A telescopic and adjustable small-angle advanced pipe shed device applicable to soft soil tunnels

Abstract

The present invention provides a telescopic and adjustable small-angle advanced pipe shed device applicable to soft soil tunnels, which comprises a pipe shed pipe, a drill bit assembly, and a pushing cylindrical block that are telescopically controlled by hydraulic pressure. Among them, the upper ends of the pipe shed pipes are sleeved on the bottom ends of the drill bit assemblies, and the drill bit assemblies can rotate freely in the pipe shed pipes; the bottom ends of the pipe shed pipes are fixed on the pushing cylindrical blocks; the pipe shed pipes include a first pipe shed pipe, a second pipe shed pipe, and a third pipe shed pipe; the pushing cylindrical blocks include a first pushing cylindrical block, a second pushing cylindrical block, and a third pushing cylindrical block; the pipe shed pipes and the pushing cylindrical blocks are correspondingly installed; the pushing cylindrical blocks are hydraulically connected to each other. The problems existing in the prior art, such as the difficult excavation of soft soil tunnels and the inaccurate control of the pipe shed deviation angle, are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and relates to a telescopic and adjustable small-angle advanced pipe shed device applicable to soft soil tunnels. Background Technique

[0002] At present, during the tunnel construction process, the deformation of the surrounding rock and the surface settlement have an important impact on the future railway operation safety. In order to ensure that the tunnel construction does not affect the normal operation of the railway, it is necessary to analyze and study the construction methods of ultra-shallow buried tunnels, settlement control measures and construction safety.

[0003] In the construction of some large-section soft and broken surrounding rock tunnel projects, due to the poor surrounding rock grade, such as soft, gravel strata and soft rock, rock heap, broken zone sections, it is easy to cause tunnel crown collapse, surrounding rock deformation and surface subsidence after excavation. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt advanced support means to control the surrounding rock and ensure the overall stability of the surrounding rock during the excavation process. At present, during the tunnel excavation process, in order to resist the dynamic load of the train and the surface settlement, advanced pipe sheds are generally used for advanced support. The advanced pipe shed is driven into the surrounding rock at one time, and the disturbance to the surrounding rock mass is very small, which is a very effective support measure. However, in large-section soft soil tunnels, due to the generally small-spacing steel arch frames used for primary support, the construction space surface of the advanced pipe shed is limited, and it is often impossible to achieve a small inclination angle for effective support, resulting in a large amount of ineffective reinforcement of the surrounding rock. At present, there are also problems of using excavation of pipe shed working rooms to ensure the inclination angle, but it seriously affects the project implementation progress.

[0004] Advanced pipe shed support is often carried out for strengthening support before the tunnel portal. During the construction, the length of the pipe shed driven in is generally about 25-30m. Therefore, the prefabricated pipe shed is relatively long, and it is often troublesome to transport it to the construction site. Moreover, it is difficult to accurately drive it into the weak position of the surrounding rock due to its length. At the same time, the pipe shed often moves downward due to its own gravity. Especially in some inclined tunnels, when driving the pipe shed, it is very important to accurately drive the inclination angle of the pipe shed. If the angle is deviated, the expected support effect is often not achieved, resulting in stress concentration during excavation. When driving, the inclination angle of the pipe shed often cannot reach a small inclination angle, resulting in frequent problems of a large amount of ineffective reinforcement.

[0005] During the construction of advanced pipe sheds for underground tunnels or lower-layer tunnels, due to too large drilling angles, problems such as the pipe shed penetrating the upper building (structure) or affecting the advanced support effect often occur. At present, for traditional tunnel advanced pipe sheds, only a guide frame composed of 3 sections of I-beams is simply used at the tunnel entrance, a guide pipe is buried on the guide frame, and a guide wall is poured with concrete, and then the pipe shed drilling and installation operation is directly carried out. There is a lack of effective precise positioning measures before the pipe shed construction.

