An arch plate combined shed tunnel structure with self-stabilizing upper part and its design method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure with self - stabilizing upper part. The arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure with self - stabilizing upper part comprises a plurality of connected shed - tunnel units. A filling layer is formed between one side of the arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure with self - stabilizing upper part and the slope, and a buffer layer is formed between its top and the clay impervious layer. The arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure with self - stabilizing upper part can receive the impact force of falling rocks through the buffer layer, and decompose the impact force into horizontal force and vertical force through the shed - tunnel units. The shed - tunnel itself can offset the horizontal force, and at the same time, the vertical force can be transmitted to the foundation through the shed - tunnel structure, thus forming an arch - plate self - stabilizing system. The overall load transfer path of the structure is clear, greatly improving the ability of the frame - type shed - tunnel to resist the impact of falling rocks. At the same time, the slope formed by multiple arched plates makes it difficult for the falling rocks on the top of the tunnel to accumulate, ensuring the driving safety of the road.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of highway engineering, and particularly relates to an arch plate combined shed tunnel structure with self-stabilizing upper part and a design method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a passive measure to prevent dangerous rockfalls, shed tunnels have been widely used in the prevention and control of rockfalls on mountain highways. The existing main forms of shed tunnels include arch shed tunnels, frame shed tunnels, cantilever shed tunnels, etc. Among them, the frame shed tunnel is relatively convenient for construction and maintenance, and the structural members are simple, which is a common form of highway shed tunnel. However, the traditional frame shed tunnel has problems such as weak energy dissipation ability and poor self-stabilizing ability when bearing rockfall impacts, posing potential safety hazards to road traffic. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides an arch plate combined shed tunnel structure with self-stabilizing upper part and a design method thereof, aiming to retain the advantages of simple structural members and convenient construction of the traditional frame shed tunnel structure, while greatly improving the anti-impact ability and self-stabilizing ability of the structure, and at the same time forming an artificial slope to facilitate the rolling of rockfalls away from the shed tunnel, ensuring the safety of road traffic.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] An arch plate combined shed tunnel structure with self-stabilizing upper part is located on one side of the slope and at the bottom of the clay impervious layer. The bottom of the arch plate combined shed tunnel structure with self-stabilizing upper part is buried in the foundation, and the end of its top far from the slope is fixedly connected to the end of the clay impervious layer through a retaining block; the arch plate combined shed tunnel structure with self-stabilizing upper part includes a plurality of connected shed tunnel units. A filling layer is formed between one side of the arch plate combined shed tunnel structure with self-stabilizing upper part and the slope, and a buffer layer is formed between its top and the clay impervious layer; the arch plate combined shed tunnel structure with self-stabilizing upper part can receive the impact force of rockfalls through the buffer layer, and decompose the impact force into a horizontal force and a vertical force through the shed tunnel units. The shed tunnel itself can offset the horizontal force, and at the same time the vertical force can be transmitted to the foundation through the shed tunnel structure.

[0006] Further, the shed tunnel unit is an arched door-shaped structure, which includes a vertical wall, a column, a supporting beam, a flat roof slab, an arched plate, a lower bearing platform, a tie beam and a pile foundation; the top of the column is fixedly installed with a supporting beam, and the bottom is fixedly installed with a lower bearing platform. The bottom of the lower bearing platform is fixedly connected to the pile foundation; the flat roof slab is fixedly installed between the supporting beams at the tops of two columns, the tie beam is fixedly installed between the lower bearing platforms at the bottoms of two columns, the arched plate is fixedly installed between the supporting beams at the tops of two columns, and it is located above the flat roof slab with its opening facing the flat roof slab; a group of columns, supporting beams, lower bearing platforms and pile foundations are shared between adjacent shed tunnel units; one side column of the shed tunnel unit adjacent to the slope is replaced by a vertical wall.

[0007] Further, the shed tunnel units are arranged in a line, and the rise of the arch plates of each shed tunnel unit decreases successively from the side close to the slope to the side far from the slope.

[0008] Further, the slope of the tangent connection line of the arch plates of each shed tunnel unit is 3% - 10%.

