A high reliability green data center power supply system and control method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a high-reliability green data center power supply system and control method, wherein the power supply system includes a mains unit, a UPS system, a control center, a distributed power source, etc. The control center includes a state detection unit, a control and adjustment unit, and an optimization management unit; the state detection unit detects information such as the power grid operation state; the control and adjustment unit is used to realize the start and stop control of the diesel generator, etc.; the optimization management unit establishes an optimization scheduling model to realize energy optimization management of the power supply system in three modes: mains and renewable energy power supply mode, wind / light / storage microgrid operation mode, and wind / light / diesel / storage microgrid operation mode. Without changing the original UPS power supply architecture, the present invention utilizes distributed power sources such as photovoltaic cells and wind power generation to power the green data center, thereby improving the utilization rate of renewable energy and the adequacy of power supply, while also improving the overall environmental protection and low carbon nature of the data center.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a green data center power supply system, and more particularly to a high-reliability green data center power supply system and control method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the rapid development of information technologies such as AI, 5G, IoT, and big data has spurred the rapid growth of the internet and cloud computing industry. As a globally recognized economic growth engine and a key competitive advantage for national strength, the internet has attracted widespread global attention, and countries worldwide are accelerating industrial development centered on information technology. As the infrastructure of the cloud computing and internet industries, the number and scale of data centers have significantly increased, exhibiting a trend towards large-scale and intensive development. Data centers provide a guarantee for the safe and stable operation of the internet and cloud computing industries. However, the operation of data centers consumes a large amount of electricity, making it crucial to ensure a safe and reliable power supply for them.

[0003] Data centers consume vast amounts of electricity and emit significant amounts of greenhouse gases. Compared to traditional energy-intensive industries, the energy consumption growth and environmental impact of this emerging industry cannot be ignored. Furthermore, the large-scale application of technologies such as AI and 5G will lead to exponential growth in demand for data centers. Powering data centers solely through traditional power generation methods will exacerbate the energy crisis and cause severe environmental pollution, contradicting the green and intelligent development principles of data centers. Therefore, research is needed on green data center power supply system architecture and control methods, utilizing renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power, and coordinating with energy storage within UPS systems to improve the reliability, environmental friendliness, and low-carbon nature of green data center power supply.

[0004] Therefore, a highly reliable green data center power supply system architecture and control method were designed. When the mains power experiences a short-term failure or anomaly, a wind / solar / storage microgrid formed by renewable energy and energy storage within the UPS system provides safe and reliable power to the green data center. When the mains power is out for an extended period and the energy storage within the UPS is excessively depleted, a diesel generator is started to form a wind / solar / diesel / storage microgrid to power the data center, improving the support time after a mains power outage. This approach fully utilizes clean and renewable energy while providing high reliability and security for the data center power supply system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a highly reliable green data center power supply system and control method, which realizes the utilization of new energy in the power supply system while improving the power supply adequacy, and provides clean, green and environmentally friendly electricity for green data centers; by forming two types of microgrids, namely wind / solar / storage and wind / solar / diesel / storage, the system solves the problem of not being able to provide power to the data center when the mains power fails or is interrupted, thereby improving the reliability, stability and flexibility of the data center power supply system.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A highly reliable green data center power supply system, the power supply system including a mains power unit, a UPS system, a control center, a distributed power supply, a data load center, a diesel generator set, a synchronizing device, and an AC bus;

[0008] The mains power unit is connected to the AC bus via a first grid-connected switch, and supplies power to the data load center through a UPS system when the mains power is running normally.

[0009] The UPS system adopts an online double-conversion structure, including a grid-side converter, an ICT load-side converter, an energy storage unit, a static bypass branch / maintenance branch, and an AC / DC distribution cabinet. All parts of the UPS system are connected through a bus. The grid-side converter allows for bidirectional energy flow and has both grid-connected and off-grid operating modes, and can achieve continuous adjustment of active and reactive power according to control requirements.

