A diesel generator set with integrated multi-functional interface

Abstract

This invention discloses a diesel generator set with integrated multi-functional interfaces, comprising: a generator main unit, a generator controller, a first circuit breaker, a second circuit breaker, a third circuit breaker, a fourth circuit breaker, a fifth circuit breaker, a dynamic switching unit, a static switching switch, a first busbar, a second busbar, a first power interface, a second power interface, a third power interface, and a first control interface. The advantages of this invention are: integrated multi-functional external interfaces enhance and expand the functions of the diesel generator set, and provide power routing capabilities, greatly simplifying microgrid design and engineering connections; it meets the flexible application requirements of a single unit in multiple scenarios, serving as a microgrid power supply, UPS power supply, dual power supply system, or backup / emergency power supply; it adapts to the usage needs of different project stages, improving asset efficiency throughout the entire project lifecycle; and the integrated dynamic power switching and static power supply switching improve the overall reliability and power quality of the power system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a novel diesel generator set integration technology, specifically to the enhancement, optimization, and functional expansion of diesel generator set technology in microgrid application scenarios, belonging to the field of new power system power equipment technology. Background Technology

[0002] Microgrids utilize various energy sources and energy storage systems, with diesel generator sets being a frequently used power supply device. Under mains power conditions, diesel generator sets serve as backup and emergency power sources, improving the reliability of the microgrid system. In isolated scenarios such as those with low mains power reliability or remote areas, diesel generator sets can not only function as the primary power source but also form a multi-energy complementary smart microgrid with renewable energy generation and storage systems to achieve safe and economical operation. Particularly due to the time-varying characteristics and random fluctuations of renewable energy, diesel generator sets play a crucial role in ensuring the reliability of microgrid power supply and maintaining energy reserves under coordinated energy management and control. Currently, the application of diesel generator sets in microgrid systems often incorporates traditional generator set models into engineering design and system installation. The connection between the diesel generator set and external systems requires numerous devices, and each interface needs separate design, resulting in significant workload and increased costs. This is because microgrids represent a new application scenario for diesel generator sets, and traditional product technologies do not consider the characteristics of this new scenario. Therefore, it is necessary to research new types of diesel generator sets to adapt to the needs of new power supply systems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention designs a diesel generator set with an integrated multi-functional interface. Based on the functional requirements of the microgrid for the generator set, the necessary external interfaces and their control devices are integrated onto the generator set, giving it a certain power routing function in its structure, thereby greatly simplifying system design and connection engineering.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0005] A diesel generator set with integrated multi-functional interfaces includes a generator main unit, a generator controller, a first circuit breaker, a second circuit breaker, a third circuit breaker, a fourth circuit breaker, a fifth circuit breaker, a dynamic switching unit, a static switching switch, a first busbar, a second busbar, a first power interface, a second power interface, a third power interface, and a first control interface.

[0006] The dynamic switching unit includes a first voltage monitoring relay and its normally open and normally closed contacts, a second voltage monitoring relay and its normally open contacts, a first contactor and its main and auxiliary normally closed contacts, a second contactor and its main and auxiliary normally closed contacts, a first intermediate relay and its normally closed contacts, a first voltage sampling point, and a second voltage sampling point; the static switching switch includes a third voltage sampling point. This structure uses a dual independent contactor dynamic switching unit instead of a circuit breaker integrated ATS automatic converter, meeting the microgrid's need for frequent and flexible power supply operation. It is simple, reliable, and easy to install and maintain. Power voltage monitoring points at various locations are led out and connected to the external energy storage system converter through the first control interface. Power electronics technology is used to achieve rapid detection and status judgment, ensuring millisecond-level switching between the static switching switch and the external energy storage system. The combination of the contactor group dynamic switching unit and the static switching switch enables the generator set to maintain uninterrupted power output during any voltage fault and dynamic switching on the power supply side, with the cooperation of the external energy storage system through a static rapid switching process.

[0007] The generator set, generator controller and first circuit breaker are integrated into a generator set system, and the remaining parts are integrated into a set of integrated cabinets, which provide integrated switching and external interface functions; the generator set system and the integrated cabinet are integrated into a multi-functional interface diesel generator set.

