A method for identifying and determining the hazards of motor vehicle emissions

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of motor vehicle emission detection technology, and specifically to a method for identifying and determining motor vehicle emission hazards. The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: statistically analyzing the detection results of at least two exhaust emission detection systems of in-use vehicles, and determining the corresponding vehicles with emission hazards according to the standards of the corresponding detection systems, and treating the vehicle models with emission hazards as suspected models; Step 2: determining the vehicle model to be detected based on the suspected model; Step 3: spot-checking the exhaust emissions of in-use vehicles of the vehicle model to be detected. During the spot check, the ratio between the total number of vehicles with unqualified exhaust emissions and the total number of spot checks of the vehicle model in the same vehicle model is the spot check failure rate, and the spot check failure rate is statistically calculated as the emission test failure rate of the vehicle model to be detected. The method for identifying and determining motor vehicle emission hazards in the present invention can accurately lock in vehicles that are prone to emission hazards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motor vehicle emission detection, and in particular to a method for identifying and determining motor vehicle emission hazards. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are many motor vehicles in the country. For example, in 2020, the number of motor vehicles in the country reached 372 million. When motor vehicles are driving, they will emit CO, HC, NO x and PM, among which diesel vehicles NO x The total emission exceeds 80% of the total automobile emissions, and PM exceeds 90%; the CO of gasoline vehicles exceeds 80% of the total automobile emissions, and HC exceeds 70%. Usually, the exhaust gas of the motor vehicle needs to be treated before it can be discharged. After the motor vehicle is manufactured and assembled, the exhaust gas emitted by the motor vehicle needs to be tested. Only after the exhaust gas emissions are qualified can the modified motor vehicle be sold.

[0003] However, in actual use, motor vehicles may have unqualified exhaust emissions due to various reasons such as malfunctions, accidents, and age. Such motor vehicles will cause serious air pollution when in use and are vehicles with emission hazards. Relevant supervisory departments need to identify and judge them in a timely manner, locate them from a large number of motor vehicles, and urge their owners to carry out repairs in a timely manner to eliminate their pollution to the atmosphere.

[0004] For post-sale motor vehicle emissions, the commonly used detection methods are: annual inspection and random inspection system for in-use vehicles, I / M system, remote sensing detection and heavy-duty diesel vehicle emission remote monitoring platform. However, the results of the above detection methods are relatively independent, and the differences in emission detection methods and the inconsistent detection levels of detection institutions have led to differences in the accuracy of the detection results of various detection methods. Therefore, the test results obtained by a single vehicle and a single detection method are not representative, and can only reflect the emission level of a single test individual, and cannot represent the actual emission level of the vehicle model as a whole. Therefore, the above single test results are not helpful for the supervision department to accurately identify other in-use vehicles with emission hazards. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a method for identifying and determining emission hazards of motor vehicles, so as to accurately identify vehicles that are prone to emission hazards.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for identifying and determining the emission hazards of a motor vehicle, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Collect statistics on the test results of at least two exhaust emission test systems for in-use vehicles, and determine the corresponding models with emission hazards according to the standards of the corresponding test systems;

[0008] Step 2: Select the models with emission hazards in each of the statistical testing systems as suspected models;

[0009] Step 3: Determine the vehicle model to be tested based on the suspected vehicle model, and conduct spot checks on the exhaust emissions of the vehicles in use of the vehicle model to be tested. During the spot check, the ratio of vehicles with unqualified exhaust emissions to the total number of vehicles of the same vehicle model that are spot checked is the spot check failure rate, and the spot check failure rate is calculated as the emission test failure rate of the vehicle model to be tested.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this program are:

[0011] 1. Through the identification and determination methods of this solution, relevant supervisory departments can accurately determine the vehicle models that are prone to emission hazards after sales, thereby increasing the inspection efforts on such vehicle models and conveniently and accurately assisting them in determining in-use vehicles that have emission hazards.

[0012] 2. In this plan, the test results of multiple testing systems are counted. Even if a vehicle with qualified emissions is marked as a vehicle with emission hazards due to unexpected circumstances or operational errors when tested according to one of the testing systems, the vehicle will not be identified as a vehicle with emission hazards because the test results of another or more testing systems show that its emissions are qualified. Therefore, the accuracy of the test is higher.

