A pretreatment device for forging cavity

Abstract

The present invention discloses a precision forming method for a cylinder head forging, comprising the following steps: preheating a forging die, the preheating temperature being 200°C-300°C; cleaning the oxide scale inside the forging cavity of the forging die, and then coating the surface of the forging cavity with lubricating liquid; obtaining a blank, and heating the blank to 1100°C±20°C; upsetting the blank to make its shape close to the shape of the forging cavity; striking the blank through the forging cavity to obtain a forging; trimming the forging, and punching the forging when necessary; normalizing the forging, and grinding the burrs on the surface of the forging when necessary; and shot blasting the forging. The present invention heats the forging die to a temperature slightly lower than the forming temperature of the blank, and then heats the blank to a specified temperature, utilizes the greatly improved plasticity of the metal at this temperature, and extrudes and forms at a slower downward speed of the forging press until the blank is forged, thereby solving the technical problem of how to forge metals that are difficult to form.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of forging, and in particular to a pretreatment device for a forging cavity. Background Art

[0002] The hydraulic cylinder of a forklift has to withstand greater pressure when working and has to meet position and structural requirements such as multiple connecting rods. However, it is usually produced by casting 45 steel. The cylinder head formed in this way will have many defects. For example, more bubbles will be generated when the molten steel is cast at high temperature, resulting in more pores in the formed cylinder head. The molten metal flows irregularly during the casting process, and a smooth metal flow cannot be generated, resulting in lower fatigue strength of the formed cylinder head. At the same time, casting will also cause defects such as sand holes inside the cylinder head and mechanical properties are not as good as forgings.

[0003] On the contrary, the cylinder head made of forged 45 steel can effectively solve the above problems. It can not only greatly improve the mechanical properties of the cylinder head, but also solve a series of problems such as sand holes, air holes, metal fiber discontinuity generated in the casting process of the cylinder head. It can also further improve the accuracy of the external dimensions of the cylinder head, reduce machining workload, reduce machining costs, and solve problems in assembly accuracy, so that the cylinder head can meet the strength and position requirements of the assembly.

[0004] The use of 45# steel forged cylinder heads for hydraulic cylinders has the following technical problems:

[0005] The cylinder head made of 1.45 steel has a structure with large size difference and is a difficult product to form, so it is difficult to form during forging;

[0006] 2. Forging cylinder heads involves many processes and complex forging processes, but it has high forging efficiency, fast cycle time, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly;

[0007] 3. The cast cylinder head has problems such as sand holes, many pores, coarse grains, discontinuous metal fibers, mechanical properties are not as good as forgings, and the product fatigue resistance is poor. At the same time, the cylinder head manufactured by this method cannot meet the problems of matching position and structural accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a precision forming method for cylinder head forgings to solve the technical problems encountered when using 45 steel to forge cylinder heads for hydraulic cylinders. At the same time, in order to solve the technical problems encountered when performing the precision forming method, the present invention also provides a pretreatment device for a forging cavity.

[0009] The invention provides a precision forming method for a cylinder head forging, comprising the following steps: S1, preheating a forging die at a preheating temperature of 200°C-300°C; S2, cleaning the oxide scale inside the forging cavity of the forging die, and then coating a lubricating liquid on the surface of the forging cavity; S3, obtaining a blank, and heating the blank to 1100°C±20°C; S4, upsetting the blank to make its shape close to that of the forging cavity; S5, striking the blank through the forging cavity to obtain a forging; S6, trimming the forging, and punching the forging when necessary; S7, normalizing the forging, and grinding the burrs on the surface of the forging when necessary; S8, shot blasting the forging.

[0010] Preferably, step S2 is performed by an injection structure, and the injection structure can perform the action of approaching the forging die and aligning its injection end with the forging cavity or moving away from the forging die. The step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S2a, the forging die is opened, the injection structure approaches the forging die and aligns its injection end with the forging cavity; S2b, high-pressure gas is output to the injection structure so that a high-speed airflow is output to the forging cavity through the injection end, and the high-speed airflow blows away the oxide scale inside the forging cavity; S2c, lubricating liquid is output to the injection structure, and the lubricating liquid is entrained by the high-pressure gas and sprayed out from the injection end. The lubricating liquid is atomized by the high-speed expansion of the high-pressure gas when entering the low-pressure environment, and is coated on the surface of the forging cavity; S2d, the injection structure is away from the forging die.

[0011] The present invention also provides a pretreatment device for a forging cavity, the pretreatment device is used to perform the precision forming method of the cylinder head forging as described in claim 2; the pretreatment device includes an injection structure, a high-pressure gas source and a lubricating liquid source, the injection structure has an air inlet end, a liquid inlet end and an injection end, the high-pressure gas source is connected to the air inlet end and transmits high-pressure gas, the lubricating liquid source is connected to the liquid inlet end through a valve and transmits lubricating liquid, and the injection end can move and align with the forging cavity of the forging die or away from the forging die; when the valve is closed, the high-pressure gas can spray out a high-speed airflow through the injection end and clean the oxide scale on the inner wall of the forging cavity; when the valve is opened, the high-pressure gas can entrain the lubricating liquid and spray out through the injection end and through its own expansion in a low-pressure environment, the lubricating liquid is atomized and coated on the inner wall of the forging cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the injection structure includes a venturi, the high-pressure gas source is connected to the inlet section of the venturi, the lubricating liquid source is connected to the throat of the venturi, the lubricating liquid is sucked into the interior of the venturi by the negative pressure formed in the throat, and the negative pressure is formed by the Venturi effect generated when the high-pressure gas flows through the throat in the venturi.