[0009] Further, the filling layer is rubble masonry or plain concrete.

[0010] Further, the buffer layer is gravelly soil.

[0011] A design method for a shed tunnel structure with a self - stabilizing arch - plate combination at the upper part, which is based on the above - mentioned shed tunnel structure with a self - stabilizing arch - plate combination at the upper part, is characterized in that it includes the following steps: Step 1, establish the first shed tunnel unit. The ratio of the rise - span ratio of the arch plate of this shed tunnel unit, that is, the ratio of the rise f 1 / the single - span clear span b of the shed tunnel 1 should satisfy 1 / 8 - 1 / 4, and at the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the thickness of the buffer layer is not less than 1.5 m; Step 2, on the premise of knowing the rise f 1 and the single - span clear span b 1 of the shed tunnel of the first shed tunnel unit, calculate the radius r 1 of the arch plate of the first shed tunnel unit. When both the rise f 1 and the radius r 1 of the arch plate are known, according to the preset angle θ between the tangent connection line of the arch plates of each shed tunnel unit and the horizontal plane, calculate the height h 1 of the tangent point of the first arch plate, the distance d 1 from the tangent point to the center line of the arch axis; Step 3, preset the single - span clear span b 2 of the adjacent shed tunnel unit. According to the angle θ corresponding to the distance from the tangent point of the first shed tunnel unit to the center line of the arch axis, the distance d 1 from the tangent point to the center line of the arch axis, and the preset distance L 1 between the arch axis of the first shed tunnel unit and the arch axis of the adjacent shed tunnel unit, calculate the rise f 2 of the arch plate of the adjacent shed tunnel unit, the radius value r 2 of the arch plate, the height h 2 of the tangent point of the arch plate, and the distance d 2 from the tangent point of the arch plate to the center line of the arch axis; Step 4, according to the rise f 2 of the arch plate of the adjacent shed tunnel unit, the radius value r 2 of the arch plate, the height h 2 of the tangent point of the arch plate, and the distance d 2Establish adjacent shed tunnel units; Step 5, according to the included angle θ between the tangent connection line of the arch plates of each preset shed tunnel unit and the horizontal plane, the distance d from the tangent point of the adjacent shed tunnel units to the center line of the arch axis 2 , the preset span b of the secondary adjacent shed tunnel unit 3 , and the preset distance L between the arch axis of the adjacent shed tunnel unit and the arch axis of the secondary adjacent shed tunnel unit 2 , repeat Steps 2 to 4 to establish the secondary adjacent shed tunnel unit until the number of shed tunnel units meets the requirements. The positions of the upper tangent points on the arch plates of all shed tunnel units can form an artificial slope

[0012] Furthermore, the slope of the tangent connection line of the arch plates of each shed tunnel unit of the self-stabilizing arch plate combined shed tunnel structure designed through Steps 1 to 5 is the same as the slope of the clay impermeable layer, both within the range of 3% to 10%. At the same time, it can ensure that the thickness of the buffer layer is not less than 1.5 m

[0013] Furthermore, the radius r of the arch plate of the first shed tunnel unit in Step 2 1 The calculation formula is: In the formula, f 1 is the rise of the arch plate of the first shed tunnel unit, b 1 is the net span of a single shed of the first shed tunnel unit; the height h of the tangent point of the arch plate of the first shed tunnel unit 1 The calculation formula is: h 1 = f 1 + r 1 (cosθ - 1); in the formula, θ is the included angle between the tangent connection line of the arch plates of each preset shed tunnel unit and the horizontal plane; the distance d from the tangent point of the arch plate of the first shed tunnel unit to the center line of the arch axis 1 The calculation formula is: d 1 = r 1 sinθ

[0014] Furthermore, the rise f of the arch plate of the adjacent shed tunnel unit in Step 3 2 The calculation formula is: M = cosθ - 1 + sinθtanθ, N = (L 1 - d 1 )tanθ - h 1 ; in the formula, θ is the included angle between the tangent connection line of the arch plates of each preset shed tunnel unit and the horizontal plane, L 1 is the preset distance between the arch axis of the first shed tunnel unit and the arch axis of the adjacent shed tunnel unit, d 1 is the distance from the tangent point of the arch plate of the first shed tunnel unit to the center line of the arch axis, h 1 is the height of the tangent point of the arch plate of the first shed tunnel unit; from the formula: h 2 = f 2 + r 2 (cosθ - 1), d2 = r 2 sinθ can be used to calculate the height h of the tangent point of the arched plates of adjacent shed tunnel units 2 and the distance d from the tangent point of the arched plate to the midline of the arch axis 2 .

