A permanent magnet eddy current brake

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of eddy current braking system, and particularly relates to a permanent magnetic eddy current brake. The technical scheme is as follows: a permanent magnetic eddy current brake comprises a metal brake plate unit and a brake magnet unit, the brake magnet unit comprises a permanent magnet array, and the permanent magnet array is arranged close to the metal brake plate unit; as viewed from the metal brake plate unit to the permanent magnet array, the magnet poles of the magnets on the right side of the permanent magnet array are deflected in a clockwise direction relative to the magnet poles of the magnets on the left side, and the deflection angle is less than 180 DEG. The application provides a permanent magnetic eddy current brake capable of improving the utilization rate of magnets.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of eddy current braking system, and particularly relates to a permanent magnetic eddy current brake. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the eddy current braking system has certain application in amusement facilities, such as the permanent magnetic braking system of a roller coaster and a free fall tower, which mainly comprises a permanent magnet array, a metal braking plate and other mounting plates. Compared with the traditional braking mode of the amusement facilities, the permanent magnetic eddy current braking system has considerable technical advantages. The biggest advantage is that the permanent magnetic eddy current braking system is a non-contact braking system, and generally does not appear wear and braking failure, and does not need power supply for work, so that the system has high stability and reliability. The permanent magnetic eddy current braking system has compact structure, less components and low precision requirement. The braking force is stable, and the braking process has high comfort.

[0003] In the permanent magnetic eddy current braking system of the amusement facilities, the permanent magnet array is arranged on one side of a cabin close to a track, and the metal braking plate is mounted on the track, and the metal braking plate can be selected from an aluminum plate, a copper plate or a steel plate. The existing permanent magnetic eddy current braking system of the amusement facilities faces the following technical problems: the permanent magnet used by the system has large mass, which increases the mass of the cabin itself and the load of the braking system, and the permanent magnet array needs to be designed to be lightweight. In addition, since the braking force of the permanent magnetic eddy current brake gradually decreases with the decrease of the speed, the deceleration of the cabin is very small when the speed is low, and sufficient permanent magnets and a long braking plate are needed to ensure that the full-load cabin is reduced to the set value in the deceleration stage. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a permanent magnetic eddy current brake capable of improving the utilization rate of magnets.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0006] A permanent magnetic eddy current brake comprises a metal braking plate unit and a braking magnet unit, the braking magnet unit comprises a permanent magnet array, and the permanent magnet array is arranged close to the metal braking plate unit; as viewed from the metal braking plate unit to the permanent magnet array, the magnetic poles of the magnets on the right side of the permanent magnet array are deflected in a clockwise direction relative to the magnetic poles of the magnets on the left side, and the deflection angle is less than 180°.

[0007] The magnetic pole of the right magnet in the permanent magnet array of the application deflects counterclockwise relative to the adjacent left magnet, and the adjacent magnetic force lines are pressed against each other, finally resulting in the concentration of the external magnetic force lines of the magnetic field to the side of the permanent magnet array close to the metal brake plate unit, and the magnetic field on this side is strengthened. All the magnetic blocks in the permanent magnet array can provide the magnetic potential required for generating effective magnetic field, and the magnetic field generated by the array is strong enough to improve the utilization rate of the magnet. After this arrangement, the magnetic field of the working gap can be greatly improved with equal mass magnets, which is beneficial to the lightweight design of the cabin.

[0008] As a preferred scheme of the application, the deflection angle of any magnetic pole of the permanent magnet array relative to the adjacent left magnet is the same, and the deflection angle is 45° or 90° clockwise. In actual engineering applications, four-module or eight-module structures are adopted to strengthen the magnetic field on the side close to the metal brake plate unit.

[0009] As a preferred scheme of the application, the number of the permanent magnet array is two groups, and the two groups of permanent magnet arrays are arranged on the two sides of the metal brake plate unit. The permanent magnet array is arranged on the two sides of the metal brake plate unit, thereby ensuring the stability of the cabin operation.