[0008] The generator set is electrically connected to the second contactor main contact input terminal of the dynamic switching unit via the first circuit breaker and the second voltage sampling point. The unit controller controls the generator set and the first circuit breaker, and receives control signals from the normally closed contact output of the first intermediate relay of the dynamic switching unit. The unit controller is connected to the first control interface: outputting unit status signals, inputting unit start-stop control commands, and outputting unit operation data via RS485 communication. The generator set output is used as one of the input power sources of the dynamic switching unit, thereby enabling the multi-power source dynamic switching function to be completed within the generator set. The dynamic switching unit provides start-stop signals for the generator set to achieve generator set scheduling control in a microgrid scenario. The first control interface enables microgrid-level coordinated monitoring of the generator set and the external energy storage system.

[0009] The main contact input terminal of the first contactor of the dynamic switching unit is connected to the first power interface via the second circuit breaker through the first voltage sampling point. The first power interface can be used to connect to the external grid mains power supply. The main contact output terminals of the first and second contactors of the dynamic switching unit are respectively connected to the first bus power supply. The first and second voltage sampling points of the dynamic switching unit are detected by the first and second voltage monitoring relays and connected to the first control interface. The grid mains power is used as one of the input power sources of the dynamic switching unit, so that the multi-power dynamic switching function is completed inside the generator set, and the mains power plug-and-play function is realized through the first power interface. The mains power and the power supply voltage monitoring points of the generator are detected by relays to realize dynamic switching control, and the external energy storage converter is quickly sampled and the power supply side status is monitored through the first control interface.

[0010] After the static switching switch and the third circuit breaker are connected in parallel, their two ends are connected to the first bus and the second bus, respectively. The third voltage sampling point is taken from the grid power supply side of the static switching switch. The input control point, CAN protocol bus communication port, and third voltage sampling point of the static switching switch are respectively connected to the first control interface. The first control interface can be used to connect to the corresponding input and output control of the converter of the external microgrid energy storage system for sampling detection, signal control, and data communication. The static switching switch is integrated between the first bus on the power supply side and the second bus on the power supply side to ensure uninterrupted power output on the power supply side in the event of any voltage fault on the power supply side. Seamless switching is performed between the power supply output composed of the mains power and the generator set and the external energy storage system through the second power interface. The operation command is implemented through the first control interface. When the generator set is used in a scenario without an external energy storage system, the third circuit breaker is closed, and the generator set is used as a backup power source or a dual power source device, which has flexible adaptability to application scenarios.

[0011] The second busbar is connected to the second power interface and the third power interface via the fourth and fifth circuit breakers, respectively. The second power interface can be used to connect to the power output terminal of the converter of the external microgrid energy storage system. The third power interface can be used to connect to the user load or critical load of the external microgrid. The dedicated interfaces of the external energy storage system and the load are integrated on the generator set to achieve plug-and-play and optional multi-purpose use, meeting the different needs of different application scenarios such as microgrids, and making the design work and installation network engineering simple, flexible and efficient.

[0012] In the dynamic switching unit, the first contactor is controlled by a series connection of the normally open contact of the first voltage monitoring relay and the normally closed contact of the second contactor; the second contactor is controlled by a series connection of the normally open contact of the second voltage monitoring relay, the normally closed contact of the first voltage monitoring relay, and the normally closed contact of the first contactor; the first intermediate relay is controlled by the normally open contact of the first voltage monitoring relay; the normally closed contact output of the first intermediate relay is connected to the generator controller to provide the generator set with a pre-start / stop (permission) control signal or a start / stop control signal; an asymmetric interlocking control structure is adopted to realize different priorities between the mains power and the generator set. The system employs advanced control to ensure simplicity and reliability throughout the power supply process. It reliably prevents contactor tripping in extreme situations. When the generator is powered on and the mains power is restored simultaneously, the dynamic switching unit will unilaterally lock out the generator output, reliably restoring mains power. Mains status detection control provides generator start / stop or pre-start / stop command signals, allowing the unit controller to flexibly select different control modes according to different application scenarios. In microgrid applications, the generator can use a combination of pre-start / stop permission and SOC start / stop control for the energy storage system. When used as a standard dual-power system or backup power source, direct start / stop control can be selected.

[0013] The functions of a diesel generator set with an integrated multi-functional interface are described below:

[0014] 1. Provide power routing assistance for microgrids

[0015] This invention integrates the grid interface, energy storage system interface, and user load interface with the generator set into one unit, and adds an auxiliary device integrated cabinet as an extension of the generator set output and various interfaces, forming a new generator set technical structure. The overall function of the generator set is enhanced and expanded. The integrated cabinet already includes the functions of automatic sampling monitoring dynamic switching (ATS) on the power supply side and seamless static switching (STS) on the energy storage / power supply bus side, providing uninterrupted power. The diesel generator project of the microgrid only needs to directly connect the mains power supply, user load, energy storage system and communication control through various interfaces to realize the coordinated control of multiple power sources and energy storage systems.

