A contour adjustment system for a transplanter

Abstract

The invention discloses a profiling adjustment system for a planting machine, which includes a profiling wheel mechanism, a control valve, an adjustment oil cylinder and a valve core adjustment mechanism; the control valve is arranged on the oil supply circuit of the adjustment oil cylinder; the valve core adjustment mechanism has a first adjustment rod acting on the valve core of the control valve, and a pull line is arranged between the profiling wheel mechanism and the first adjustment rod; there are multiple profiling wheel mechanisms, all of which are dispersedly arranged on the left and right sides, and all of which are connected to the same first adjustment rod through pull lines. The invention connects the multiple profiling wheel mechanisms dispersedly arranged on the left and right sides to the same first adjustment rod through pull lines, so that when the machine is operating, the profiling wheel of all the profiling wheel mechanisms, which has the lowest position, has the corresponding profiling wheel mechanism act on the valve core through the first adjustment rod, so that automatic profiling is realized, and the problem of seedlings on one side of the machine being too shallow and easy to fall will not occur, and the above system does not need to use a controller, and the cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a contour adjustment system of a transplanter. Background Art

[0002] Transplanters are used to transplant rapeseed and vegetable seedlings into the land. Existing transplanters are equipped with a ground profiling system so that the height of the planting device changes with the terrain to improve the planting quality of the seedlings.

[0003] The applicant's prior patent application CN110278729A provides a planting machine that can perform land preparation, slit cutting, and plant plants in the cut slits through a planting device. In addition, both patents CN110278729A and CN110249733A include a lifting cylinder and a ground profiling system, wherein the lifting cylinder is connected to a hydraulic system, a valve group is provided on the connecting pipeline between the lifting cylinder and the hydraulic system, and the valve group is fixed on a mounting bracket, and the ground profiling system includes a profiling mechanism and a transmission mechanism; the profiling mechanism includes an induction wheel, a movable bracket and a fixed bracket, and the transmission mechanism includes a pull wire, a movable ear and a pull ear, etc. This patent only sets an induction wheel in the middle of the machine, which can only detect terrain changes in a very narrow path. It is difficult to represent the terrain changes of the entire width of the machine operation. In actual operation, the planting device on one side of the machine may not be able to plant the seedlings successfully or plant them very shallowly, making the seedlings easy to fall down. It may also cause the pins of the planting device on one side of the machine to be too deep in the soil, causing damage to the planting device. There are also existing technologies that solve the above problems by horizontally setting multiple groups of detection devices. However, the existing technology generally obtains multi-channel detection signals through multiple detection devices or detection sensors, and uses a controller to process the multi-channel signals to obtain a control strategy. Finally, the lifting and lowering of the planting mechanism is adjusted accordingly to achieve better planting quality. This approach requires the introduction of an additional electronic control system, which will increase the overall cost. The above is the technical problem of the first aspect.

[0004] Secondly, in patent CN110249733A, the fixed bracket of the profiling mechanism is fixed relative to the base of the planting unit, so the profiling effect of its induction wheel within a certain range is better. However, in actual use, the properties of the soil are different and the planting depths of the plants are different, so the profiling requirements are also different. Therefore, the adaptability of the profiling mechanism in the above patent is poor.

[0005] Thirdly, in patent CN110249733A, the valve group push rod is pushed by the electric cylinder to drive the valve core to switch the valve position. It is necessary to set up an additional electric control system for the electric cylinder, which is costly.

[0006] The following invention content will be developed with the technical problem of the first aspect mentioned above as the main technical problem. Summary of the invention

[0007] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a contour adjustment system for a planter that can effectively detect the terrain within the working width of the machine and achieve low cost.

[0008] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the profiling adjustment system of the planting machine of the present invention comprises a profiling wheel mechanism, a control valve, an adjustment oil cylinder and a valve core adjustment mechanism; the adjustment oil cylinder is used to drive the transplanting device of the planting machine to perform lifting and lowering movements; the control valve is arranged on the oil supply circuit of the adjustment oil cylinder; the valve core adjustment mechanism has a first adjustment rod acting on the valve core of the control valve, and a pull wire is arranged between the profiling wheel mechanism and the first adjustment rod;

[0009] There are multiple contour wheel mechanisms, all of which are dispersedly arranged on the left and right sides, and all of which are connected to the same first adjusting rod through the pull wires.

[0010] Furthermore, the valve core adjustment mechanism also includes a mechanism seat body, a second adjustment rod and an operating rod; the second adjustment rod and the operating rod are both rotatably mounted on the mechanism seat body; the operating rod can drive the second adjustment rod to rotate relative to the mechanism seat body, so that the second adjustment rod acts on the valve core or releases the valve core.