[0010] As a preferred scheme of the application, the brake magnet unit further comprises a mounting bracket, a magnet mounting shell is connected in the mounting bracket, the permanent magnet array is arranged in the magnet mounting shell, and a cover plate for sealing the permanent magnet array is connected to the side of the magnet mounting shell close to the metal brake plate unit. The magnet mounting shell is supported by the mounting bracket, and the magnet mounting shell is used for placing the arranged magnets, and the opening of the magnet mounting shell is sealed by the cover plate.

[0011] As a preferred scheme of the application, the magnetic pole direction of each magnet of the permanent magnet array is horizontal or vertical.

[0012] As a preferred scheme of the application, the metal brake plate unit comprises a plurality of mounting support plates, a metal brake plate is mounted on each mounting support plate, and the permanent magnet array is arranged close to the metal brake plate. The metal brake plate is supported by the mounting support plates, and the permanent magnet array is arranged close to the metal brake plate, thereby generating permanent magnet eddy current between them.

[0013] As a preferred scheme of the application, cooling pipes for cooling the metal brake plate are arranged between the mounting support plates. When the eddy current brake is working, the kinetic energy of the cabin is finally dissipated in the form of heat energy, so the cooling function of the permanent magnet eddy current brake needs to be started for the amusement facility with large brake power, and the metal brake plate is cooled by the cooling pipes to avoid high temperature rise of the brake plate.

[0014] As a preferred scheme of the application, the number of the metal brake plate is two, and the two metal brake plates are respectively connected to the two sides of the mounting support plates.

[0015] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the metal brake plate comprises high-speed brake plates and low-speed brake plates spliced with each other, and the magnetic permeability of the high-speed brake plates is higher than that of the low-speed brake plates. Because the induced magnetic field intensity of brake plates of different materials is different under the same speed domain condition, the low-speed brake plates can generate greater braking force. The present application divides the brake plates into high-speed and low-speed two regions, can provide stronger braking force for the cabin in the low-speed stage, improves the braking power of the eddy current brake, and simultaneously reduces the length of the brake plate.

[0016] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the splicing lines of the high-speed brake plates and the low-speed brake plates are inclined relative to the vertical line. The transition section is arranged between the high-speed brake plates and the low-speed brake plates, which can reduce the vibration caused by the sudden change of the braking force. When the amusement facility is in the deceleration working condition, the cabin enters the deceleration stage, the vehicle-mounted magnet interacts with the high-speed brake plate, generates braking force far greater than the weight of itself, the cabin starts to decelerate, and the braking force gradually decreases. When the speed is approximately near the "critical speed", the cabin enters the action region of the low-speed brake plate, the cabin continues to decelerate to the balance state of the set speed, and finally stops under the action of the brake.

[0017] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. In the permanent magnet array of the present application, the magnetic poles of the right magnet are deflected in the counterclockwise direction relative to the magnetic poles of the adjacent left magnet, so that the external magnetic lines of the magnetic field are concentrated to the side of the permanent magnet array close to the metal brake plate unit. All the magnetic blocks in the permanent magnet array can provide the magnetic potential required for generating the effective magnetic field, the magnetic field generated by the array is strong enough, and the utilization rate of the magnet is improved. After the arrangement, the magnetic field of the working gap of the magnet of the same quality can be greatly improved, which is beneficial to the lightweight design of the cabin.

[0019] 2. The metal brake plate of the present application comprises high-speed brake plates and low-speed brake plates spliced with each other. According to the different induced magnetic field intensity of brake plates of different materials under the same speed domain condition, the low-speed brake plates can generate greater braking force, and the length of the brake plate is reduced. Moreover, the splicing lines of the high-speed brake plates and the low-speed brake plates are inclined relative to the vertical line, and the transition section is formed, which can reduce the vibration caused by the sudden change of the braking force. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 is a display schematic diagram of the permanent magnet array;

[0022] Figure 3 is a left view of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 is a front view of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the external magnetic field of the permanent magnet array of the present application.

[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the external magnetic field of the permanent magnet array of the present application.

