A reaction device for testing the disintegration degree of plastic materials

Abstract

The present invention discloses a reaction device for testing the disintegration degree of plastic materials, which comprises a cabinet body, a reaction chamber, reaction cylinders, stirrers, spray heads, first temperature probes, condensers, second temperature probes, humidity probes and water receivers; each reaction cylinder corresponds to a set of stirrer, spray head and first temperature probe, all the reaction cylinders are placed in the reaction chamber, the reaction chamber and the water receiver are installed in the cabinet body in a drawer-pulling manner, the condenser is installed on the top of the cabinet body, and the second temperature probe and the humidity probe are installed on the inner side of the cabinet body. The above device integrates the reaction, stirring, temperature and humidity detection adjustment of the disintegration test in the cabinet body, with reasonable and simple structure, high integration degree, small floor area, high efficiency, convenient use, and can detect multiple samples simultaneously; further, it realizes automatic pressure relief, facilitates the adjustment of the temperature probe in the material, prolongs the service life of the temperature probe, and realizes the automation of detection through the PLC control system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a reaction device for testing the disintegration degree of plastic materials, belonging to the technical field of disintegration performance testing. Background Art

[0002] The degradable material industry is an emerging industry with very rapid development. Due to its high production cost, some merchants take advantage of the similar appearance characteristics of ordinary plastic products and degradable plastic products to conduct false propaganda and pass off the false as the genuine, which has aggravated the adverse impact of "white pollution" on the environment and also restricted the rapid and healthy development of the degradable material industry.

[0003] The detection and certification of the disintegration performance of degradable materials are the key means to judge whether degradable material products are compliant. The disintegration performance test of degradable materials is actually an aerobic composting process. Aerobic composting is a process in which aerobic bacteria absorb, oxidize, and decompose waste under good ventilation conditions and sufficient oxygen. Through their own life activities, aerobic microorganisms oxidize a part of the absorbed organic matter into simple inorganic substances, and at the same time release the energy required for the growth and activities of microorganisms, while the other part of the organic matter is synthesized into new cytoplasm, enabling the microorganisms to grow and reproduce continuously, producing more organisms.

[0004] According to international testing standards, foreign testing institutions need hundreds of square meters of experimental sites to assemble testing devices. During the testing cycle of up to 3 - 6 months, only 1 - 3 samples can be tested simultaneously. And during the experiment, it is necessary to control the temperature, humidity, oxygen content, etc. of the environment, and the operators need to do a good job in measurement, stirring, parameter adjustment, etc. according to the requirements. Therefore, the inventor has designed a reaction device for testing the disintegration degree of plastic materials with high integration, high throughput, and high precision. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a reaction device for testing the disintegration degree of plastic materials, which integrates the reaction, stirring, temperature and humidity detection and adjustment of the disintegration test in the cabinet body, with high integration, small floor area, high efficiency, simple structure and convenient use.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0007] A reaction device for testing the disintegration degree of plastic materials, comprising a cabinet body, a reaction chamber, a reaction cylinder, a stirrer, a spray head, a first temperature probe, a condenser, a second temperature probe, a humidity probe and a water receiver;

[0008] The top of the cabinet body is provided with an openable top cover; the inner side of the cabinet body is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by a support plate, and the support plate is of a mesh structure;

[0009] The reaction chamber is a box structure with an open top, and the bottom of the reaction chamber is a mesh structure. The reaction chamber is divided into more than eight reaction chambers by vertically arranged partitions; the number of reaction cylinders is equal to the number of reaction chambers and corresponds one to one. The reaction cylinders are placed in the corresponding reaction chambers, and the bottom of the reaction cylinders is a mesh structure; the reaction chamber is placed on the partition;

[0010] The number of stirrers is equal to the number of reaction cylinders and corresponds one to one. The stirrers are located inside the corresponding reaction cylinders, and the tops of the stirrers are connected to the corresponding stirring motors on the top covers.

[0011] The number of the spray heads is equal to the number of the reaction tubes and corresponds one to one. The spray heads are installed on the inner side of the top cover directly above the corresponding reaction tubes. The number of the first temperature probes is equal to the number of the reaction tubes and corresponds one to one. The first temperature probes are located on the inner side of the reaction tubes.

[0012] An exhaust port is provided on the top cover of the cabinet, and the condenser is installed on the exhaust port; the detection ends of the second temperature probe and the humidity probe are both arranged on the inner wall of the cabinet;

[0013] The water receiver is a box structure with an open top, and is installed in the lower cavity of the cabinet through a drawer-type structure. A first handle is provided on the outer wall of the water receiver, and a drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the outer wall of the water receiver, and a control valve is provided on the drain pipe;

[0014] An air compressor interface, a hot air interface and a water vapor interface are arranged on the side wall of the cabinet above the supporting plate.

[0015] The support plate is a mesh structure, which is used for the circulation and stability of the airflow in the cabinet. The stirrer is set up to stir the test sample to reduce the workload of personnel and improve efficiency. The sprinkler head is set up to sprinkle water on the material in the reaction cylinder to increase the moisture content of the compost soil, reduce the workload of personnel and improve efficiency. The first temperature probe is used to detect the internal temperature of the test sample, which is convenient for controlling the operation of the heating and blowing device according to the sample temperature, and is convenient for statistical drawing of the experimental environment temperature curve. The condenser is set up to condense and evaporate water to prevent water loss too fast. The bottom of the condenser is connected to the cabinet and the top is connected to the outside of the cabinet. The second temperature probe and humidity probe are used to collect temperature and humidity data for reference. The stirrer is used to stir the compost and keep the sample uniform. The air compressor interface is used to introduce air to increase the oxygen concentration in the box. The water receiver is used to store and receive water. During the test, water can be contained in the water receiver to ensure the humidity of the test environment. At the same time, the water receiver can receive the condensed water generated during the test; when the humidity cannot be met, water vapor can be introduced through the water vapor interface to ensure that the humidity meets the standard. The hot air interface is used to connect the hot air blower to introduce hot air and control the temperature inside the cabinet. The water vapor interface is used to connect the water evaporation device to introduce water vapor to maintain the humidity inside the cabinet. The setting of the drain pipe on the water receiver facilitates the discharge of water in the water receiver.