[0006] During the drilling process of the pipe shed, since the control of the pipe shed angle is very important, there is also a need for a pipe shed drilling angle deviation correction device to adjust the drilling angle of the pipe shed at any time. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a telescopic adjustable small-angle advanced pipe shed device applicable to soft soil tunnels, which solves the problems of difficult excavation of soft soil tunnels and inaccurate control of pipe shed deviation angles in the prior art.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a telescopic adjustable small-angle advanced pipe shed device applicable to soft soil tunnels, including a pipe shed pipe controlled by hydraulic pressure for telescopic movement, a drill bit assembly, and a pushing cylindrical block; among them, the upper ends of the pipe shed pipes are sleeved on the bottom ends of the drill bit assemblies, and the drill bit assemblies can rotate freely in the pipe shed pipes; the bottom ends of the pipe shed pipes are fixed on the pushing cylindrical block; the pipe shed pipes include a first pipe shed pipe, a second pipe shed pipe, and a third pipe shed pipe; the pushing cylindrical block includes a first pushing cylindrical block, a second pushing cylindrical block, and a third pushing cylindrical block; the pipe shed pipes and the pushing cylindrical blocks are correspondingly installed; the pushing cylindrical blocks are hydraulically connected to each other.

[0009] Further, the first pushing cylindrical block is located above the second pushing cylindrical block and has a diameter smaller than that of the second pushing cylindrical block, and the second pushing cylindrical block is located above the third pushing cylindrical block and has a diameter smaller than that of the third pushing cylindrical block; between the second pipe shed pipes and between the third pipe shed pipes, they are axisymmetric with the first pipe shed pipe as the center; the second pipe shed pipe is located directly in front of and behind the first pipe shed pipe, and the third pipe shed pipe is located directly to the left and right of the first pipe shed pipe.

[0010] Further, the drill bit assembly includes a spiral drill bit and a telescopic blade; the telescopic blade includes a blade, a support rod, a first blade rod, and a second blade rod; one end of the first blade rod is fixed to the bottom of the spiral drill bit, and the other end of the first blade rod is located in the second blade rod and is hydraulically driven; one end of the support rod is hinged to the second blade rod, and the other end of the support rod is rotatably connected to one end of the blade; the other end of the blade is hinged to the first blade rod; the pipe shed pipe is sleeved on the lower end of the second blade rod and the second blade rod can rotate freely in the pipe shed pipe; the blades are arrayed around the first blade rod, and the support rods are arrayed around the second blade rod.

[0011] Further, an offset detection device is fixedly installed on the outer side of the third pipe shed pipe; the offset detection device includes an arc-shaped positioning piece and a pressure sensor; the arc-shaped positioning piece is fixed to the pipe shed pipe, and the pressure sensor is located between the arc-shaped positioning piece and the pipe shed pipe.

[0012] Further, a laser emitter is rotatably connected to the outer side of the first pipe-roof pipe, and a laser receiving plate is fixedly installed on the inner side of the blade of the telescopic blade of the first pipe-roof pipe; when the pipe-roof is horizontal, the laser emitted by the laser emitter falls on the center of the laser receiving plate of the fully opened blade.

[0013] Further, grouting holes are formed in the pipe walls of the second pipe-roof pipe and the third pipe-roof pipe, and one-way pistons are installed in the grouting holes.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] 1. The telescopic length of the pipe-roof pipe is adjustable, which is convenient for on-site drilling.

[0016] 2. The pipe-roof drill bit can drill better in the surrounding rock and reduce ground settlement, and can prevent damage to the drill bit when encountering rocks; telescopic blades with adjustable angles and opening sizes are provided on the side of the drill bit, which is convenient for drilling the surrounding soil layer at any time and can greatly accelerate the drilling rate, realizing high-efficiency construction.

[0017] 3. The direction and angle of the pipe-roof drilling can be adjusted at any time.

[0018] 4. Drilling can be better carried out in small-angle areas to avoid the occurrence of reinforcement failure.

[0019] 5. The propulsion device provided at the bottom of the pipe-roof can achieve mechanized control, without manual labor, saving time and effort. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the pipe-roof device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drill bit assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the pipe-roof pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure, 1. the first pipe-roof pipe, 2. the second pipe-roof pipe, 3. the third pipe-roof pipe, 4. the first pushing cylindrical block, 5. the second pushing cylindrical block, 6. the third pushing cylindrical block, 7. the grouting hole, 8. the spiral drill bit, 9. the telescopic blade, 10. the blade, 11. the support rod, 12. the first blade rod, 13. the second blade rod, 14. the arc-shaped positioning piece, 15. the pressure sensor, 16. the laser emitter, 17. the drill bit assembly, 18. the offset detection device. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] The present invention provides a telescopic and adjustable small-angle advanced pipe-roof device applicable to soft soil tunnels, including a pipe-roof pipe, a drill bit assembly 17, and a pushing cylindrical block that are telescopically controlled by hydraulic pressure. The upper end of the pipe-roof pipe is sleeved on the bottom end of the drill bit assembly 17, and the drill bit assembly 17 can freely rotate in the pipe-roof pipe; the bottom end of the pipe-roof pipe is fixed on the pushing cylindrical block. The pipe-roof pipe controls the telescopic length by hydraulic pressure and can meet various drilling requirements.

