A sweet potato flat planting device on ridges with a rack and pinion seedling transplanting mechanism

Abstract

The present invention provides a sweet potato flat planting device on ridges with a gear-rack seedling transplanting type, which is composed of a frame, a ditching wheel, a sun gear, a power shaft, and three transplanting mechanisms. The power shaft is installed on the frame, the ditching wheel is fixedly installed on the power shaft, the sun gear is sleeved on the power shaft and fixedly connected to the frame, and the three transplanting mechanisms are evenly distributed on the ditching wheel and are all meshed with the sun gear. This device meets the need for flat planting of sweet potatoes on ridges, can complete operations such as seedling holding, seedling feeding, ditching, and seedling laying during the operation process, can improve the operation efficiency of sweet potato flat planting, has strong practicability, and has strong popularization and application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a gear-rack seedling-transplanting type sweet potato flat-planting device on ridges. Background Art

[0002] Sweet potatoes, also known as white potatoes, sweet potatoes, groundnuts, and red yams, are tolerant of poor soil, drought, have strong adaptability, and high yields. In China, the cultivation area and yield of sweet potatoes rank fourth after rice, wheat, and corn, and play an important role in China's agricultural planting structure and food crop production.

[0003] However, the transplanting method of sweet potato seedlings in production has an important impact on the yield of sweet potatoes. The direct planting method, the inclined planting method, and the flat planting method are three commonly used transplanting methods in agronomy. Among them, the direct planting method is to vertically insert the seedlings into the soil, and the number of sweet potatoes formed after planting is small; the inclined planting method is to obliquely insert the seedlings into the soil, and the sizes of the sweet potatoes formed after planting are uneven; the flat planting method is to horizontally lay the seedlings in the soil, and the number of sweet potatoes formed after planting is large and the sizes are uniform. This method is mostly used in large-scale high-yield fields. The flat planting method generally requires the sweet potato seedlings to be about 20 ~ 30 cm long, and each section of the seedlings inserted into the soil is distributed in a shallow soil layer about 5 cm deep below the soil surface. During the flat planting process on ridges, when it is required to plant the seedlings parallel to the ridge grooves, a section of the seedling head with leaves needs to be bent upwards to expose above the ground, and the whole seedling is in an L shape; when it is required to plant the seedlings perpendicular to the ridge groove direction, a section of the seedling head with leaves needs to be exposed in the ridge groove, and there is no need to bend the seedling. After laying the seedling flat in a shallow groove about 5 cm deep on the ridge, soil can be covered, and the seedlings can be planted flat on both sides of the soil ridge respectively. Whether the seedlings are planted parallel or perpendicular to the ridge groove direction, manual operation requires a large amount of labor, low efficiency, and high cost, and the farming season is often missed. Most of the existing transplanting machines are for directly planting seedlings, and there is a lack of practical sweet potato flat-planting operation machines. In view of this situation, the present invention provides a gear-rack seedling-transplanting type sweet potato flat-planting device on ridges, which can continuously complete the operations of seedling holding, seedling feeding, ditch opening, and seedling laying during the rotation process, realizing efficient operation of sweet potato flat-planting on ridges. Summary of the Invention

[0004] A gear-rack seedling-transplanting type sweet potato flat-planting device on ridges provided by the present invention includes a frame, a ditch-opening wheel, a sun gear, a power shaft, and three transplanting mechanisms.

[0005] The ditch-opening wheel is fixedly installed on the power shaft, the sun gear is sleeved on the power shaft and fixedly connected to the frame, and the three transplanting mechanisms are evenly distributed and fixedly installed on the ditch-opening wheel and connected to the sun gear.

[0006] Further, each transplanting mechanism is composed of a ditch opener, a seedling holder, a planet gear, a tension spring, an L-shaped push rod rack, a toothed cover plate, a toothed cover plate shaft, a cam, and a planet gear shaft.

