A carbon trading implementation method for water transfer project water resources management

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for realizing carbon trading in water transfer project water resources management in the technical field of carbon sink value measurement, which includes the following steps: Step 1) Data collection, and the collected data includes water resources data, ecological environment data, remote sensing image data of the research area, and the latest carbon price of the carbon emission exchange; Step 2) Analysis of land use change, and the land use type is obtained by interpreting remote sensing images. The water receiving area of the water transfer project is divided into four landscape types: forest, cultivated land, grassland, and wetland water area; Step 3) Calculation of carbon sink capacity; the net carbon sink amounts of forests, cultivated lands, grasslands, and wetland water areas driven by the water resources of the water transfer project; Step 4) Calculation of carbon trading amount, and according to the calculated net carbon sink amount and the corresponding carbon price, the carbon trading amount is calculated. The present invention can help fill the gap in this field and lay a foundation for subsequent research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of carbon trading implementation methods for water transfer project water resource management, and particularly relates to a carbon trading implementation method for water transfer project water resource management. Background Art

[0002] With the development of today's society, the energy demand is increasing day by day, which has led to the extensive use of fossil energy. The most direct result of this is the massive emission of carbon dioxide, and the massive emission of carbon dioxide has directly led to the intensification of the greenhouse effect. Therefore, the research on carbon cycle and carbon accounting has attracted great attention from scholars all over the world.

[0003] As an important carbon pool in the ecosystem, water resources are an important part of the interaction between the carbon cycle and the atmosphere, playing a huge role. The main calculation methods for carbon trading amounts are as follows: (1) Artificial fixed carbon dioxide cost method. That is, the carbon sink value is calculated based on the price of artificially fixing a unit mass of carbon dioxide. (2) Afforestation cost method. The main measure to increase the carbon sink is to plant trees, because plant photosynthesis can absorb a large amount of carbon dioxide. It can be said that forest land is a huge carbon sink. By calculating the manufacturing cost of artificial forest land per unit area and then calculating the carbon storage of this forest land, the cost of the carbon sink can be calculated, and based on this, the carbon sink value can be calculated. (3) Carbon tax method. Carbon tax is a pollution tax that promotes greenhouse gas emission reduction and the use of clean energy. It mainly targets carbon dioxide generated by burning fossil fuels. In the 1980s, people began to pay attention to the issues of climate and fossil fuel substitution, and the tax system became the most direct tool to inhibit oil use and promote the search for oil substitutes. Carbon tax has also attracted the attention of countries and regions around the world due to its simplicity, feasibility and fairness. Sweden introduced a carbon tax during its energy tax reform in 1991, aiming to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and accelerate industrial reform and innovation. Now, the Swedish carbon tax rate is widely used by domestic and foreign scholars to calculate the carbon sink value of regions. (4) Market value method. Carbon emission exchanges are set up in different countries and regions, similar to the stock market. In this way, carbon sinks can be incorporated into market transactions, which can better protect the environment and improve people's environmental awareness. Through the price of carbon per unit mass provided by the carbon emission exchange, the economic value of the carbon sink can be calculated.

[0004] However, at present, there is less research on the carbon trading implementation method for water transfer project water resource management. How to quantitatively analyze the carbon sink value of the water receiving area ecosystem during the water resource flow process is one of the urgent problems to be solved in adjusting the carbon sink interest relationship between the upstream and downstream. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the existing technology, the present invention provides a method for realizing carbon trading in the water transfer project's water resources management, which can help fill the gap in this field and lay a foundation for subsequent research.

[0006] The object of the present invention is achieved as follows: A method for realizing carbon trading in the water transfer project's water resources management, including the following steps:

[0007] Step 1) Data collection, the collected data includes water resources data, ecological environment data, remote sensing image data of the research area, and the latest carbon price in the carbon emission trading market.

[0008] Step 2) Analysis of land use change, the land use type is obtained by interpreting remote sensing images. The water receiving area of the water transfer project is divided into four landscape types: forest, cultivated land, grassland, and wetland water area.

[0009] Step 3) Calculation of carbon sink capacity; the net carbon sink of cultivated land, forest, and grassland driven by the water resources of the water transfer project is the carbon sink under the condition of water transfer minus the carbon sink under the condition of no water transfer.