[0016] The disintegration performance test is different from the biodegradation test. Disintegration usually involves using kitchen waste for composting and finally testing the fragmentation of the sample; while the biodegradation test evaluates the degradation performance of materials by measuring the amount of carbon dioxide generated during processes such as mature composting or activated vermiculite composting.

[0017] To facilitate the adjustment of the depth of the first temperature probe in the material and the withdrawal of the first temperature probe after the test, the above device further includes a first conduit; the number of first conduits is equal to and corresponds one-to-one with the number of first temperature probes. The first conduit is made of a rigid material, and through holes are distributed on the side wall of the middle and lower part of the first conduit; a first mounting hole is provided on the top cover, the first conduit is inserted inside the first mounting hole, and the first conduit and the first mounting hole are sealed by a detachable first rubber seal ring. The wire connecting the first temperature probe extends from the bottom of the first conduit and passes out from the top of the first conduit to connect to the plc control circuit, facilitating the statistics of the internal temperature condition of the test sample.

[0018] The middle and lower part of the above first conduit refers to the height of the first conduit that is less than half from the bottom.

[0019] The arrangement of the through holes on the side wall of the first conduit facilitates the withdrawal of the first conduit after the test. Since a small amount of the test sample will enter the through holes during the insertion of the first conduit into the test sample, once the test sample becomes compacted, gently rotating the first conduit, the test sample inside the through hole is connected to the outer test sample, and under the action of the rotational force, the surrounding test sample will be loosened, thus facilitating the withdrawal of the temperature probe.

[0020] The arrangement of the first rubber seal ring is used to ensure the sealing performance between the first conduit and the first mounting hole.

[0021] During use, move the first conduit, wire, and temperature probe upward until the temperature probe is close to the top of the disintegration test cabinet, without affecting the entry and exit of the reaction cylinder (reaction vessel for loading the test sample). Fix the first conduit through the first rubber seal ring, and the wire can be fixed by tying a knot or other means to the part passing out from the top of the first conduit; take out the reaction cylinder in the disintegration test cabinet, load the test sample, and then place it back into the disintegration test cabinet. Remove the first rubber seal ring, move the first conduit downward, and the temperature probe is sent to the specified height inside the test sample under the drive of the first conduit to detect the internal temperature of the test sample; when the disintegration test is over, rotate the first conduit to loosen the surrounding test sample, and then move the first conduit, wire, and temperature probe upward together, rotating the first conduit while moving the first conduit, wire, and temperature probe upward together until the temperature probe exits the test sample.

[0022] To further facilitate the withdrawal of the first temperature probe from the test sample after the test, protrusions are distributed on the side wall of the middle and lower part of the first conduit. In this way, after the test is completed, by gently rotating the first conduit, the protrusions can agitate the surrounding materials, facilitating the relaxation of the test sample.

[0023] Preferably, the protrusion is a conical structure with its tip facing outward. The direction from the inside to the outside of the present application is consistent with the direction from the inside to the outside of the first conduit. To meet the general test requirements, as a specific implementation solution, the protrusions are distributed on the first conduit at a height of 10 - 20 cm from the bottom. The sum of the height of the protrusion and the radius of the first conduit is not less than the radius of the temperature probe. In this way, the test sample directly above the diameter area of the temperature probe can be in a relaxed state, facilitating the withdrawal of the temperature probe and reducing damage to the temperature probe. The first conduit is provided with through holes at a height of 8 - 15 cm from the bottom. To ensure the service life, the first conduit is made of stainless steel. The aperture of the through hole is 2 - 3 mm.

[0024] To facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the first rubber sealing ring, pinch ears are provided on both sides of the upper top of the first rubber sealing ring and are arranged oppositely. The first rubber sealing ring can be replaced separately according to the usage situation. For convenient use and to ensure the sealing performance at the same time, the inner side of the first rubber sealing ring is a cylindrical shape with equal diameters up and down, and the outer side of the first rubber sealing ring is a structure with a gradually decreasing diameter from top to bottom. An extension edge is provided along the periphery at the top of the outer side of the first rubber sealing ring.

[0025] To facilitate the adjustment and use of the stirrer, a lifting frame is provided on the top cover, and a motor clamp is provided on the lifting frame. The stirring motor is clamped on the motor clamp. This facilitates the adjustment of the height of the stirrer. Of course, a second mounting hole that does not affect the rotation of the stirrer is provided on the top cover. The lifting frame is a device with adjustable height, and existing technologies can be directly adopted.

[0026] To further improve the airtightness of the reaction, the above device further includes a second conduit. The stirrer includes a stirring rod and a stirring blade provided at the bottom of the stirring rod. The second conduit is arranged around the stirring rod and is connected to the stirring motor. The second conduit is concentric with the stirring rod, and there is a gap between the second conduit and the stirring rod, that is, the second conduit does not affect the rotation of the stirring rod. The second conduit and the second mounting hole are sealed by a detachable first rubber sealing ring. In this way, both the airtightness of the reaction is ensured and the stirring is not affected. The length of the second conduit is less than the length of the stirring rod, and the length of the second conduit only needs to meet the installation requirements during stirring. The second conduit does not extend into the material during stirring, while the bottom of the stirring rod and the stirring blade extend into the material.

[0027] During the disintegration test, it is necessary to continuously introduce high-temperature air into the reaction cavity to meet the required temperature, etc. However, if the test temperature is too high, it will also affect the accuracy of the test. Therefore, the inventor made the following design:

[0028] The condenser includes an air duct, a pressure relief top cover, a pressure relief spring, a first condensing medium pipe, heat dissipation fins, a second condensing medium pipe, a cooling fan, a circulating water pump, a buffer tank, a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe, a third connecting pipe, a fourth connecting pipe and a water replenishing pipeline;

[0029] The air duct is a tubular structure with both ends open. The air duct is vertically arranged. The pressure relief top cover covers the top of the air duct, and one end of the pressure relief top cover is hinged on the side wall of the top of the air duct; One end of the pressure relief spring is connected to the inner side wall of the air duct, and the other end is connected to the bottom surface of the pressure relief top cover; An installation interface is provided at the bottom of the air duct, and the bottom of the air duct is installed on the top cover through the installation interface and is communicated with the inside of the test cabinet;