[0016] 2. Multi-energy complementarity in microgrid scenarios

[0017] When applied to microgrid systems, all interfaces are used. Generator sets, grid power, energy storage systems, and renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics form the microgrid. Generator sets do not provide direct interfaces to renewable energy sources; instead, they are connected to the energy storage system and uniformly integrated into the microgrid, coordinated and controlled by the energy management system. In grid-connected mode, the generator sets serve as backup power for the grid. The grid power connects to the microgrid energy storage system and renewable energy generation through the first power interface, static transfer switch, second power interface, and third power interface. It coordinates with renewable energy sources, utilizes off-peak hours to charge the energy storage system, and provides uninterrupted power to the load. The generator set interface system functions as a power routing mechanism. In grid-off mode, through interface routing, the generator sets, energy storage system, and renewable energy generation operate in a coordinated manner under the microgrid's energy dispatch management. The generator set pre-start signal is valid, allowing start-stop operations. The generator set start-stop operation commands are input from the external microgrid system through the first control interface. Specifically, this can be achieved through the dry contact output of the microgrid energy storage converter. The start-stop command conditions are set to the upper and lower limits of the energy storage system's State of Charge (SOC).

[0018] 3. Power system voltage monitoring and dynamic switching interlock

[0019] When the first voltage monitoring relay detects and confirms a mains power fault, the first contactor contact opens, and the first intermediate relay sends a pre-start signal to allow the unit to start. When the external energy storage system's SOC reaches the lower limit, the unit receives a start command through the first control interface. After the unit starts and the first circuit breaker closes successfully, the second voltage monitoring relay detects and confirms that the unit is operating normally, and the control second contactor contact closes, completing the dynamic switching from mains power to the generator set. When the pre-start signal of the normally closed contact of the first intermediate relay is set as a direct start / stop signal, the generator set will directly start / stop according to this signal, ignoring the SOC limit start / stop command of the external energy storage system. When the first voltage monitoring relay detects and confirms that the mains power has returned to normal, the second contactor contact opens, and the first contactor contact closes, completing the dynamic switching from the generator set to mains power. At the same time, the normally closed contact signal state of the first intermediate relay reverses, triggering the unit shutdown process. During any dynamic switching process, the first bus experiences intermittent power outages. The two-way switching between the generator set and mains power uses an asymmetrical control loop to ensure reliable locking of the operating state and avoid operational jumps under extreme conditions.

[0020] 4. Static fast switching and uninterrupted power supply

[0021] In the event of any voltage fault, power outage, voltage recovery, or dynamic switching operation of the mains power supply or generator set, the static switching switch will detect the power supply side fault, power interruption, or voltage recovery status at the third voltage sampling point and transmit it to the external energy storage system converter through the first control interface. The control signal interlocks between the static switching switch and the external energy storage system converter to complete a millisecond-level rapid switching. The switching coordination method between the static switching switch and the external energy storage system converter is to first turn off and then turn on or switch the operating state. The millisecond-level switching achieves seamless power continuity, thereby ensuring uninterrupted power supply to the second bus and meeting the requirements of critical loads. Specifically, under steady-state operation, the mains power or generator set supplies power to the load, charges the external energy storage system, or maintains full charge through the static switching switch. When the mains power or generator set experiences a power supply failure, voltage anomaly, or dynamic switching power outage, the static switching switch turns off, and the external energy storage system converter switches to a discharging state. When the mains power or generator set power supply voltage returns to normal and stable, the external energy storage system converter adjusts its synchronous phase lock and switches with the static switching switch at the current zero-crossing point, and the external energy storage system converter switches from a discharging state to a charging state.

[0022] 5. Flexible application across multiple scenarios with a single device

[0023] Besides microgrid applications where all interfaces are in use, different interface combinations can be used according to the actual needs of other scenarios. When all interfaces are used but the external connection of the second power interface is only an energy storage system, this invention is a UPS uninterruptible power supply system with a fast static switching switch. When the second power interface and the first control interface are not needed, and the third circuit breaker is closed, this invention can be used as a dual power supply system of mains power + backup power. In scenarios where there is no mains power, microgrid, or energy storage system access, this invention can be used as a regular diesel generator unit, which is of great significance for project transition, including temporary power supply and commissioning work at different stages.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0025] (1) Through the integrated technology structure of multi-functional external interface, the functions of generator set are enhanced and expanded, and it has power routing capability, which greatly simplifies the design and engineering connection of microgrid system;

[0026] (2) It meets the flexible application requirements of one machine in multiple scenarios. Through different interface combinations, it can be used as a microgrid power supply, UPS power supply, dual power supply system, or backup / emergency power supply, etc.

