Electrical connector

Abstract

The present invention discloses an electrical connector, comprising: an insulating block; at least one pair of differential terminals fixed to the insulating block, wherein the pair of differential terminals comprises a first terminal and a second terminal arranged in parallel along a first direction, wherein both the first terminal and the second terminal comprise a contact portion for contacting a docking terminal of a docking element, a connecting portion enclosed in the insulating block, an extension portion connecting the contact portion and the connecting portion, and a conductive portion extending from the connecting portion; wherein the extension portion of the first terminal has at least one convex portion located outside the insulating block, the extension portion of the second terminal has at least one concave portion located outside the insulating block, and the convex portion of the first terminal and the concave portion of the second terminal face each other along the first direction. The present invention can improve the impedance consistency of the differential terminal at different positions of the contact portion, the extension portion, and the connecting portion, reduce signal reflection, and reduce signal loss; and can also suppress far-end crosstalk.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The invention relates to an electric connector, in particular to an electric connector for improving far-end crosstalk and impedance consistency. [Background technology]

[0002] A known electrical connector is connected to a docking connector in front, and the electrical connector includes two signal terminals for transmitting differential signals, each of the signal terminals includes a main body fixed in an insulator, a welding portion extending from one end of the main body, a connecting section extending forward from the other end of the main body, and a contact portion extending forward from the connecting section. Due to the elastic deformation requirement of the contact portion or the positioning of the injection mold when the insulator is injected on the signal terminal, the connecting section cannot be covered and fixed by the insulator. Affected by the shape of the signal terminal at different positions or the dielectric constant of the surrounding material or other factors, the impedance difference between the connecting section and the contact portion and the main body is large, resulting in poor impedance consistency of the signal terminal of the electrical connector, causing large signal reflection and large signal loss, which is not conducive to signal transmission processing. In addition, the signal terminal is affected by the surrounding interference source, and there will be far-end crosstalk that gradually accumulates on the transmission path. The far-end crosstalk is coupled on the signal terminal to produce an unexpected energy value, which may cause data transmission loss or distortion, affecting signal transmission processing.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to design a new electrical connector to overcome the above problems. [Summary of the invention]

[0004] The invention aims to provide an electrical connector, which can increase the coupling area of ​​the two extension parts by setting facing convex parts and concave parts on the two extension parts of a pair of differential terminals, thereby increasing the capacitance effect between the two extension parts, reducing the impedance of the two extension parts, improving the impedance consistency of the differential terminal at different positions of the contact part, the extension part and the connecting part, reducing signal reflection and signal loss; at the same time, it can also adjust the values ​​of mutual capacitance, self-capacitance, mutual inductance and self-inductance of the differential terminals at different positions, so that after the far-end crosstalk of the first terminal and the second terminal in a pair of differential terminals at different positions is superimposed on each other, the accumulated far-end crosstalk sum on the overall transmission path is reduced, which helps to suppress the far-end crosstalk.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an electrical connector, comprising: an insulating block; at least one pair of differential terminals fixed to the insulating block, the pair of differential terminals comprising a first terminal and a second terminal arranged in parallel along a first direction, the first terminal and the second terminal both comprising a contact portion for contacting a mating terminal of a mating element, a connecting portion enclosed in the insulating block, an extension portion connecting the contact portion and the connecting portion, and a conductive portion extending from the connecting portion; wherein the extension portion of the first terminal has at least one convex portion located outside the insulating block, the extension portion of the second terminal has at least one concave portion located outside the insulating block, the convex portion of the first terminal and the concave portion of the second terminal face each other along the first direction; for each of the first terminal and the second terminal, the width of the extension portion is greater than the width of the contact portion; the distance between the contact portion of the first terminal and the contact portion of the second terminal in the first direction is defined as a first distance, and the distance between the convex portion of the first terminal and the concave portion of the second terminal in the first direction is defined as a second distance, and the first distance is greater than the second distance.

[0006] Furthermore, the contact portion of the first terminal and the contact portion of the second terminal are both elastic contact portions, the extension portion of the first terminal is located in the elastic deformation area of ​​the first terminal, the extension portion of the second terminal is located in the elastic deformation area of ​​the second terminal, and the convex portion extends toward the concave portion and does not extend into the concave portion.