[0030] The first condensing medium pipe is spirally wound around the periphery of the air duct. A first interface is provided at the bottom of the first condensing medium pipe, and a second interface is provided at the top; The second condensing medium pipe is spirally wound around the periphery of the heat dissipation fins. A third interface is provided at the bottom of the second condensing medium pipe, and a fourth interface is provided at the top; The cooling fan is arranged opposite to the heat dissipation fins; One end of the first connecting pipe is connected to the second interface, and the other end is connected to the fourth interface. One end of the second connecting pipe is connected to the third interface, and the other end is communicated with the buffer tank. One end of the third connecting pipe is communicated with the bottom of the side wall of the buffer tank, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the circulating water pump. One end of the fourth connecting pipe is connected to the outlet of the circulating water pump, and the other end is connected to the first interface; A water replenishing port is provided at the top of the buffer tank; One end of the water replenishing pipeline is communicated with the water replenishing port at the top of the buffer tank, and the other end is communicated with a water source. A control valve is provided on the water replenishing pipeline.

[0031] The above-mentioned air duct, pressure relief top cover, pressure relief spring, first condensing medium pipe, heat dissipation fins, second condensing medium pipe, circulating water pump, buffer tank, first connecting pipe, second connecting pipe, third connecting pipe and fourth connecting pipe are all located outside the top cover. The diameter of the installation interface at the bottom of the air duct is smaller than the diameter of the air duct; The installation interface at the bottom of the air duct and the top cover are in threaded fit; Or the installation interface and the top cover are matched through a plug-in structure, and a sealing ring is provided between the installation interface and the top cover.

[0032] One end of the above-mentioned pressure relief spring is connected to the inner side wall of the air duct, and the other end is connected to the bottom surface of the pressure relief top cover. When a certain pressure is reached (such as 10N), the pressure relief top cover is bounced up, and the high-pressure gas overflows; When the pressure is lower than a certain value (such as 10N), the pressure relief top cover is pulled back by the pressure relief spring. When the temperature in the reaction cavity rises, it will cause the pressure to rise. Just select a spring with a corresponding elastic force according to the allowed maximum pressure, so that under the allowed maximum pressure, the pressure relief top cover can be pushed open against the elastic force of the spring. When the pressure is less than the maximum pressure, under the action of the restoring force of the pressure relief spring, it can cover the top of the air duct again.

[0033] The first condensation medium pipe is used to cool the gas path pipe. The humid and hot gas inside the reaction cavity contacts the gas path pipe, and the water vapor liquefies and flows back into the reaction cavity again. The heat dissipation fins are used to cool the medium in the second condensation medium pipe. After cooling, it circulates into the first condensation medium pipe. In order to reduce costs and facilitate material selection, water is usually used as the condensation medium. The flow direction of water is: under the power of the circulation water pump, it flows out of the buffer tank, successively through the third connecting pipe, the circulation water pump, the fourth connecting pipe, the first condensation medium pipe, the first connecting pipe, the second condensation medium pipe and the second connecting pipe, and circulates into the buffer tank. Water can be replenished into the buffer tank as needed.

[0034] The above cooling fan is arranged opposite to the heat dissipation fins, which can accelerate the cooling of the second condensation medium pipe and improve the condensation efficiency. The setting of the water replenishing pipeline facilitates water replenishment.

[0035] The above pressure relief spring is connected to one end of the pressure relief top cover far away from the hinge end.

[0036] In order to ensure the condensation and anti-corrosion effects, the material of the gas path pipe is copper; in order to facilitate the observation of the water level, the side wall of the buffer tank is made of transparent material; in this way, there is no need to install a water level gauge separately, which is simple and convenient.

[0037] In order to improve the condensation effect, as one specific implementation solution, the inner side of the gas path pipe has an uneven structure to increase the contact area and improve the condensation effect; in order to improve the condensation effect, as another specific implementation solution, the inner side of the gas path pipe is provided with a spiral groove spiraling upward.

[0038] Through the above design of the condenser structure, when the pressure in the reaction cavity of the disintegration performance tester exceeds the specified pressure, the pressure relief top cover can automatically open for exhaust, effectively preventing the temperature in the reaction cavity from being too high; at the same time, through the condensation of the gas path pipe and the first condensation medium pipe, the moisture in the discharged gas can be recovered, improving the stability of the humidity range in the reaction cavity; the structure is simple and easy to transform and install.

[0039] For the convenience of control, the above device further includes a water supply pipe. One end of the water supply pipe is connected to a water source, and the other end branches into more than eight water supply branch pipes. The number of water supply branch pipes is equal to and corresponds one by one to the number of spray heads. The water supply branch pipes are connected to their corresponding spray heads, and an electromagnetic valve is provided on each water supply branch pipe. Through the above one water supply pipe, the water supply to all spray heads can be realized, and the separate control of each spray head can be realized through the control of the electromagnetic valve.

[0040] For the convenience of use and control, the above device further includes a heating and blowing device, a water evaporation device and an air compressor. The heating and blowing device is connected to the hot air interface, the water evaporation device is connected to the water vapor interface, and the air compressor is connected to the air compressor interface.

[0041] To facilitate the implementation of automatic control, the above device further includes a PLC control system;

[0042] The stirring motor, solenoid valve, heating and blowing device, water evaporation device, and air compressor are all connected to the PLC control system and controlled by the PLC control system;

[0043] The humidity probe and the second temperature probe are used to measure the ambient temperature and humidity, control the water evaporation device to keep a relatively high humidity level (manually set) inside the box, and the first temperature probe is used to monitor the sample temperature and control the start and stop of the heating and blowing device.

[0044] The first temperature probe, the second temperature probe, and the humidity probe are all connected to the PLC control system and feed back the detected data to the PLC control system; when the data detected by the first temperature probe and the humidity probe are lower than the set values, the PLC control system controls the heating and blowing device and the water evaporation device to input hot air and water vapor into the cabinet; when the data detected by the first temperature probe and the humidity probe are not lower than the set values, the PLC control system controls the heating and blowing device and the water evaporation device to stop inputting hot air and water vapor into the cabinet;

[0045] The PLC control system controls the start and stop of the stirring motor, solenoid valve, and air compressor according to the set values, and can realize timed stirring, water replenishment, and oxygen replenishment according to the detection requirements.