[0010] The control center mainly includes a status detection unit, a control and regulation unit, and an optimization management unit. The status detection unit detects the grid operation status, diesel generator set status, first grid-connected switch status, second grid-connected switch status, UPS system converter operation mode, and renewable energy power information. The control and regulation unit controls the start and stop of the diesel generators, as well as the synchronization device, first grid-connected switch, second grid-connected switch, and the grid-side converter operation mode within the UPS system. The optimization management unit establishes an optimized scheduling model based on factors such as system power supply reliability, system economic operation, and maximizing renewable energy utilization. This model enables optimized energy management of the power supply system under three modes: grid power and renewable energy power supply, wind / solar / storage microgrid operation, and wind / solar / diesel / storage microgrid operation.

[0011] The distributed power source mainly includes a photovoltaic power generation unit and a wind power generation unit, which are configured on the mains input bus. The photovoltaic power generation unit is connected to the AC bus of the grid through a photovoltaic inverter (DC-AC), and the wind power generation unit is connected to the AC bus of the grid through an AC-DC-AC converter. The diesel generator is connected to the AC bus through a synchronizing device and a second grid connection switch.

[0012] The present invention also provides a control method for a high-reliability green data center power supply system, the method comprising the following steps:

[0013] When the mains power unit is operating normally, it, along with the configured photovoltaic and wind power units, provides reliable and secure power to the green data center. The UPS system in the power supply system, while meeting backup power requirements, also participates in power auxiliary services such as frequency regulation, voltage regulation, and load-side peak-valley adjustment of the mains power when needed. When the status detection unit in the control center of the power supply system detects a change in the mains frequency, it first checks the status of the internal components of the UPS system to determine the UPS's ability to participate in frequency regulation. Then, in conjunction with the optimization management unit of the control center, it optimizes the energy of the power supply system. The control and regulation unit of the control center issues dispatch instructions to the UPS system, and adjusts the power supply accordingly. The charging and discharging status of the energy storage within the UPS system enables the regulation of active power, thereby participating in the frequency regulation of the mains power. The UPS system can participate in both primary and secondary frequency regulation. In addition to participating in frequency regulation, the UPS system can also participate in load-side peak shaving and valley filling: when the mains power price is high, the control and regulation unit sends a command to the grid-side converter within the UPS system to reduce the DC output voltage of the grid-side converter, making it lower than the DC voltage of the energy storage unit in the UPS system, so that the energy storage can supply power to the data center. When the power supply system simultaneously requires the UPS system to participate in frequency regulation and the mains power price is high, requiring the UPS to participate in load-side peak-valley regulation, frequency regulation is prioritized to ensure the stable operation of the mains power.

[0014] When the mains power unit is operating normally without faults, the reactive power of the data center load and the network loss of the power supply system are balanced with the reactive output of the power supply side, and the voltage is stable within a certain range. At this time, the UPS in the power supply system only needs to participate in the mains voltage regulation when needed.

[0015] When the status detection unit of the control center detects an abnormality or sudden failure in the mains power, the control and regulation unit sends a command to the grid-side converter in the UPS system to switch it to V / f operation mode. At the same time, the first grid-connected switch is disconnected. At this time, the configured photovoltaic power generation unit and wind power generation unit, together with the energy storage in the UPS, form a wind / solar / storage microgrid power supply system to supply power to the data load center. Meanwhile, the optimization management unit of the control center realizes energy optimization management in this operation mode, improving the support time after the mains power outage. The grid-side converter of the UPS system in the power supply system serves as the main power source to support the voltage and frequency stability of the microgrid.

[0016] When the power outage lasts too long and the battery in the UPS system is consumed too much, the control and dispatch unit sends a command to start the diesel generator. Once the diesel generator is running stably, the control and dispatch unit sends a command to the grid-side converter in the UPS system to switch it to PQ operation mode. At the same time, it also sends a command to close the second grid connection switch. At this time, the wind / solar / storage microgrid is converted into a wind / solar / diesel / storage microgrid to provide highly reliable power to the data center. Meanwhile, the energy optimization under this operation mode is achieved through the optimization management unit.