[0007] The furrow opener and the seedling holding device are fixedly connected and are both fixedly installed on the furrow opening wheel. The planet gear and the cam are fixedly connected and are both hinged on the planet gear shaft. The planet gear shaft is fixedly installed on the furrow opening wheel. The planet gear installed on the furrow opening wheel meshes with the sun gear. The toothed cover plate shaft is fixedly installed on the seedling holding device. One end of the tension spring is fixedly installed at the push rod end of the L-shaped push rod rack, and the other end is fixedly installed on the furrow opening wheel. Its movement direction is the radial direction of the furrow opening wheel. The toothed cover plate is hinged to the furrow opener and forms a gear-rack meshing with the rack end of the L-shaped push rod rack. The cam is hinged to the planet gear through the planet gear shaft. When the front end of the toothed cover plate closely adheres to the back of the furrow opener, the toothed cover plate is closed. When the front end of the toothed cover plate is far from the back of the furrow opener, the toothed cover plate is opened.

[0008] During the process of the cam rotating clockwise for one week, when its base circle contour contacts and moves with the push rod end of the L-shaped push rod rack, the front end of the toothed cover plate always closely adheres to the back of the furrow opener, keeping the toothed cover plate in a closed state. When the cam continues to rotate clockwise until its lift contour contacts and moves with the push rod end of the L-shaped push rod rack, the L-shaped push rod rack makes a linear motion along the radial direction of the furrow opening wheel towards the center of the furrow opening wheel under the drive of the cam. The tension spring is gradually compressed. The toothed cover plate rotates clockwise around the toothed cover plate shaft under the drive of the L-shaped push rod rack. The push rod of the L-shaped push rod rack in contact with the cam is pushed. When the push rod of the L-shaped push rod rack contacts the base circle contour of the cam, the L-shaped push rod rack is at the distal end, closing the toothed cover plate meshing with the rack of the L-shaped push rod rack. When the cam enters the lift contour to the far dwell contour, the L-shaped push rod rack makes a linear motion towards the center of the furrow opener along the radial direction and compresses the tension spring, gradually opening the toothed cover plate. When the cam reaches a short far dwell, the L-shaped push rod rack is at the proximal end, compressing the tension spring to the maximum deformation. At this time, the space above the proximal end of the L-shaped push rod rack and the seedling holding device reaches the maximum. When the cam enters the return contour from the far dwell contour, the deformation of the tension spring in the compressed state gradually decreases, causing the L-shaped push rod rack to make a linear motion along the radial direction away from the center of the furrow opener, gradually closing the toothed cover plate. When the contact point between the cam and the L-shaped push rod rack enters the base circle, the toothed cover plate is closed again.

[0009] When each of the transplanting mechanisms rotates counterclockwise for one full circle along with the ditching wheel, the planetary gear shaft fixedly installed on the ditching wheel rotates counterclockwise along with the ditching wheel. The planetary gear and the cam on the planetary gear shaft also rotate counterclockwise along with the ditching wheel. At the same time, the planetary gear of the transplanting mechanism installed on the ditching wheel always meshes with the sun gear during the counterclockwise rotation along with the ditching wheel, driving the cam to rotate clockwise around the planetary gear shaft. The clockwise rotation of the cam drives the L-shaped push rod rack to perform a reciprocating linear motion along the radial direction of the ditching wheel, causing the toothed cover plate to alternately transform between the open state and the closed state. When the transplanting mechanism rotates counterclockwise to the highest position along with the ditching wheel, the cam rotates clockwise around the planetary gear shaft to its quick-return far rest point and contacts the push rod end of the L-shaped push rod rack, making the L-shaped push rod rack in the proximal position and opening the toothed cover plate to the maximum. At this time, the sweet potato seedlings are placed into the seedling container, and the transplanting mechanism completes the seedling storage work. During the process that the transplanting mechanism that has completed the seedling storage work continues to rotate counterclockwise along with the ditching wheel, the contact position between the cam and the push rod end of the L-shaped push rod rack starts to enter the quick-return return contour from the quick-return far rest point of the cam. The L-shaped push rod rack gradually moves away from the center of the ditching wheel, and the toothed cover plate starts to close. When the base circle contour of the cam contacts the push rod end of the L-shaped push rod rack, the L-shaped push rod rack is in the distal position, and the toothed cover plate is closed.