[0046] The above device realizes operations such as automatic temperature control, automatic humidity control, automatic oxygen concentration maintenance, automatic stirring, and automatic spraying, improves the detection efficiency and accuracy, and reduces the labor intensity.

[0047] The above top cover is hinged at the top, which can ensure stability and is convenient to open.

[0048] For the convenience of operation, a second handle is provided on the outer side wall of the above reaction chamber, and a side door is hinged on the cabinet side wall opposite to the side of the reaction chamber with a handle. Opening the side door can pull the reaction chamber out of the cabinet, facilitating the loading, unloading, cleaning, etc. of the test samples.

[0049] For further convenient operation, the reaction chamber includes a first reaction sub-chamber and a second reaction sub-chamber; the support plate includes a first support plate and a second support plate. Both the first support plate and the second support plate are installed on the inner side of the cabinet through a drawer-type structure. Vertical flanges are provided at the ends of the first support plate and the second support plate (the outermost ends, that is, the ends closest to the operator). The first reaction sub-chamber is located inside the flange on the first support plate, and the second reaction sub-chamber is located inside the flange on the second support plate. Second handles are provided on the outer side walls of the first reaction sub-chamber and the second reaction sub-chamber. Open the side door and pull the second handle on the first reaction sub-chamber and / or the second reaction sub-chamber, then the first reaction sub-chamber and / or the second reaction sub-chamber can be pulled out together with the first support plate and / or the second support plate at the bottom. That is, pulling the first reaction sub-chamber can also pull out the first support plate at the bottom, and pulling the second reaction sub-chamber can also pull out the second support plate at the bottom, which is convenient for the loading, unloading and cleaning of materials. The design of the flange ensures stability and improves safety; both the first reaction sub-chamber and the second reaction sub-chamber are divided into more than four reaction chambers by vertically arranged partitions.

[0050] To ensure the uniformity of temperature and humidity inside the cabinet, the aperture of the mesh holes on the support plate is 10 ± 2 mm. To avoid material leakage and ensure air permeability at the same time, the aperture of the mesh holes at the bottom of the reaction chamber is 1 ± 0.1 mm; the aperture of the mesh holes at the bottom of the reaction cylinder is 1 ± 0.1 mm.

[0051] The regular monitoring of the oxygen content and water content in the material is achieved by taking samples at regular intervals for measurement.

[0052] Technologies not mentioned in the present invention refer to the prior art.

[0053] The reaction device for testing the disintegration degree of plastic materials in the present invention integrates the reaction, stirring, temperature and humidity detection adjustment, oxygen content adjustment, etc. for disintegration testing in the cabinet. It has a reasonable and simple structure, high integration level, small floor area, high efficiency, convenient use, and can detect multiple samples simultaneously; further, it extends the service life of the first temperature probe, facilitates the adjustment of the position of the first temperature probe in the material, and also facilitates the complete withdrawal of the first temperature probe after the test; it realizes automatic pressure relief, effectively prevents the temperature in the reaction cavity from being too high, and improves the stability of the humidity range in the reaction cavity; through the PLC control system, the detection is automated, reducing the labor intensity of the test personnel and improving the detection efficiency and accuracy; it shortens the working time and working risk of workers and reduces safety accidents. Description of the Drawings

[0054] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the reaction device for testing the disintegration degree of plastic materials in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2Schematic diagram of the connection of the first temperature probe in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the condenser structure in Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the outer side of the cabinet body in Embodiment 10 of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5 Cross-sectional view of the reaction chamber in Embodiment 11 of the present invention;

[0059] In the figure, 1 is the cabinet body, 101 is the top cover, 102 is the support plate, 103 is the side door, 2 is the reaction chamber, 201 is the second handle, 3 is the reaction cylinder, 4 is the stirrer, 5 is the spray head, 6 is the first temperature probe, 601 is the first conduit, 602 is the through hole, 603 is the wire, 604 is the first rubber sealing ring, 605 is the protrusion, 7 is the condenser, 701 is the gas pipeline, 702 is the pressure relief top cover, 703 is the pressure relief spring, 704 is the first condensation medium pipe, 705 is the heat dissipation fin, 706 is the second condensation medium pipe, 707 is the circulation water pump, 708 is the buffer tank, 709 is the first connecting pipe, 7010 is the second connecting pipe, 7011 is the third connecting pipe, 7012 is the fourth connecting pipe, 7013 is the cooling fan, 8 is the second temperature probe, 9 is the humidity probe, 10 is the water receiver, 1001 is the first handle, 11 is the air compressor interface, 12 is the hot air interface, and 13 is the water vapor interface. Detailed implementation manners

[0060] To better understand the present invention, the content of the present invention will be further clarified below in conjunction with embodiments. However, the content of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments only.

[0061] The orientation terms such as "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" in this application are all based on the relative orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and should not be construed as an absolute limitation to this application.

[0062] Embodiment 1

[0063] As Figure 1-2 shown, a reaction device for testing the disintegration degree of plastic materials includes a cabinet body, a reaction chamber, a reaction cylinder, a stirrer, a spray head, a first temperature probe, a condenser, a second temperature probe, a humidity probe, and a water receiver;

[0064] The cabinet body is provided with an openable top cover at the top and lockable rollers at the bottom for easy movement; the inner side of the cabinet body is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by a support plate, and the support plate is of a mesh structure;

[0065] The reaction chamber is a box structure with an open top. The bottom of the reaction chamber is a mesh structure. The reaction chamber is divided into more than eight reaction cavities by vertically arranged partition plates. The reaction cylinders are made of stainless steel. The number of reaction cylinders is equal to and corresponds one-to-one with the number of reaction cavities. The reaction cylinders are placed in the corresponding reaction cavities, and the bottoms of the reaction cylinders are mesh structures. The reaction chamber is placed on the partition plate.

[0066] The number of agitators is equal to and corresponds one-to-one with the number of reaction cylinders. The agitators are located inside the corresponding reaction cylinders, and the tops of the agitators are connected to the corresponding stirring motors on the top cover.