[0017] When the mains power unit resumes normal operation, the synchronizing device detects the slip angle frequency between the diesel generator voltage and the mains power and the voltage difference between the diesel generator and the mains power, and adjusts the diesel generator speed and the voltage at the diesel generator terminals. When the status detection unit of the control center detects that the diesel generator voltage frequency and voltage are close to the mains frequency and mains voltage, the control and regulation unit of the control center issues a command to the first grid connection switch to close it, then disconnects the second grid connection switch and shuts down the diesel generator, transitioning to mains power to supply power to the green data center load.

[0018] The present invention provides a highly reliable green data center power supply system and control method, the beneficial effects of which are: without changing the original UPS power supply architecture, it utilizes distributed power sources such as photovoltaic cells and wind power to supply power to the green data center, thereby improving the utilization rate of renewable energy and the sufficiency of power supply, while also improving the overall environmental protection and low-carbon nature of the data center; in the event of a mains power failure, the on / off-grid switching capability of the UPS host is used to delay the power outage support time, reduce the need to start diesel generators, and improve the reliability of the system power supply. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the high-reliability green data center power supply system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The high-reliability green data center power supply system and control method of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1The diagram shows the architecture of the high-reliability green data center power supply system of the present invention. The power supply system includes a public power grid section (mains unit), a UPS power supply system, a control center, distributed power sources such as wind turbines and photovoltaic power generation, a data load center, diesel generators, a synchronizing device, and an AC bus. The mains unit is connected to the AC bus via a first grid-connected switch. When the mains power is operating normally, it supplies power to the data center load through the UPS system. The UPS system adopts an online double-conversion structure and includes a grid-side converter, an ICT load-side converter, an energy storage unit, static bypass / maintenance branches, AC / DC distribution cabinets, and other necessary auxiliary components or materials. All parts of the system are connected via the bus. The grid-side converter is designed for bidirectional energy flow and has both grid-connected and off-grid operating modes, allowing for continuous adjustment of active and reactive power according to control requirements. The control center mainly includes a status detection unit, a control and regulation unit, and an optimization management unit. The system comprises several components: a status detection unit, a control and regulation unit, and a management unit. The status of the diesel generator set, the first grid-connected switch, the second grid-connected switch, the UPS system's converter operating mode, and renewable energy power information. The control and regulation unit controls the start / stop of the diesel generator, the synchronization device, the first grid-connected switch, the second grid-connected switch, and the operating mode of the grid-side converter within the UPS. The optimization management unit considers factors such as system power supply reliability, economic operation, and maximizing renewable energy utilization to establish an optimized scheduling model, enabling energy optimization management under three power supply modes: grid power and renewable energy power supply, wind / solar / storage microgrid operation, and wind / solar / diesel / storage microgrid operation. The distributed power sources mainly include distributed photovoltaic (PV) power generation and wind turbines. Wind turbines and distributed PV power generation units are configured on the grid input bus according to local conditions. Distributed PV is connected to the grid-side AC bus via a PV inverter (DC-AC), and the wind turbine is connected to the grid-side AC bus via an AC-DC-AC converter. The diesel generator is connected to the AC bus via the second grid-connected switch.

[0022] This invention also proposes a control method for a highly reliable green data center power supply system: when the mains power is running normally, the mains power, together with the configured wind turbine and distributed photovoltaic power generation unit, provides reliable and safe power to the green data center. The UPS in the power supply system can participate in power auxiliary services such as frequency regulation, voltage regulation and load-side peak-valley regulation of the mains power when needed, while meeting the backup power requirements. When the control center detects a change in the mains frequency, it first checks the status of the internal components of the UPS system to determine the UPS's ability to participate in auxiliary services such as frequency regulation. Then, in conjunction with the control center's optimization management unit, it optimizes the power supply system's energy. The control and regulation unit issues dispatch commands to the UPS system, adjusting the charging and discharging state of the energy storage within the UPS system to regulate the active power in the system, thereby enabling it to participate in mains frequency regulation. The UPS system in the power supply system can participate in both primary and secondary frequency regulation. In addition to participating in frequency regulation, the UPS system can also participate in load-side peak shaving and valley filling: when the mains electricity price is high, the control and regulation unit issues commands to the grid-side converter within the UPS system to reduce its DC output voltage value to be lower than the DC voltage of the energy storage unit, allowing the energy storage to power the data center. However, when the system simultaneously requires the UPS system to participate in frequency regulation and the mains electricity price is high, requiring the UPS to participate in load-side peak-valley regulation, frequency regulation is prioritized to ensure the stable operation of the mains power.