[0013] Preferably, the lubricating liquid source includes a first liquid storage tank, a second liquid storage tank, a third liquid storage tank, a third venturi, a fourth venturi and a gas-liquid separator, the second liquid storage tank is connected to the throat of the third venturi, the third liquid storage tank is connected to the throat of the fourth venturi, the high-pressure gas source, the third venturi, the fourth venturi, the gas-liquid separator and the first liquid storage tank are connected in sequence; the second liquid storage tank is used to store water, the third liquid storage tank is used to store lubricating stock liquid, the high-pressure gas source is used to output high-pressure gas and absorb the water and the lubricating stock liquid to form a gas-liquid mixture through the Venturi effect generated when the high-pressure gas flows through the third venturi and the fourth venturi, the gas-liquid separator is used to separate the gas-liquid mixture, and transmit the separated liquid to the first liquid storage tank, and simultaneously transmit the separated gas to the injection structure.

[0014] Preferably, the high-pressure gas source is connected to the interior of the gas-liquid separator through a second pressure reducing valve.

[0015] Preferably, the gas-liquid separator includes a shell, which is spindle-shaped and has a vertically arranged axis. An air outlet pipe is formed at the top of the shell, which is connected to the injection structure. A balance pipe connected to the second pressure reducing valve is formed on the air outlet pipe. A third liquid outlet pipe is formed at the bottom of the shell, which is connected to the first liquid storage tank. A feed pipe extending horizontally and deviating from the axis of the shell is formed on the side of the shell, and the feed pipe is connected to the fourth venturi tube. A material stopping barrel coaxial with the shell is formed inside the shell, the top of the material stopping barrel is connected to the air outlet pipe, the bottom end of the material stopping barrel is close to the third liquid outlet pipe, and a spiral blade extending around its axis is formed on the material stopping barrel.

[0016] Preferably, a float is arranged inside the housing, the diameter of the float is greater than the diameter of the third liquid outlet pipe, and the float can float in the lubricating liquid.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention heats the forging die to a temperature slightly lower than the forming temperature of the blank, and then heats the blank to a specified temperature. The plasticity of the metal is greatly improved at this temperature, and the blank is extruded at a slower downward speed of the forging press until the blank is forged into shape, thereby solving the technical problem of how to forge metals that are difficult to form.

[0019] 2. The present invention provides a novel injection structure, which can perform jet cleaning operations as well as spray lubrication operations, thereby reducing the number of pipelines and industrial robots arranged near the forging die. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the precision molding method;

[0022] Figure 2 Diagram of the process of making blanks for forgings;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the forging;

[0024] Figure 4 It is the main view of the forging;

[0025] Figure 5 This is the structural diagram of the forging die;

[0026] Figure 6 This is the structural diagram of the forging lower die;

[0027] Figure 7 This is the structural diagram of the forging upper die;

[0028] Figure 8 This is the structural diagram of the trimming and punching die;

[0029] Fig. 9 It is the structural diagram of the cutting edge;

[0030] Fig.10 It is a structural block diagram of the pretreatment equipment, high pressure gas source and lubricating liquid source;

[0031] Fig.11 It is the front view of forging die and pretreatment equipment;

[0032] Fig.12 A three-dimensional diagram of the forging die and pre-treatment equipment;

[0033] Fig.13 is a top view of a lubricating fluid source;

[0034] Fig.14 for Fig.13 Cross-sectional view in the AA direction;

[0035] Fig.15 for Fig.14 A partial enlarged view of point B;

[0036] The numbers in the figure represent the following:

[0037] 1-forging die; 1a-pre-forging cavity; 1b-final forging cavity; 1c-forging upper die; 1c1-positioning groove; 1d-forging lower die; 1d1-positioning boss; 1e-lifting hole;

[0038] 2-injection structure; 2a-first nozzle; 2b-second nozzle; 2c-first venturi; 2d-second venturi; 2e-three-way valve; 2f-bracket; 2g-driver;

[0039] 3-high pressure gas source; 3a-air compressor; 3b-gas storage tank; 3c-first pressure reducing valve; 3d-second pressure reducing valve;

[0040] 4-lubricating liquid source; 4a-first liquid storage tank; 4a1-liquid inlet pipe; 4a2-first liquid outlet pipe; 4a3-first ventilation pipe; 4b-second liquid storage tank; 4b1-second liquid outlet pipe; 4b2-second ventilation pipe; 4c-third liquid storage tank; 4d-third venturi tube; 4e-fourth venturi tube; 4f-gas-liquid separator; 4f1-shell; 4f2-air outlet pipe; 4f3-third liquid outlet pipe; 4f4-balance pipe; 4f5-feeding pipe; 4f6-blocking barrel; 4f7-spiral blade; 4f8-floating ball;