[0067] The number of spray nozzles is equal to and corresponds one-to-one with the number of reaction cylinders. The spray nozzles are installed inside the top cover directly above the corresponding reaction cylinders. The number of first temperature probes is equal to and corresponds one-to-one with the number of reaction cylinders. The first temperature probes are located inside the reaction cylinders.

[0068] An exhaust port is provided on the top cover of the cabinet body, and a condenser is installed on the exhaust port. The detection ends of the second temperature probe and the humidity probe are both provided on the inner side wall of the cabinet body.

[0069] The water receiver is a box structure with an open top. The water receiver is installed in the lower cavity of the cabinet body through a drawer-type structure. A first handle is provided on the outer side wall of the water receiver, and a drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the outer side wall of the water receiver. A control valve is provided on the drain pipe.

[0070] An air compressor interface, a hot air interface, and a water vapor interface are provided on the side wall of the cabinet body above the support plate.

[0071] The above support plate is a mesh structure, which is used for the circulation and stability of the air flow in the cabinet. Through the setting of the stirrer, it is used for stirring the test samples to reduce the workload of personnel and improve efficiency. The setting of the spray head is used to sprinkle water on the materials in the reaction cylinder, increase the moisture content of the compost soil, reduce the workload of personnel and improve efficiency. The first temperature probe is used to detect the internal temperature condition of the test samples, facilitate the control of the heating and blowing device according to the sample temperature, and at the same time facilitate the statistical plotting of the experimental environment temperature curve. The condenser is set to condense the evaporated water to prevent the rapid loss of moisture. The bottom of the condenser communicates with the inside of the cabinet, and the top communicates with the outside of the cabinet. The second temperature probe and the humidity probe are used to collect temperature and humidity data to control the operation of the heating and blowing device and the water evaporation device according to the set temperature and humidity conditions. The stirrer is used to stir the compost to keep the samples uniform. The air compressor interface is used to introduce air to increase the oxygen concentration in the box. The water receiver is used to store and receive water. During the test, the water receiver can be filled with water to ensure the humidity of the test environment. At the same time, the water receiver can receive the condensed water generated during the test. When the humidity cannot be satisfied, water vapor can be introduced through the water vapor interface to ensure that the humidity meets the standard. The hot air interface is used to connect the hot air blowing device to introduce hot air to control the temperature in the cabinet. The water vapor interface is used to connect the water evaporation device to introduce water vapor to maintain the humidity in the cabinet. The setting of the drain pipe on the water receiver facilitates the discharge of the water in the water receiver.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] On the basis of Example 1, the following further improvements are made: As Figure 2 shown, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the depth of the first temperature probe in the materials and at the same time facilitate the withdrawal of the first temperature probe after the test, the above device further includes a first conduit; the number of the first conduits is equal to and corresponds one by one to the number of the first temperature probes. The first conduit is made of a hard material, and through holes are distributed on the side wall of the middle and lower parts of the first conduit. The top cover is provided with a first mounting hole. The first conduit is inserted inside the first mounting hole, and the first conduit and the first mounting hole are sealed by a detachable first rubber seal ring. The maximum outer diameter of the first temperature probe is larger than the inner diameter of the hard conduit. The first temperature probe is located at the bottom of the hard conduit. The wire connecting the first temperature probe extends from the bottom of the first conduit and passes through the top of the first conduit to connect to the plc control system, which is convenient for the statistics of the internal temperature condition of the test samples.

[0074] During use, move the first catheter, the wire, and the temperature probe upward until the temperature probe is close to the top of the disintegration test cabinet, without affecting the entry and exit of the reaction cylinder (reaction vessel for containing test samples). Fix the first catheter through the first rubber sealing ring, and the wire can be fixed by tying a knot or other means to the part that passes through the top of the first catheter. Remove the reaction cylinder in the disintegration test cabinet, load the test sample, and then place it back into the disintegration test cabinet. Remove the first rubber sealing ring, move the first catheter downward, and under the drive of the first catheter, the temperature probe is sent to a specified height within the test sample to detect the internal temperature of the test sample. When the disintegration test is over, rotate the first catheter to loosen the surrounding test samples, and then move the first catheter, the wire, and the temperature probe upward together. While rotating the first catheter, move the first catheter, the wire, and the temperature probe upward together until the temperature probe exits the test sample.

[0075] Example 3

[0076] On the basis of Example 2, the following further improvements were made: As Figure 2 shown, in order to further facilitate the withdrawal of the first temperature probe from the test sample after the test, protrusions are distributed on the side wall of the middle and lower part of the first catheter. In this way, after the test is over, gently rotate the first catheter, and the protrusions can stir the surrounding materials, facilitating the relaxation of the test sample. The protrusions are of a conical structure, and the tips of the protrusions face outward.

[0077] Example 4

[0078] On the basis of Example 3, the following further improvements were made: To meet the general test requirements, as a specific implementation scheme, protrusions are distributed on the first catheter at a height of 15 cm from the bottom. The sum of the height of the protrusions and the radius of the first catheter is not less than the radius of the temperature probe, so that the test samples directly above the diameter area of the temperature probe are in a relaxed state, facilitating the withdrawal of the temperature probe and reducing damage to the temperature probe. Through holes are distributed on the first catheter at a height of 10 cm from the bottom; to ensure the service life, the material of the first catheter is stainless steel; the aperture of the through holes is 3 mm. To facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the first rubber sealing ring, pinch ears are provided on both sides of the top of the first rubber sealing ring and are arranged oppositely. The first rubber sealing ring can be replaced separately according to the usage situation. For convenient use and to ensure the sealing performance at the same time, the inner side of the first rubber sealing ring is a cylindrical shape with equal diameters up and down, and the outer side of the first rubber sealing ring is a structure with a gradually decreasing diameter from top to bottom. An extension edge is provided along the perimeter at the top of the outer side of the first rubber sealing ring.