[0007] Furthermore, the facing convex portion and the concave portion are both trapezoidal in shape and complementary in shape.

[0008] Furthermore, the extension portion of the first terminal and the extension portion of the second terminal both have a plurality of protrusions and a plurality of recesses. For each of the extension portions, the plurality of protrusions and the plurality of recesses are located outside the insulating block and are alternately arranged along the extension direction of the extension portion. Each of the protrusions of the first terminal faces a corresponding one of the recesses of the second terminal along the first direction, and each of the recesses of the first terminal faces a corresponding one of the protrusions of the second terminal along the first direction. The extension lengths of the protrusions and recesses adjacent to each other along the extension direction are different.

[0009] Furthermore, the electrical connector also includes an insulating fixed body, a grounding plate and at least one shielding shell, the insulating fixed body is injection molded on the grounding plate and the shielding shell, the grounding plate has at least one grounding contact extending from the insulating fixed body and used to connect with the docking element, the grounding plate is in contact with a side wall of the shielding shell, the grounding contact is located on one side of the contact portion of the first terminal along the first direction, the shielding shell is surrounded by a receiving space, and a pair of the differential terminals and the insulating block are located in the receiving space.

[0010] Furthermore, the electrical connector also includes two pairs of the differential terminals arranged adjacent to each other along the first direction, two shielding shells respectively arranged around the outside of the two pairs of the differential terminals, and the grounding plate is located between the two pairs of the differential terminals; the grounding plate contacts one of the side walls of the shielding shells along the first direction, and the projections of the two pairs of the differential terminals, the grounding plate and the side walls in contact with the grounding plate along the first direction overlap.

[0011] Further, a distance between a connecting portion of the first terminal and a connecting portion of the second terminal in the first direction is defined as a third distance, and the third distance is greater than the second distance.

[0012] Furthermore, the electrical connector also includes an insulating shell, the insulating shell having a slot and a side wall located on one side of the slot, the side wall including at least one terminal slot for accommodating a pair of the differential terminals, a protrusion extending from the bottom of the terminal slot toward the extension portions of the first terminal and the second terminal, a surface of the protrusion facing the extension portion is close to the extension portion relative to the bottom of the terminal slot; the contact portion of the first terminal and the contact portion of the second terminal are both elastic contact portions, and the first terminal and the second terminal further include a guide portion formed by bending and extending from one end of the contact portion toward the bottom of the terminal slot, and the guide portion extends beyond the protrusion.

[0013] Furthermore, the contact portion is an elastic contact portion, the contact portion includes a contact section and a transition section connected between the contact section and the extension portion, the contact section is used to contact the docking portion of the docking terminal, the area of ​​the cross section formed by the contact section and the docking portion at the contact position is defined as a first area, the area of ​​the cross section of the transition section is defined as a second area, the area of ​​the minimum cross section of the extension portion is defined as a third area, and the area of ​​the cross section of the connecting portion is defined as a fourth area, the second area is smaller than the first area and smaller than the third area, and the fourth area is smaller than the third area; the distance between the convex portion of the first terminal and the concave portion of the second terminal in the first direction is smaller than the distance between the connecting portion of the first terminal and the connecting portion of the second terminal in the first direction.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the electrical connector provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] When the first terminal and the second terminal are transmitting differential signals, the impedance at the contact portion will be reduced due to the thickness of the mating terminal being superimposed on the contact portion; the inner side of the first terminal and the inner side of the second terminal face each other for mutual coupling, and the convex portion and the concave portion allow the coupling surface between the two extensions to extend in a curved surface. Compared with the two coupling surfaces extending straight, the present invention can increase the mutual coupling area of ​​the two extensions, thereby increasing the capacitance effect of a pair of differential terminals at the extensions and reducing the impedance at the extensions; in addition, since the dielectric constant at the insulating block is greater than the dielectric constant of the air medium, the connection portion is wrapped in the insulating block to increase the capacitance effect of the connection portion, thereby reducing the impedance at the connection portion. As a result, for the paired first terminal and second terminal, the impedance at the contact portion, the extension portion and the connection portion can be relatively reduced, improving the impedance consistency of the first terminal and the second terminal on the transmission path, reducing signal reflection caused by inconsistent impedance, and reducing signal loss. At the same time, the far-end crosstalk is related to the size relationship between the two ratios of Cm / Cs and Lm / Ls, and the far-end crosstalk will gradually accumulate on the transmission path. Since the convex portion and the concave portion at the two extension portions of the present embodiment can make the Cm / Cs ratio at the extension portion greater than the Lm / Ls ratio, the far-end crosstalk at the extension portion is helped to present a positive potential. Therefore, after the far-end crosstalk at this location and the far-end crosstalk at other locations with negative potentials are superimposed on each other, the total far-end crosstalk received by the first terminal and the second terminal on the overall transmission path can be reduced, thereby helping to suppress the far-end crosstalk.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional assembly of an electrical connector provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 An exploded schematic diagram of an electrical connector provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 An exploded schematic diagram of one of the connection components provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the electrical connector provided by an embodiment of the present invention after being cut by a plane perpendicular to the first direction;