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] When a rockfall disaster occurs, the impact force of the rockfall is transmitted by the buffer layer to the arched plates of the shed tunnel units. The axial force of the rockfall impact is decomposed into a vertical force and a horizontal force at the arch feet of the arched plates; the vertical force is directly transmitted to the foundation through the vertical walls, columns and the lower structure, and the tensile force provided by the flat roof can offset the action of the horizontal force, thus forming an arch-plate self-stabilizing system

[0017] The overall load transfer path of the structure of the shed tunnel with a self-stabilizing arch-plate combination at the upper part is clear, greatly improving the ability of the frame-type shed tunnel to resist rockfall impact. At the same time, the slope formed by the two arched plates makes it difficult for the rockfall on the top of the tunnel to accumulate, ensuring the driving safety of the road BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic elevation structure diagram of the present invention

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic side structure diagram of the present invention

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic design method diagram of the present invention

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic verification diagram of the design method of the present invention

[0022] Figure 1 —In Fig. 2, 1—the shed tunnel structure with a self-stabilizing arch-plate combination at the upper part, 2—slope, 3—clay water barrier, 4—foundation, 5—stop block, 6—filling layer, 7—buffer layer, 8—vertical wall, 9—column, 10—support beam, 11—flat roof, 12—arched plate, 13—lower bearing platform, 14—tie beam, 15—pile foundation, 16—connection line of the tangent points of the arched plates of each shed tunnel unit DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention

[0024] For ease of explanation, spatial relative terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. can be used here to describe the relationship of one element or feature shown in the figure with respect to another element or feature. It should be understood that in addition to the orientation shown in the figure, the spatial terms are intended to include different orientations during the use or operation of the device. For example, if the device in the figure is inverted, the element described as being "below" other elements or features will be located "above" the other elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary term "lower" can include both the upper and lower orientations. The device can be positioned in other ways, and the spatial relative descriptions used here can be interpreted accordingly.

[0025] As Figure 1 —2 shows, this embodiment proposes an arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure with self - stabilizing upper part. The arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure 1 with self - stabilizing upper part is located on one side of the slope 2 and at the bottom of the clay impervious layer 3 at the same time. The bottom of the arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure 1 with self - stabilizing upper part is buried in the foundation 4. One end of the top of the arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure 1 with self - stabilizing upper part far from the slope 2 is fixedly connected to the end of the clay impervious layer 3 through a retaining block 5. The arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure 1 with self - stabilizing upper part includes two connected shed - tunnel units. A filling layer 6 is formed between one side of the arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure 1 and the slope 2, and the filling layer 6 is preferably made of masonry with mortar or plain concrete. A buffer layer 7 is formed between the top of the arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure 1 and the clay impervious layer 3; the buffer layer 7 is preferably made of gravelly soil.

[0026] When a rock - fall disaster occurs above the clay impervious layer 3, the impact force of the falling rocks is transmitted to the shed - tunnel unit by the buffer layer 7. The shed - tunnel unit decomposes the axial force of the rock - fall impact into a vertical force and a horizontal force; the shed - tunnel unit itself can offset the horizontal force and can simultaneously transmit the vertical force to the foundation 4. The overall load - transfer path of the arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure 1 with self - stabilizing upper part is clear, and its self - stabilizing ability is good, greatly improving the anti - rock - fall impact ability of the frame - type shed - tunnel and ensuring the driving safety of the road.