[0079] Example 5

[0080] On the basis of Embodiment 6, the following further improvements are made: For the convenience of adjusting and using the stirrer, a lifting frame is provided on the top cover. A motor clamp is provided on the lifting frame, and the stirring motor is clamped on the motor clamp. This facilitates the adjustment of the height of the stirrer. Of course, a second mounting hole that does not affect the rotation of the stirrer is provided on the top cover. To further improve the airtightness of the reaction, the above device further includes a second conduit; the stirrer includes a stirring rod and stirring blades provided at the bottom of the stirring rod. The second conduit is provided around the stirring rod and connected to the stirring motor. The second conduit is concentric with the stirring rod, and there is a gap between the second conduit and the stirring rod, that is, the second conduit does not affect the rotation of the stirring rod. The second conduit and the second mounting hole are sealed by a detachable first rubber seal ring. This ensures the airtightness of the reaction without affecting stirring. The length of the second conduit is less than the length of the stirring rod, and the length of the second conduit only needs to meet the installation requirements during stirring. The second conduit does not extend into the material during stirring, while the bottom of the stirring rod and the stirring blades extend into the material.

[0081] Embodiment 6

[0082] On the basis of Embodiment 5, the following further improvements are made: As Figure 3 shown, during the disintegration test, it is necessary to continuously introduce high-temperature air into the reaction cavity to meet the required temperature, etc. However, too high a test temperature will also affect the accuracy of the test. Therefore, the following design is made: The condenser includes an air duct, a pressure relief top cover, a pressure relief spring, a first condensing medium pipe, heat dissipation fins, a second condensing medium pipe, a cooling fan, a circulating water pump, a buffer tank, a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe, a third connecting pipe, a fourth connecting pipe, and a make-up water pipeline;

[0083] The air duct is a tubular structure with both ends open. The air duct is vertically arranged, and the pressure relief top cover covers the top of the air duct. One end of the pressure relief top cover is hinged to the side wall of the top of the air duct; one end of the pressure relief spring is connected to the inner side wall of the air duct and the other end is connected to the bottom surface of the pressure relief top cover; an installation interface is provided at the bottom of the air duct, and the bottom of the air duct is installed on the top cover through the installation interface and communicated with the inside of the test cabinet;

[0084] The first condensation medium pipe is spirally wound around the periphery of the gas path pipe. The first interface is provided at the bottom of the first condensation medium pipe, and the second interface is provided at the top. The second condensation medium pipe is spirally wound around the periphery of the heat dissipation fins. The third interface is provided at the bottom of the second condensation medium pipe, and the fourth interface is provided at the top. The cooling fan is arranged opposite to the heat dissipation fins. One end of the first connecting pipe is connected to the second interface, and the other end is connected to the fourth interface. One end of the second connecting pipe is connected to the third interface, and the other end is communicated with the buffer tank. One end of the third connecting pipe is communicated with the bottom of the side wall of the buffer tank, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the circulation water pump. One end of the fourth connecting pipe is connected to the outlet of the ring water pump, and the other end is connected to the first interface. A water replenishing port is provided at the top of the buffer tank. One end of the water replenishing pipeline is communicated with the water replenishing port at the top of the buffer tank, and the other end is communicated with the water source. A control valve is provided on the water replenishing pipeline.

[0085] The diameter of the bottom installation interface of the above gas path pipe is smaller than the diameter of the gas path pipe. The bottom installation interface of the gas path pipe and the top cover are in threaded fit; or the installation interface and the top cover are in plug-and-play structure fit, and a sealing ring is provided between the installation interface and the top cover. Using water as the condensation medium, the flow direction of water is: under the power of the circulation water pump, it flows out from the buffer tank, successively through the third connecting pipe, the circulation water pump, the fourth connecting pipe, the first condensation medium pipe, the first connecting pipe, the second condensation medium pipe and the second connecting pipe, and circulates into the buffer tank. Water can be replenished into the buffer tank as needed.

[0086] One end of the above pressure relief spring is connected to the inner side wall of the gas path pipe, and the other end is connected to the bottom surface of the pressure relief top cover. When a certain pressure is reached (such as 10 N), the pressure relief top cover is bounced up, and the high-pressure gas overflows; when the pressure is lower than a certain pressure (such as 10 N), the pressure relief top cover is pulled back by the pressure relief spring. When the temperature in the reaction cavity rises, it will cause the pressure to rise. Just select a spring with a corresponding elastic force according to the allowable maximum pressure, so that under the allowable maximum pressure, the pressure relief top cover can be pushed open against the elastic force of the spring. When the pressure is less than the maximum pressure, under the action of the restoring force of the pressure relief spring, it can be closed on the top of the gas path pipe again, effectively preventing the temperature in the reaction cavity from being too high.

[0087] Example 7

[0088] On the basis of Example 6, the following further improvements are made: The above pressure relief spring is connected to the end of the pressure relief top cover far from the hinged end. To ensure the condensation and anti-corrosion effects, the material used for the gas path pipe is copper; to facilitate the observation of the water level, the side wall of the buffer tank is made of a transparent material; in this way, there is no need to install a water level gauge additionally, which is simple and convenient. To improve the condensation effect, the inner side of the gas path pipe is a concave-convex structure, or a spiral groove rising spirally is provided on the inner side of the gas path pipe.

[0089] Example 8

[0090] Based on Example 7, the following further improvements are made: For the convenience of control, the above device further includes a water supply pipe. One end of the water supply pipe is connected to a water source, and the other end branches into more than eight water supply branch pipes. The number of water supply branch pipes is equal to and corresponds one by one to the number of spray heads. The water supply branch pipes are connected to their corresponding spray heads, and an electromagnetic valve is provided on each water supply branch pipe. The above can realize the water supply to all spray heads through one water supply pipe, and can realize the separate control of each spray head through the control of the electromagnetic valve. For the convenience of use and control, the above device further includes a heating and blowing device, a water evaporation device and an air compressor. The heating and blowing device is connected to the hot air interface, the water evaporation device is connected to the water vapor interface, and the air compressor is connected to the air compressor interface.

[0091] Example 9

[0092] Based on Example 8, the following further improvements are made: For the convenience of realizing automatic control, the above device further includes a PLC control system; the stirring motor, electromagnetic valve, heating and blowing device, water evaporation device and air compressor are all connected to the PLC control system and are controlled by the PLC control system;

[0093] The first temperature probe, the second temperature probe and the humidity probe are all connected to the PLC control system and feed back the detected data to the PLC control system; when the data detected by the first temperature probe and the humidity probe are lower than the set value, the PLC control system controls the heating and blowing device and the water evaporation device to input hot air and water vapor into the cabinet; when the data detected by the first temperature probe and the humidity probe are not lower than the set value, the PLC control system controls the heating and blowing device and the water evaporation device to stop inputting hot air and water vapor into the cabinet;

[0094] The PLC control system controls the start and stop of the stirring motor, electromagnetic valve and air compressor according to the set value, and can realize timed stirring, water replenishment and oxygen replenishment according to the detection requirements.