[0027] Specifically, the pipe-roof pipe includes the first pipe-roof pipe 1, the second pipe-roof pipe 2, and the third pipe-roof pipe 3; the pushing cylindrical block includes the first pushing cylindrical block 4, the second pushing cylindrical block 5, and the third pushing cylindrical block 6; each pipe-roof pipe and the pushing cylindrical block are correspondingly installed. For example, the first pipe-roof pipe 1 is installed on the first pushing cylindrical block 4, and so on; the pushing cylindrical blocks are hydraulically connected to each other. Among them, the first pushing cylindrical block 4 is located above the second pushing cylindrical block 5 and has a diameter smaller than that of the second pushing cylindrical block 5, and the second pushing cylindrical block 5 is located above the third pushing cylindrical block 6 and has a diameter smaller than that of the third pushing cylindrical block 6; between the second pipe-roof pipes 2 and between the third pipe-roof pipes 3, they are axisymmetric with the first pipe-roof pipe 1 as the center. The pushing cylindrical blocks are connected and controlled by hydraulic components to lift and lower, which can adjust the overall length of the pipe-roof and at the same time avoid the risk of only extending the pipe-roof pipe when reaching the specified drilling length, and the extended length is prone to bending. The second pipe-roof pipe 2 is located directly in front of and behind the first pipe-roof pipe 1, and the third pipe-roof pipe 3 is located directly to the left and right of the first pipe-roof pipe 1. When the pipe-roof device drills horizontally, at this time, the second pipe-roof pipe 2 is located directly above and below the first pipe-roof pipe 1, and the third pipe-roof pipe 3 is located directly to the left and right of the first pipe-roof pipe 1.

[0028] In some embodiments, grouting holes 7 are provided in the pipe walls of the second pipe-shed pipe 2 and the third pipe-shed pipe 3 for grouting; a one-way piston is installed in the grouting hole 7 to prevent mud from flowing back and blocking the grouting hole 7 or even entering the inside of the pipe-shed during the pipe-shed drilling process, thus preventing the grouting process from being unable to proceed.

[0029] In some embodiments, the drill bit assembly 17 includes a spiral drill bit 8 and a telescopic blade 9; the telescopic blade 9 includes a blade 10, a support rod 11, a first blade rod 12, and a second blade rod 13; one end of the first blade rod 12 is fixed to the bottom of the spiral drill bit 8, and the other end of the first blade rod 12 is located in the second blade rod 13 and is hydraulically driven; one end of the support rod 11 is hinged to the second blade rod 13, and the other end of the support rod 11 is rotatably connected to one end of the blade 10; the other end of the blade 10 is hinged to the first blade rod 12; the pipe-shed pipe is sleeved on the lower end of the second blade rod 13 and the second blade rod 13 can rotate freely inside the pipe-shed pipe; the blades 10 are arrayed around the first blade rod 12, and the corresponding support rods 11 are arrayed around the second blade rod 13. By hydraulically controlling the expansion and contraction between the first blade rod 12 and the second blade rod 13, the telescopic blade 9 is controlled to open or close.

[0030] In some embodiments, a deviation detection device 18 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the third pipe-shed pipe 3; the deviation detection device 18 includes an arc-shaped positioning piece 14 and a pressure sensor 15; the arc-shaped positioning piece 14 is fixed to the pipe-shed pipe, and the pressure sensor 15 is located between the arc-shaped positioning piece 14 and the pipe-shed pipe. The arc-shaped positioning piece 14 is used to fix the pressure sensor 15 to prevent the pressure sensor 15 from moving. To ensure that the arc-shaped positioning piece 14 can transmit pressure, the arc-shaped positioning piece 14 is made of an elastic material. When the surrounding rock pressures on both sides of the pipe-shed are different, the pipe-shed will deviate, and the deviation direction is the same as the direction of the force on the pipe-shed. Therefore, when the pressure of the left pressure sensor 15 is greater than the pressure of the right pressure sensor 15 during the pipe-shed drilling process, the pipe-shed deviates to the right, and vice versa, and the deviation is corrected according to the deviation direction.