[0041] 5- trimming and punching die; 5a- top plate; 5b- stripping plate; 5c- trimming die; 5d- punching die; 5e- cutting edge; 5e1- trimming cutting edge; 5e2- punching cutting edge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In order to solve the technical problems encountered when using 45# steel forged hydraulic cylinder heads, such as Figure 1-9 As shown, this application provides:

[0044] 1. A precision forming method for a cylinder head forging, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S1, preheat forging die, preheating temperature 200℃-300℃,

[0046] S2, cleaning the oxide scale inside the forging cavity of the forging die, and then applying lubricating liquid on the surface of the forging cavity;

[0047] S3, obtaining a blank, and heating the blank to 1100°C ±20°C;

[0048] S4, upsetting the blank to make its shape close to the shape of the forging cavity;

[0049] S5, striking the blank through the forging cavity to obtain a forging;

[0050] S6, trimming the forgings and, if necessary, punching the forgings;

[0051] S7, normalizing the forgings and, if necessary, grinding the burrs on the forging surface;

[0052] S8, shot blasting the forgings.

[0053] The specific details of the above steps are as follows:

[0054] 1. Design the structure and dimensions of cylinder head forgings and dies according to the parts drawings;

[0055] 2. Design the forming process of cylinder head forgings;

[0056] 3. Cutting:

[0057] 3.1 Before cutting, check whether the specifications and models of the materials meet the requirements according to the production plan;

[0058] 3.2 Check that there are no cracks, scars, folds or inclusions on the surface of the bar;

[0059] 3.3 Cut materials according to the safe operating procedures of the sawing machine. The cutter should pay attention to the wear of the saw blade and replace the saw blade in time;

[0060] 3.4 Check whether the blanking size meets the size requirements and whether the end surface of the bar is flat;

[0061] 3.5 Place qualified bars neatly into the turnover material frame and put in the material identification card, and transfer to the heating area;

[0062] 3.6 Clean the iron filings on the surface of the blank after cutting.

[0063] 4. Heating:

[0064] 4.1 Heating temperature 1100℃±20℃, check once every hour;

[0065] 4.2 When heating, it is strictly forbidden to operate without following the process, overheating, and rapid burning that may cause serious surface oxidation;

[0066] 4.3 The operator is strictly prohibited from adjusting the heating furnace temperature controller at will;

[0067] 4.4 During heating production, round materials that are higher than the process temperature range shall be scrapped; those that are lower than or equal to the process temperature range are allowed to be reheated and reheated after cooling, but shall not be heated more than three times.

[0068] 5. Blanking, such as Figure 2 As shown:

[0069] 5.1 Blank making process: Upsetting-forming upsetting, check whether there are cracks, interlayers and other defects on the surface of the blank after blank making;

[0070] 5.2 Strictly follow the equipment operating procedures during operation;

[0071] 6. Forging:

[0072] 6.1 Pre-forging strike once, energy is 300, final forging strike once, energy is 220;

[0073] 6.2 The mold must be preheated before each forging, and the preheating temperature is 200℃-300℃;

[0074] 6.3 The initial forging temperature shall not be less than 1000℃. If an abnormality occurs during the production process and the initial forging temperature is not high enough, the production shall be stopped and the forging shall be reheated. The same billet shall not be put into the furnace three times, otherwise it shall be scrapped.

[0075] 6.4 During the forging process, the operator should use compressed air to blow away the oxide scale in the cavity and spray lubricant on the surface of the groove;

[0076] 6.5 The first die forging product shall be inspected by the workshop director or team leader and on-site inspectors for forging misalignment, shape, size, marking, etc. Complex parts shall be sent to the inspection room for marking inspection. Only after the inspection is qualified can they be put into batch production and recorded in the first piece inspection record sheet;

[0077] 6.6 Graphite emulsion ratio for forging lubrication: graphite emulsion plus water; pour the prepared graphite emulsion solution into a pressure tank and stir it evenly with compressed air, then set aside.

[0078] Specifically, Figure 5-7 As shown, the forging die 1 includes a forging upper die 1c and a forging lower die 1d. Lifting holes 1e are formed on the outer side walls of the forging upper die 1c and the forging lower die 1d. The lifting holes 1e are used to install the forging die 1 to the actuator of the forging press. Positioning grooves 1c1 are formed at the four corners of the forging upper die 1c, and positioning bosses 1d1 are formed at the four corners of the forging lower die 1d. The positioning grooves 1c1 and the positioning bosses 1d1 are used for alignment when the molds are closed.

[0079] 7. The punching machine drives the trimming and punching die 5 to perform trimming and punching:

[0080] 7.1 When trimming and punching, the workpiece must be completely placed in the lower die cavity and placed stably;

[0081] 7.2 During trimming and punching, there should be no people or objects that may hinder the operator in the working area;

[0082] 7.3 After trimming and punching, visually inspect the surface appearance of the forgings and promptly report any problems to the on-site management staff.