[0027] (3) To adapt to the needs of different stages of the project, improve the asset efficiency of the whole project cycle, and also have great significance for the transition of the project, including temporary power supply and commissioning work at different stages;

[0028] (4) The integration of dynamic power switching and static fast power switching improves the overall reliability and power quality of the power system.

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is an integrated structure diagram of a diesel generator set according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated working principle of the diesel generator set according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the dynamic switching unit in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention. Example

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a diesel generator set with an integrated multi-functional interface includes a generator main unit 1, a first circuit breaker 2, a unit controller 3, a dynamic switching unit 4, a first busbar 5, a second circuit breaker 6, a first power interface 7, a static switching switch 8, a third circuit breaker 9, a second busbar 10, a fourth circuit breaker 11, a second power interface 12, a fifth circuit breaker 13, a third power interface 14, and a first control interface 15.

[0035] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the dynamic switching unit 4 includes a first voltage monitoring relay Y1 and its normally open contact Y1.1 and normally closed contact Y1.2, a second voltage monitoring relay Y2 and its normally open contact Y2.1, a first contactor C1 and its main contact C1.0 and auxiliary normally closed contact C1.1, a second contactor C2 and its main contact C2.0 and auxiliary normally closed contact C2.1, a first intermediate relay K1 and its normally closed contact K1.1, a first voltage sampling point d1, and a second voltage sampling point d2; the static switching switch 8 includes a third voltage sampling point d3.

[0036] Units 1 to 3 are integrated into a generator host system, and units 4 to 15 are integrated into a set of integrated cabinets, providing integrated switching and external interface functions; the generator host system and the integrated cabinet are integrated into an integrated multi-functional interface diesel generator set.

[0037] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the generator set 1 is electrically connected to the second contactor C2.0 main contact input terminal of the dynamic switching unit 4 via the first circuit breaker 2 and the second voltage sampling point d2; the unit controller 3 controls the generator set 1 and the first circuit breaker 2, and receives the output signal control from the normally closed contact K1.1 of the first intermediate relay K1 of the dynamic switching unit 4; the unit controller 3 is connected to the first control interface 15: outputting unit status signals, inputting unit start-stop control commands, and outputting unit operation data through RS485 communication connection;

[0038] The main contact input terminal of the first contactor C1.0 of the dynamic switching unit 4 is connected to the first power interface 7 via the second circuit breaker 6 through the first voltage sampling point d1. The first power interface 7 can be used to connect to the external power grid mains power supply. The main contact output terminals C1.0 and C2.0 of the first and second contactors C1 and C2 of the dynamic switching unit 4 are respectively electrically connected to the first bus 5. The voltage sampling points d1 and d2 of the dynamic switching unit 4 are detected by the first and second voltage monitoring relays Y1 and Y2 respectively, and are connected to the first control interface 15.

[0039] After the static switching switch 8 and the third circuit breaker 9 are connected in parallel, their two ends are respectively connected to the first bus 5 and the second bus 10. The third voltage sampling point d3 is taken as the power grid side of the static switching switch 8. The input control point, CAN protocol bus communication port, and voltage sampling point d3 of the static switching switch 8 are respectively connected to the first control interface 15. The first control interface 15 can be used to connect the corresponding input and output control of the converter of the external microgrid energy storage system for sampling detection, signal control, and data communication.

[0040] The second busbar 10 is connected to the second power interface 12 and the third power interface 14 via the fourth circuit breaker 11 and the fifth circuit breaker 13, respectively; the second power interface 12 can be used to connect to the power output terminal of the converter of the external microgrid energy storage system; the third power interface 14 can be used to connect to the user load or critical load of the external microgrid.