[0010] Step 4) Calculation of carbon trading amount, according to the calculated net carbon sink and the latest carbon price, calculate the carbon trading amount and conduct carbon trading.

[0011] As a further limitation of the present invention, in step 2), the land use type is specifically obtained by interpreting the landsat 8 remote sensing image using the ENVI5.0 software and ARGIS10.7 by means of supervised classification.

[0012] As a further limitation of the present invention, step 2) also includes: establishing a remote sensing image interpretation mark for the vegetation type classification system in the water receiving area, extracting relevant land patch information data from the interpretation results in combination with on-site research, quantitatively analyzing the changes in land use type and ecological environment effects along the water transfer project at the district and county scale, through the dynamic changes of land use in the research area, combining with the utilization of water resources in the water transfer project, conducting a spatio-temporal analysis of the changes in land use type in the urban agglomeration along the line due to the transferred water resources, using the Markov model to quantitatively analyze the changes in the area of the original vegetation cover and its transfer to other main types. The transfer matrix formula for describing the conversion status between land type areas by the model is:

[0013] In the formula: P ij represents the area of a certain land type converted from the initial stage to the final stage within a certain time period.

[0014] As a further limitation of the present invention, in step 3), the net carbon sink ΔC is calculated using the following formula:

[0015] ΔC = C 调水，总 - C 未调水，总 = (C 湿 + C 森 + C 耕 + C 草 ) 调水 - (C 湿 + C 森 + C 耕 + C 草 ) 未调水

[0016] Where: ΔC is the net carbon sink amount (t); C 调水，总 is the total carbon sink amount (t) under the condition of water diversion; C 未调水，总 is the total carbon sink amount (t) without water diversion;

[0017] As a further limitation of the present invention, step 3) is specifically:

[0018] Estimate the wetland type, vegetation biomass, vegetation carbon storage, and soil carbon storage in the water-receiving area respectively, and select a suitable carbon sink measurement method according to different land use types:

[0019] The carbon fixation value of wetland water area is fixed dissolved organic carbon DOC and dissolved inorganic carbon DIC. DOC is the main carbon storage, which directly determines the carbon fixation potential and carbon fixation amount of lake or river wetland;

[0020] The calculation formula of DIC in water body is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] Where: C DIC is the carbon fixation amount of the DIC part of the water body; V i is the volume of the water body; A i is the content of carbon dioxide in the water body at different temperatures; i is the month;

[0023] The organic carbon part in the water body is divided into particulate organic carbon POC and dissolved organic carbon DOC. The content of POC is generally 10 times that of DOC. The calculation formula of carbon fixation amount is as follows:

[0024] DOC = COD × 0.375

[0025] POC = 10 × DOC

[0026] C DOC = (DOC + POC) × V 水体

[0027] Where: C DOCis the carbon sequestration amount of the DOC part in the water body; DOC is the amount of dissolved organic carbon in the water body within a certain depth range; V 水体 represents the water volume; COD is the chemical oxygen demand of the water body;

[0028] The carbon sequestration amount of aquatic plants is measured and estimated by capturing the water body and the underwater vegetation with a trap, and combined with the following equation based on plant photosynthesis:

[0029] 6CO2 + 6H2O = 6O2 + C6H 12 O6

[0030] W c =(13.51×chla)1.524×V

[0031]

[0032] In the formula: W c is the final dry matter weight of wetland plants; chla is the content of chlorophyll a per unit volume in the water body; V is the volume of lake water; C 水体植物 is the carbon sequestration amount of wetland water body plants;

[0033] The calculation formula for the carbon sequestration amount in the sediment of a lake (river) is as follows:

[0034] C 沉积物 = DBD×TOC%×H

[0035] In the formula: C 沉积物 is the carbon sequestration amount in the sediment of a lake or river; DBD is the dry sample density of the sediment; TOC% is the percentage of total organic carbon in the sediment; H is the sediment thickness in the time series;

[0036] The calculation formula for the carbon sequestration amount in the wetland water area is:

[0037] C 湿 = C 水体植物 + C DIC + C DOC + C 沉积物

[0038] In the formula: C 湿 is the total carbon absorption amount of the wetland; C 水体植物 is the carbon absorption amount of wetland water body plants; C DIC is the carbon absorption amount of the DIC part in the water body; C DOC is the carbon absorption amount of the DOC part in the water body; C 沉积物 is the carbon absorption amount in the sediment of a lake (river);

[0039] The carbon sequestration amounts of forests, cultivated lands, and grasslands are measured using the carbon density method;

[0040] Ci = S i × (C CiVegetation + C CiSoil )

[0041] Where: C i are the carbon sequestration amounts of forest, cultivated land, and grassland respectively; S i is the area of the i-th type of land; C CiVegetaion is the vegetation carbon density of the i-th type of land; C CiSoil is the soil carbon density of the i-th type of land.