[0027] In this embodiment, the specific structure of the shed - tunnel unit is also given. As Figure 1 shown, the shed - tunnel unit is an arched - door - like structure. The shed - tunnel unit includes a vertical wall 8, a column 9, a supporting beam 10, a flat roof slab 11, an arch plate 12, a lower bearing platform 13, a tie beam 14 and a pile foundation 15.

[0028] Specifically, a bearing beam 10 is fixedly installed at the top of the column 9, a lower bearing platform 13 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the column 9, and a pile foundation 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower bearing platform 13. The flat roof plate 11 is fixedly installed between the bearing beams 10 at the tops of two columns 9, the tie beam 14 is fixedly installed between the lower bearing platforms 13 at the bottoms of two columns 9, and the arched plate 12 is fixedly installed between the bearing beams 10 at the tops of two columns 9. The arched plate 12 is located above the flat roof plate 11, and the opening of the arched plate 12 faces the flat roof plate 11. A group of columns 9, bearing beams 10, lower bearing platforms 13 and pile foundations 15 are shared between adjacent shed tunnel units. One side column 9 of the shed tunnel unit adjacent to the slope 2 is replaced by a retaining wall 8. When a rockfall disaster occurs above the clay aquiclude 3, the axial force impacted by the rockfall is decomposed into a vertical force and a horizontal force at the arch feet of the arched plate 12; the vertical force is directly transmitted to the foundation 4 through the retaining wall 8 or the column 9, the lower bearing platform 13 and the pile foundation 15, and the tensile force provided by the flat roof plate 11 can offset the action of the horizontal force, thus forming an arch-plate self-stabilizing system.

[0029] Further, as a preferred solution of this embodiment, the two shed tunnel units in this embodiment are arranged in a line, and the rise of the arched plate 12 of each shed tunnel unit decreases successively from the side close to the slope 2 to the side far from the slope 2. The slope of the tangent connection line 16 of the arched plates of each shed tunnel unit is preferably between 3% and 10%. Such a setting makes the clay aquiclude 3 have a certain slope, thereby avoiding a large accumulation of rockfalls and further ensuring the driving safety of the road.

[0030] The above-mentioned upper self-stabilizing arch-plate combined shed tunnel structure can be designed by the following design method. Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 , set the arched plate 12 and the flat roof plate 11 on the bearing beam 10, set the plate thicknesses of the flat roof plate 11 and the arched plate 12 according to the comprehensive external load conditions and structural requirements, and make the flat roof plate 11, the arched plate 12 and the center of the vertical section of the shed tunnel unit on the same axis during the design. The specific design method includes the following steps:

[0031] Step 1: Establish the first shed tunnel unit; the rise-span ratio of the arched plate of this shed tunnel unit, that is, the ratio of the rise f 1 / the single-span clear span b of the shed tunnel 1 should meet 1 / 8 - 1 / 4; at the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the thickness of the buffer layer is not less than 1.5 m.

[0032] Step 2: On the premise of knowing the rise f 1 and the single-span clear span b 1 of the first shed tunnel unit, calculate the radius r 1 of the arched plate of the first shed tunnel unit;

[0033] The radius r of the arched plate of the first shed tunnel unit1 The calculation formula is:

[0034]

[0035] In the formula, f 1 is the rise of the arch plate of the first shed tunnel unit, and b 1 is the clear span of a single shed of the first shed tunnel unit;

[0036] When the rise f 1 of the arch plate and the radius r 1 are both known, according to the preset angle θ between the tangent connection of the arch plates of each shed tunnel unit and the horizontal plane, calculate the height h 1 of the tangent point of the first arch plate, and the distance d 1 from the tangent point to the center line of the arch axis.

[0037] The height h 1 of the tangent point of the arch plate of the first shed tunnel unit

[0038] The calculation formula is: 1 h 1 = f 1 + r 1 (cosθ - 1);

[0039] In the formula, θ is the preset angle between the tangent connection of the arch plates of each shed tunnel unit and the horizontal plane;

[0040] The distance d 1 from the tangent point of the arch plate of the first shed tunnel unit to the center line of the arch axis 1 The calculation formula is:

[0041] d 2 = r 1 sinθ.

