged on the movable part, at least one second control part, and the screw support part connected with the second control part;First control part is touched with the second control part in the same horizontal plane and on the same line during the movement of movable part, so as to control the second control part to make telescopic motion perpendicular to the direction of screw;When first control part and second control part are in the state of separation, second control part is in the state of extension, and screw support part is engaged with screw to provide support for screw;When first control part and second control part are in the process from contact to separation, first control part touches second control part, and first control part drives second control part to move away from screw in the direction perpendicular to screw, so as to drive screw support part to separate from screw, to ensure that the movable part passes through the engagement of screw support part and screw along screw.

[0006] Further as a preferred scheme of the present application, the screw support part is cylindrical, and the screw support part includes an engagement end, a positioning flange, and a connecting end connected with the second control part, wherein the end face of the engagement end is provided with a clamping groove for accommodating the screw, the positioning flange is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder, and an insertion slot is axially opened on the end face of the connecting end, and a long hole is obliquely arranged on the side wall of the insertion slot.

[0007] Further as a preferred scheme of the present application, the first control part is a sliding block A arranged on the movable part, and the two ends of the sliding block A are inclined surfaces or arc surfaces, so as to ensure that the first control part smoothly slides along the second control part when the first control part and the second control part are touched.

[0008] Further as a preferred scheme of the present application, the second control part includes a bracket, a sliding block B, a support rod movably connected with the connecting end of the screw support part at one end and fixedly connected with the sliding block B at the other end, and a reset spring sleeved on the support rod.

[0009] Further as a preferred scheme of the present application, one end of the support rod passes through the guide hole on the bracket and is fixedly connected with the sliding block B, and the other end is inserted into the clamping groove on the screw support part and movably connected with the support rod through the cooperation of the pin shaft and the long hole.

[0010] Further as a preferred scheme of the present application, one end of the sliding block B is fixedly connected with the support rod, and the other end extends to the same horizontal plane as the first control part and is located on the track of the first control part.

[0011] Further, as a preferred scheme of the present application, the two long holes are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the slot with respect to the axis of the supporting part, and the two long holes have complementary angles of inclination. When the pin shaft moves linearly with the rod during the extension or contraction of the rod, the pin shaft moves in the long hole to generate pressure or thrust on the inclined wall of the long hole in the same direction of rotation, thereby driving the screw supporting part to rotate.

[0012] Further, as a preferred scheme of the present application, the width of the slot of the clamping groove is greater than the diameter of the screw, and a wedge-shaped groove is arranged on the bottom of the slot.

[0013] Further, as a preferred scheme of the present application, the screw supporting part is made of tin bronze.

[0014] Another aspect of the present application provides a machine tool, which comprises a machine frame, a tool head, a control module, a power module, and the screw anti-shake supporting device according to any one of the schemes.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: the first control part moves with the movable part, the second control part and the screw supporting part are fixed relative to the screw and are arranged at a position where the screw is prone to shake, and the first control part and the second control part are in two states of separation and contact during the movement of the screw driving movable part on the screw. When the two control parts are in the state of separation, the second control part controls the screw supporting part to be in the extended state and to be engaged with the screw, thereby providing support for the screw. When the two control parts are in the state of contact, the first control part controls the second control part by collision, thereby controlling the screw supporting part to be in the retracted state and to be separated from the screw, thereby temporarily releasing the support. After that, the screw supporting part restores the engagement state to continue to provide support. The whole movement process makes the screw basically in the state of being supported, and the device has a significant anti-shake effect and can effectively ensure the range of the movable part on the screw. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a front structure diagram of the present application.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a back structure diagram of the present application.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional structure diagram of the second control part and the screw supporting part in the supporting state.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional structure diagram of the second control part and the screw supporting part in the state of releasing the support.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a side structure diagram of the second control part and the screw supporting part in the supporting state.

[0021] Figure 6 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a screw rod supporting part of the present application.

[0022] Figure 7 Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a movable part and a first control part of the present application.

[0023] Figure 8 Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a supporting part of the present application. Figure 2 Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged structural schematic diagram of A in Fig. 3.

[0024] Figure 9 Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a supporting part of the present application. Figure 2 Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged structural schematic diagram of B in Fig. 5.