[0095] The disintegration degree test conditions and process are set according to GB / T 19811-2005 Determination of the Degree of Disintegration of Plastic Materials under Defined Composting Pilot Conditions.

[0096] The above device realizes operations such as automatic temperature control, automatic humidity control, automatic oxygen concentration maintenance, automatic stirring, and automatic spraying, improves the detection efficiency and accuracy, and reduces the labor intensity.

[0097] Example 10

[0098] Based on Example 9, the following further improvements are made: As Figure 4As shown, the above-mentioned top cover is hinged at the top, which can not only ensure stability but also facilitate opening. For convenient operation, a second handle is provided on the outer side wall of the above-mentioned reaction chamber, and a side door is hinged on the side wall of the cabinet body facing the side of the reaction chamber provided with a handle. By opening the side door, the reaction chamber can be pulled out of the cabinet body, facilitating the loading, unloading, cleaning, etc. of test samples.

[0099] Example 11

[0100] Based on Example 10, the following further improvements are made: To further facilitate operation, as Figure 5 shown, the reaction chamber includes a first reaction sub-chamber and a second reaction sub-chamber; the support plate includes a first support plate and a second support plate. Both the first support plate and the second support plate are installed inside the cabinet body through a drawer-type structure. At the ends of the first support plate and the second support plate (the outermost end, that is, the end closest to the operator), there are vertically upward flanging. The first reaction sub-chamber is located inside the flanging on the first support plate, and the second reaction sub-chamber is located inside the flanging on the second support plate. Second handles are provided on the outer side walls of the first reaction sub-chamber and the second reaction sub-chamber. By opening the side door and pulling the second handle on the first reaction sub-chamber and / or the second reaction sub-chamber, the first reaction sub-chamber and / or the second reaction sub-chamber can be pulled out together with the first support plate and / or the second support plate at the bottom, facilitating the loading, unloading, and cleaning of materials. The design of the flanging ensures stability and improves safety; both the first reaction sub-chamber and the second reaction sub-chamber are divided into more than four reaction chambers by vertically arranged partition plates. To ensure the uniformity of temperature and humidity inside the cabinet, the aperture of the mesh holes on the support plate is 10 mm. To prevent material leakage and ensure air permeability at the same time, the aperture of the mesh holes at the bottom of the reaction chamber is 1 mm; the aperture of the mesh holes at the bottom of the reaction cylinder is 1 mm, and the height of the reaction cylinder is 400 mm and the diameter is 240 mm.

[0101] The above-mentioned device is used to complete the test in 45 to 180 days. The above-mentioned device can automatically control the temperature, humidity, and moisture conditions required for the experiment. Therefore, during the experimental period, basically no personnel are needed to be on site. After the experimental period is satisfied, the experimental results can be viewed. This device can greatly reduce the labor intensity of the test personnel, and the data is also more continuous, complete, and accurate.

Claims

1. A reaction device for testing the degree of disintegration of a plastic material, characterized in that: It includes a cabinet body (1), a reaction chamber (2), a reaction cylinder (3), a stirrer (4), a spray head (5), a first temperature probe (6), a condenser (7), a second temperature probe (8), a humidity probe (9) and a water receiver (10); The top of the cabinet body (1) is provided with an openable top cover (101); the inner side of the cabinet body (1) is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by a support plate (102), and the support plate (102) is of a mesh structure; The reaction chamber (2) is a box structure with an open top, the bottom of the reaction chamber (2) is of a mesh structure, and the reaction chamber (2) is divided into more than eight reaction cavities by a vertically arranged partition; the number of reaction cylinders (3) is equal to and corresponds one by one to the number of reaction cavities, the reaction cylinders (3) are placed in the corresponding reaction cavities, and the bottom of the reaction cylinders (3) is of a mesh structure; the reaction chamber (2) is placed on the partition; The number of stirrers (4) is equal to and corresponds one by one to the number of reaction cylinders (3), the stirrers (4) are located inside the corresponding reaction cylinders (3), and the top of the stirrers (4) is connected to the corresponding stirring motor on the top cover (101); The number of spray heads (5) is equal to and corresponds one by one to the number of reaction cylinders (3), the spray heads (5) are installed inside the top cover (101) directly above the corresponding reaction cylinders (3); the number of first temperature probes (6) is equal to and corresponds one by one to the number of reaction cylinders (3), and the first temperature probes (6) are located inside the reaction cylinders (3); An exhaust port is provided on the top cover (101) of the cabinet body (1), and the condenser (7) is installed on the exhaust port; the detection ends of the second temperature probe (8) and the humidity probe (9) are both arranged on the inner side wall of the cabinet body (1); The water receiver (10) is a box structure with an open top, the water receiver (10) is installed in the lower cavity of the cabinet body (1) through a drawer-type structure, a first handle (1001) is provided on the outer side wall of the water receiver (10), a drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the outer side wall of the water receiver (10), and a control valve is provided on the drain pipe; An air compressor interface (11), a hot air interface (12) and a water vapor interface (13) are provided on the side wall of the cabinet body (1) above the support plate (102); It further includes a first conduit head (601); the number of first conduit heads (601) is equal to and corresponds one by one to the number of first temperature probes (6), the first conduit heads (601) are made of a hard material, through holes (602) are distributed on the side wall of the middle and lower part of the first conduit heads (601); first mounting holes are provided on the top cover (101), the first conduit heads (601) are inserted inside the first mounting holes, and the first conduit heads (601) and the first mounting holes are sealed by a detachable first rubber sealing ring (604), and the wires (603) connecting the first temperature probes (6) extend into the first conduit heads (601) from the bottom and pass out from the top of the first conduit heads (601); The condenser (7) includes an air duct pipe (701), a pressure relief top cover (702), a pressure relief spring (703), a first condensation medium pipe (704), heat dissipation fins (705), a second condensation medium pipe (706), a cooling fan (7013), a circulating water pump (707), a buffer tank (708), a first connecting pipe (709), a second connecting (7010) pipe, a third connecting pipe (7011), a fourth connecting pipe (7012) and a water replenishing pipeline; The air duct pipe (701) is a tubular structure with both ends open. The air duct pipe (701) is vertically arranged, and the pressure relief top cover (702) covers the top of the air duct pipe (701). One end of the pressure relief top cover (702) is hinged on the side wall of the top of the air duct pipe (701); one end of the pressure relief spring (703) is connected to the inner side wall of the air duct pipe (701), and the other end is connected to the bottom surface of the pressure relief top cover (702); an installation interface is provided at the bottom of the air duct pipe (701), and the bottom of the air duct pipe (701) is installed on the top cover (101) through the installation interface and is communicated with the inside of the test cabinet; The first condensation medium pipe (704) is spirally wound around the periphery of the air duct pipe (701). The bottom of the first condensation medium pipe (704) is provided with a first interface, and the top is provided with a second interface; the second condensation medium pipe (706) is spirally wound around the periphery of the heat dissipation fins (705). The bottom of the second condensation medium pipe (706) is provided with a third interface, and the top is provided with a fourth interface; the cooling fan (7013) is arranged opposite to the heat dissipation fins (705); one end of the first connecting pipe (709) is connected to the second interface, and the other end is connected to the fourth interface. One end of the second connecting (7010) pipe is connected to the third interface, and the other end is communicated with the buffer tank (708). One end of the third connecting pipe (7011) is communicated with the bottom of the side wall of the buffer tank (708), and the other end is connected to the inlet of the circulating water pump (707). One end of the fourth connecting pipe (7012) is connected to the outlet of the ring water pump, and the other end is connected to the first interface; a water replenishing port is provided at the top of the buffer tank (708); one end of the water replenishing pipeline is communicated with the water replenishing port at the top of the buffer tank (708), and the other end is communicated with a water source. A control valve is provided on the water replenishing pipeline.

