Blockchain-based small and micro load electricity right auction method

Abstract

The application discloses a small and micro load electricity right auction method based on a block chain, relates to the field of electric power information technology, and aims to solve the problem that there is no bilateral auction mechanism for the electricity right auction at present, and the method comprises the following steps: receiving electricity right auction information; after authentication, calculating an auction bid amount and a bid price according to the auction information; sending the bid amount to a block chain, clearing, matching and checking the bid amount through a smart contract of the block chain; receiving a checking result of the smart contract and sending the checking result to a buyer-seller client. The application realizes the interaction between users and the block chain through a relay device, and realizes the automatic electricity right transaction of the buyer-seller side.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric power information, in particular to a small and micro load electricity right auction method based on a block chain. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the face of many challenges to the safe and stable operation of the power system, in order to realize the friendly interaction of source, network, storage and load, reduce the system redundancy, and improve the operation efficiency while ensuring the safety of the power grid, the construction of a multi-element fusion high-elasticity power grid has become a feasible solution. The multi-element fusion high-elasticity power grid is the core carrier of the energy internet, and one of its main tasks is to awaken the sleeping resources of the massive demand side. Since the electricity consumption of small and micro loads accounts for 36.6% of the total social electricity consumption, the response potential of small and micro loads is huge, and the electricity consumption in this field has the following characteristics: ① Large user base, large demand response potential; ② Low load elasticity of individual users; ③ Low user electricity efficiency and serious waste.

[0003] With the increase of small and micro load resources, there are more and more related contracts. At present, the difference between the response capacity of small and micro load contracts and the actual response capacity has the risk of random fluctuation. In the bidding process, the uncertainty of the response period and the peak shaving index, and the uncertainty of the user's estimate of the response cost under the influence of experience and practical operation environment, it is easy to produce a problem of too high or too low clearing price, which increases the uncertainty risk of bidding clearing. In addition, some users will participate in bidding under the driving of speculation psychology, participate in load reduction, use the loopholes of the official set bidding upper threshold and baseline judgment mechanism, and make market arbitrage through collusion, so that the fund investment and load capacity reduction effect in the response process are not proportional, which interferes with the normal operation of the market mechanism.

[0004] In summary, there is currently a lack of bilateral auction mechanism for electricity right auction, and small and micro loads are difficult to make independent decisions, and the enthusiasm of users is low. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a small and micro load electricity right auction method based on a block chain, which realizes the connection of embedded devices and block chains through a relay device, and realizes the auction of electricity right.

[0006] The purpose of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A small and micro load electricity right auction method based on a block chain, comprising a relay device, the relay device being a trusted node in the block chain, the relay device processing data, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Receiving electricity right auction information;

[0009] After authentication, calculate the auction bid price according to the auction information;

[0010] sending the bid amount to a blockchain, clearing, matching and checking the bid amount by a smart contract of the blockchain;

[0011] receiving a checking result of the smart contract and sending the checking result to a buyer-seller client.

[0012] Further, the electricity use right auction information is sent by a smart gateway connected with an embedded device.

[0013] Further, for the purpose of distinguishing themes, the embedded device realizes message subscription and publication with the blockchain by setting different themes.

[0014] Further, the communication mode between the client and the blockchain is asynchronous communication, including the following steps:

[0015] establishing a connection session between the blockchain and the client by the relay device;

[0016] the client sends information to a message queue;

[0017] the relay device receives information in the message queue.

[0018] Further, for the purpose of ensuring data authentication and becoming a trusted node, the relay device is configured with JDK and HVM virtual machine operating environment, and is also provided with PKI key and SDK certificate to authenticate the auction information.

[0019] Further, according to the auction information, an auction bid amount quote is calculated, including: obtaining an electricity use right auction bid amount quote strategy by an adaptive user utility model, and the calculation of the quote strategy includes the following steps:

[0020] calculating a utility function: U a，h (x a，h )=c a，h -b a，h (x a，h -x comfort ) 2 , wherein the electricity use device a∈A, A is a set of electricity use devices, the time period h∈H, H is a set of time periods, x a，h is an actual running state of the electricity use device or an actual influence on the environment, x comfort is an expected running state of the device set by the user or an expected influence on the environment, c a，h and b a，h are device fitting constants;

[0021] calculating a quote function k(U a，h (xa，h )-E p Δh)+b, wherein k and b are empirical parameters obtained by least square fitting user historical data, E is the price of electricity bill, p is the power consumption, and Δh is the power consumption duration.

[0022] Further, the blockchain is a consortium chain, and the consortium chain comprises a user, a power grid enterprise, and a regulatory authority.

[0023] Further, the smart contract of the blockchain clears, matches, and checks the bid quantity, and comprises the following steps:

[0024] The seller clearing is sorted by price from low to high, and the buyer clearing is sorted by price from high to low.