[0083] Specifically, Figure 8 and 9 As shown:

[0084] The trimming and punching die 5 includes an upper top plate 5a, a stripper plate 5b and a lower die. A trimming die 5c and a punching die 5d are formed at the bottom of the upper top plate 5a, and a cutting edge 5e is formed on the lower die. The trimming die 5c and the punching die 5d penetrate the stripper plate 5b and face the lower die. When the punching machine drives the trimming and punching die 5 to close the die, the trimming die 5c and the punching die 5d cooperate with the trimming cutting edge 5e1 and the punching cutting edge 5e2 respectively to achieve trimming and punching.

[0085] 8. Normalizing

[0086] 8.1 Normalizing of forgings: heating to 800℃ in the furnace, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, and air cooling after leaving the furnace;

[0087] 8.2 Each batch of normalized products shall be divided into batches and inspected according to the inspection instructions after normalizing.

[0088] 9. Shot blasting

[0089] 9.1 Before shot blasting, inspect the appearance of the product, grind the forgings with burrs in a centralized manner, and put the forgings with obvious forging defects into the waiting area;

[0090] 9.2 Before shot blasting, the operator should be familiar with the applicable instructions of the equipment;

[0091] 9.3 Select steel sand of a certain size and the shot blasting time should not be less than 15 minutes;

[0092] 9.4 The maximum load for each shot blasting is 600kg;

[0093] 9.5 After shot blasting, the product surface is clean, free of oxide scale and has metallic luster.

[0094] 10. Inspection:

[0095] 10.1 During the final inspection, the product appearance shall be 100% inspected, and the workpiece surface shall not have forging defects such as pits, folds, cracks, surface inclusions, oxide scale, etc.;

[0096] 10.2 The final product shall be inspected according to the inspection instruction card and a final inspection report shall be issued;

[0097] 10.3 Clearly distinguish the number of genuine products, defective products and scrapped products, strictly isolate them, clearly mark them and handle them promptly to avoid mixing.

[0098] 11. Packaging:

[0099] 11.1Use ordinary ton bags for packaging;

[0100] 11.2 Spray anti-rust oil on forgings before packaging;

[0101] 11.3 Product information such as the quantity and name of forgings must be clearly marked when packaging to prevent mixing.

[0102] During the forging process, the operator uses compressed air to blow away the oxide scale in the cavity and spray lubricant on the surface of the groove. The ratio of graphite emulsion for forging lubrication is: graphite emulsion plus water; pour the prepared graphite emulsion solution into the pressure tank, stir it evenly with compressed air, and then set aside.

[0103] At present, the existing forging method is that the operator places the blank into the pre-forging cavity, and after the pre-forging, places the blank into the final forging cavity, removes the forging after the final forging, and a robot with a spray nozzle moves between the forging upper die and the forging lower die to spray the forging cavity.

[0104] Since jetting and spraying need to be performed at the same position to completely treat the inner wall of the entire forging cavity, and the same position on the manipulator can only accommodate one of the jet nozzle or the spray nozzle, the manipulator of the existing forging equipment usually only has a spray nozzle, and jet cleaning is performed by manually holding the jet nozzle, which has low work efficiency.

[0105] If two robots are provided, one with an air nozzle and the other with a spray nozzle, the above problem can be solved, but there is usually no installation space near the forging table that can accommodate two robots.

[0106] If an air nozzle is installed on one side of the manipulator and a spray nozzle is installed on the other side of the manipulator, and after it works, the manipulator is rotated horizontally to swap the positions of the air nozzle and the spray nozzle, the above problem can also be solved. However, this structure has high requirements on the sealing performance of the gas pipeline and the liquid pipeline. During the repeated rotation of the manipulator, it is easy to cause air leakage or liquid leakage.

[0107] Therefore, at present, it is difficult to use equipment to replace manual jet cleaning of the forging cavity. Based on the above reasons, in order to improve the efficiency of jet cleaning and spray lubrication of the forging cavity during the forging process, such as Figure 10-15 As shown, this application provides:

[0108] Step S2 is performed by a spraying structure, and the spraying structure can perform an action of approaching the forging die and aligning its spraying end with the forging cavity or away from the forging die. Step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0109] S2a, the forging die is opened, the injection structure is close to the forging die and its injection end is aligned with the forging cavity;

[0110] S2b, outputting high-pressure gas to the injection structure so as to output high-speed airflow to the forging cavity through the injection end, wherein the high-speed airflow blows away the oxide scale inside the forging cavity;

[0111] S2c, outputting lubricating liquid to the injection structure, the lubricating liquid is entrained by the high-pressure gas and ejected from the injection end, and the lubricating liquid is atomized by the high-speed expansion of the high-pressure gas when entering the low-pressure environment, so as to be coated on the surface of the forging cavity;

[0112] S2d, the injection structure is away from the forging die.

[0113] In this method, both jetting and spraying are performed using the same jet end, and the atomization of the lubricating liquid depends on the expansion of high-pressure gas when it enters a low-pressure environment, so that the jet end can both jet and spray, solving the technical problem of different structures of the jet nozzle and the spray nozzle, thereby eliminating the above-mentioned technical problem.