[0020] Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional view of the electrical connector provided by an embodiment of the present invention after being cut by a plane perpendicular to the second direction;

[0021] Figure 6 An exploded schematic diagram of a terminal module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of a terminal module provided by an embodiment of the present invention after being cut by a plane perpendicular to a third direction;

[0023] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Magnified view of part A.

[0024] Description of the accompanying drawings for the specific implementation:

[0025] Electrical connector 100 Insulation housing 1 Slot 11 Side wall 12 Terminal slot 121 Bottom of groove 1211 Protrusion 122 End wall 13 Connect Component 2 Insulation fixing body 21 Terminal module 22 Terminal 23 First terminal S1 The second terminal S2 Contact Department 231 Contact segment 2311 Transition Section 2312 Extension 232 Projection 2321 Recess 2322 Connection part 233 Conducting portion 234 Guide 235 Insulation block 24 Shielding shell 25 Side wall 251 Grounding plate 26 Main body 261 Ground contact 262 Extension length L1, L2 First distance D1 The second distance D2 The third distance D3 First direction X Second direction Y The third direction Z [Specific implementation method]

[0026] In order to facilitate a better understanding of the purpose, structure, characteristics and effects of the present invention, the present invention is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0027] In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the present invention, the X-axis in the three-dimensional coordinate axes in the drawings of the specification is defined as the first direction, the Y-axis is defined as the second direction, and the Z-axis is defined as the third direction, and the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis are perpendicular to each other.

[0028] See also Figures 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electrical connector 100 for connecting with a docking element (not shown, the same below) along a second direction Y. The electrical connector 100 includes an insulating shell 1 and a plurality of connection components 2 accommodated in the insulating shell 1 and arranged in parallel along a first direction X. Each of the connection components 2 includes an insulating fixed body 21, a plurality of shielding shells 25 and a plurality of terminal modules 22, and the plurality of shielding shells 25 and the plurality of terminal modules 22 are fixed to the insulating fixed body 21. Each of the terminal modules 22 includes two terminals 23 arranged side by side along the first direction X and an insulating block 24 for fixing the two terminals 23, and each of the terminal modules 22 is accommodated in a corresponding shielding shell 25. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of the shielding shells 25 and the terminal modules 22 may be different, for example, a larger shielding shell 25 may accommodate two or more terminal modules 22 at the same time, which is not limited here. In this embodiment, most of the connection components 2 further include a grounding sheet 26, which is fixed in the insulating fixed body 21 together with the multiple shielding shells 25 in the same connection component 2, and the grounding sheet 26 is in contact with the multiple shielding shells 25 in the same connection component 2, while the connection component 2 located on one side along the first direction X is not provided with the grounding sheet 26, and the connection component 2 located on the other side along the first direction X is separately provided with the grounding sheet 26 outside. Of course, in other embodiments, the grounding sheet 26 can be selectively provided on the connection component 2 at various positions according to actual needs, which is not limited here.

[0029] See also Figure 1 and Figure 4 The insulating housing 1 has two slots 11 connected to the docking element, each of the slots 11 is formed by two side walls 12 arranged opposite to each other in the third direction Z and two end walls 13 arranged opposite to each other in the first direction X, and each end wall 13 connects the two side walls 12. Each side wall 12 is provided with a plurality of terminal slots 121.