[0025] When the seller price is lower than the buyer price, the clearing is matched, and the following is satisfied: the transaction price = (v i +c j ) / 2; wherein v i is the seller price, c j is the buyer price; the transaction capacity is min(p S , p B ), wherein p S is the seller bid capacity, and p B is the buyer bid capacity.

[0026] The transaction result is stored in the contract account.

[0027] Further, the actual power consumption is calculated, and after the transaction result is stored in the contract account, the following steps are further included:

[0028] The actual executed power consumption of the user is received.

[0029] The difference between the actual executed power consumption and the transaction capacity is determined.

[0030] When the difference exceeds 5% of the transaction capacity, the subsidy amount is deducted.

[0031] Otherwise, the subsidy is issued.

[0032] Further, before the power consumption right auction information is received, the following steps are further included:

[0033] The power grid enterprise publishes a response capacity index in the blockchain through the relay device.

[0034] The user submits a bid capacity according to the response capacity index.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] The application realizes the bilateral auction of small and micro load electricity use right through the blockchain, guarantees the autonomy of small and micro load participation in demand side response, and reduces the management cost and calculation pressure of the centralized transaction center; the relay device is introduced as a trusted node to realize the interaction of user auction information and the blockchain, guarantee the safety and authenticity of the information; the demand side bidding and electricity use right bilateral auction are combined, and the market is cleared according to the price order, the efficiency of market transaction is maximized through the whole process of self-matching transaction, and honest users are encouraged to increase the response frequency, improve the degree of performance, expand the response range, and dig the response depth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the small and micro load electricity use right auction method based on the blockchain of the embodiment;

[0038] Figure 2 is a flowchart of the small and micro load electricity use right auction method based on the blockchain of the embodiment;

[0039] Figure 3 is a test result schematic diagram of the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be pointed out that the following description of the application with reference to the accompanying drawings is only illustrative and not limiting. The various different embodiments can be combined with each other to constitute other embodiments not shown in the following description.

[0041] Embodiment one

[0042] Embodiment one provides a small and micro load electricity use right auction method based on the blockchain, which aims to guarantee the safety and authenticity of information through the relay device, realize the interaction of users and the blockchain, and complete the trusted bilateral transaction of electricity use right.

[0043] The client of the user can only forward network information, and cannot verify the content of the information and the identity of the user, so the client cannot directly serve as a trusted node of the blockchain, and it cannot guarantee the authenticity and safety of the information.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1As shown in the principle diagram, the user's electricity right auction information is sent through an intelligent gateway connected with various embedded devices with metering and control functions, based on a message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) protocol of a relay device, and through an asynchronous communication mode using a message queue middleware and a trusted relay device configured with a blockchain client SDK certificate to realize message publishing and subscribing; the blockchain trusted relay device is internally configured with an adaptive user utility model to determine the electricity right auction bidding strategy; the blockchain trusted relay device publishes the auction bid amount through a P2P network using an asymmetric encryption algorithm, and realizes the clearing calculation, response verification and point-to-point transaction of the small and micro load electricity right auction participated by multiple subjects by calling a blockchain smart contract; the smart contract calculation result of the small and micro load electricity right auction interacts with a distributed ledger, and realizes data decentralization verification and permanent storage through a blockchain consensus mechanism.

[0045] The blockchain trusted relay device of the present application publishes the auction bid amount through a P2P network using an asymmetric encryption algorithm, realizes the clearing calculation, response verification and point-to-point transaction of the small and micro load electricity right auction participated by multiple subjects by a blockchain smart contract algorithm; the small and micro load submits the bid amount encapsulated into a transaction body to the smart contract after holding a blockchain account, and the smart contract realizes automatic bilateral auction by calling the clearing calculation, response verification and point-to-point transaction functions in different periods.

[0046] According to the above principle, please refer to Figure 2 A small and micro load electricity right auction method based on a blockchain, comprising a relay device, the relay device is a trusted node in the blockchain, the relay device processes data, comprising the following steps:

[0047] S110, receiving electricity right auction information;

[0048] The electricity right auction information is sent through an intelligent gateway connected with an embedded device. The electricity right refers to the difference between the real-time electricity demand and the planned electricity curve of the user. When the real-time electricity demand is greater than the planned electricity, it means that the electricity demand is greater than the agreement, so the electricity right needs to be purchased. Conversely, when the real-time electricity demand is less than the planned electricity, the electricity right needs to be sold.

[0049] The planned electricity refers to the bid capacity submitted by the user to the power grid company. Specifically, before receiving the electricity right auction information, the following steps are further included:

[0050] The power grid enterprise publishes a response capacity index in the blockchain through the relay device;

[0051] The user submits a bid capacity according to the response capacity index.