[0031] A plurality of deviation detection devices 18 are provided. When the data transmitted by a certain deviation detection device 18 suddenly changes while the data of the other deviation detection devices 18 remains unchanged, it is considered to be external interference rather than a change in the pipe-shed drilling direction; when the data transmitted by a plurality of deviation detection devices 18 all change, it is considered that the pipe-shed has deviated, and at this time, deviation correction is required.

[0032] In some embodiments, due to the action of gravity during the drilling process of the pipe shed, and the surrounding rock will also fall under the action of gravity, it is impossible to clearly judge the up and down offset of the pipe shed by relying on the offset detection device 18. Therefore, a laser emitter 16 is rotatably connected to the outside of the first pipe shed pipe 1 of the present invention. The laser emitted by the laser emitter 16 during the drilling of the pipe shed always remains horizontal due to the action of gravity and is not affected by the up and down offset of the pipe shed; a laser receiving plate is fixedly installed inside the blade 10 of the telescopic blade 9 of the first pipe shed pipe 1. When the pipe shed is horizontal, the laser emitted by the laser emitter 16 can just fall at the center of the laser receiving plate of the fully opened blade 10; when the pipe shed drills every 15 - 30 m, stop drilling, open the telescopic blade 9 of the first pipe shed pipe 1, and at the same time open the laser emitter 16, and observe the position where the laser emitted by the laser emitter 16 falls on the laser receiving plate. If the position is above the center of the laser receiving plate, it means that the drilling direction of the pipe shed is downward and needs to be corrected upward; if the position falls below the center of the laser receiving plate, it means that the drilling direction of the pipe shed is upward and needs to be corrected downward.

[0033] The process of the pipe shed device in this embodiment to achieve deviation correction is as follows:

[0034] When it is detected that the pipe shed device moves upward, the first pipe shed pipe 1 is controlled to contract by hydraulic pressure (at this time, the telescopic blade 9 of the first pipe shed pipe 1 is in a fully contracted state), and at the same time, the second pipe shed pipe 2 above is contracted, then the telescopic blades 9 of the second pipe shed pipe 2 and the third pipe shed pipe 3 are opened, and then the drills of the second pipe shed pipe 2 and the third pipe shed pipe 3 are opened. At this time, since the second pipe shed pipe 2 above is shorter than the pipe shed pipes below, the pipe shed device gradually moves downward to achieve deviation correction. The same applies when the pipe shed device moves downward.

[0035] When it is detected that the pipe shed device moves to the left, the first pipe shed pipe 1 is controlled to contract by hydraulic pressure (at this time, the telescopic blade 9 of the first pipe shed pipe 1 is in a fully contracted state), and at the same time, the third pipe shed pipe 3 on the left is contracted, then the telescopic blades 9 of the second pipe shed pipe 2 and the third pipe shed pipe 3 are opened, and then the spiral drills 8 of the second pipe shed pipe 2 and the third pipe shed pipe 3 are opened. At this time, since the third pipe shed pipe 3 on the left is shorter than the third pipe shed pipe 3 on the right, the pipe shed device gradually moves to the right to achieve deviation correction. The same applies when the pipe shed device moves to the right.

[0036] After the deviation correction is completed, stop drilling, retract the pipe shed device a certain distance so that the first pipe shed pipe 1 can extend, open the telescopic blade 9 of the first pipe shed pipe 1 and continue drilling along the path after deviation correction.

[0037] The circuit connections and hydraulic pipeline connections not mentioned in the present invention are all conventional technical means in this field. Additionally, it should be noted that the pipe shed device drills horizontally forward during operation.

[0038] The complete working process of the pipe roof device of the present invention is as follows:

[0039] First, adjust the telescopic amounts of each pushing cylindrical block and each pipe roof pipe to adjust the overall length of the pipe roof pipe. After the length is adjusted, open each telescopic blade 9, and then open the spiral drill bit 8. While the spiral drill bit 8 rotates, it drives the telescopic blade 9 to rotate. At this time, the pipe roof device drills forward, and at the same time, control the grouting hole 7 to inject grout outward.

[0040] When the pipe roof is drilling, always pay attention to the data transmitted by the pressure sensor 15 of the deviation detection device 18. When the data transmitted by a certain deviation detection device 18 suddenly changes while the data of the other deviation detection devices 18 remains unchanged, it is considered an external interference rather than a change in the drilling direction of the pipe roof; when the data transmitted by multiple deviation detection devices 18 all change, it is considered that the pipe roof has deviated, and at this time, deviation correction needs to be carried out according to the foregoing method.