[0042] Step 3: Preset the clear span b 1 of a single shed of adjacent shed tunnel units. According to the angle θ corresponding to the distance from the tangent point of the first shed tunnel unit to the center line of the arch axis, the distance d 2 from the tangent point to the center line of the arch axis, and the preset distance L 2 between the arch axis of the first shed tunnel unit and the arch axis of the adjacent shed tunnel unit, calculate the rise f 2 of the arch plate of the adjacent shed tunnel unit, the radius value r 2 of the arch plate, the height h 2

[0043] To obtain the rise f2 of the arch plate 2, solve the simultaneous equations of the four formulas. The calculation formula for the rise f 2 of the arch plate of the adjacent shed tunnel unit is:

[0044]

[0045] M = cosθ - 1 + sinθtanθ, N = (L 1 - d 1 )tanθ - h 1 ;

[0046] where θ is the included angle between the tangent connection line of the arched plates of each shed - tunnel unit and the horizontal plane, L 1 is the preset distance between the arch axis of the first shed - tunnel unit and the arch axis of the adjacent shed - tunnel unit, d 1 is the distance from the tangent point of the arched plate of the first shed - tunnel unit to the center line of the arch axis, h 1 is the height of the tangent point of the arched plate of the first shed - tunnel unit;

[0047] From the formula:

[0048] h 2 = f 2 + r 2 (cosθ - 1),

[0049] d 2 = r 2 sinθ;

[0050] the height h 2 of the tangent point of the arched plate of the adjacent shed - tunnel unit and the distance d 2 from the tangent point of the arched plate to the center line of the arch axis can be calculated, thereby clarifying the positions of the upper tangent points on the two arched plates, which is convenient for forming an artificial slope.

[0051] Step 4, according to the rise f 2 of the arched plate of the adjacent shed - tunnel unit, the radius value r 2 of the arched plate, the height h 2 of the tangent point of the arched plate, and the distance d 2 from the tangent point of the arched plate to the center line of the arch axis, establish the adjacent shed - tunnel unit.

[0052] Step 5, according to the included angle θ between the tangent connection line of the arched plates of each preset shed - tunnel unit and the horizontal plane, the distance d 2 from the tangent point of the adjacent shed - tunnel unit to the center line of the arch axis, the preset span b 3 of the sub - adjacent shed - tunnel unit, and the preset distance L 2 between the arch axis of the adjacent shed - tunnel unit and the arch axis of the sub - adjacent shed - tunnel unit, repeat Step 2 to Step 4 to establish the sub - adjacent shed - tunnel unit until the number of shed - tunnel units meets the requirements. The positions of the upper tangent points on the arched plates of all shed - tunnel units can form an artificial slope.

[0053] Furthermore, the slope of the tangent line connection of the arch plates of each shed tunnel unit of the self-stabilizing arch plate combined shed tunnel structure designed through steps 1 to 5 is the same as that of the clay impervious layer, both within the range of 3% to 10%, and at the same time, it can ensure that the thickness of the buffer layer is not less than 1.5 m.

[0054] To conduct a theoretical verification of the design of the present invention, taking Figure 4 the shed tunnel of a highway with a double-track speed of 80 km / h as an example, the single-span clear width of the shed tunnel unit is 12.6 m, the thickness of the column is taken as 1 m, the arch plate is taken as 0.8 m, and the flat roof plate is taken as 0.7 m. To form a slope i of approximately 7.29% at the top of the shed tunnel, under the condition that the rise-span ratio is 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, the f 1 of the arch plate of the first shed tunnel unit is taken as 2.80 m, and the angle θ between the tangent of the two arch plates and the horizontal plane is 4°10′00″;

[0055] Using the calculation formula to find the r 1 of the arch plate is 8.487 m;

[0056] Adopting the calculation formula h 1 = f 1 + r 1 (cosθ - 1), d 1 = r 1 sinθ to obtain the tangent height h 1 of the arch plate is 2.778 m, and the distance d 1 from the tangent point to the center line of the arch axis is 0.617 m.