[0010] After the toothed cover plate is closed, the sweet potato seedlings are temporarily stored in the sealed space formed by the seedling container and the toothed cover plate. As the transplanting mechanism rotates, the horizontal position of the sweet potato seedlings continuously decreases, and the seedling feeding operation is carried out. When the ditching opener contacts the ground, the ditching opener performs ditching operation on the soil and throws the soil dug out by the ditching operation to the rear of the ditch obtained by the ditching operation. At the same time, the cam enters the pushing stroke contour from the base circle contour, the L-shaped push rod rack gradually moves towards the proximal position, and the toothed cover plate gradually opens. When the transplanting mechanism moves to the lowest horizontal position, the cam enters the far rest, the toothed cover plate opens to the maximum, and the sweet potato seedlings fall from the seedling container to the bottom of the ditch obtained by the ditching operation, completing the seedling laying operation. After the seedling laying operation is completed, the ditching opener disengages from the ground and ends the ditching operation. The cam enters the return stroke from the far rest, the toothed cover plate gradually closes, and the horizontal position of the transplanting mechanism continuously rises. When it is about to reach the highest horizontal position, the cam enters the pushing stroke contour again, the toothed cover plate gradually opens, and it is ready for the next seedling delivery operation. Thus, the transplanting mechanism completes one cycle of transplanting work.

[0011] During the operation of the device, when the ditching wheel rotates one full circle, the toothed cover plate of each transplanting mechanism alternately transforms between the open state and the closed state twice, and the device completes three operations of seedling delivery, seedling feeding, ditching, and seedling laying.

[0012] The gear-rack seedling-transplanting sweet potato flat-planting device on ridges meets the need of flat-planting sweet potatoes on ridges. During the operation, it can complete the operations of seedling holding, seedling feeding, ditch opening and seedling spreading, improve the operation efficiency of flat-planting sweet potatoes, has strong practicability and has great popularization and application value. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0013] The drawings show the structure and basic principle of the present invention;

[0014] In the drawings: 1. Ditch-opening wheel; 1-1. Ditch opener; 1-2. Seedling holder; 2. Tensile spring; 3. L-shaped push rod rack; 4. Toothed cover plate; 5. Cam; 6. Planet gear; 7. Sun gear; 8. Planet gear shaft; 9. Power shaft; 10. Frame; 11. Toothed cover plate shaft. Detailed Embodiments

[0015] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0016] Figure 1 The structure and basic principle of the gear-rack seedling-transplanting sweet potato flat-planting device on ridges provided by the embodiment of the present invention are shown; taking Figure 1 the shown direction as the front view, as shown in the figure, in the embodiment of the present invention, the gear-rack seedling-transplanting sweet potato flat-planting device on ridges includes: a ditch-opening wheel 1, a sun gear 7, a power shaft 9, a frame 10, and three transplanting mechanisms;

[0017] The ditch-opening wheel 1 is fixedly installed on the power shaft 9, the sun gear 7 is sleeved on the power shaft 9 and fixedly connected to the frame 10, and the three transplanting mechanisms are evenly distributed and fixedly installed on the ditch-opening wheel 1 and connected to the sun gear 7.

[0018] Furthermore, each transplanting mechanism is composed of a ditch opener 1-1, a seedling holder 1-2, a tensile spring 2, an L-shaped push rod rack 3, a toothed cover plate 4, a cam 5, a planet gear 6, and a planet gear shaft 8.