[0041] When the pipe roof device drills forward 15 - 30 m each time, stop drilling, turn on the laser emitter 16, observe the position of the laser emitted by the laser emitter 16 on the laser receiving plate, and judge whether the pipe roof device has deviated upward or downward. If there is no deviation, continue drilling. If there is deviation, carry out deviation correction according to the foregoing method.

[0042] After the deviation correction is completed, continue to drill forward until the predetermined target position is reached, and the drilling is completed.

[0043] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner. For the same or similar parts between the embodiments, reference can be made to each other. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments.

[0044] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A telescopic and adjustable small-angle advanced pipe shed device applicable to soft soil tunnels, characterized in that, It includes pipe-roof pipes that can be telescopically controlled hydraulically, a drill bit assembly (17), and a pushing cylindrical block; among them, the upper ends of the pipe-roof pipes are sleeved on the bottom ends of the drill bit assemblies (17), and the drill bit assemblies (17) can rotate freely in the pipe-roof pipes; the bottom ends of the pipe-roof pipes are fixed on the pushing cylindrical block; the pipe-roof pipes include a first pipe-roof pipe (1), a second pipe-roof pipe (2), and a third pipe-roof pipe (3); the pushing cylindrical block includes a first pushing cylindrical block (4), a second pushing cylindrical block (5), and a third pushing cylindrical block (6); the pipe-roof pipes and the pushing cylindrical block are installed correspondingly; the pushing cylindrical blocks are hydraulically connected to each other; The first pushing cylindrical block (4) is located above the second pushing cylindrical block (5) and has a diameter smaller than that of the second pushing cylindrical block (5), and the second pushing cylindrical block (5) is located above the third pushing cylindrical block (6) and has a diameter smaller than that of the third pushing cylindrical block (6); between the second pipe-roof pipes (2) and between the third pipe-roof pipes (3), they are axisymmetric with the first pipe-roof pipe (1) as the center; the second pipe-roof pipe (2) is located directly in front of and behind the first pipe-roof pipe (1), and the third pipe-roof pipe (3) is located directly to the left and right of the first pipe-roof pipe (1).

2. The telescopic and adjustable small-angle advanced pipe shed device applicable to soft soil tunnels according to claim 1, wherein, The drill bit assembly (17) includes a spiral drill bit (8) and a telescopic blade (9); the telescopic blade (9) includes a blade (10), a support rod (11), a first blade rod (12), and a second blade rod (13); one end of the first blade rod (12) is fixed to the bottom of the spiral drill bit (8), and the other end of the first blade rod (12) is located in the second blade rod (13) and is hydraulically driven; one end of the support rod (11) is hinged to the second blade rod (13), and the other end of the support rod (11) is rotatably connected to one end of the blade (10); the other end of the blade (10) is hinged to the first blade rod (12); the pipe-roof pipe is sleeved on the lower end of the second blade rod (13) and the second blade rod (13) can rotate freely in the pipe-roof pipe; the blades (10) are arrayed around the first blade rod (12), and the support rods (11) are arrayed around the second blade rod (13).

3. An adjustable telescopic small-angle advanced pipe shed device applicable to soft soil tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, An offset detection device (18) is fixedly installed on the outside of the third pipe-roof pipe (3); the offset detection device (18) includes an arc-shaped positioning piece (14) and a pressure sensor (15); the arc-shaped positioning piece (14) is fixed to the pipe-roof pipe, and the pressure sensor (15) is located between the arc-shaped positioning piece (14) and the pipe-roof pipe.

4. A telescopic adjustable small-angle advanced pipe shed device applicable to soft soil tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, A laser emitter (16) is rotatably connected to the outside of the first pipe-roof pipe (1), and a laser receiving plate is fixedly installed on the inner side of the blade (10) of the telescopic blade (9) of the first pipe-roof pipe (1); when the pipe-roof is horizontal, the laser emitted by the laser emitter (16) falls on the exact center of the laser receiving plate of the fully opened blade (10).

5. An adjustable telescopic small-angle advanced pipe shed device applicable to soft soil tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, Grouting holes (7) are opened on the pipe walls of the second pipe-roof pipe (2) and the third pipe-roof pipe (3), and one-way pistons are installed in the grouting holes (7).

Images