[0052] It should be noted that the response capacity index and the bid capacity published by the power grid company and the user are encrypted by a private key and then chained, and the transmission of information is realized through the P2P communication of the underlying blockchain. The user obtains the information by obtaining the corresponding information in the smart contract through the certificate and the key and decoding. This process is a conventional communication means of the blockchain technology, and this embodiment will not be described in detail.

[0053] The relay device is configured with JDK and HVM virtual machine running environment, and PKI key and SDK certificate are also set to authenticate the auction information. PKI (Public Key Infrastructure) is a system or platform that provides public key encryption and digital signature services, and its purpose is to manage keys and certificates. An organization can establish a secure network environment by managing keys and certificates using the PKI framework. The SDK certificate refers to the certificate of the user client. The security and authenticity of user information are ensured by setting the PKI key and the SDK certificate.

[0054] Since the process of the electricity right auction is completed in the blockchain, the user has no high real-time requirement, therefore, in this embodiment, the communication mode between the client and the blockchain is asynchronous communication, and the embedded device realizes the subscription and publication of messages between the blockchain by setting different topics (Topics). The data interaction between the smart load hardware device and the blockchain network from bottom to top is realized, and the relay device client with message subscription is fed back on the chain through the message queue module in the blockchain network, realizing the flow and broadcast of data flow from top to bottom. Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0055] The relay device establishes a connection session between the blockchain and the client;

[0056] The client sends information to the message queue;

[0057] The relay device receives the information in the message queue.

[0058] The relay device is used as a medium for pushing or transmitting messages between the client and the blockchain smart contract. The client creates and binds a routing key to determine the type of message to be obtained or uploaded. The corresponding message is distributed to the queue inside the channel, and finally received by the blockchain trusted relay device.

[0059] S120, after authentication, according to the auction information, calculate the auction bid price;

[0060] In S120, an adaptive user utility model is used to obtain the electricity right auction bidding strategy. The calculation of the bidding strategy includes the following steps:

[0061] Calculate the utility function: U a，h (x a，h ) = c a，h -b a，h (x a，h -x comfort ) 2 Where electrical equipment a∈A, A is the set of electrical equipment, time period h∈H, H is the set of time periods, and x a，h x represents the actual operating state of electrical equipment or its actual impact on the environment. comfort c is the user-defined desired operating state of the device or its expected impact on the environment. a，h and b a，h These are the device fitting constants;

[0062] Calculate the price function k(U) based on the utility function. a，h (x a，h )-E p Δh)+b, where k and b are empirical parameters obtained by fitting user historical data using the least squares method, E is the electricity price per unit, p is the power consumption, and Δh is the duration of electricity consumption.

[0063] By leveraging the utility model built into the blockchain trusted relay device, auction bidding is automated, enabling autonomous management and improving response efficiency.

[0064] The utility function described above is used to characterize user satisfaction. The device fitting constants and empirical parameters mentioned above are set with different values ​​according to different devices. For example, the fitting constant c for an air conditioner... a，h and b a，h The values ​​are 2 and 0.37 respectively; the empirical parameters k and b are 0.8 and 0.1 respectively.

[0065] S130. The bid quantity is sent to the blockchain, and the bid quantity is cleared, matched and verified through the smart contract of the blockchain;

[0066] S130 includes the following steps:

[0067] Sellers' clearing bids are sorted from lowest to highest price, and buyers' clearing bids are sorted from highest to lowest price.

[0068] When the seller's offer is lower than the buyer's offer, a clearing match is performed, satisfying: Transaction price = (v i +c j ) / 2; where v i For the seller's quote, cj offer; the transaction capacity is min(p S , p B ), wherein p S is the seller's bidding capacity, and p B is the buyer's bidding capacity;

[0069] The transaction result is stored in the contract account.

[0070] The clearing order can facilitate the matching of the demand of the buyer and the seller and accelerate the transaction efficiency.

[0071] The contract account described above is an account managed by a blockchain smart contract, which can prevent tampering.

[0072] In order to prevent the difference between the electricity right executed by the user and the electricity right agreed upon in the transaction from being too large, increase the authenticity of the transaction parties, and after storing the transaction result in the contract account, the following steps are further included:

[0073] Receiving the actual executed electricity quantity of the user;

[0074] Judging the difference between the actual executed electricity quantity and the transaction capacity:

[0075] When the difference exceeds 5% of the transaction capacity, the subsidy amount is deducted;

[0076] Otherwise, the subsidy is issued.

[0077] The specific amount of the subsidy is not specifically limited in this embodiment, and can be set by the power grid enterprise according to the actual situation.

[0078] S140, receiving the checking result of the smart contract, and sending the checking result to the buyer and seller client.