[0057] The rise f 2 of the arch plates of adjacent shed tunnel units adopts the formula:

[0058]

[0059] for calculation, and the rise f 2 is obtained as 1.80 m;

[0060] Furthermore, using the rise f 2 through the formula: h 2 = f 2 + r 2 (cosθ - 1), d 2 = r 2 sinθ; it is obtained that the radius value r 2 of the arch plates of adjacent shed tunnel units is 11.904 m, the height h 2 of the tangent point is 1.769 m, and the distance d 2 from the tangent point of the arch plates of adjacent shed tunnel units to the center line of the arch axis is 0.865 m.

[0061] Taking the tangent line 16 of the arch slab 12 of the first shed-tunnel unit and the arch slab 12 of the adjacent shed-tunnel as the benchmark, a buffer layer 7 is filled with crushed stone soil with a thickness of 1.5 m in the direction of the outer surfaces of the two arch slabs 12. At this time, the slope of the clay impervious layer 3 is the same as that of the tangent line 16. When a rockfall disaster occurs, the falling rocks roll away from the side of the slope 2, avoiding a large accumulation of falling rocks and ensuring the driving safety of the road.

[0062] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A design method for an arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure with self - stabilizing upper part, which is based on the arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure with self - stabilizing upper part. Characterized in that: The arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure with self - stabilizing upper part is located on one side of the slope and at the bottom of the clay water - proof layer. The bottom of the arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure with self - stabilizing upper part is buried in the foundation, and one end of its top far from the slope is fixedly connected to the end of the clay water - proof layer through a retaining block; the arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure with self - stabilizing upper part includes several connected shed - tunnel units. A filling layer is formed between one side of the arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure with self - stabilizing upper part and the slope, and a buffer layer is formed between its top and the clay water - proof layer. The arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure with self - stabilizing upper part can receive the impact force of falling rocks through the buffer layer, and decompose the impact force into horizontal force and vertical force through the shed - tunnel units. The shed - tunnel itself can offset the horizontal force, and at the same time, the vertical force can be transmitted to the foundation through the shed - tunnel structure. The design method includes the following steps: Step 1, establish the first shed-tunnel unit. The ratio of the rise f of the arch slab of the shed-tunnel unit, that is 1 / the single-span clear span b of the shed-tunnel 1 should satisfy 1 / 8 to 1 / 4. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the thickness of the buffer layer is not less than 1.5 m; Step 2, with the known rise f of the first shed-tunnel unit 1 and the single-span clear span b of the shed-tunnel 1 , calculate the radius r of the arch slab of the first shed-tunnel unit 1 . With the known rise f of the arch slab 1 and radius r 1 , calculate the height h of the tangent point of the first arch slab according to the preset angle θ between the tangent connection of the arch slabs of each shed-tunnel unit and the horizontal plane 1 and the distance d from the tangent point to the center line of the arch axis 1 ; The radius r of the arch plate of the first shed tunnel unit in Step 2 1 The calculation formula is as follows: where f 1 is the rise of the arch slab of the first shed tunnel unit, and b 1 is the net span of a single side of the shed tunnel of the first shed tunnel unit; The height h of the tangent point of the arch plate of the first shed-tunnel unit 1 The calculation formula is as follows: h 1 = f 1 + r 1 (cosθ - 1); Where θ is the included angle between the tangent connection line of the arched plates of each shed - tunnel unit and the horizontal plane. The distance d from the tangent point of the arch plate of the first shed-tunnel unit to the center line of the arch axis 1 The calculation formula is as follows: d 1 = r 1 sin θ; Step 3, preset the single-span clear span b of adjacent shed-tunnel units 2 , according to the included angle θ corresponding to the distance from the tangent point of the first shed-tunnel unit to the center line of the arch axis, the distance d from the tangent point to the center line of the arch axis 1 , and the preset distance L between the arch axis of the first shed-tunnel unit and the arch axis of the adjacent shed-tunnel unit 1 , calculate the rise f of the arched slab of the adjacent shed-tunnel unit 2 , the radius value r of the arched slab 2 , the height h of the tangent point of the arched slab 2 , the distance d from the tangent point of the arched slab to the center line of the arch axis 2 ; The rise f of the arch slab of adjacent shed-tunnel units in Step 3 2 The calculation formula is as follows: M = cosθ - 1 + sinθtanθ, N = (L 1 - d 1 )tanθ - h 1 ; where θ is the included angle between the tangent connection line of the arch plates of each shed tunnel unit and the horizontal plane, and L 1 is the preset distance between the arch axis of the first shed tunnel unit and the arch axis of the adjacent shed tunnel unit, and d 1 is the distance from the tangent point of the arch plate of the first shed tunnel unit to the midline of the arch axis, and h 1 is the height of the tangent point of the arch plate of the first shed tunnel unit; From the formula: h 2 = f 2 + r 2 (cosθ - 1), d 2 = r 2 sinθ, the height h of the tangent point of the arch plates of adjacent shed-tunnel units can be calculated 2 and the distance d from the tangent point of the arch plate to the center line of the arch axis 2 ; Step 4, establish adjacent shed-tunnel units according to the rise f of the arch slab of the adjacent shed-tunnel unit 2 , the radius value r of the arch slab 2 , the height h of the tangent point of the arch slab 2 , the distance d from the tangent point of the arch slab to the center line of the arch axis 2 ; Step 5: According to the included angle θ between the tangent connection line of the arch plates of each preset shed tunnel unit and the horizontal plane, the distance d from the tangent point of adjacent shed tunnel units to the center line of the arch axis 2 , the preset span b of the sub-adjacent shed tunnel unit 3 , and the preset distance L between the arch axis of the adjacent shed tunnel unit and the arch axis of the sub-adjacent shed tunnel unit 2 , repeat Steps 2 to 4 to establish the sub-adjacent shed tunnel unit until the number of shed tunnel units meets the requirements. The positions of the upper tangent points on the arch plates of all shed tunnel units can form an artificial slope.