[0026] In the figure: 1-metal brake plate unit; 2-brake magnet unit; 11-mounting support plate; 12-metal brake plate; 13-cooling pipe; 21-permanent magnet array; 22-mounting support; 23-magnet mounting shell; 24-cover plate; 121-high-speed brake plate; 122-low-speed brake plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0029] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the permanent magnet eddy current brake of the present embodiment comprises a metal brake plate 12 unit 1 and a brake magnet unit 2, the brake magnet unit 2 comprises a permanent magnet array 21, the permanent magnet array 21 is arranged close to the metal brake plate 12 unit 1; from the metal brake plate 12 unit 1 to the permanent magnet array 21, the magnetic poles of the magnets on the right side of the permanent magnet array 21 are deflected in the clockwise direction relative to the magnetic poles of the adjacent magnets on the left side, and the deflection angle is less than 180°.

[0030] Permanent magnet eddy current braking principle: when the metal brake plate 12 moves relative to the magnetic field of the permanent magnet array 21 of the cabin, the metal brake plate 12 cuts the magnetic lines of force to generate induced electromotive force and eddy current, the induced magnetic field of the eddy current interacts with the source magnetic field of the permanent magnet to generate a braking force in the opposite direction of the movement direction.

[0031] The magnetic poles of the magnets on the right side of the permanent magnet array 21 are deflected clockwise relative to the magnetic poles of the adjacent magnets on the left side, and the maximum magnetic field is generated by using fewer magnets. The permanent magnet eddy current brake of the amusement device using the array can effectively reduce the mass of the magnets and improve the braking power and shorten the braking distance.

[0032] Since the magnetization angles of the adjacent magnetic blocks are not parallel, the magnetic lines of force of the adjacent magnetic blocks are pressed against each other, and finally the external magnetic lines of force of the magnetic field are concentrated on one side of the array. The magnetic blocks of the array are arranged regularly and symmetrically, but the upper and lower magnetic fields of the array are not symmetric, the magnetic field on one side of the array is almost zero, and the magnetic field on the other side is strengthened. All the magnetic blocks in the array can provide the magnetic potential required to generate an effective magnetic field, the magnetic field generated by the array is strong enough, the utilization rate of the magnets is improved, and therefore the array can replace the array with alternating positive and negative magnetic poles as the on-board magnet of the permanent magnet eddy current brake of the amusement device. The external magnetic field of the ideal structure array can be decomposed into horizontal and vertical components, and the two magnetic field components have the same properties, vary along the horizontal direction in a sinusoidal manner, but there is a certain phase difference between the two components.

[0033] The magnetic field on the strengthened side of the ideal permanent magnet array varies according to an approximate sinusoidal curve, and if the end effect is ignored, the total magnetic field decays exponentially, the magnetic field in the x and y axis directions is distributed in a sinusoidal manner, and the magnetic field component at (x, y) of any point below the array is:

[0034] ;

[0035] ;

[0036] In the formula, B0 is the peak value of the magnetic field on the surface of the strengthened side of the array.

[0037] The relationship between B0 and the residual magnetization strength B r is as follows:

[0038] ;

[0039] In the formula, m is the number of array modules, d is the thickness of the permanent magnet, and k is the frequency.

[0040] .

[0041] In the formula, λ is the wavelength of the array, and l is the length in the wavelength direction of the magnetic block.

[0042] According to the simulation calculation results, the external magnetic field distribution characteristics of the two arrays are compared, the magnetic field calculation results of the ordinary array are shown in Figure 5 , and the external magnetic field calculation results of the permanent magnet array 21 of the application are shown in Figure 6The magnetic force lines of the common magnet array are symmetrically distributed up and down, and the magnetic force lines of the permanent magnet array 21 of the application are almost concentrated below the array, and there are few magnetic force lines above the array, which has the characteristics of a "magnetic monopole". The magnetic force line density below the common array is significantly lower than that of the permanent magnet array 21 of the application, and the distribution range of the magnetic force lines below the common array is also much smaller than that of the permanent magnet array 21 of the application. The magnetic force lines near the two ends of the two arrays are irregularly distributed, and a large part of them are dispersed to the two sides of the array.