[0042] As a further limitation of the present invention, step 4) further includes: The accounting formula for the carbon trading amount is:

[0043] P eco = ΔC × P c (15)

[0044] Where: Peco is the carbon trading amount (yuan) from the water receiving area to the water source area; Pc is the unit carbon price (yuan / t); ΔC is the total net carbon sink amount (t) in the water receiving area.

[0045] The above is the carbon trading method for water transfer project water resources management, which provides a method for realizing the carbon trading amount from the water receiving area to the water source area, breaking through the calculation bottleneck that it is difficult to quantify the value of water resources in the field of carbon trading.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0047] Currently, there are many studies on the carbon sink value of single ecosystems such as cultivated land, forest, and urban green space, but there is insufficient research on the carbon sink value of complex ecosystems driven by water resources. This project uses the difference method, based on ENVI5.0 software and ARCGIS10.7, to analyze the response process of the carbon cycle of the ecosystem in the water receiving area to the water resources of the water transfer project, quantitatively analyze the net carbon sink amount of the urban agglomeration ecosystem in the water receiving area, and achieve a major breakthrough in the technical bottleneck that it is difficult to quantify the carbon sink value of the water transfer project water resources at a larger scale. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to the provided drawings.

[0049] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of land use change analysis in the present invention.

[0050] Figure 2 Specific implementation steps diagram of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0051] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0052] As Figure 1-2 shown, a carbon trading implementation method for water transfer project water resource management includes the following steps:

[0053] 1) Data collection; including water resource data, ecological environment data, remote sensing image data, the latest carbon price of the carbon emission exchange, etc. in the research area.

[0054] 2) Land use change analysis; the land use type is obtained by interpreting the landsat 8 remote sensing image using the supervised classification method with the ENVI5.0 software and ARGIS10.7. The water receiving area of the water transfer project is divided into 4 landscape types: forest, cultivated land, grassland, and wetland water area. A remote sensing image interpretation mark for the vegetation type classification system of the water receiving area is established, and relevant land patch information data is extracted from the interpretation result in combination with on-site research. The land use type and the change of ecological environment effect along the water transfer project are quantitatively analyzed at the district and county scale. Through the dynamic change of land use in the research area and in combination with the utilization of water resources of the water transfer project, a spatio-temporal analysis of the change of land use type in the urban agglomeration along the line due to the transferred water resources is carried out; as Figure 2 shown.

[0055] Use the Markov model to quantitatively analyze the change of the original vegetation coverage area and its transfer to other main types. The conversion status between the land type areas can be described by the model, and its transfer matrix formula is:

[0056]

[0057] In the formula: P ij represents the area of a certain land type at the initial stage converted to a certain land type at the end stage within a certain time period.

[0058] 3) Carbon sink capacity calculation. The net carbon sink amounts of cultivated land, forest, and grassland driven by the water resources of the water transfer project, that is, the carbon sink amount under the condition of water transfer minus the carbon sink amount under the condition of no water transfer, are calculated using the following formula:

[0059] ΔC = C 调水，总 - C 未调水，总 = (C 湿 + C森 +C 耕 +C 草 ) 调水 -(C 湿 +C 森 +C 耕 +C 草 ) 未调水

[0060] Where: ΔC is the net carbon sink amount (t); C 调水，总 is the total carbon sink amount (t) under the condition of water transfer; C 未调水，总 is the total carbon sink amount (t) without water transfer;

[0061] The wetland types, vegetation biomass, vegetation carbon storage, and soil carbon storage in the water-receiving area are estimated respectively below, and suitable carbon sink measurement methods are selected according to different land use types.