[0019] The furrow opener 1-1 and the seedling holding device 1-2 are fixedly connected and both are fixedly installed on the furrow opening wheel 1. The planetary gear 6 and the cam 5 are fixedly connected and both are hinged on the planetary gear shaft 8. The planetary gear shaft 8 is fixedly installed on the furrow opening wheel 1. The planetary gear 6 installed on the furrow opening wheel 1 meshes with the sun gear 7. The toothed cover plate shaft 11 is fixedly installed on the seedling holding device 1-2. One end of the tension spring 2 is fixedly installed at the push rod end of the L-shaped push rod rack 3, and the other end is fixedly installed on the furrow opening wheel 1, and its moving direction is the radial direction of the furrow opening wheel 1. The toothed cover plate 4 is hinged to the furrow opener 1-1 and forms a gear-rack meshing with the rack end of the L-shaped push rod rack 3. The cam 5 is hinged to the planetary gear 6 through the planetary gear shaft 8. When the front end of the toothed cover plate 4 is closely attached to the back of the furrow opener 1-1, the toothed cover plate 4 is closed. When the front end of the toothed cover plate 4 is far away from the back of the furrow opener 1-1, the toothed cover plate 4 is opened.

[0020] During the process of the cam 5 rotating clockwise for one week, when its base circle contour contacts and moves with the push rod end of the L-shaped push rod rack 3, the front end of the toothed cover plate 4 is always closely attached to the back of the furrow opener 1-1, keeping the toothed cover plate 4 in a closed state; when the cam 5 continues to rotate clockwise until its lift contour contacts and moves with the push rod end of the L-shaped push rod rack 3, the L-shaped push rod rack 3 makes a linear motion along the radial direction of the furrow opening wheel 1 towards the center of the furrow opening wheel 1 under the drive of the cam 5, and the tension spring 2 is gradually compressed. The toothed cover plate 4 rotates clockwise around the toothed cover plate shaft 11 under the drive of the L-shaped push rod rack 3. The push rod of the L-shaped push rod rack 3 in line contact with the cam 5 is pushed. When the push rod of the L-shaped push rod rack 3 contacts the base circle contour of the cam 5, the L-shaped push rod rack 3 is at the far end, making the toothed cover plate 4 meshing with the rack of the L-shaped push rod rack 3 closed; when the cam 5 enters the lift contour to the far rest contour, the L-shaped push rod rack 3 makes a linear motion along the radial direction towards the center of the furrow opener 1-1 and compresses the tension spring 2, gradually opening the toothed cover plate 4; when the cam 5 reaches a short far rest, the L-shaped push rod rack 3 is at the near end, and the L-shaped push rod rack 3 compresses the tension spring 2 to the maximum deformation. At this time, the space above the near-end seedling holding device 1-2 of the L-shaped push rod rack 3 reaches the maximum; when the cam 5 enters the return contour from the far rest contour, the deformation amount of the tension spring 2 in the compressed state gradually decreases, making the L-shaped push rod rack 3 make a linear motion along the radial direction away from the center of the furrow opener 1-1, gradually closing the toothed cover plate 4. When the contact point between the cam 5 and the L-shaped push rod rack 3 enters the base circle, the toothed cover plate 4 is closed again.

[0021] When each transplanting mechanism rotates counterclockwise one full circle along with the ditching wheel 1, the planetary gear shaft 8 fixedly installed on the ditching wheel 1 rotates counterclockwise along with the ditching wheel 1. The planetary gear 6 and the cam 5 on the planetary gear shaft 8 also rotate counterclockwise along with the ditching wheel 1. At the same time, the planetary gear of the transplanting mechanism installed on the ditching wheel 1 is always meshed with the sun gear 7 during the counterclockwise rotation along with the ditching wheel 1, driving the cam 5 to rotate clockwise around the planetary gear shaft 8. The clockwise rotation of the cam 5 drives the L-shaped push rod rack 3 to perform a reciprocating linear motion along the radial direction of the ditching wheel, causing the toothed cover plate 4 to alternately change between the open state and the closed state. When the transplanting mechanism rotates counterclockwise to the highest position along with the ditching wheel 1, the cam 5 rotates clockwise around the planetary gear shaft 8 to its quick-return far rest point and contacts the push rod end of the L-shaped push rod rack 3, making the L-shaped push rod rack 3 in the proximal position and opening the toothed cover plate 4 to the maximum. At this time, the sweet potato seedlings are placed into the seedling container 1-2, and the transplanting mechanism completes the seedling storage work. During the process of the transplanting mechanism that has completed the seedling storage work continuing to rotate counterclockwise along with the ditching wheel 1, the contact position between the cam 5 and the push rod end of the L-shaped push rod rack starts to enter the quick-return return contour from the quick-return far rest point of the cam 5. The L-shaped push rod rack 3 gradually moves away from the center of the ditching wheel, and the toothed cover plate 4 starts to close. When the base circle contour of the cam 5 contacts the push rod end of the L-shaped push rod rack 3, the L-shaped push rod rack 3 is in the distal position, and the toothed cover plate 4 is closed.