[0043] As shown in Figure 2 , in one embodiment, the deflection angle of any magnet pole of the permanent magnet array 21 relative to the adjacent left magnet pole is the same, and the deflection angle is 90° in the clockwise direction. That is, the magnet array composed of magnetic blocks arranged in the order of "up, right, down, left, up, right, down, left, …" becomes a four-module permanent magnet array structure. This arrangement can concentrate the magnetic force lines of the magnetic blocks to one side of the array, effectively improving the magnetic field strength on this side of the array, while the magnetic field strength on the other side is almost zero.

[0044] In another embodiment, the deflection angle of any magnet pole of the permanent magnet array 21 relative to the adjacent left magnet pole is the same, and the deflection angle is 45° in the clockwise direction. That is, the magnet array composed of magnetic blocks arranged in the order of "north, northeast, east, southeast, south, southwest, west, northwest, …" becomes an eight-module permanent magnet array structure. This arrangement further enhances the ability to concentrate the magnetic force lines of the magnetic blocks to one side of the array, effectively improving the magnetic field strength on this side of the array.

[0045] In the permanent magnet array 21 of the application, the magnet poles on the right side of the array are deflected relative to the adjacent left magnet poles in the counterclockwise direction, and the adjacent magnetic force lines will "squeeze" each other, eventually causing the external magnetic force lines to concentrate on the side of the permanent magnet array 21 close to the metal brake plate 12 unit 1. The magnetic field on this side is strengthened. All the magnetic blocks in the permanent magnet array 21 can provide the magnetic potential required to generate an effective magnetic field, and the magnetic field generated by the array is strong enough to improve the utilization rate of the magnets. After this arrangement, the magnetic field in the working gap can be greatly improved with equal quality magnets, which is beneficial to the lightweight design of the cabin.

[0046] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the brake magnet unit 2 further comprises a mounting bracket 22, and the mounting bracket 22 is connected with a magnet mounting shell 23 inside. The permanent magnet array 21 is arranged in the magnet mounting shell 23, and the magnet mounting shell 23 is connected with a cover plate 24 for enclosing the permanent magnet array 21 on the side close to the metal brake plate 12 unit 1. The magnet mounting shell 23 is supported by a plurality of mounting brackets 22, and the magnet mounting shell 23 is used to place the arranged magnets, and the opening of the magnet mounting shell 23 is closed by the cover plate 24.

[0047] The number of the permanent magnet arrays 21 is two groups, and the two groups of permanent magnet arrays 21 are arranged on the two sides of the metal brake plate 12 unit 1. The permanent magnet arrays 21 are arranged on the two sides of the metal brake plate 12 unit 1, thereby ensuring the stability of the cabin operation.

[0048] The magnetic pole directions of the magnets of the permanent magnet arrays 21 are all horizontal or all vertical.

[0049] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3 The metal brake plate 12 unit 1 includes a plurality of mounting plates 11, the metal brake plate 12 is mounted on the plurality of mounting plates 11, and the permanent magnet array 21 is arranged close to the metal brake plate 12. The plurality of mounting plates 11 support the metal brake plate 12, the permanent magnet array 21 is arranged close to the metal brake plate 12, and the permanent magnet eddy current is generated between the two. The number of the metal brake plate 12 is two, and the two metal brake plates 12 are connected to the two sides of the plurality of mounting plates 11.

[0050] In order to cool the metal brake plate 12, a cooling pipe 13 for cooling the metal brake plate 12 is arranged between the plurality of mounting plates 11. When the eddy current brake works, the kinetic energy of the cabin is finally dissipated in the form of heat energy, so the cooling function of the permanent magnet eddy current brake needs to be started for the amusement facility with large brake power. The metal brake plate 12 is cooled by the cooling pipe 13 to avoid excessive temperature rise of the brake plate.

[0051] As shown in Figure 4 In order to shorten the length of the brake plate, the metal brake plate 12 includes a high-speed brake plate 121 and a low-speed brake plate 122 which are spliced with each other, and the magnetic permeability of the high-speed brake plate 121 is higher than that of the low-speed brake plate 122. Because the induced magnetic field intensity of brake plates made of different materials is different under the same speed condition, the low-speed brake plate 122 can generate greater braking force. The brake plate is divided into high-speed and low-speed regions in the present application, which can provide stronger braking force for the low-speed stage of the cabin, improve the braking power of the eddy current brake, and at the same time reduce the length of the brake plate.