[0062] The carbon fixation values of wetland waters are fixed dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). DOC is often the main carbon storage, directly determining the carbon fixation potential and carbon fixation amount of lakes or river wetlands. The calculation formula for DIC in water is as follows:

[0063]

[0064] Where: C DIC is the carbon fixation amount of the DIC part of the water body; V i is the volume of the water body; A i is the content of carbon dioxide in the water body at different temperatures; i is the month.

[0065] The organic carbon part in the water body is divided into particulate organic carbon (POC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The content of POC is generally 10 times that of DOC. The calculation formula for the carbon fixation amount is as follows:

[0066] DOC = COD × 0.375

[0067] POC = 10 × DOC

[0068] C DOC = (DOC + POC) × V 水体

[0069] Where: C DOC is the carbon fixation amount of the DOC part of the water body; DOC is the amount of dissolved organic carbon in the water body in a certain depth interval (mg / L); V 水体 represents the water volume (L); COD is the chemical oxygen demand of the water body (mg / L).

[0070] The carbon sequestration of aquatic plants is measured by using a trap to capture water bodies and underwater vegetation, estimating the biomass captured in wetland water bodies through measurement, and calculating it in combination with the plant photosynthesis equation (10):

[0071] 6CO2 + 6H2O = 6O2 + C6H 12 O6

[0072] W c =(13.51 × chla)1.524 × V

[0073]

[0074] Where: W c is the final dry matter weight of wetland plants (g); chla is the content of chlorophyll a per unit volume in the water body (μg / L); V is the volume of the lake water body; C 水体植物 is the carbon sequestration of wetland water body plants.

[0075] The calculation formula for the carbon sequestration in sediments of lakes (rivers) is as follows:

[0076] C 沉积物 = DBD × TOC% × H

[0077] Where: C 沉积物 is the carbon sequestration in sediments of lakes (rivers); DBD is the dry sample density of sediments (g / m 2 ); TOC% is the percentage of total organic carbon in sediments; H is the sediment thickness in the time series (based on one year).

[0078] The calculation formula for the carbon sequestration of wetland waters is:

[0079] C 湿 = C 水体植物 + C DIC + C DOC + C 沉积物

[0080] Where: C 湿 is the total carbon absorption of the wetland; C 水体植物 is the carbon absorption of wetland water body plants; C DIC is the carbon absorption of the DIC part of the water body; C DOC is the carbon absorption of the DOC part of the water body; C 沉积物 is the carbon absorption of sediments in lakes (rivers).

[0081] The carbon sequestration of forests, cultivated lands, and grasslands is measured by the carbon density method.

[0082]

[0083] Where: P Cis the total carbon sequestration of forest, cultivated land and grassland; S i is the area of the i-th type of land; C CiVegetaion is the vegetation carbon density of the i-th type of land; C CiSoil is the soil carbon density of the i-th type of land.

[0084] 4) Carbon trading amount accounting. Calculate the carbon sink value based on the calculated net carbon sink amount and the latest carbon price, and conduct carbon trading.

[0085] The formula for calculating the carbon trading amount is:

[0086] P eco = ΔC × P c (15)

[0087] In the formula: Peco is the carbon trading amount (yuan) from the water receiving area to the water source area; Pc is the unit carbon price (yuan / t);

[0088] ΔC is the total net carbon sink amount (t) of the water receiving area.

[0089] 5) Put forward relevant suggestions based on the carbon trading amount of the water receiving area of the water diversion project. Evaluate the ecological and economic benefits generated by the water diversion project according to the calculated carbon trading amount, analyze the possibility of water resources carbon trading in the water diversion project, and provide scientific countermeasure suggestions for reference in the management of future water diversion projects.