[0114] However, in order to implement the above method, a technical problem needs to be solved, that is, how to allow a pipeline to input both gas and liquid, and allow the input liquid to be carried by the gas to flow to the outlet. To this end, the present application provides:

[0115] A pretreatment device for a forging cavity, the pretreatment device being used to perform a precision forming method for a cylinder head forging;

[0116] The pretreatment equipment includes a spray structure 2, a high-pressure gas source 3 and a lubricating liquid source 4, the spray structure 2 has an air inlet end, a liquid inlet end and a spray end, the high-pressure gas source 3 is connected to the air inlet end and transmits high-pressure gas, the lubricating liquid source 4 is connected to the liquid inlet end through a valve and transmits lubricating liquid, and the spray end can be moved and aligned with the forging cavity or away from the forging die;

[0117] When the valve is closed, the high-pressure gas can spray out a high-speed airflow through the injection end and clean the oxide scale on the inner wall of the forging cavity;

[0118] When the valve is opened, the high-pressure gas can carry the lubricating liquid and spray out through the injection end, and the lubricating liquid is atomized and coated on the inner wall of the forging cavity through its own expansion in a low-pressure environment.

[0119] The injection structure 2 includes a venturi, a high-pressure gas source 3 is connected to the inlet section of the venturi, and a lubricating liquid source 4 is connected to the throat of the venturi. The lubricating liquid is sucked into the venturi through the negative pressure formed in the throat. The negative pressure is formed by the Venturi effect generated when the high-pressure gas flows through the throat of the venturi.

[0120] Specifically, since there are two forging cavities in this embodiment, namely the pre-forging cavity 1a and the final forging cavity 1b, the injection structure 2 needs to have two output ends, namely the first nozzle 2a and the second nozzle 2b.

[0121] To this end, the first nozzle 2a and the second nozzle 2b require two pipelines to connect the high-pressure gas source 3 and the lubricating liquid source 4 respectively, and the two pipelines are the first Venturi tube 2c and the second Venturi tube 2d respectively.

[0122] Since the final forging cavity 1b can be spray-lubricated when the pre-forging cavity 1a is jet-cleaned, and the pre-forging cavity 1a can be spray-lubricated when the final forging cavity 1b is jet-cleaned, the valve may not be a stop valve but a valve for switching the pipeline. For this reason, the present embodiment uses a three-way valve 2e as the above-mentioned valve, whose function is to disconnect the second nozzle 2b from the lubricating liquid source 4 when the first nozzle 2a is connected to the lubricating liquid source 4, and to disconnect the first nozzle 2a from the lubricating liquid source 4 when the second nozzle 2b is connected to the lubricating liquid source 4.

[0123] In summary, the injection structure 2 includes a first nozzle 2a, a second nozzle 2b, a first venturi tube 2c, a second venturi tube 2d and a three-way valve 2e. The first nozzle 2a and the second nozzle 2b can move and align with the pre-forging cavity 1a and the final forging cavity 1b respectively. The first nozzle 2a is connected to the high-pressure gas source 3 through the first venturi tube 2c, and the second nozzle 2b is connected to the high-pressure gas source 3 through the second venturi tube 2d. The lubricating liquid source 4 can be selectively connected to one of the throats of the first venturi tube 2c and the throats of the second venturi tube 2d through the three-way valve 2e.

[0124] The working principle of the first nozzle 2a and the second nozzle 2b for both jetting and spraying is:

[0125] The high-pressure gas source 3 outputs high-pressure gas to the first venturi 2c. Since the three-way valve 2e disconnects the first venturi 2c and the lubricating fluid source 4, the first venturi 2c can be regarded as an ordinary pipeline. The high-pressure gas is ejected through the first nozzle 2a, thereby cleaning the residual oxide scale in the pre-forging cavity 1a.

[0126] At the same time, the high-pressure gas source 3 outputs high-pressure gas to the second venturi 2d. Because the three-way valve 2e connects the second venturi 2d and the lubricating liquid source 4, when the high-pressure gas flows through the venturi, a negative pressure is generated in the throat of the venturi, and the lubricating liquid is sucked from the lubricating liquid source 4 by the negative pressure. The lubricating liquid is mixed with the gas to form a gas-liquid mixture. When the gas-liquid mixture is sprayed out through the second nozzle 2b, due to the low external air pressure, the high-pressure gas expands rapidly, so that the lubricating liquid mixed in the gas is atomized, and is coated on the inner wall of the final forging cavity 1b along with the gas.

[0127] It should also be noted that electromagnetic stop valves are installed at the input ends of the first nozzle 2a and the second nozzle 2b, and their purpose is to prevent the high-pressure gas and lubricating liquid from leaking through the nozzles when the pretreatment operation is not performed.

[0128] Furthermore, the high pressure gas used for jet cleaning and spray lubrication can also be used to mix the lubricating fluid before it is output to the atmosphere:

[0129] The lubricating liquid source 4 includes a first liquid storage tank 4a, a second liquid storage tank 4b, a third liquid storage tank 4c, a third venturi tube 4d, a fourth venturi tube 4e and a gas-liquid separator 4f; the first liquid storage tank 4a is used to store lubricating liquid, the second liquid storage tank 4b is used to store water, the third liquid storage tank 4c is used to store lubricating stock liquid, the second liquid storage tank 4b is connected to the throat of the third venturi tube 4d, the third liquid storage tank 4c is connected to the throat of the fourth venturi tube 4e, the high-pressure gas source 3, the third venturi tube 4d, the fourth venturi tube 4e, the gas-liquid separator 4f, and the first liquid storage tank 4a are connected in sequence, wherein the first liquid storage tank 4a is connected to the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separator 4f, and the gas outlet end of the gas-liquid separator 4f is connected to the gas inlet end of the injection structure 2.