[0011] Furthermore, the contour wheel mechanism comprises a fixed seat, an intermediate seat, a wheel seat and a contour wheel;

[0012] The fixing seat is fixed on the device seat body of the transplanting device; the wheel seat is installed on the fixing seat through the intermediate seat; the intermediate seat can rotate relative to the fixing seat to adjust the relative position of the two; the wheel seat is rotatably installed on the intermediate seat, and a first spring is arranged between the two;

[0013] The pull wire is composed of a sleeve and a wire core, and the first end of the sleeve and the first end of the wire core are respectively fixed on the intermediate seat and the wheel seat.

[0014] Furthermore, the valve seat where the control valve is located has fixing holes whose number is equal to the number of the contour wheel mechanisms, and the first adjusting rod has connecting holes whose number is equal to the number of the contour wheel mechanisms; the second end of the sleeve and the second end of the wire core of the pull wire corresponding to each of the contour wheel mechanisms are respectively fixed to the valve seat and the first adjusting rod through the fixing holes and the connecting holes.

[0015] Furthermore, an adjustment handle is rotatably mounted on the fixed seat, and an adjustment groove is formed on the fixed seat for the adjustment handle to move therein, and the side of the adjustment groove has array-arranged notches for the adjustment handle to be embedded in; a pull rod is connected between the adjustment handle and the intermediate seat.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a lifting mechanism; the lifting mechanism includes an upper frame and a lower frame that are always parallel to each other, the front and rear ends of the upper frame and the front and rear ends of the lower frame are respectively rotatably connected to the front and rear machine seats of the transplanter, and the transplanting device is installed on the rear machine seat; the adjusting cylinder acts on the lower frame to drive the transplanting device to rise and fall.

[0017] Beneficial effect: The contour adjustment system of the transplanter of the present invention connects multiple contour wheel mechanisms dispersedly arranged on the left and right sides to the same first adjustment rod through a pull wire. In this way, when the machine is operating, the contour wheel of all the contour wheel mechanisms whose contour wheel is at the lowest position, its corresponding contour wheel mechanism acts on the valve core through the first adjustment rod, thereby realizing automatic contouring, and there will be no problem that the seedlings on one side of the machine are planted too shallowly and easily fall over. In addition, a controller is not required in the above system, and the cost is low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A side view of the contour adjustment system of the transplanter;

[0019] Figure 2 A top view of the contour adjustment system of the transplanter;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of a transplanter with a contour adjustment system;

[0021] Figure 4 is a structural diagram of the contour wheel mechanism;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the valve core adjustment mechanism from the first perspective;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the valve core adjustment mechanism from a second perspective;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a combined structural diagram of the valve core adjustment mechanism and the lifting mechanism;

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The enlarged structure diagram of part B;

[0026] Fig. 9 The figure is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the insertion trajectory of the pin and the groove pressing disc;

[0027] Fig.10 This is a diagram of the hydraulic system.

[0028] In the figure: A-transplanting device; A1-transplanting mechanism; A11-pin; 1-profile wheel mechanism; 11-fixed seat; 111-adjusting groove; 112-notch; 12-middle seat; 13-wheel seat; 14-profile wheel; 15-first spring; 16-adjusting handle; 17-pull rod; 2-control valve; 21-valve core; 22-valve seat; 221-fixed hole; 3-adjusting oil cylinder; 4-valve core adjustment mechanism; 41-first adjustment rod; 4 11-connecting hole; 42-mechanism seat; 43-second adjusting rod; 44-operating lever; 45-retaining frame; 46-swinging frame; 47-retaining piece; 48-sliding sleeve; 49-second spring; 410-limiting pin; 420-reset spring; 430-connecting rod; 440-connecting rod; 5-pull wire; 51-sleeve; 52-wire core; 6-lifting mechanism; 61-upper frame; 62-lower frame; 63-rod; 7-groove disc. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figure 1-2 The contour adjustment system of the transplanter shown includes a contour wheel mechanism 1 , a control valve 2 , an adjustment cylinder 3 , a valve core adjustment mechanism 4 and a lifting mechanism 6 .

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the lifting mechanism 6 includes an upper frame 61 and a lower frame 62 which are always parallel to each other. The front and rear ends of the upper frame 61 and the front and rear ends of the lower frame 62 are respectively connected to the front and rear machine bases of the transplanter, and the transplanting device A is installed on the rear machine base; the regulating cylinder 3 acts on the lower frame 62 to drive the transplanting device A to rise and fall, specifically to drive the rear machine base to rise and fall, and a plurality of transplanting mechanisms A1 are installed in a dispersed manner in the rear machine base in the transverse direction. The form of the transplanting device A can be found in the applicant's prior patent CN110278729A, and its working principle is similar to that of the rice transplanter, which will not be described here.