[0023] Since the mains power is operating normally without faults, the reactive power of the data center load and the system network loss are balanced with the reactive power output on the power supply side, and the voltage is stable within a certain range. At this time, the UPS in the power supply system only needs to participate in mains voltage regulation when needed. The UPS in the power supply system participates in power ancillary services, and without changing the original unit operating mode, it leverages the precise and rapid power response advantages of the UPS's internal energy storage, thereby improving the quality of power ancillary services provided by the data center system.

[0024] When the status detection unit of the control center detects an abnormality or sudden failure in the mains power, the control and regulation unit sends a command to the grid-side converter in the UPS system to switch it to V / f operation mode. At the same time, the first grid-connected switch is disconnected. At this time, the configured distributed power sources such as photovoltaic cells and wind power generation, together with the energy storage in the UPS, form a wind / solar / storage microgrid power supply system to supply power to the data center load. Meanwhile, the optimization management unit of the control center realizes energy optimization management in this operation mode, improving the support time after the mains power outage. The grid-side converter of the UPS in the power supply system serves as the main power source to support the voltage and frequency stability of the microgrid.

[0025] When the power outage lasts too long and the batteries in the UPS system are consumed too much, the control and dispatch unit sends a command to start the diesel generator. Once the diesel generator is running stably, the control and dispatch unit sends a command to the grid-side converter in the UPS system to switch it to PQ operation mode. At the same time, it also sends a command to close the second grid connection switch. The wind / solar / storage microgrid formed at this time is converted into a wind / solar / diesel / storage microgrid to provide highly reliable power to the data center. Meanwhile, the energy optimization under this operation mode is achieved through the optimization management unit of the control center.

[0026] When the mains power returns to normal operation, the synchronizing equipment detects the slip angular frequency between the diesel generator voltage and the mains power, as well as the voltage difference between the diesel generator and the mains power, and adjusts the generator speed and the voltage at the generator terminals. When the status detection unit of the control center detects that the diesel generator voltage frequency and voltage are close to the mains power frequency and voltage, the control and regulation unit of the control center issues a command to the first grid connection switch to close it, then disconnects the second grid connection switch and shuts down the diesel generator, transitioning to mains power to supply power to the green data center load.

[0027] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solution based on the technical concept proposed in the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-reliability green data center power supply system, characterized in that: The power supply system includes a mains unit, a UPS system, a control center, a distributed power supply, a data load center, a diesel generator set, and an AC bus; Wherein, the mains power unit is connected to the AC busbar through a first grid-connected switch, and when the mains power is operating normally, the UPS system is used to supply power to the data load center; The UPS system adopts an online double conversion structure, including a grid-side converter, an ICT load-side converter, an energy storage unit, a static bypass branch / maintenance branch, and an AC / DC distribution cabinet. The various parts of the UPS system are connected through a busbar; the grid-side converter has bidirectional energy flow and has a grid-connected and off-grid dual operation mode, and can realize continuous adjustment of active and reactive power according to control requirements; The control center mainly includes a state detection unit, a control and adjustment unit and an optimization management unit; wherein the state detection unit is used to detect the power grid operation state, the diesel generator set state, the first grid-connected switch state, the second grid-connected switch state, the converter operation mode in the UPS system and the power information of renewable energy; the control and adjustment unit is used to realize the start and stop of the diesel generator, and the control of the synchronization device, the first grid-connected switch, the second grid-connected switch and the grid-side converter operation mode in the UPS system; the optimization management unit establishes an optimization scheduling model according to the system power supply reliability, the economic operation of the system and the factors of maximizing the utilization of renewable energy, so as to realize the energy optimization management of the power supply system in three modes: the mains power supply mode and renewable energy power supply mode, the wind / solar / storage microgrid operation mode and the wind / solar / diesel / storage microgrid operation mode; The distributed power source mainly includes a photovoltaic power generation unit and a wind power generation unit, which are configured on the busbar on the mains input side; the photovoltaic power generation unit is connected to the AC busbar on the grid side through a photovoltaic inverter (DC-AC), and the wind power generation unit is connected to the AC busbar on the grid side through an AC-DC-AC converter (AC-DC-AC); the diesel generator is connected to the AC busbar through a synchronization device and a second grid-connected switch.