[0013] 3. When spot-checking the vehicle model to be inspected in step 3, it is also possible to limit the location of the vehicle to be inspected, the purchase time, the total number of driving distances, and other information to spot-check the vehicles of the model that meet specific requirements, so as to more accurately determine the factors that cause a large number of emission hazards and determine the characteristics of the vehicles that require increased inspection efforts.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 3, when spot checking the exhaust emissions of the vehicle model to be tested, at least two items of the existing exhaust emission testing systems are used for inspection. If any one of the exhaust emission systems is unqualified, the inspection result of the vehicle is marked as unqualified.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this solution are: when conducting random inspections, the standards and normative operations currently corresponding to the existing exhaust emission detection systems for in-use vehicles are adopted. At least two of the inspections are carried out to avoid the failure to detect vehicles with emission hazards due to accidents or operational errors, thereby improving the detection accuracy of step 3.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 1, when collecting statistics on the test results of at least two exhaust emission test systems for in-use vehicles, the statistical content includes vehicle model, vehicle VIN, vehicle manufacturer, emission test method, and emission test results.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this plan are: the statistical content in this plan is relatively complete, and it is convenient to conduct further statistics based on the test results of the exhaust emission test system after the statistics, accurately determine the vehicle models with a higher proportion of emission hazards and the corresponding production enterprises, etc., and it is also convenient for the supervisory department to work with the vehicle manufacturers to examine whether the emission hazards are prone to occur due to defects in the vehicle design, thereby reducing the probability of emission hazards from the root.

[0018] Furthermore, the method also includes step 4, sorting the emission test failure rates determined in step 3, and marking at least the vehicle model with the highest emission test failure rate as the key observation vehicle model.

[0019] The beneficial effect of this scheme is that after sorting, it is convenient for the supervisory department to determine the top several models with higher emission failure rates as key observation models according to local regulations.

[0020] Furthermore, recall or re-inspection procedures will be initiated for vehicles of key observation models.

[0021] The beneficial effect of this solution is that when the probability of a certain model of vehicle posing an emission hazard is too high or exceeds the threshold set by the supervisory department, all vehicles of that model can be inspected through recall, avoiding missed vehicles that have not been inspected, and further reducing the number of vehicles posing an emission hazard.

[0022] Furthermore, in step 4, the suspected vehicle types are divided into heavy vehicles and light vehicles and the emission test failure rates are ranked respectively.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this scheme are: there are differences in the emission certification standards for heavy-duty vehicles and light-duty vehicles, and separate sorting can more intuitively and accurately compare the proportions of emission hazards of heavy-duty vehicles and light-duty vehicles respectively.

[0024] Furthermore, after determining the vehicles with emission hazards in step 1, the ratio of the total number of vehicles with emission hazards to the total number of vehicles in use of the same model is used as the proportion of vehicles with emission hazards; when determining the model to be tested in step 2, the suspected models are first divided into heavy vehicles and light vehicles, and then the proportions of emission hazards in heavy vehicles and light vehicles are ranked respectively, and at least the heavy vehicle or light vehicle with the highest proportion of emission hazards is used as the model to be tested.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this solution are: as above, it can more intuitively and accurately compare the proportions of emission hazards of heavy vehicles and light vehicles respectively.

[0026] Furthermore, when statistics are performed in step 1, the selected information includes data from N years before the information collection date as the data collection object, where the minimum value of N is the longest detection cycle of in-use vehicle emission detection, and statistics are performed on the data collection objects.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this solution are: N selects the longest detection cycle among various in-use vehicle emission detection methods, which can ensure that within each data statistical cycle, all vehicles that are normally maintained and tested can be covered to avoid omissions.

[0028] Furthermore, after classifying the types of vehicles to be inspected in step 3, heavy vehicles are inspected using at least two of the annual inspection system, I / M system sensor monitoring and heavy vehicle remote monitoring platform, and light vehicles are inspected using both the annual inspection system and the I / M system.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this program are: the annual inspection system, I / M system sensor monitoring and heavy-duty vehicle remote monitoring platform are the currently commonly used exhaust emission detection systems for heavy-duty vehicles; the annual inspection system and I / M system are currently commonly used exhaust emission detection systems for light vehicles, their operations and standards are relatively complete, and detection is relatively convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0032] Example 1

[0033] A method for identifying and determining motor vehicle emission hazards comprises the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: Collect statistics on at least two of the annual vehicle inspection system, I / M system, remote sensing detection and heavy-duty vehicle remote monitoring platform. The statistical content includes vehicle model, vehicle VIN, vehicle manufacturer, emission detection method, and emission detection result. The selected information includes data from N years before the information collection date as the data collection object, where the minimum value of N is the longest detection cycle of emission detection of in-use vehicles, and collect statistics on the data collection objects; according to the standards of the corresponding detection system, determine the corresponding vehicles with emission hazards, and regard the models with emission hazards as suspected models; and the ratio between the total number of vehicles with emission hazards and the total number of in-use vehicles of the same model is taken as the proportion of emission hazards;

[0035] Step 2: Divide the suspected vehicle models into heavy vehicles and light vehicles, and rank the proportions of heavy vehicles and light vehicles with emission hazards respectively, and at least select the heavy vehicles or light vehicles with the highest proportion of emission hazards as the vehicle models to be tested; taking light vehicles as an example, rank the proportions of emission hazards corresponding to each vehicle model belonging to light vehicles, and select the two vehicle models with the highest proportions of emission hazards as the vehicle models to be tested; in actual implementation, the suspected vehicles can also be determined from the suspected vehicle models according to other standards determined by the implementer;