2. The reaction device for testing the disintegration degree of plastic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: Protrusions (605) are distributed on the side wall of the middle and lower part of the first conduit head (601); the protrusions (605) are conical structures, and the tips of the protrusions (605) face outward; the protrusions (605) are distributed on the first conduit head (601) at a height of 10 - 20 cm from the bottom, and the sum of the height of the protrusions (605) and the radius of the first conduit head (601) is not less than the radius of the temperature probe; through holes (602) are distributed on the first conduit head (601) at a height of 8 - 15 cm from the bottom.

3. The reaction device for testing the disintegration degree of plastic materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: Pinch ears are provided on both sides of the top of the first rubber sealing ring (604) and are arranged oppositely; the inner side of the first rubber sealing ring (604) is a cylindrical shape with equal diameters up and down, the outer side of the first rubber sealing ring (604) is a structure with diameters gradually decreasing from top to bottom, and an extension edge is provided along the periphery at the top of the outer side of the first rubber sealing ring (604).

4. The reaction device for testing the disintegration degree of plastic materials according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: It further includes a water supply pipe. One end of the water supply pipe is connected to a water source, and the other end branches into more than eight water supply branch pipes. The number of the water supply branch pipes is equal to and corresponds one by one to the number of the spray heads (5). The water supply branch pipes are connected to their corresponding spray heads (5), and solenoid valves are provided on each water supply branch pipe.

5. The reaction device for testing the disintegration degree of plastic materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: It further includes a heating and blowing device, a water evaporation device, and an air compressor. The heating and blowing device is connected to the hot air interface (12), the water evaporation device is connected to the water vapor interface (13), and the air compressor is connected to the air compressor interface (11).

6. The reaction device for testing the disintegration degree of plastic materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: It further includes a PLC control system; the stirring motor, the solenoid valve, the heating and blowing device, the water evaporation device, and the air compressor are all connected to the PLC control system and controlled by the PLC control system; The first temperature probe (6), the second temperature probe (8), and the humidity probe (9) are all connected to the PLC control system and feed back the detected data to the PLC control system; when the data detected by the first temperature probe (6) and the humidity probe (9) are lower than the set values, the PLC control system controls the heating and blowing device and the water evaporation device to input hot air and water vapor into the cabinet (1); when the data detected by the first temperature probe (6) and the humidity probe (9) are not lower than the set values, the PLC control system controls the heating and blowing device and the water evaporation device to stop inputting hot air and water vapor into the cabinet (1); The PLC control system controls the start and stop of the stirring motor, the solenoid valve, and the air compressor according to the set values.

7. The reaction device for testing the disintegration degree of the plastic material according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The top cover (101) is hinged at the top; a second handle (201) is provided on the outer side wall of the reaction chamber (2). A side door (103) is hinged on the side wall of the cabinet (1) opposite to the side of the reaction chamber (2) with a handle. By opening the side door (103), the reaction chamber (2) can be pulled out of the cabinet (1); the mesh aperture of the support plate (102) is 10 ± 2 mm; the mesh aperture of the bottom of the reaction chamber (2) is 1 ± 0.1 mm; the mesh aperture of the bottom of the reaction cylinder (3) is 1 ± 0.1 mm; The reaction chamber (2) includes a first reaction sub-chamber and a second reaction sub-chamber; the support plate (102) includes a first support plate and a second support plate. The first support plate and the second support plate are both installed inside the cabinet (1) through a drawer-type structure. Vertical flanges are provided at the ends of the first support plate and the second support plate. The first reaction sub-chamber is located inside the flange on the first support plate, and the second reaction sub-chamber is located inside the flange on the second support plate. Second handles (201) are provided on the outer side walls of the first reaction sub-chamber and the second reaction sub-chamber. By opening the side door (103) and pulling the second handle (201) on the first reaction sub-chamber and / or the second reaction sub-chamber, the first reaction sub-chamber and / or the second reaction sub-chamber can be pulled out together with the first support plate and / or the second support plate at the bottom; both the first reaction sub-chamber and the second reaction sub-chamber are divided into more than four reaction cavities by vertically arranged partitions.

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