[0130] The lubricating liquid is formed by mixing a lubricating liquid and water in a certain ratio through high-pressure gas. In order to save energy lost in the process of mixing the lubricating liquid, in this embodiment, the high-pressure gas generated by the high-pressure gas source 3 draws water and lubricating liquid from the second liquid storage tank 4b and the third liquid storage tank 4c through the Venturi effect. The two are mixed with the high-pressure airflow during the transmission process to form a gas-liquid mixture. After the gas-liquid mixture enters the gas-liquid separator 4f, the gas is separated from it, and the separated lubricating liquid is stored in the first liquid storage tank 4a. The separated gas still has a pressure that can drive the injection structure 2 to work.

[0131] Specific:

[0132] The first liquid storage tank 4a is connected with a liquid inlet pipe 4a1 and a first liquid outlet pipe 4a2. The liquid inlet pipe 4a1 connects the third liquid outlet pipe 4f3 and the top of the first liquid storage tank 4a. The first liquid outlet pipe 4a2 connects the three-way valve 2e and the bottom of the first liquid storage tank 4a.

[0133] The second liquid storage tank 4b is connected to a second liquid outlet pipe 4b1 and a second ventilation pipe 4b2. The second liquid outlet pipe 4b1 connects the throat of the first venturi tube 2c and the bottom of the second liquid storage tank 4b. The second ventilation pipe 4b2 connects the top of the second liquid storage tank 4b and the atmosphere. The structure of the third liquid storage tank 4c is the same as that of the second liquid storage tank 4b.

[0134] Further:

[0135] The high-pressure gas source 3 is connected to the interior of the gas-liquid separator 4f through the second pressure reducing valve 3d.

[0136] The purpose of the second pressure reducing valve 3d is to ensure that the inside of the gas-liquid separator 4f always has an air pressure that can drive the injection structure 2 to work, and the air pressure is always lower than the gas pressure output through the first pressure reducing valve 3c. While ensuring that the injection structure 2 can obtain sufficient air pressure to work, when the high-pressure gas-liquid mixture enters the inside of the gas-liquid separator 4f, the gas-liquid mixture can still be atomized in a low-pressure environment and the gas and liquid can be separated.

[0137] Further:

[0138] The gas-liquid separator 4f includes a shell 4f1, which is spindle-shaped and has a vertically arranged axis. An air outlet pipe 4f2 is formed at the top of the shell 4f1, and the air outlet pipe 4f2 is connected to the injection structure 2. A balance pipe 4f4 connected to the second pressure reducing valve 3d is formed on the air outlet pipe 4f2. A third liquid outlet pipe 4f3 is formed at the bottom end of the shell 4f1, and the third liquid outlet pipe 4f3 is connected to the first liquid storage tank 4a. A feed pipe 4f5 extending horizontally and deviating from the axis of the shell 4f1 is formed on the side of the shell 4f1, and the feed pipe 4f5 is connected to the fourth venturi tube 4e. A material blocking barrel 4f6 coaxial with the shell 4f1 is formed inside the shell 4f1, and the top end of the material blocking barrel 4f6 is connected to the air outlet pipe 4f2, and the bottom end of the material blocking barrel 4f6 is close to the third liquid outlet pipe 4f3. A spiral blade 4f7 extending around its axis is formed on the material blocking barrel 4f6.

[0139] The fourth venturi tube 4e inputs the gas-liquid mixture through the feed pipe 4f5. Because the air pressure inside the shell 4f1 is lower than the pressure of the gas-liquid mixture, the gas-liquid mixture expands and atomizes rapidly. Under the obstruction of the material blocking barrel 4f6, the atomized gas-liquid mixture moves downward along the spiral blade 4f7. Under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid in the gas-liquid mixture is thrown to the inner wall of the shell 4f1, and then flows downward along the inner wall of the shell 4f1 and finally flows into the first liquid storage tank 4a through the third liquid outlet pipe 4f3. The gas in the gas-liquid mixture is transmitted to the first venturi tube 2c and the second venturi tube 2d through the material blocking barrel 4f6 and the gas outlet pipe 4f2.

[0140] The second pressure reducing valve 3d balances the output air pressure of the outlet pipe 4f2 through the balance pipe 4f4. When the pressure of the gas output from the outlet pipe 4f2 is insufficient to drive the injection structure 2 to work, the first pressure reducing valve 3c replenishes the air pressure inside the shell 4f1 through the second pressure reducing valve 3d.

[0141] Furthermore, since the housing 4f1 is connected to the first liquid storage tank 4a through the third liquid outlet pipe 4f3, if the high-pressure gas inside the housing 4f1 enters the first liquid storage tank 4a, the lubricating liquid accumulated inside the first liquid storage tank 4a will be pressed out through the first liquid outlet pipe 4a2, causing the first venturi tube 2c and the second venturi tube 2d to fail to work normally. Therefore:

[0142] A float 4f8 is provided inside the housing 4f1. The diameter of the float 4f8 is greater than the diameter of the third liquid outlet pipe 4f3. The float 4f8 can float in the lubricating liquid.