[0036] Step 3: Carry out spot checks on the exhaust emissions of in-use vehicles of the model to be tested; at least two of the annual vehicle inspection system, I / M system, remote sensing detection and heavy-duty vehicle remote monitoring platform are used for inspection. If any of the inspections fails, the inspection mark of the vehicle is unqualified. For the same model, the ratio between the total number of vehicles marked as unqualified and the market ownership of the model is the emission test failure rate of the model to be tested during the data statistical period;

[0037] Step 4: According to the existing standards, vehicles are divided into heavy-duty vehicles and light-duty vehicles. According to the emission test failure rate determined in step 3, the emission test failure rates of heavy-duty vehicles and light-duty vehicles are ranked respectively, and the two types of heavy-duty vehicles and light-duty vehicles with the highest emission test failure rates are marked as key observation models; according to the thresholds specified in the standards of the supervisory department’s location, all vehicles with failure rates exceeding the specified thresholds are subject to enterprise self-inspection and re-inspection procedures. When the re-inspection fails or the enterprise self-inspection shows that the vehicle has emission hazards, rectification, recall or provision of sampling inspection reports and other supporting materials may be initiated.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] On the basis of Example 1, the difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that step 3 and step 4 in this embodiment are classified according to the type of vehicle fuel and are sorted respectively, and step 4 is classified according to the type of vehicle fuel and the emission detection failure rate is sorted respectively, as shown in the following table:

[0040]

[0041] In actual application, the supervision department selects the models with emission test failure rate greater than 0.1% as the models to be tested that year according to the statistical results in the above table (it can also be screened by ranking percentage to screen the objects with emission failure rate not 0), and determines gasoline vehicles A1, A2, C1 and diesel vehicles D1, D2, D4, E1 as the models to be tested. Therefore, these seven models on the market are sampled, and the sampled vehicles are vehicles that are normally used and maintained. The selected vehicles are sent to professional testing institutions for emission test verification. The emission tests of A1, C1, and D2 models are qualified, and the emissions of A2, D1, D4, and E1 models are unqualified. It is judged that A2, D1, D4, and E1 models have emission defects. The supervision department marks the vehicles of A2, D1, D4, and E1 models as key observation objects. When testing the emissions of vehicles of this type through remote sensing detection and heavy-duty vehicle remote monitoring platforms, focus on selecting vehicles of this model. When the vehicle with too high emission test failure rate is contacted, the enterprise is rectified or the vehicle of this model is recalled.

[0042] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific technical solutions and / or characteristics in the solution is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for identifying and determining the hazards of motor vehicle emissions, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Collect statistics on the test results of at least two exhaust emission test systems for in-use vehicles, and determine the corresponding vehicles with emission hazards according to the standards of the corresponding test systems, and identify the models with emission hazards as suspected models; Step 2: Determine the vehicle model to be tested based on the suspected vehicle model; Step 3: Carry out spot checks on the exhaust emissions of in-use vehicles of the model to be tested. During the spot check, at least two of the annual vehicle inspection system, I / M system, remote sensing detection and heavy-duty vehicle remote monitoring platform are used for inspection. If any one of the exhaust emission systems is unqualified, the inspection result of the vehicle will be marked as unqualified. For the same model, the ratio between the total number of vehicles with unqualified exhaust emissions and the total number of spot checks for this model is the spot check failure rate. The spot check failure rate is calculated as the emission test failure rate of the model to be tested.

2. The method for identifying and determining the emission hazards of a motor vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 1: When collecting statistics on the test results of at least two exhaust emission test systems for in-use vehicles, the statistical content includes vehicle model, vehicle VIN, vehicle manufacturer, emission test method, and emission test results.

3. The method for identifying and determining the emission hazards of a motor vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method also includes step 4, which ranks the emission test failure rates determined in step 3, and marks at least the vehicle model with the highest emission test failure rate as the key observation vehicle model.

4. The method for identifying and determining the emission hazards of a motor vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: Initiate recall or re-inspection procedures for vehicles of key observation models.

5. The method for identifying and determining the emission hazards of a motor vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 4, the suspected vehicle types are divided into heavy vehicles and light vehicles and the emission test failure rates are ranked respectively.

6. The method for identifying and determining the emission hazards of a motor vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: After determining the vehicles with emission hazards in step 1, the ratio between the total number of vehicles with emission hazards and the total number of vehicles in use of the same model is used as the proportion of vehicles with emission hazards; when determining the model to be tested in step 2, the suspected models are first divided into heavy vehicles and light vehicles, and then the proportions of heavy vehicles and light vehicles with emission hazards are ranked respectively, and at least the heavy vehicle or light vehicle with the highest proportion of emission hazards is used as the model to be tested.

7. The method for identifying and determining the emission hazards of a motor vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: When statistics are performed in step 1, the selected information includes data from N years before the information collection date as the data collection object, where the minimum value of N is the longest detection cycle of in-use vehicle emission detection, and statistics are performed on the data collection objects.

Images