[0079] It should be noted that, in order to ensure the privacy of information, the blockchain selects a consortium chain, and the nodes of the consortium chain include users, power grid enterprises, and regulatory agencies.

[0080] The checking result in S140 includes the electricity right subsidy issuing checking result in S130, and further includes the result verified by the distributed ledger, refer to Figure 1The "verify" in distributed ledger verification is primarily accomplished through a consensus mechanism. Specifically, the consensus algorithm receives transaction requests from clients through consensus nodes, including regulatory nodes and consortium nodes with access certificates. Transaction requests include price quotes, bilateral matching requests, and electricity rights verification requests. Verifying the client's identity is done using the user's consortium certificate. A number is assigned to the request, and a pre-processed message is broadcast. When a consensus node updates, it broadcasts the collected verification messages through a P2P network, allowing other nodes to synchronize data and maintain heartbeat monitoring with other nodes. The consensus mechanism is a standard technical method in blockchain and will not be elaborated upon further here.

[0081] To verify the feasibility and effectiveness of this invention, tests were also conducted in a laboratory setting in this embodiment. Specifically, a distributed cluster was built using four Dell PowerEdge R740 2U rack servers, all running CentOS 7, with 96GB of memory and Intel Xeon Gold 5220R processors. A four-node consortium blockchain cluster was deployed. The block delay was measured by executing the smart contract auction algorithm described in this embodiment. The statistical results are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, through multiple tests of the auction method and apparatus of this invention, the block latency is mostly less than 50ms, which can meet the performance requirements of high throughput.

[0082] For those skilled in the art, various other corresponding changes and modifications can be made based on the technical solutions and concepts described above, and all such changes and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1.A blockchain-based method for auctioning small and micro load electricity rights, characterized in that, The application relates to a relay device which is a trusted node in a blockchain, the relay device processes data, and the method comprises the following steps: receiving power right auction information; after authentication, calculating an auction bid price according to the auction information; wherein calculating the auction bid price according to the auction information comprises the following steps: obtaining a power right auction bid price strategy through an adaptive user utility model, and the calculation of the bid price strategy comprises the following steps: Computing the utility function: where the set of electrical devices , is the set of electrical devices, the time period , is the set of time periods, is the actual operating state of the electrical device or its actual impact on the environment, is the desired operating state of the device set by the user or its desired impact on the environment, and are device fitting constants; computing a bid function from the utility function wherein, and are empirical parameters obtained from fitting user historical data according to least square method, respectively, is the electricity price, is the power consumption, is the power consumption duration; sending the auction bid price to the blockchain, clearing, matching and checking the auction bid price through a smart contract of the blockchain; receiving the checking result of the smart contract and sending the checking result to a buyer-seller client. 2.The blockchain-based small and micro load electricity right auction method according to claim 1, wherein, The power right auction information is sent through a smart gateway connected with an embedded device. 3.The blockchain-based small and micro load electricity right auction method according to claim 2, wherein, The embedded device realizes message subscription and release between the blockchain through setting different themes. 4.The blockchain-based micro-load electricity right auction method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The communication mode between the client and the blockchain is asynchronous communication, and the method comprises the following steps: establishing a connection session between the blockchain and the client through the relay device; the client sends information to a message queue; receiving information in the message queue through the relay device. 5.The blockchain-based small and micro load electricity right auction method according to claim 1, wherein, The relay device is configured with a JDK and a HVM virtual machine running environment, and is also provided with a PKI key and an SDK certificate to authenticate the auction information. 6.The blockchain-based small and micro load electricity right auction method according to claim 1, wherein, The blockchain is a consortium chain, and the consortium chain comprises users, power grid enterprises and regulatory authorities. 7.The blockchain-based small and micro load electricity right auction method according to claim 1, wherein, The smart contract of the blockchain clears, matches and checks the auction bid price, and the method comprises the following steps: sorting the seller clearing according to the price from low to high, and sorting the buyer clearing according to the price from high to low; When the seller quote is lower than the buyer quote, a clearing match is made that satisfies: the trade price = ; where, the seller quote, the buyer quote; and the trade volume is where the seller bid volume, the buyer bid volume; storing the transaction result in a contract account. 8.The blockchain-based small and micro load electricity right auction method according to claim 7, wherein, After storing the transaction result in the contract account, the following steps are further included: receiving actual power consumption of the user; judging the difference between the actual power consumption and the transaction capacity: when the difference exceeds 5% of the transaction capacity, the subsidy amount is deducted; otherwise, the subsidy is issued. 9.The blockchain-based small and micro load electricity right auction method according to claim 1, wherein, Before receiving the power right auction information, the following steps are further included: the power grid enterprise publishes a response capacity index in the blockchain through the relay device; the user submits an auction bid price according to the response capacity index.

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