Display panel, manufacturing method thereof, and display device

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a display panel, a method for manufacturing the same, and a display device. The display panel includes: a driving backplane, a plurality of light-emitting units, and a patterned light-shielding layer; the plurality of light-emitting units are arranged between the driving backplane and the light-shielding layer, with a spacing between the plurality of light-emitting units and the light-shielding layer; at least one of the plurality of light-emitting units is arranged relative to a plurality of opening areas of the light-shielding layer, and the brightness of light emitted from any one of the at least one light-emitting unit to the corresponding plurality of opening areas is equal; the opening areas of the light-shielding layer corresponding to the at least one light-emitting unit are all arranged along a set direction. The display panel disclosed in the present disclosure can realize an anti-peeping function, and the brightness of light emitted at a small viewing angle is relatively high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the field of display technology, and particularly relates to a display panel, a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device. Background Art

[0002] This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments recited in the claims. No admission is made that anything herein is prior art by virtue of its inclusion in this section.

[0003] In conventional anti-privacy display devices, an anti-privacy film is attached to the light-emitting surface of the display panel. This film suppresses both low-angle and high-angle light emission from the display panel. However, users only want to suppress high-angle light emission from the display panel, not low-angle light emission. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present disclosure provides a display panel, a method for manufacturing the same, and a display device.

[0005] The present disclosure adopts the following technical solution: a display panel comprising: a driving backplane, a plurality of light-emitting units, and a patterned light-shielding layer;

[0006] The plurality of light emitting units are arranged between the driving backplane and the light shielding layer, and a distance is left between the plurality of light emitting units and the light shielding layer;

[0007] At least one of the plurality of light-emitting units is disposed opposite to the plurality of opening regions of the light-shielding layer, and the brightness of light emitted from any one of the at least one light-emitting unit to the corresponding plurality of opening regions is equal;

[0008] The plurality of opening areas of the light shielding layer corresponding to the at least one light emitting unit are arranged along a set direction.

[0009] In some embodiments, any one of the at least one light-emitting unit includes a plurality of light-emitting regions separated from each other, and the plurality of light-emitting regions separated from each other are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of opening regions of the light-shielding layer.

[0010] In some embodiments, a distance between any one of the plurality of light-emitting regions separated from each other and an opening region of the light-shielding layer opposite thereto in the set direction is less than 3 um.

[0011] In some embodiments, a distance between two adjacent light-emitting areas in the plurality of light-emitting areas separated from each other in the set direction is less than or equal to 10 um.

[0012] In some embodiments, any one of the at least one light-emitting unit includes a light-emitting area, and the plurality of continuous opening areas of the light-shielding layer arranged along the set direction are arranged opposite to the light-emitting area.

[0013] In some embodiments, the ratio of the size of the opening area of ​​the light shielding layer along the set direction to its thickness is less than tan30°.

[0014] In some embodiments, the display panel further includes color resists filling the opening areas of the light shielding layer, wherein the color resists corresponding to the same light emitting unit have the same color.

[0015] In some embodiments, the light shielding layer includes at least one of a black matrix, a patterned light reflecting layer, a metal grating, and a Bragg reflector.

[0016] In some embodiments, the display panel further includes: an encapsulation layer disposed between the light emitting unit and the light shielding layer.

[0017] In some embodiments, a single light-emitting unit includes a plurality of organic light-emitting layers separated from each other or a single organic light-emitting layer.

[0018] In some embodiments, the set direction is the left-right direction of the display panel in use.

[0019] In some embodiments, the shapes and sizes of the multiple opening areas of the light-shielding layer corresponding to the same light-emitting unit are the same.

[0020] The present disclosure adopts the following technical solution: a display device includes the aforementioned display panel.