[0025] In the above-mentioned figures, the reference signs are as follows: 1 main frame, 2 screw rod, 3 slide rail, 4 movable part, 5 first control part, 61 supporting part, 62 slide block B, 63 supporting part pull rod, 631 guide strip, 64 reset spring, 71 clamping end, 72 positioning flange, 73 connecting end, 74 clamping groove, 75 insertion slot, 76 long slot, 77 wedge-shaped slot, 78 pin shaft, 8 bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0027] As Figures 1-2As shown, the screw anti-shaking support device of the present application comprises a screw 2 arranged on a main frame 1, and a movable part 4 for mounting a tool bit, such as a cutting tool bit of a milling machine, movably arranged on a slide rail 3 of the main frame 1, both ends of the screw 2 are movably fixed on both ends of the main frame 1 through bearings 8, and the screw 2 is driven to rotate by a motor, the screw 2 drives the movable part 4 to move along the slide rail 3, the device provides a support clamping force for the screw by arranging at least one screw support part for supporting the screw on the main frame 1 between both ends of the screw 2, during the linear motion of the movable part 4 along the screw 2 and the slide rail 3 under the driving of the screw 2, the first control part 5 moves synchronously with the movable part 4, and there are two states of contact and separation between the first control part 5 and the second control part during the movement, in the contact state, the first control part 5 controls the second control part to make a retracting motion perpendicular to the direction of the screw, during the retracting motion, the second control part retracts through the support part pull rod 63, when the support part pull rod 63 linearly retracts, the screw support part rotates while retracting under the action of the long slot hole 76 on the wall of the insertion slot 75 and the pin shaft 78 for movably connecting the insertion slot 75 and the support part pull rod 63, so as to separate the clamping groove 74 and the screw 2 and release the support, the retraction of the screw support part provides a space for the movable part 4 to move through the support of the screw support part, during this process, the screw support part will temporarily release the support for the screw 2, if the device is provided with only one screw support part, it means that the shaking of the screw 2 is relatively light, and the temporary release of the support for the screw 2 has relatively small influence; if a plurality of screw support parts are provided, when the movable part 4 passes through the support part, the screw support parts on both sides of the release position can provide support for the screw 2 to reduce the shaking problem caused by the temporary release of the support (when the movable part 4 passes through the screw support parts arranged at both ends, one side provides support through the screw end bearing 8 and the other side provides support through the screw support part), that is, the screw support part controls the clamping and separation of the screw 2 through the first control part 5 arranged on the movable part 4 and the second control part connected with the screw support part, and realizes the support and the release of the support.

[0028] Further, the number of screw support parts can be determined according to the length of the screw 2 and the shaking of the screw caused by the rotating speed of the screw 2 during work, if the rotating speed of the screw 2 is low and the length of the screw 2 is relatively short, only one screw support part can be arranged to provide support for the screw 2; if the length of the screw 2 is relatively long and the rotating speed of the screw 2 during work is relatively high, at least two screw support parts can be arranged to provide support for the screw.

[0029] As Figure 7As shown in the drawings, the first control part is a slider A arranged on the movable part. The slider A can be integrally formed with the movable part 4 or welded to the movable part 4. The two ends of the slider A are provided with arc surfaces or inclined surfaces to ensure smooth sliding of the second control part during the process of removing the contact with the slider A. In order to prevent the movable part 4 from colliding with the screw support part when the movable part passes through the support part, the arc surfaces or inclined surfaces at the two ends of the slider A are extended to the two sides of the slider A, so that the actual width of the slider A is greater than the width of the movable part 4.

[0030] As shown in the drawings, Figures 3-5 The second control part includes a support part pull rod 63 arranged in a guide hole in the support 61 of the main frame 1, a slider B, and an end of the support part pull rod 63 movably connected with the screw support part and the other end fixedly connected with the slider B. A guide strip 631 is arranged on the side wall of the support part pull rod 63. A guide groove corresponding to the guide strip 631 is arranged in the guide hole in the support 61 to ensure that the support part pull rod 63 does not rotate during the contraction process. A reset spring 64 is sleeved on the support part pull rod 63 between the screw support part and the support 61 to ensure that the support part pull rod 63 is in an extended state under the action of the reset spring 64 in the separated state of the first control part 5 and the second control part, so that the support part can always be in a state of providing support for the screw 2.

[0031] Further as shown in the drawings, Figures 1-2 In order to ensure that the slider A can contact the slider B during the movement of the movable part 4, and thus realize the control of the second control part by the first control part 5, the slider B is arranged on the horizontal plane where the slider A is located, and the slider B is located on the movement trajectory line of the slider A.

[0032] As shown in the drawings, Figure 6 The screw support part is in a cylindrical shape, which includes a clamping end 71 capable of clamping the screw, a positioning flange 72, and a connecting end 73 connected with the second control part. The positioning flange 72 is arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical screw support part. When the clamping end 71 clamps and supports the screw 2 by passing through the hole in the main frame 1, the positioning flange 72 can ensure that the length of the clamping end 71 extending out is fixed, so as to prevent the clamping end 71 from extending too long and generating a pushing force perpendicular to the screw 2. A clamping groove 74 is arranged on the end face of the clamping end 71. When the screw support part is in a state of providing support for the screw 2, the clamping end 71 extends out from the back of the main frame 1 to the side where the screw 2 is arranged. When the screw is clamped into the clamping groove 74 of the end face of the clamping end 71, the screw support part rotates to clamp the screw 2 in the wedge-shaped groove 77 close to the bottom of the clamping groove 74. An insertion slot 75 is axially arranged on the end face of the connecting end 73. A long hole 76 is obliquely arranged on the side wall of the insertion slot 75. One end of the support part pull rod 63 is inserted into the insertion slot 75 and the long hole 76 through a pin shaft 78 to realize the movable connection between the support part pull rod 63 and the connecting end 73.