[0090] The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon trading implementation method for water transfer project water resources management, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1) Data collection. The collected data includes water resource data, ecological environment data, remote sensing image data of the research area, and the latest carbon price in the carbon emission trading market. Step 2) Analysis of land use change. The land use types are obtained by interpreting remote sensing images. The water receiving area of the water diversion project is divided into four landscape types: forest, cultivated land, grassland, and wetland water area. Step 3) Calculation of carbon sink capacity. The net carbon sink amounts of cultivated land, forest, and grassland driven by the water resources of the water diversion project are the carbon sink amounts under the condition of water diversion minus the carbon sink amounts under the condition of no water diversion. The net carbon sink amount ΔC is calculated using the following formula: The net carbon sink amounts of cultivated land, forest, grassland, and water area wetland driven by the water resources of the water diversion project are the carbon sink amounts under the condition of water diversion minus the carbon sink amounts under the condition of no water diversion, and are calculated using the following formula: ； Where: ΔC is the net carbon sink (t); C 调水，总 is the total carbon sink (t) under the condition of water diversion; C 未调水，总 is the total carbon sink (t) without water diversion; Among them, according to different land use types, suitable carbon sink measurement methods are selected to estimate the wetland types, vegetation biomass, vegetation carbon storage, and soil carbon storage in the water receiving area. The carbon sequestration value of wetland waters is fixed dissolved organic carbon and dissolved inorganic carbon , which is the most important carbon storage, directly determining the carbon sequestration potential and carbon sequestration amount of lakes or river wetlands; In the water body The calculation formula is as follows: ； In the formula: is the carbon sequestration amount of the water body part; is the volume of the water body; is the content of carbon dioxide in the water body at different temperatures; is the month; The organic carbon in water bodies is divided into particulate organic carbon and dissolved organic carbon into two parts, among which the content is generally 10 times that of , and the calculation formula for the carbon sequestration amount is as follows: In the formula: is the carbon sequestration amount of the water body part; is the amount of dissolved organic carbon in the water body within a certain depth range; represents the water volume; is the chemical oxygen demand of the water body; The carbon fixation amount of aquatic plants is measured by using a trap to capture water bodies and underwater vegetation, and through the measurement and estimation of the biomass captured in the wetland water body, combined with the following equation of plant photosynthesis for calculation: In the formula: is the final dry matter mass of wetland plants; is the content of chlorophyll a per unit volume in the water body; is the volume of the lake water body; is the carbon fixation amount of wetland water body plants; The calculation formula for the carbon fixation amount of sediments in lakes (rivers) is as follows: Wherein: is the sediment carbon sequestration in lakes or rivers; is the dry sample density of the sediment; is the percentage content of total organic carbon in the sediment; is the sediment thickness in the time series; The calculation formula for the carbon fixation amount of wetland water area is: In the formula: is the total carbon absorption of the wetland; is the carbon absorption of wetland water plants; is the carbon absorption of the water body part; is the carbon absorption of the water body part; is the sediment carbon absorption in the lake (river); The carbon fixation amounts of forest land, cultivated land, and grassland are calculated using the carbon density method. Where: are the carbon sequestration amounts of forest, cultivated land, and grassland, respectively; is the area of the th type of land; is the vegetation carbon density of the i-th type of land; is the soil carbon density of the th type of land; Step 4) Calculation of carbon trading amount. According to the calculated net carbon sink amount and the latest carbon price, the carbon trading amount is calculated, and thus carbon trading of water resources can be carried out.

2. The carbon trading implementation method for water transfer project water resources management according to claim 1, characterized in that In Step 2), the land use types are specifically obtained by interpreting the landsat 8 remote sensing images using the ENVI5.0 software and ARGIS10.7 through the supervised classification method.

3. The carbon trading implementation method for water transfer project water resources management according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Step 2) also includes: establishing a remote sensing image interpretation mark for the vegetation type classification system in the water receiving area, extracting relevant land use patch information data from the interpretation results in combination with on-site investigations, quantitatively analyzing the changes in land use types and ecological environment effects along the water diversion project at the county scale, through the dynamic changes of land use in the research area, combining with the utilization of water resources of the water diversion project, conducting spatio-temporal analysis of the changes in land use types in the urban agglomerations along the line due to the diverted water resources, using the Markov model to quantitatively analyze the changes in the area of the original vegetation cover and its transfer to other main types. The transfer matrix formula for describing the conversion situation between land type areas by the model is: Wherein: represents the area of a certain land type at the initial stage converted to a certain land type at the final stage within a certain time period.

4. The carbon trading implementation method for water transfer project water resources management according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Step 4 is specifically: The accounting formula for the carbon trading amount is: （15） In the formula: Peco is the carbon trading amount (yuan) from the water receiving area to the water source area; Pc is the unit carbon price (yuan / t); ΔC is the total net carbon sink amount (t) in the water receiving area.

Images