[0021] The present disclosure adopts the following technical solution: A method for preparing a display panel, comprising:

[0022] forming a plurality of light-emitting units on the driving backplane;

[0023] forming a light shielding layer on a side of the plurality of light emitting units away from the driving backplane, with a distance between the plurality of light emitting units and the light shielding layer;

[0024] Among them, at least one of the multiple light-emitting units is arranged opposite to the multiple opening areas of the shading layer, the brightness of light emitted from any one of the at least one light-emitting unit to the corresponding multiple opening areas is equal, and the multiple opening areas of the shading layer corresponding to the at least one light-emitting unit are all arranged along a set direction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is the layout of the light-shielding layer in the display panel of the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 2 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, showing a pixel unit.

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The relationship between the relative brightness of the display panel and the viewing angle is shown, which also shows the comparative test data of anti-peeping using an anti-peeping film.

[0028] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein one pixel unit is shown.

[0029] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The relationship between the relative brightness of the display panel and the viewing angle is shown, which also shows the comparative test data of anti-peeping using an anti-peeping film.

[0030] Figure 6 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein one pixel unit is shown.

[0031] Figure 7 1 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] The figure numbers are as follows: 1. Driving backplane; 21. Light-emitting area; 22. Pixel definition layer; 23. Common cathode; 24. Organic light-emitting layer; 25. First inorganic encapsulation layer; 26. Organic encapsulation layer; 27. Second inorganic encapsulation layer; 28. Buffer layer; 3. Light-shielding layer; 31. Opening area; 32. Black matrix; 33. Reflective layer; 34. Color resist; 4. Planarization layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present disclosure will be further described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 This is the layout of the light-shielding layer in the display panel of the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, showing a pixel unit. Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein one pixel unit is shown. Figure 6 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein one pixel unit is shown.

[0035] Combine Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 6 An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display panel, including: a driving backplane 1, a plurality of light-emitting units, and a patterned light-shielding layer 3.

[0036] In some embodiments, the driving backplane 1 includes a substrate (not shown) and a driving circuit layer (not shown) disposed on the substrate. The driving circuit layer is provided with multilayer wiring and a plurality of pixel circuits. Each pixel circuit is connected to a light-emitting unit. The multilayer wiring includes power lines, gate lines, and data lines. The top of the driving backplane 1 is a planarization layer 4, which provides a flat surface for the light-emitting units.

[0037] In some embodiments, the material of the planarization layer 4 includes: optically transparent resin.

[0038] In some embodiments, the display panel is a color display panel, and each light-emitting unit forms a sub-pixel. In other embodiments, the display panel is a monochrome display panel, and each light-emitting unit forms a pixel.

[0039] The plurality of light emitting units are arranged between the driving back plate 1 and the light shielding layer 3 , and a distance is left between the plurality of light emitting units and the light shielding layer 3 .

[0040] The light shielding layer 3 is used to shield the light emitting unit from emitting light at a wide viewing angle.

[0041] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 The light shielding layer 3 includes a black matrix 32. The black matrix 32 absorbs the light emitted by the light emitting unit at a large viewing angle. Figure 6 The light shielding layer 3 includes a patterned reflective layer 33, which reflects the light emitted by the light emitting unit with a large viewing angle back to the light emitting unit. In other embodiments, the light shielding layer 3 includes a metal grating or a Bragg reflector.

[0042] refer to Figure 6 The light reflecting layer 33 is stacked with the black matrix 32. The light reflecting layer 33 is located on the side of the black matrix 32 close to the light emitting unit. The orthographic projections of the light reflecting layer 33 and the black matrix 32 on the driving backplane 1 overlap.

[0043] In some other embodiments, the light shielding layer 3 only includes the patterned light reflecting layer 33 .

[0044] In some embodiments, the material of the light reflecting layer 33 includes silver (Ag).

[0045] At least one of the plurality of light-emitting units is disposed opposite to the plurality of opening regions 31 of the light-shielding layer 3. The brightness of light emitted from any one of the at least one light-emitting unit to the corresponding plurality of opening regions 31 is equal. The plurality of opening regions 31 of the light-shielding layer 3 corresponding to the at least one light-emitting unit are all arranged along a predetermined direction.