[0052] In the present embodiment, the low-speed brake plate 122 can be made of non-ferromagnetic metal to provide greater braking force. Specifically, the high-speed brake plate 121 is made of steel plate, and the low-speed brake plate 122 is made of aluminum plate or copper plate with lower cost.

[0053] Furthermore, the splicing line of the high-speed brake plate 121 and the low-speed brake plate 122 is inclined relative to the vertical line. A transition section is arranged between the high-speed brake plate 121 and the low-speed brake plate 122, which can reduce the vibration caused by sudden change of braking force.

[0054] According to the technical parameters of the amusement facility, the working gap of the brake is selected, the appropriate permanent magnet is calculated, the "critical speed" corresponding to two kinds of brake plate materials is obtained through calculation, the tail speed of the deceleration stage is set, the transition section of the high-speed and low-speed brake plate 122 is selected, and the transition section of the joint line of the high-speed brake plate and the low-speed brake plate 122 is inclined to reduce the vibration caused by the sudden change of the braking force as much as possible.

[0055] When the amusement facility is in the deceleration working condition, the cabin enters the deceleration stage, the vehicle-mounted magnet interacts with the high-speed brake plate 121, a braking force far greater than the weight of the vehicle-mounted magnet is generated, the cabin starts to decelerate, and the braking force gradually decreases. When the speed is approximately near the "critical speed", the cabin enters the action area of the low-speed brake plate 122, the cabin continues to decelerate to the balance state of the set speed, and finally stops under the action of the brake.

[0056] The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned optional embodiments, and anyone can derive other various forms of products under the inspiration of the present application, but regardless of any changes in shape or structure, any technical solution falling within the scope defined by the claims of the present application falls within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet eddy current brake characterised in that: The brake magnet unit (2) comprises a permanent magnet array (21) arranged close to the metal brake plate unit (1); as viewed from the metal brake plate unit (1) to the permanent magnet array (21), the magnetic poles of the magnets on the right side of the permanent magnet array (21) are deflected in a clockwise direction relative to the magnetic poles of the magnets on the left side, and the deflection angle is less than 180°. The brake magnet unit (2) further comprises a mounting bracket (22) with a magnet mounting shell (23) connected therein, the permanent magnet array (21) is arranged in the magnet mounting shell (23), and the magnet mounting shell (23) is connected with a cover plate (24) for sealing the permanent magnet array (21) on the side close to the metal brake plate unit (1). The metal brake plate unit (1) comprises a plurality of mounting support plates (11), and a metal brake plate (12) is mounted on each mounting support plate (11), and the permanent magnet array (21) is arranged close to the metal brake plate (12). The metal brake plate (12) comprises a high-speed brake plate (121) and a low-speed brake plate (122) spliced with each other, the magnetic permeability of the high-speed brake plate (121) is higher than that of the low-speed brake plate (122), and the splicing line of the high-speed brake plate (121) and the low-speed brake plate (122) is inclined relative to the vertical line.

2. A permanent magnet eddy current brake according to claim 1, characterised in that: The deflection angle of any magnetic pole of the permanent magnet array (21) relative to the magnetic pole of the adjacent left magnet is the same, and the deflection angle is 45° or 90° in the clockwise direction.

3. A permanent magnet eddy current brake according to claim 1, wherein: The number of the permanent magnet array (21) is two groups, and the two groups of permanent magnet arrays (21) are arranged on the two sides of the metal brake plate unit (1).

4. A permanent magnet eddy current brake according to claim 1, wherein: The magnetic pole directions of the plurality of magnets of the permanent magnet array (21) are all horizontal or all vertical.

5. A permanent magnet eddy current brake according to claim 1, wherein: Cooling pipes (13) for cooling the metal brake plate (12) are arranged between the plurality of mounting support plates (11).

6. A permanent magnet eddy current brake according to claim 5 wherein: The number of the metal brake plate (12) is two, and the two metal brake plates (12) are respectively connected to the two sides of the plurality of mounting support plates (11).

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