[0032] The control valve 2 is arranged on the oil supply circuit of the regulating oil cylinder 3; the valve core regulating mechanism 4 has a first regulating rod 41 acting on the valve core 21 of the control valve 2, and a pull wire 5 is arranged between the profiling wheel mechanism 1 and the first regulating rod 41; there are multiple profiling wheel mechanisms 1, all of which are dispersedly arranged on the left and right, and all of which are connected to the same first regulating rod 41 through the pull wire 5, and each profiling wheel mechanism 1 has a profiling wheel 14 that is always in contact with the ground. A return spring 420 is connected between the first regulating rod 41 and the valve seat 22 where the control valve 2 is located.

[0033] Through the above structure, since all the profiling wheel mechanisms 1 are connected to the same first adjusting rod 41 through the pull wire 5, and the first adjusting rod 41 acts on the valve core 21, the profiling wheel mechanism 1 corresponding to the lowest profiling wheel 14 pulls the first adjusting rod 41 to the greatest extent, and therefore, the profiling wheel mechanism 1 corresponding to the lowest profiling wheel 14 determines the displacement of the valve core 21, and changes the flow of the hydraulic oil supplied to the regulating cylinder 3, and the regulating cylinder 3 makes the transplanting device rise or fall. In the above profiling process, no electronic control components are needed, which can save costs and has high system reliability.

[0034] The above structure is based on mechanical action, and dynamically adjusts the position of the valve core 21 with reference to the contour wheel 14 with the lowest real-time position, thereby solving the problem of preventing the plants planted by the transplanting mechanism A1 on one side from being too shallow and easy to fall over or not being able to be inserted into the soil. However, a new problem will arise, namely, the planting amplitude of the transplanting mechanism A1 on the other side may be too deep, which may cause damage to the roots of the plants or damage to the insertion pins of the transplanting mechanism A1. In order to solve this problem at the same time, a groove pressing disc 7 is provided on the rear machine base in front of each transplanting mechanism A1, and the insertion point of the transplanting mechanism A1 into the soil is close to the rear of the groove pressing disc 7. In order to make the insertion point as close to the groove pressing disc 7 as possible, the planting trajectory of the end of the insertion pin A11 of the transplanting mechanism A1 is tangent to the outer contour of the groove pressing disc 7, or the closest distance between the planting trajectory and the groove pressing disc 7 is within a set distance, such as 5 cm. Fig. 9 As shown. Due to the presence of the groove pressing disc 7, it can press out a groove of an appropriate depth in front of the insertion point. In this way, even if the profiling wheel 14 of the profiling wheel mechanism 1 on one side contacts the pit, causing the transplanting device A to be lowered to an inappropriate height, damage to the insertion pins of the transplanting mechanism A1 and damage to the roots of the plants can be avoided. Although the applicant's prior patent CN110278729A includes a soil-leveling slitting roller that can cut slits on the leveled ground, the soil-leveling slitting roller is set on the front frame, and its slitting depth is not necessarily compatible with the insertion depth of the transplanting mechanism A1. The corresponding transplanting machine of the present invention also includes a soil-leveling slitting roller, on the basis of which a groove pressing disc 7 is added to the rear machine base, which can be used to expand the slit cut by the soil-leveling slitting roller due to height changes, thereby ensuring the safety of the insertion pins and the roots of the plants.

[0035] Specifically, Figure 4As shown, the above-mentioned contour wheel mechanism 1, in addition to the contour wheel 14, also includes a fixed seat 11, an intermediate seat 12 and a wheel seat 13; the fixed seat 11 is fixed on the rear machine seat (that is, the device seat body of the transplanting device); the wheel seat 13 is installed on the fixed seat 11 through the intermediate seat 12; the intermediate seat 12 can rotate relative to the fixed seat 11 to adjust the relative positions of the two; the wheel seat 13 is rotatably installed on the intermediate seat 12, and a first spring 15 is arranged between the two; the pull wire 5 is composed of a sleeve 51 and a wire core 52, and the first end of the sleeve 51 and the first end of the wire core 52 are respectively fixed on the intermediate seat 12 and the wheel seat 13.

[0036] The valve seat 22 where the control valve 2 is located is provided with fixing holes 221 whose number is equal to the number of the contour wheel mechanisms 1, and the first adjusting rod 41 is provided with connecting holes 411 whose number is equal to the number of the contour wheel mechanisms 1; the second end of the sleeve 51 and the second end of the wire core 52 of the pull wire 5 corresponding to each of the contour wheel mechanisms 1 are fixed to the valve seat 22 and the first adjusting rod 41 respectively through the fixing holes 221 and the connecting holes 411.