[0046] Figure 1The area demarcated by the dashed line is the display area corresponding to each light-emitting unit. The present disclosure does not impose any particular restrictions on the shape and arrangement of the light-emitting units, or the number and shape of the openings 31 of the light-shielding layer 3. For example, the arrangement of the light-emitting units may be a known real RGB or Pentile arrangement.

[0047] Combine Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the small-angle light emitted by a single light-emitting unit can pass through the opening area 31 of the light-shielding layer 3 and emit out of the display panel, and will not be attenuated compared to the existing design. Since the light-shielding layer 3 is also provided above the middle area of ​​the light-emitting unit, the size of each opening area 31 of the light-shielding layer 3 in the preset direction is relatively small, and the large-angle light emitted by a single light-emitting unit is more likely to be blocked by the light-shielding layer 3. Figure 2 and Figure 4 The current viewing angle is set to left or right.

[0048] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 Any one of the at least one light-emitting unit includes a plurality of light-emitting regions 21 separated from each other, and the plurality of light-emitting regions 21 separated from each other are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of opening regions 31 of the light-shielding layer 3 .

[0049] Specifically, in Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, a single light-emitting unit includes two organic light-emitting layers 24 separated from each other. The two organic light-emitting layers share a common cathode 23, and the anodes connected to the two organic light-emitting layers are of equal potential (for example, two pixel electrodes short-circuited, the pixel electrodes are arranged on top of the driving backplane). The grayscale of the organic light-emitting layers in the same light-emitting unit remains equal. The common cathode 23, the two organic light-emitting layers 24, and the two short-circuited pixel electrodes constitute two organic light-emitting diodes. For a color display panel, these two organic light-emitting diodes belong to the same sub-pixel.

[0050] Specifically, the pixel definition layer 22 defines the light emitting area 21 of the organic light emitting diode. The first inorganic encapsulation layer 25, the organic encapsulation layer 26 and the second inorganic encapsulation layer 27 are used to encapsulate the organic light emitting diode to provide mechanical protection for the organic light emitting diode and prevent moisture from invading the organic light emitting diode.

[0051] In some embodiments, the material of the first inorganic encapsulation layer 25 includes silicon oxynitride, silicon nitride, or silicon oxide. The material of the first inorganic encapsulation layer 25 is preferably silicon nitride, which has a large dielectric constant and can effectively prevent leakage.

[0052] In some embodiments, the material of the organic encapsulation layer 26 includes polyimide.

[0053] In some embodiments, the material of the second inorganic encapsulation layer 27 includes silicon oxide.

[0054] In some embodiments, the buffer layer 28 is disposed on a side of the second inorganic encapsulation layer 27 away from the driving backplane 1 . The light shielding layer 3 is disposed on a surface of the buffer layer 28 away from the driving backplane 1 .

[0055] In some embodiments, the material of the buffer layer 28 includes silicon oxynitride or transparent optical resin.

[0056] In some embodiments, the distance between any one of the plurality of light-emitting regions 21 separated from each other and the opening region 31 of the light-shielding layer 3 opposite thereto in the set direction is less than 3 μm. Figure 2 , the distance is marked as distance D1, D1<3um.

[0057] This design blocks the wide-angle light output of each light-emitting area 21 in the set direction, thereby achieving a privacy protection effect. If the spacing D1 is too large, the wide-angle light output of a single light-emitting area 21 cannot be effectively blocked.

[0058] In some embodiments, a distance between two adjacent light-emitting regions 21 in a set direction among the plurality of light-emitting regions 21 separated from each other is less than or equal to 10 um.

[0059] If the distances between the light-emitting areas 21 in the same light-emitting unit are too large, the display resolution will be reduced.

[0060] Figure 3 In the test data shown, the embodiment marked with dotted lines is Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the comparative example marked with solid lines was tested using a conventional organic light emitting diode display panel with an anti-peep film. Figure 3 The test data shows that the light emission at a wide viewing angle of the display panel provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is effectively suppressed, while the brightness of the light emission at a narrow viewing angle is not suppressed. The brightness difference between the light emission at a wide viewing angle and the light emission at a narrow viewing angle of the display panel provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is obvious.