2. A control method for a high-reliability green data center power supply system, characterized in that: The method includes the following process: When the AC power unit operates normally, the AC power unit, the configured photovoltaic power generation unit and the wind power generation unit jointly provide reliable and safe electricity for the green data center; the UPS system in the power supply system can meet the backup power requirements and participate in the power auxiliary services of frequency regulation, voltage regulation and load side peak and valley regulation of the AC power when necessary; when the status detection unit of the control center in the power supply system detects that the AC power frequency has changed, the status of the internal components of the UPS system is first detected by the status detection unit to obtain the UPS's ability to participate in frequency regulation, and then the optimization management unit of the control center is combined to realize the energy optimization of the power supply system, and the control and regulation unit of the control center sends dispatch instructions to the UPS system, and through regulation The charging and discharging state of the energy storage in the UPS system can realize the regulation of active power, and then participate in the frequency modulation of the mains; the UPS system can participate in both primary and secondary frequency modulation; in addition to participating in frequency modulation, the UPS system can also participate in load-side peak shaving and valley filling: when the mains electricity price is high, the control and regulation unit sends instructions to the grid-side converter in the UPS system to reduce the DC output voltage value of the grid-side converter to make it lower than the DC voltage of the energy storage unit of the UPS system, so that the energy storage can power the data center; when the power supply system requires the UPS system to participate in frequency modulation at the same time and the mains electricity price is high and the UPS needs to participate in load-side peak and valley regulation, the frequency modulation is the first priority to ensure the stable operation of the mains; When the AC power unit operates normally without faults, the reactive power of the data center load and the network loss of the power supply system are balanced with the reactive output of the power supply side, and the voltage is stable within a certain range. At this time, the UPS in the power supply system only needs to participate in the AC voltage regulation when needed; When the status detection unit of the control center detects that the mains power is abnormal or suddenly fails, the control and regulation unit sends a command to the grid-side converter in the UPS system to switch it to the V / f operation mode and disconnect the first grid-connected switch at the same time. At this time, the configured photovoltaic power generation unit and wind power generation unit form a wind / light / storage microgrid power supply system with the energy storage in the UPS to supply power to the data load center. At the same time, the optimization management unit of the control center implements energy optimization management under this operation mode to improve the support time after the mains power outage. The grid-side converter of the UPS system in the power supply system serves as the main power supply to support the voltage and frequency stability of the microgrid. When the power outage time is too long and the battery consumption in the UPS system is too large, the control and dispatching unit sends an instruction to start the diesel generator. When the diesel generator runs stably, the control and dispatching unit sends an instruction to the grid-side converter in the UPS system to switch it to the PQ operation mode. At the same time, an instruction is also sent to close the second grid-connected switch. At this time, the wind / solar / storage microgrid is converted into a wind / solar / diesel / storage microgrid to provide high-reliability electricity for the data center. At the same time, energy optimization in this operation mode is achieved through the optimization management unit; When the AC power unit resumes normal operation, the synchronization device detects the slip angular frequency between the diesel generator voltage and the AC power and the voltage difference between the diesel generator and the AC power, and adjusts the diesel generator speed and the voltage at the diesel generator end. When the status detection unit of the control center detects that the diesel generator voltage frequency and voltage are close to the AC power frequency and voltage, the control and adjustment unit of the control center sends a command to the first grid-connected switch to close it, then disconnects the second grid-connected switch and shuts down the diesel generator, transitioning to the AC power to supply power to the green data center load.

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