[0143] The function of the float 4f8 is to prevent gas from entering the first liquid storage tank 4a through the third liquid outlet pipe 4f3. After a certain amount of liquid is accumulated at the bottom of the shell 4f1, the float 4f8 floats up and the liquid flows into the first liquid storage tank 4a. When the liquid accumulated in the shell 4f1 is not enough to make the float 4f8 float, the float 4f8 blocks the third liquid outlet pipe 4f3.

[0144] Furthermore, in order to enable the injection structure 2 to be close to or away from the forging die 1:

[0145] The injection structure 2 also includes a bracket 2f and a driver 2g. The first nozzle 2a and the second nozzle 2b are both connected to the bracket 2f. The bracket 2f is connected to the actuator of the driver 2g. The driver 2g is connected to the frame. The driver 2g is used to drive the bracket 2f to move linearly so that the first nozzle 2a and the second nozzle 2b can approach or move away from the forging die 1.

[0146] In this embodiment, the driver 2g is a linear slide powered by a cylinder, which is used to drive the first nozzle 2a and the second nozzle 2b to enter between the forging upper die and the forging lower die between two forgings, so that the first nozzle 2a and the second nozzle 2b can be aligned with the pre-forging cavity 1a and the final forging cavity 1b respectively. According to the layout of the production site, the driver 2g can also be replaced by a rotary driver, so that the first nozzle 2a and the second nozzle 2b can approach or move away from the forging die 1 through circular motion.

[0147] Further:

[0148] The high-pressure gas source 3 includes an air compressor 3a, an air storage tank 3b and a first pressure reducing valve 3c, which are connected in sequence, and the output end of the first pressure reducing valve 3c is connected to the first venturi tube 2c and the second venturi tube 2d.

[0149] The air compressor 3a is used to input high-pressure gas to the air tank 3b, and the air tank 3b releases a high-pressure airflow with stable air pressure through the first pressure reducing valve 3c. It should also be noted that in order to stop the injection structure 2 from working when there is no need for jetting or spraying, an electric stop valve (not shown in the figure) is installed between the air tank 3b and the first pressure reducing valve 3c. When the injection structure 2 is not working, the electric stop valve is closed.

[0150] The pretreatment equipment can use one nozzle to sequentially perform the steps of jet cleaning and spray lubrication, and its specific working method is as follows:

[0151] Step 100, preparing lubricating fluid:

[0152] Step 110, the air compressor 3a outputs high-pressure gas to the gas storage tank 3b, and the high-pressure gas is stored inside the gas storage tank 3b;

[0153] Step 120, the gas storage tank 3b outputs high-pressure gas with stable pressure to the inlet section of the third venturi tube 4d through the first pressure reducing valve 3c;

[0154] Step 130, the high-pressure gas flows through the following sequence: the inlet section of the third venturi tube 4d, the outlet section of the third venturi tube 4d, the inlet section of the fourth venturi tube 4e, the outlet section of the fourth venturi tube 4e, and the feed pipe 4f5. During the flow of the high-pressure gas, the throat of the third venturi tube 4d draws water from the second liquid storage tank 4b through the negative pressure generated by the Venturi effect, and the throat of the fourth venturi tube 4e draws lubricating stock liquid from the third liquid storage tank 4c through the negative pressure generated by the Venturi effect. The water and the lubricating stock liquid are mixed into the lubricating liquid in the pipeline and are entrained by the high-pressure gas and sprayed from the feed pipe 4f5 into the gas-liquid separator 4f.

[0155] Step 140, inside the gas-liquid separator 4f, the gas-liquid mixture formed by the high-pressure gas and the lubricating liquid is separated, the lubricating liquid flows to the first liquid storage tank 4a through the third liquid outlet pipe 4f3, and the high-pressure gas that has lost part of its gas pressure flows to the injection structure 2 through the gas outlet pipe 4f2 and step 200 is executed;

[0156] Step 150, when the air pressure inside the gas-liquid separator 4f is low so that the air pressure of the gas output through the air outlet pipe 4f2 is insufficient for the injection structure 2 to work, the air storage tank 3b outputs gas to the inside of the gas-liquid separator 4f through the first pressure reducing valve 3c and the second pressure reducing valve 3d to supplement its internal air pressure.

[0157] Step 200, jet cleaning or spray lubrication of the forging cavity:

[0158] Step 210, after pre-forging or final forging, leaving the pre-forging cavity 1a and the final forging cavity 1b vacant;

[0159] Step 220, moving the first nozzle 2a and the second nozzle 2b to align them with the pre-forging cavity 1a and the final forging cavity 1b respectively;

[0160] Step 230, after pre-forging, the three-way valve 2e connects the second venturi 2d and the lubricating fluid source 4, and at the same time, the three-way valve 2e disconnects the first venturi 2c and the lubricating fluid source 4, the high-pressure gas source 3 outputs high-pressure gas, the first nozzle 2a outputs high-pressure gas to blow away the oxide scale in the pre-forging cavity 1a, and at the same time, the second nozzle 2b outputs atomized lubricating fluid to coat the inner wall of the final forging cavity 1b, and then the first nozzle 2a and the second nozzle 2b are removed.