[0041] In the dynamic switching unit 4, the first contactor C1 is controlled by the normally open contact Y1.1 of the first voltage monitoring relay Y1 and the normally closed contact C2.1 of the second contactor C2 in series; the second contactor C2 is controlled by the normally open contact Y2.1 of the second voltage monitoring relay Y2, the normally closed contact Y1.2 of the first voltage monitoring relay Y1 and the normally closed contact C1.1 of the first contactor C1 in series; the first intermediate relay K1 is controlled by the normally open contact Y1.1 of the first voltage monitoring relay Y1; the normally closed contact K1.1 of the first intermediate relay K1 is connected to the unit controller 3 to provide the generator set with a pre-start / stop (permission) control signal or a start / stop control signal.

[0042] The functions of a diesel generator set with an integrated multi-functional interface are described below:

[0043] 1. Provide power routing assistance for microgrids

[0044] This invention integrates the grid interface, energy storage system interface, and user load interface with the generator set into one unit, and adds an auxiliary device integrated cabinet as an extension of the generator set output and various interfaces, forming a new generator set technical structure. The overall function of the generator set is enhanced and expanded. The integrated cabinet already includes the functions of automatic sampling monitoring dynamic switching (ATS) on the power supply side and seamless static switching (STS) on the energy storage / power supply bus side, providing uninterrupted power. The diesel generator project of the microgrid only needs to directly connect the mains power supply, user load, energy storage system and communication control through various interfaces to realize the coordinated control of multiple power sources and energy storage systems.

[0045] 2. Multi-energy complementarity in microgrid scenarios

[0046] When applied to microgrid systems, all interfaces are used. Generator sets, grid power, energy storage systems, and new energy sources such as photovoltaics form a microgrid. Generator sets do not provide direct interfaces with new energy sources, but are connected to the microgrid through energy storage systems and are coordinated and controlled by the energy management system. In grid-connected mode, the generator set serves as a backup power source for the mains power. The mains power connects to the microgrid energy storage system and new energy generation through the first power interface 7, static transfer switch 8, second power interface 12, and third power interface 14. It coordinates and controls with new energy sources, charges the energy storage system during off-peak hours, and provides uninterrupted power to the load. The generator set interface system plays a power routing role. In grid-off mode, the generator set coordinates and controls the operation of the energy storage system and new energy generation under the energy dispatch management of the microgrid through interface routing. The generator set pre-start signal K1.1 of the first intermediate relay K1 is valid, allowing the generator set to start and stop. The generator set start and stop operation command is controlled and input by the external microgrid system through the first control interface 15. Specifically, it can be output through the dry contact of the microgrid energy storage converter. The conditions for the generator set start and stop command are set to the upper and lower limits of the energy storage system's state of charge (SOC) (e.g., 40% start, 90% stop).

[0047] 3. Power system voltage monitoring and dynamic switching interlock

[0048] When the first voltage monitoring relay Y1 detects and confirms a mains power fault, the first contactor C1 opens, and the first intermediate relay K1 sends a pre-start signal K1.1 to allow the unit to start. When the external energy storage system's SOC reaches the lower limit, the unit receives a start command through the first control interface 15. After the unit starts and the first circuit breaker closes successfully, the second voltage monitoring relay Y2 detects and confirms that the unit is operating normally, and the second contactor C2 closes, completing the dynamic switching from mains power to the generator set. When the first intermediate relay K1's pre-start signal K1.1 is set as a direct start / stop signal, the... The generator set will directly start and stop based on this signal, ignoring the SOC limit start and stop commands of the external energy storage system. When the first voltage monitoring relay Y1 detects and confirms that the mains power has returned to normal, the second contactor C2 contacts open and the first contactor C1 contacts close, completing the dynamic switching from the generator set to the mains power. At the same time, the K1.1 signal state of the first intermediate relay K1 reverses, triggering the unit shutdown process. During any dynamic switching process, the first bus 5 experiences intermittent power outages. The two-way switching between the generator set and the mains power adopts an asymmetrical control loop to ensure reliable locking of the operating state and avoid operational jumps under extreme conditions.