[0061] In some embodiments, any one of the at least one light-emitting unit includes a light-emitting region 21 , and the plurality of continuous opening regions 31 of the light-shielding layer 3 arranged along the set direction are arranged opposite to the light-emitting region 21 .

[0062] In some embodiments, a single light-emitting unit is composed of a single organic light-emitting layer 24. A single organic light-emitting layer 24 contributes to the formation of a single organic light-emitting diode. Figure 4In the embodiment shown, a single organic light emitting diode includes a common cathode 23, an organic light emitting layer 24 and a pixel electrode (not shown). For a color display panel, a single organic light emitting diode constitutes a sub-pixel.

[0063] according to Figure 4 At the current viewing angle, the set direction is left-right. Most of the wide-angle light emitted from each position of the light-emitting unit is blocked by the spaced-apart light-shielding layers 3. Light emitted from the light-emitting area 21 opposite the opening 31 of the light-shielding layer 3 passes through the opening 31 of the light-shielding layer 3 with almost no loss.

[0064] In some embodiments, the ratio of the dimension L of the opening area 31 of the light shielding layer 3 along the set direction to its thickness H is less than tan30°. A relatively thick light shielding layer 3 can more effectively block light from various positions of the light emitting unit at a wide viewing angle.

[0065] Figure 5 In the test data shown, the embodiment marked with dotted lines is Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, the comparative example marked with solid lines was tested using a conventional organic light emitting diode display panel with an anti-peep film. Figure 5 The test data shows that the light emission at a wide viewing angle of the display panel provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is effectively suppressed, while the brightness of the light emission at a small viewing angle is not suppressed. The difference between the light emission at a wide viewing angle and the light emission at a small viewing angle of the display panel provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is quite large.

[0066] In some embodiments, the set direction is the left and right direction of the display panel in use.

[0067] In some embodiments, the opening regions 31 of the light shielding layer 3 corresponding to the same light emitting unit are filled with color resist 34 material of the same color to improve the display contrast.

[0068] In some embodiments, the planarization layer 4 covers the color resist 34 to provide a flat top surface for the display panel. The material of the planarization layer 4 includes, for example, a transparent resin material.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, although the light shielding layer 33 occupies a certain display area, the aperture ratio can still be greater than 30% through reasonable design.

[0070] The shapes and sizes of the multiple opening regions 31 of the light-shielding layer 3 corresponding to the same light-emitting unit are the same. This design can make the light output of the light-emitting unit more uniform. Of course, the shapes and sizes of the multiple opening regions 31 of the light-shielding layer 3 corresponding to the same light-emitting unit can also be different.

[0071] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display device including the aforementioned display panel.

[0072] The display device is, for example, a display module, a display touch module, a monitor, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a navigator, a smart wearable device, or any other product or component with a display function.

[0073] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a method for manufacturing a display panel. Figure 7 , the method includes the following steps.

[0074] Step 101: Form a plurality of light-emitting units on a driving backplane.

[0075] Step 102: forming a light-shielding layer on a side of the plurality of light-emitting units away from the driving backplane, with a spacing between the plurality of light-emitting units and the light-shielding layer; wherein at least one of the plurality of light-emitting units is arranged opposite to a plurality of opening areas of the light-shielding layer, the brightness of light emitted from any one of the at least one light-emitting unit to the corresponding plurality of opening areas is equal, and the plurality of opening areas of the light-shielding layer corresponding to the at least one light-emitting unit are all arranged along a set direction.

[0076] Specifically, the organic light-emitting layer may be formed by an evaporation process, the first inorganic encapsulation layer and the second inorganic encapsulation layer may be formed by a chemical vapor deposition process, and the organic encapsulation layer may be formed by an inkjet printing process.