[0033] Further as Figure 6 shown, the number of long holes 76 is 2, the positions of the two long holes 76 on the side wall of the slot 75 are symmetrical about the axis of the support part, and the inclination angles of the two long holes 76 are complementary, so as to ensure that when the support part pull rod 63 is stretched or retracted, the pin shaft 78 follows the linear contraction movement of the support part pull rod 63, at the same time, the pin shaft 78 will generate pressure or thrust to the inclined long hole wall of the long hole 76 in the same rotation direction, thereby driving the screw support part to rotate, realizing the clamping or separation of the clamping groove 74 to the screw 2.

[0034] Further, in order to ensure that the clamping end 71 has the smallest friction damage between the screw 2 in the clamping state, the screw support part of the present application is made of tin bronze material, so as to ensure that the friction generated by the rotation of the screw in the clamping groove is relatively small in the clamping state, which effectively protects the screw and can significantly increase the service life of the screw.

[0035] The action principle process of the present application is as follows: when the machine tool and other equipment provided with the device are started, the screw 2 rotates under the drive of the motor, the screw 2 rotates to drive the movable part 4 to move linearly along the slide rail 3 and the screw 2, when the movable part 4 moves to the position close to the supported part of the screw 2, the arc surface or inclined surface at the end of the sliding block A installed on the movable part 4 first contacts the sliding block B 62 of the second control part, because the design of the arc surface or inclined surface makes the sliding block A and the sliding block B 62 can easily slide through, in this sliding process, the sliding block B 62 will retract under the action of the sliding block A, the sliding block B 62 drives the screw support part pull rod 63 to retract synchronously, the retraction process will make the cylindrical screw support part retract while rotating through the action of the pin shaft 78 and the long hole 76, so that the screw moves from the wedge-shaped groove 77 to the groove parallel to the slot until the slot is separated from the screw support part, the screw support part retracts to the back side of the main frame, thereby releasing the support to the movable part, and providing space for the movable part to move, when the other side arc surface or inclined surface of the sliding block A passes through the separation process, the return spring 64 will provide elastic force to ensure that the screw support part and the second control part are reset to continue to support the screw.

[0036] Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement to part of the technical features, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A kind of screw anti-shake support device, including two ends activity setting in main frame (1) on screw (2), and activity setting in main frame slide rail (3) for installing the activity department (4) of tool bit, the activity department (4) is driven its movement along slide rail (3) by screw (2), it is characterized in that , The first control part (5) is arranged on the movable part, and at least one second control part is arranged on the movable part, and a screw rod supporting part is arranged on the second control part; The first control part (5) is arranged on the movable part, and at least one second control part is arranged on the movable part, and a screw rod supporting part is arranged on the second control part; When the first control part (5) is separated from the second control part, the second control part is in an extended state, the screw rod supporting part is engaged with the screw rod (2), and the screw rod (2) is supported. When the first control part (5) is separated from the second control part, the second control part is in an extended state, the screw rod supporting part is engaged with the screw rod (2), and the screw rod (2) is supported. The screw rod supporting part is cylindrical, and the screw rod supporting part comprises a clamping end (71), a positioning flange (72), and a connecting end (73) connected with the second control part, wherein an end face of the clamping end (71) is provided with a clamping groove (74) for accommodating the screw rod, the positioning flange (72) is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder, and an insertion slot (75) is axially arranged on the end face of the connecting end (73), and a long hole (76) is obliquely arranged on the side wall of the insertion slot (75). The first control part (5) is a sliding block A arranged on the movable part, and the two ends of the sliding block A are inclined surfaces or arc surfaces, so that when the first control part and the second control part are in contact, the first control part (5) smoothly slides along the second control part. The second control part comprises a bracket (61), a sliding block B (62), a supporting part pull rod (63) having one end movably connected with the connecting end of the screw rod supporting part and the other end fixedly connected with the sliding block B, and a reset spring (64) sleeved on the supporting part pull rod; One end of the supporting part pull rod (63) is fixedly connected with the sliding block B (62) through a guide hole on the bracket (61), and the other end is inserted into the insertion slot (75) on the screw rod supporting part and movably connected with the screw rod supporting part through a pin shaft (78) and the long hole (76). One end of the sliding block B (62) is fixedly connected with the supporting part pull rod (63), and the other end extends to the same horizontal plane as the first control part (5) and is located on the track of the first control part (5). A guide strip (631) is arranged on the side wall of the supporting part pull rod (63), and a guide groove corresponding to the guide strip (631) is arranged in the guide hole on the bracket (61).

2. The anti-vibration support device for a lead screw according to claim 1, wherein The long hole (76) is 2, and the positions of the two long holes (76) on the side wall of the insertion slot (75) are symmetrical about the axis of the screw rod supporting part, and the inclination angles of the two long holes (76) are complementary.

3. A gimbal support apparatus according to claim 2, wherein The slot width of the clamping groove (74) is greater than the diameter of the screw rod (2), and a wedge-shaped groove (77) inclined to the direction of the slot is arranged near the bottom of the slot.

4. The anti-vibration support device for a lead screw according to claim 3, wherein The screw rod supporting part is made of tin bronze.

5. A machine tool, characterized by The rack, the cutter head, the control module, the power module and the lead screw anti-shake support device of claim 1 are included.

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