[0049] 4. Static fast switching and uninterrupted power supply

[0050] In the event of any voltage fault, power outage, voltage recovery, or dynamic switching operation of the mains power supply or generator set, the static switching switch 8 will detect the power supply side fault, power interruption, or voltage recovery status at the third voltage sampling point d3 and transmit it to the external energy storage system converter through the first control interface 15. The control signal interlocks between the static switching switch 8 and the external energy storage system converter to complete a millisecond-level rapid switching. The switching coordination method between the static switching switch 8 and the external energy storage system converter is to first turn off and then turn on or change the operating state. The millisecond-level switching achieves seamless power continuity, thereby ensuring uninterrupted power supply to the second bus 10 and meeting the requirements of critical loads. Specifically, under steady-state operation, the mains power or generator set supplies power to the load, charges the external energy storage system, or maintains full charge through the static switching switch 8. When the mains power or generator set experiences a power supply failure, voltage abnormality, or dynamic switching power outage, the static switching switch 8 turns off, and the external energy storage system converter switches to a discharging state. When the mains power or generator set power supply voltage returns to normal and stable, the external energy storage system converter adjusts the synchronous phase lock and switches with the static switching switch 8 at the current zero-crossing point, and the external energy storage system converter switches from a discharging state to a charging state.

[0051] 5. Flexible application across multiple scenarios with a single device

[0052] Besides microgrid application scenarios where all interfaces are in use, different interface combinations can be used according to the actual needs of other scenarios. When all interfaces are used but the external connection of the second power interface 12 is only an energy storage system, this invention is a UPS uninterruptible power supply system with a fast static switching switch; when the second power interface 12 and the first control interface 15 are not needed, and the third circuit breaker 9 is closed, this invention is used as a dual power supply system of mains power + backup power; in scenarios where there is no mains power, microgrid, and energy storage system access, this invention can be used as a regular diesel generator unit, which is of great significance for project transition, including temporary power supply and commissioning work at different stages.

Claims

1. A diesel generator set with integrated multi-functional interface, comprising a generator main unit, a generator controller, a first circuit breaker, a second circuit breaker, a third circuit breaker, a fourth circuit breaker, a fifth circuit breaker, a dynamic switching unit, a static switching switch, a first busbar, a second busbar, a first power interface, a second power interface, a third power interface, and a first control interface; The dynamic switching unit includes a first voltage monitoring relay and its normally open and normally closed contacts, a second voltage monitoring relay and its normally open contacts, a first contactor and its main contacts and auxiliary normally closed contacts, a second contactor and its main contacts and auxiliary normally closed contacts, a first intermediate relay and its normally closed contacts, a first voltage sampling point, and a second voltage sampling point; the static switching switch includes a third voltage sampling point. The generator set, generator controller and first circuit breaker are integrated into a generator set system, and the remaining parts are integrated into a set of integrated cabinets, which provide integrated switching and external interface functions; the generator set system and the integrated cabinets are integrated into a multi-functional interface diesel generator set. The generator set is electrically connected to the second contactor main contact input terminal of the dynamic switching unit via the first circuit breaker and the second voltage sampling point; the unit controller controls the generator set and the first circuit breaker, and receives control from the normally closed contact output signal of the first intermediate relay of the dynamic switching unit; the unit controller is connected to the first control interface: outputting unit status signals, inputting unit start-stop control commands, and outputting unit operation data via RS485 communication connection; The main contact input terminal of the first contactor of the dynamic switching unit is connected to the first power interface via the second circuit breaker through the first voltage sampling point. The first power interface can be used to connect to the external power grid mains power supply. The main contact output terminals of the first and second contactors of the dynamic switching unit are respectively connected to the first bus power supply. The first and second voltage sampling points of the dynamic switching unit are respectively detected by the first and second voltage monitoring relays and connected to the first control interface. After the static switching switch and the third circuit breaker are connected in parallel, their two ends are respectively connected to the first bus and the second bus. The third voltage sampling point is taken from the power grid side of the static switching switch. The input control point, CAN protocol bus communication port, and third voltage sampling point of the static switching switch are respectively connected to the first control interface. The first control interface can be used to connect to the corresponding input and output control of the converter of the external microgrid energy storage system for sampling detection, signal control, and data communication. The second busbar is connected to the second power interface and the third power interface respectively through the fourth circuit breaker and the fifth circuit breaker; The second power interface can be used to connect to the power output terminal of the converter of an external microgrid energy storage system; The third power interface can be used to connect external microgrid user loads or critical loads; In the dynamic switching unit, the first contactor is controlled by the normally open contact of the first voltage monitoring relay and the normally closed contact of the second contactor connected in series; the second contactor is controlled by the normally open contact of the second voltage monitoring relay, the normally closed contact of the first voltage monitoring relay, and the normally closed contact of the first contactor connected in series; the first intermediate relay is controlled by the normally open contact of the first voltage monitoring relay; the normally closed contact output of the first intermediate relay is connected to the generator controller to provide the generator set with a pre-start / stop control signal or a start / stop control signal.

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