[0037] An adjusting handle 16 is rotatably mounted on the fixed seat 11, and an adjusting groove 111 is formed on the fixed seat 11 for the adjusting handle 16 to move therein, and the side of the adjusting groove 111 has array-arranged notches 112 for the adjusting handle 16 to be embedded in; a pull rod 17 is connected between the adjusting handle 16 and the intermediate seat 12, and the two ends of the pull rod 17 are rotatably connected to the adjusting handle 16 and the intermediate seat 12 respectively, so that the relative angle between the intermediate seat 12 and the fixed seat 11 can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting handle 16, and the initial positions of the wheel seat 13 and the contoured wheel 14 can be adjusted by embedding the adjusting handle 16 into the appropriate notch 112.

[0038] Through the above structure, the user can adjust the angle of the intermediate seat 12 relative to the fixed seat 11 according to the different soil properties and the required planting depth of the plant, so that the profiling wheel mechanism 1 can adapt to the current working conditions and achieve better profiling effect, thereby solving the second technical problem mentioned in the background technology.

[0039] like Figure 5-6As shown, the valve core adjustment mechanism 4 further includes a mechanism base 42, a second adjustment rod 43 and an operating rod 44; the second adjustment rod 43 and the operating rod 44 are both rotatably mounted on the mechanism base 42; the operating rod 44 can drive the second adjustment rod 43 to rotate relative to the mechanism base 42, so that the second adjustment rod 43 acts on the valve core 21 or releases the valve core 21. Specifically, a connecting rod 430 is connected between the operating rod 44 and the second adjustment rod 43. When the second adjustment rod 43 acts on the valve core 21, the valve core 21 is kept in a fixed position, so that the planting device can be kept at a specific height.

[0040] The valve core adjustment mechanism 4 also includes a retaining frame 45 and a swing frame 46 coaxially fixed to the operating rod 44; a retaining member 47 is provided on the mechanism base 42, and the retaining member 47 acts on the retaining frame 45 so that the retaining frame 45 can be fixed at multiple positions; Figure 7-8 As shown, the swing frame 46 is connected to the upper frame body 61 through a connecting rod 440. Specifically, a sliding sleeve 48 and a second spring 49 are sleeved on the connecting rod 440, a rod 63 is fixed on the upper frame body 61, and the sliding sleeve 48 is rotatably connected to the rod 63; a limit pin 410 is installed at the end of the connecting rod 440, and the second spring 49 is located between the sliding sleeve 48 and the limit pin 410. Through the above structure, when the planting device is controlled to rise, the movement of the upper frame 61 is limited by the limit pin 410, and the second spring 49 is compressed when the upper frame 61 rises. When the second spring 49 is compressed to the limit position, the movement of the upper frame 61 stops, and the planting device reaches the upper limit position. Since the rod 63 is connected to the rotating shaft of the operating lever 44 through the swing frame 46, when the operating lever 44 shifts gears, the swing frame 46 also rotates, and the position of one end of the rod 63 connected to the swing frame 46 also changes. Therefore, when the operating lever 44 shifts to different gears, the second spring 49 can maintain different pre-compression states, and the upper limit position of the planting device is different. When the planting device bounces due to sudden terrain changes, the second spring 49 can also play a shock-absorbing role in time to reduce mechanical shock.