[0161] Step 240, repeat step 220, and after final forging, the three-way valve 2e connects the first venturi 2c and the lubricating fluid source 4, and at the same time, the three-way valve 2e disconnects the second venturi 2d and the lubricating fluid source 4, the high-pressure gas source 3 outputs high-pressure gas, the first nozzle 2a outputs atomized lubricating fluid to coat the inner wall of the pre-forging cavity 1a, and at the same time, the second nozzle 2b outputs high-pressure gas to blow away the oxide scale in the final forging cavity 1b, and then the first nozzle 2a and the second nozzle 2b are removed.

[0162] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within the essence and protection scope of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pretreatment device for a forging cavity, characterized in that: The pretreatment equipment performs the action of approaching the forging die and aligning its injection end with the forging cavity or moving away from the forging die through the injection structure, including the following steps: the forging die is opened, the injection structure approaches the forging die and aligns its injection end with the forging cavity, high-pressure gas is output to the injection structure so that high-speed airflow is output to the forging cavity through the injection end, the high-speed airflow blows away the oxide scale inside the forging cavity, and lubricating liquid is output to the injection structure, the lubricating liquid is entrained by the high-pressure gas and sprayed from the injection end, the lubricating liquid is atomized by the high-speed expansion of the high-pressure gas when entering the low-pressure environment, and is coated on the surface of the forging cavity and away from the forging die; The pretreatment device comprises a spray structure (2), a high-pressure gas source (3) and a lubricating liquid source (4), the spray structure (2) having an air inlet end, a liquid inlet end and a spray end, the high-pressure gas source (3) being connected to the air inlet end and transmitting high-pressure gas, the lubricating liquid source (4) being connected to the liquid inlet end via a valve and transmitting lubricating liquid, and the spray end being able to move and align with the forging cavity of the forging die or to be away from the forging die; The injection structure (2) comprises a venturi tube, the high-pressure gas source (3) is connected to the inlet section of the venturi tube, the lubricating liquid source (4) is connected to the throat of the venturi tube, the lubricating liquid is sucked into the interior of the venturi tube by the negative pressure formed in the throat, and the negative pressure is formed by the Venturi effect generated when the high-pressure gas flows through the throat of the venturi tube; The lubricating liquid source (4) comprises a first liquid storage tank (4a), a second liquid storage tank (4b), a third liquid storage tank (4c), a third venturi tube (4d), a fourth venturi tube (4e) and a gas-liquid separator (4f); the second liquid storage tank (4b) is connected to the throat of the third venturi tube (4d), the third liquid storage tank (4c) is connected to the throat of the fourth venturi tube (4e), and the high-pressure gas source (3), the third venturi tube (4d), the fourth venturi tube (4e), the gas-liquid separator (4f) and the first liquid storage tank (4a) are connected in sequence; The second liquid storage tank (4b) is used to store water, the third liquid storage tank (4c) is used to store lubricating liquid, the high-pressure gas source (3) is used to output high-pressure gas and absorb the water and the lubricating liquid to form a gas-liquid mixture through the Venturi effect generated when the high-pressure gas flows through the third Venturi tube (4d) and the fourth Venturi tube (4e), and the gas-liquid separator (4f) is used to separate the gas-liquid mixture and transmit the separated liquid to the first liquid storage tank (4a), and transmit the separated gas to the injection structure (2); The high-pressure gas source (3) is connected to the interior of the gas-liquid separator (4f) via a second pressure reducing valve (3d).

2. A pretreatment device for a forging cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-liquid separator (4f) comprises a shell (4f1), the shell (4f1) is in the shape of a spindle and the axis is arranged vertically, an air outlet pipe (4f2) is formed at the top end of the shell (4f1), the air outlet pipe (4f2) is connected to the injection structure (2), a balance pipe (4f4) connected to the second pressure reducing valve (3d) is formed on the air outlet pipe (4f2), a third liquid outlet pipe (4f3) is formed at the bottom end of the shell (4f1), the third liquid outlet pipe (4f3) is connected to the first liquid storage tank (4a), and the shell (4f1) is provided with a plurality of liquid outlet pipes (4f3) connected to the first liquid storage tank (4a). f1) is formed with a feed pipe (4f5) extending in a horizontal direction and deviating from the axis of the shell (4f1), the feed pipe (4f5) is connected to the fourth venturi tube (4e), a material blocking cylinder (4f6) coaxial with the shell (4f1) is formed inside the shell (4f1), the top end of the material blocking cylinder (4f6) is connected to the air outlet pipe (4f2), the bottom end of the material blocking cylinder (4f6) is close to the third liquid outlet pipe (4f3), and a spiral blade (4f7) extending around its axis is formed on the material blocking cylinder (4f6).

3. A pretreatment device for a forging cavity according to claim 2, characterized in that: A float ball (4f8) is arranged inside the housing (4f1), the diameter of the float ball (4f8) is greater than the diameter of the third liquid outlet pipe (4f3), and the float ball (4f8) can float in the lubricating liquid.

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