[0077] Subsequently, a buffer layer, a black matrix, and a color resist are formed in sequence. The black matrix is ​​made of, for example, black resin. The color resist can be patterned by photolithography and etching.

[0078] The various embodiments in the present disclosure are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0079] The scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present disclosure without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. If such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of the present disclosure and their equivalents, the present disclosure is intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that: include: A driving backplane (1), a plurality of light-emitting units, and a patterned light-shielding layer (3); The plurality of light-emitting units are arranged between the driving backplane (1) and the light-shielding layer (3), and a distance is left between the plurality of light-emitting units and the light-shielding layer (3); At least one of the plurality of light-emitting units is arranged opposite to the plurality of opening areas (31) of the light-shielding layer (3), and the brightness of light emitted from any one of the at least one light-emitting unit to the corresponding plurality of opening areas (31) is equal, and the light-shielding layer (3) is used to block the light emitted from the light-emitting unit at a wide viewing angle; the display panel further comprises: a planarization layer (4), and the plurality of opening areas (31) of the light-shielding layer (3) are located between the planarization layer (4) and the light-emitting unit; The plurality of opening areas (31) of the light shielding layer (3) corresponding to the at least one light-emitting unit are all arranged along a set direction; Any one of the at least one light-emitting unit comprises a plurality of light-emitting regions (21) separated from each other, and the plurality of light-emitting regions (21) separated from each other are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of opening regions (31) of the light-shielding layer (3).

2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein: The spacing between any one of the plurality of mutually separated light-emitting regions (21) and the opening region (31) of the light-shielding layer (3) opposite thereto in the set direction is less than 3 μm.

3. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein: The spacing between two adjacent light-emitting areas (21) in the plurality of light-emitting areas (21) separated from each other in the set direction is less than or equal to 10 μm.

4. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein: The ratio of the size of the opening area (31) of the light-shielding layer (3) along the set direction to its thickness is less than tan30°.

5. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein: The display panel further comprises a color resist filling the opening area (31) of the light shielding layer (3), wherein the color of the color resist opposite to the same light emitting unit is the same.

6. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein: The light shielding layer (3) comprises: a black matrix (32), a patterned light reflecting layer (33), at least one of a metal grating and a Bragg reflector.

7. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein: The display panel further comprises: an encapsulation layer arranged between the light-emitting unit and the light-shielding layer (3).

8. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein: A single light-emitting unit includes a plurality of organic light-emitting layers separated from each other or a single organic light-emitting layer.

9. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein: The set direction is the left-right direction of the display panel in use.

10. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein The shapes and sizes of the multiple opening areas (31) of the light-shielding layer (3) corresponding to the same light-emitting unit are the same.

11. A display device, characterized in that: The invention comprises the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A method for preparing a display panel, characterized in that: include: A plurality of light-emitting units are formed on the driving backplane (1); A light shielding layer (3) is formed on a side of the plurality of light-emitting units away from the driving backplane (1), with a distance being left between the plurality of light-emitting units and the light shielding layer (3); wherein at least one of the plurality of light-emitting units is arranged relative to the plurality of opening areas (31) of the light-shielding layer (3); the brightness of light emitted from any one of the at least one light-emitting unit to the plurality of opening areas (31) corresponding thereto is equal; the plurality of opening areas (31) of the light-shielding layer (3) corresponding to the at least one light-emitting unit are all arranged along a set direction; the light-shielding layer (3) is used to block the light emitted from the light-emitting unit at a wide viewing angle; any one of the at least one light-emitting unit comprises a plurality of light-emitting areas (21) separated from each other, and the plurality of light-emitting areas (21) separated from each other are arranged relative to the plurality of opening areas (31) of the light-shielding layer (3) in a one-to-one correspondence; A planarization layer (4) is formed on a side of the light shielding layer (3) away from the driving backplane (1); a plurality of opening areas (31) of the light shielding layer (3) are located between the planarization layer (4) and the light emitting unit.

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