[0041] The valve core 21 includes five valve positions, which are the fast rising position a, the slow rising position b, the intermediate holding position c, the slow descending position d, and the fast descending position e, and the oil circuit of the hydraulic system is as follows: Fig.10As shown, the oil pump is connected to the rod chamber of the regulating oil cylinder 3 through the control valve 2; during automatic control, all the profiling wheel mechanisms 1 act on the valve core 21 through the first regulating rod 41. Among all the profiling wheel mechanisms 1, the profiling wheel mechanism 1 corresponding to the lowest profiling wheel 14 (hereinafter referred to as: the decisive profiling wheel mechanism 1) determines the position of the valve core 21, that is, the lowest point among the detection positions corresponding to all the profiling wheel mechanisms 1 determines the position of the valve core 21. If the terrain rises relatively gently, the decisive profiling wheel mechanism 1 moves the valve core 21 to the slow rising position b, and the hydraulic pump supplies oil to the rod chamber of the regulating oil cylinder 3 to retract the rod chamber, thereby achieving Now let's lift the planting device. After lifting, the wire core 52 becomes loose, and the valve core 21 is reset to the middle holding position c to maintain the pressure of the regulating cylinder 3; if the terrain rises sharply (such as encountering a bump), the decisive profiling wheel mechanism 1 moves the valve core 21 to the fast rising position a, and the flow rate of oil supplied by the hydraulic pump to the rod chamber of the regulating cylinder 3 increases, so that the planting device can be lifted quickly; similarly, if the terrain drops gently, the decisive profiling wheel mechanism 1 moves the valve core 21 to the slow descending position d, and if the terrain drops sharply (encountering a deeper pit), the decisive profiling wheel mechanism 1 moves the valve core 21 to the fast descending position e. During manual control, the position of the second adjusting rod 43 can be changed by rotating the joystick 44. The second adjusting rod 43 acts on the valve core 21 to change the position of the valve core 21, thereby realizing the lifting and lowering control of the planting device. The retaining member 47 acts on the retaining frame 45 so that the retaining frame 45 can be fixed at multiple positions. In this way, the second adjusting rod 43 can be maintained in multiple gears, including an upward gear, a holding gear, and a downward gear.

[0042] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A profiling adjustment system for a planting machine, comprising a profiling wheel mechanism (1), a control valve (2), an adjustment cylinder (3) and a valve core adjustment mechanism (4); the adjustment cylinder (3) is used to drive a transplanting device of the planting machine to perform lifting and lowering movements; the control valve (2) is arranged on an oil supply circuit of the adjustment cylinder (3); the valve core adjustment mechanism (4) has a first adjustment rod (41) acting on a valve core (21) of the control valve (2); a pull wire (5) is arranged between the profiling wheel mechanism (1) and the first adjustment rod (41); the characteristics are: There are a plurality of the contour wheel mechanisms (1), all of the contour wheel mechanisms (1) are dispersedly arranged on the left and right sides, and all of the contour wheel mechanisms (1) are connected to the same first adjustment rod (41) via the pull wires (5).

2. The contour adjustment system for a transplanter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve core adjustment mechanism (4) further comprises a mechanism seat body (42), a second adjustment rod (43) and an operating rod (44); the second adjustment rod (43) and the operating rod (44) are both rotatably mounted on the mechanism seat body (42); the operating rod (44) can drive the second adjustment rod (43) to rotate relative to the mechanism seat body (42), so that the second adjustment rod (43) acts on the valve core (21) or releases the valve core (21).

3. The contour adjustment system for a transplanter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The profiling wheel mechanism (1) comprises a fixed seat (11), an intermediate seat (12), a wheel seat (13) and a profiling wheel (14); The fixing seat (11) is fixed to the device seat body of the transplanting device; the wheel seat (13) is mounted on the fixing seat (11) via the intermediate seat (12); the intermediate seat (12) can be rotated relative to the fixing seat (11) to adjust the relative position of the two; the wheel seat (13) is rotatably mounted on the intermediate seat (12), and a first spring (15) is provided between the two; The pull wire (5) is composed of a sleeve (51) and a wire core (52), and the first end of the sleeve (51) and the first end of the wire core (52) are fixed to the intermediate seat (12) and the wheel seat (13) respectively.

4. The contour adjustment system for a transplanter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The valve seat (22) on which the control valve (2) is located has fixing holes (221) whose number is equal to the number of the contour wheel mechanisms (1), and the first adjusting rod (41) has connecting holes (411) whose number is equal to the number of the contour wheel mechanisms (1); the second end of the sleeve (51) and the second end of the wire core (52) of the pull wire (5) corresponding to each contour wheel mechanism (1) are fixed to the valve seat (22) and the first adjusting rod (41) respectively through the fixing holes (221) and the connecting holes (411).

5. The contour adjustment system for a transplanter according to claim 3, characterized in that: An adjusting handle (16) is rotatably mounted on the fixing seat (11), and an adjusting groove (111) is formed on the fixing seat (11) for the adjusting handle (16) to move therein, and the side of the adjusting groove (111) has notches (112) arranged in an array for the adjusting handle (16) to be inserted into; a pull rod (17) is connected between the adjusting handle (16) and the intermediate seat (12).

6. The contour adjustment system for a transplanter according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a lifting mechanism (6); the lifting mechanism (6) includes an upper frame (61) and a lower frame (62) which are always parallel to each other, the front and rear ends of the upper frame (61) and the front and rear ends of the lower frame (62) are respectively rotatably connected to the front and rear machine bases of the transplanter, and the transplanting device is installed on the rear machine base; the regulating cylinder (3) acts on the lower frame (62) to drive the transplanting device to rise and fall.

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