[0022] After the toothed cover plate 4 is closed, the sweet potato seedlings are temporarily stored in the enclosed space formed by the seedling container 1-2 and the toothed cover plate 4. As the transplanting mechanism rotates, the horizontal position of the sweet potato seedlings continuously decreases, and the seedling feeding operation is carried out. When the ditching opener 1-1 touches the ground, the ditching opener 1-1 performs ditching operation on the soil and throws the soil dug out by the ditching operation to the rear of the ditch obtained by the ditching operation. At the same time, the cam 5 enters the working stroke contour from the base circle contour, the L-shaped push rod rack 3 gradually moves towards the proximal position, and the toothed cover plate 4 gradually opens. When the transplanting mechanism moves to the lowest horizontal position, the cam 5 enters the far rest, and the toothed cover plate 4 opens to the maximum. The sweet potato seedlings fall from the seedling container 1-2 to the bottom of the ditch obtained by the ditching operation, completing the seedling laying operation. After the seedling laying operation is completed, the ditching opener 1-1 disengages from the ground and ends the ditching operation. The cam 5 enters the return stroke from the far rest, the toothed cover plate 4 gradually closes, and the horizontal position of the transplanting mechanism continuously rises. When it is about to reach the highest horizontal position, the cam 5 enters the working stroke contour again, and the toothed cover plate 4 gradually opens, preparing for the next seedling delivery operation. Thus, the transplanting mechanism completes one cycle of transplanting work.

[0023] This gear-rack type sweet potato flat planting device on ridges meets the needs of sweet potato flat planting on ridges. During the operation process, it can complete the operations of seedling storage, seedling feeding, ditching, and seedling laying, which can improve the efficiency of sweet potato flat planting operation, has strong practicability, and has strong popularization and application value.

[0024] The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of using a gear-rack seedling-transplanting sweet potato flat-planting device on ridges, which uses a gear-rack seedling-transplanting sweet potato flat-planting device on ridges, characterized in that, The gear-rack type sweet potato flat planting device on ridges with seedling transplanting consists of a frame, a ditching wheel, a sun gear, a power shaft, and three transplanting mechanisms; the power shaft is installed on the frame, the ditching wheel is fixedly installed on the power shaft, the sun gear is sleeved on the power shaft and fixedly connected to the frame, and the three transplanting mechanisms are evenly distributed on the ditching wheel and all mesh with the sun gear; each transplanting mechanism consists of a ditching opener, a seedling container, a planet gear, a tension spring, an L-shaped push rod rack, a toothed cover plate, a toothed cover plate shaft, a cam, and a planet gear shaft; the ditching opener and the seedling container are fixedly connected and both fixedly installed on the ditching wheel, the planet gear and the cam are fixedly connected and both hinged on the planet gear shaft, the planet gear shaft is fixedly installed on the ditching wheel, the planet gear installed on the ditching wheel meshes with the sun gear, the toothed cover plate shaft is fixedly installed on the seedling container, one end of the tension spring is fixedly installed on the push rod end of the L-shaped push rod rack, and the other end is fixedly installed on the ditching wheel, and its movement direction is the radial direction of the ditching wheel, the toothed cover plate is hinged to the ditching opener and forms a gear-rack meshing with the rack end of the L-shaped push rod rack, the cam is hinged to the planet gear through the planet gear shaft, when the front end of the toothed cover plate closely adheres to the back of the ditching opener, the toothed cover plate closes, and when the front end of the toothed cover plate is far away from the back of the ditching opener, the toothed cover plate opens.

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