2. The design method for the arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure with self - stabilizing upper part according to claim 1. Characterized in that: The shed - tunnel unit is an arched door - like structure, which includes a vertical wall, a column, a supporting beam, a flat roof plate, an arched plate, a lower bearing platform, a tie beam and a pile foundation. The top of the column is fixedly installed with a supporting beam, and its bottom is fixedly installed with a lower bearing platform. The bottom of the lower bearing platform is fixedly connected to the pile foundation; the flat roof plate is fixedly installed between the supporting beams at the tops of two columns. The tie beam is fixedly installed between the lower bearing platforms at the bottoms of two columns. The arched plate is fixedly installed between the supporting beams at the tops of two columns, which is located above the flat roof plate and its opening faces the flat roof plate; adjacent shed - tunnel units share a set of columns, supporting beams, lower bearing platforms and pile foundations. One side column of the shed - tunnel unit adjacent to the slope is replaced by a vertical wall.

3. The design method for the arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure with self - stabilizing upper part according to claim 2. Characterized in that: The shed - tunnel units are arranged in a line, and the rise of the arched plates of each shed - tunnel unit decreases successively from the side close to the slope to the side far from the slope.

4. The design method for the arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure with self - stabilizing upper part according to claim 3. Characterized in that: The slope of the tangent connection line of the arched plates of each shed - tunnel unit is 3% - 10%.

5. The design method for the arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure with self - stabilizing upper part according to claim 1. Characterized in that: The filling layer is masonry rubble or plain concrete.

6. The design method for the arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure with self - stabilizing upper part according to claim 1. Characterized in that: The buffer layer is gravelly soil.

7. The design method for the arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure with self - stabilizing upper part according to claim 1. Characterized in that: The slope of the tangent connection line of the arched plates of each shed - tunnel unit of the self - stabilizing arch - plate combined shed - tunnel structure designed through steps 1 to 5 is the same as the slope of the clay water - proof layer, both within the range of 3% - 10%, and at the same time, it can ensure that the thickness of the buffer layer is not less than 1.5m.

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