[0030] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6Each of the connection components 2 includes four terminal modules 22, and the terminals 23 of the four terminal modules 22 extend into the terminal slot 121 of the corresponding side wall 12. Each of the terminals 23 has a contact portion 231 for contacting the docking terminal (not shown, the same below) of the docking element, a connecting portion 233 enclosed in the insulating block 24, an extending portion 232 connecting the contact portion 231 and the connecting portion 233, and a conductive portion 234 extending from the connecting portion 233. The conductive portion 234 can be electrically connected to a substrate (not shown, the same below) or a cable (not shown, the same below). The contact portion 231 and the extending portion 232 of each terminal 23 extend into the corresponding terminal slot 121. In this embodiment, each of the terminals 23 has a guide portion 235 formed by bending and extending from one end of the contact portion 231, and the contact portion 231 is an elastic contact portion. The guide portion 235 is used to guide the mating terminal to smoothly enter the slot 11 and contact the corresponding contact portion 231. The electrical connector 100 includes a plurality of terminal modules 22, and the two terminals 23 in each terminal module 22 can be used to transmit paired differential signals or be set to ground or transmit power or other customized signal types, and the positions of the terminal modules 22 for grounding, transmitting power or transmitting differential signals can be arranged and set according to actual needs. The electrical connector 100 of the present invention has one or more terminal modules 22 for transmitting differential signals, and the terminal modules 22 for grounding, transmitting power or transmitting other signals can be set according to needs.

[0031] See also Figures 6 to 8For a pair of differential terminals in one terminal module 22, the two terminals 23 include a first terminal S1 and a second terminal S2 arranged in parallel along the first direction X. The extension portion 232 of the first terminal S1 has a plurality of convex portions 2321 located outside the insulating block 24, and the extension portion 232 of the second terminal S2 has a plurality of concave portions 2322 located outside the insulating block 24, and the convex portions 2321 of the first terminal S1 and the concave portions 2322 of the second terminal S2 face each other along the first direction X. In this embodiment, when the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2 are transmitting differential signals, the impedance at the contact portion 231 is reduced due to the thickness of the mating terminal being superimposed on the contact portion 231; the inner side of the first terminal S1 and the inner side of the second terminal S2 face each other for mutual coupling, and the convex portion 2321 and the concave portion 2322 allow the coupling surface between the two extension portions 232 to extend in a curved surface. Compared with the two coupling surfaces extending straightly, the present invention can increase the mutual coupling area of ​​the two extension portions 232, thereby increasing the capacitance effect of a pair of differential terminals at the extension portion 232 and reducing the impedance at the extension portion 232; in addition, since the dielectric constant at the insulating block 24 is greater than the dielectric constant of the air medium, the connection portion 233 is enclosed in the insulating block 24, which can increase the capacitance effect of the connection portion 233 and thereby reduce the impedance at the connection portion 233. Therefore, for the paired first terminal S1 and second terminal S2, the impedance at the contact portion 231, the extension portion 232 and the connection portion 233 can be relatively reduced, thereby improving the impedance consistency of the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2 on the transmission path, reducing signal reflection caused by inconsistent impedance, and reducing signal loss. At the same time, the far-end crosstalk is related to the size relationship between the two ratios of Cm / Cs and Lm / Ls (where Cm is mutual capacitance, Cs is self-capacitance, Lm is mutual inductance, and Ls is self-inductance), and the far-end crosstalk will gradually accumulate on the transmission path. Since the convex portion 2321 and the concave portion 2322 at the two extension portions 232 of this embodiment can make the Cm / Cs ratio at the extension portion 232 greater than the Lm / Ls ratio, the far-end crosstalk at the extension portion 232 is helped to present a positive potential. Therefore, after the far-end crosstalk at this location and the far-end crosstalk at other locations with negative potentials are superimposed on each other, the total far-end crosstalk received by the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2 on the overall transmission path can be reduced, thereby helping to suppress the far-end crosstalk.

[0032] See also Figure 8In this embodiment, the convex portion 2321 and the concave portion 2322 facing each other along the first direction X may both be trapezoidal in shape and complementary in shape. Compared with the square or rectangular convex portion 2321 or concave portion 2322, the trapezoidal convex portion 2321 and concave portion 2322 of the present embodiment can further increase the coupling area between the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2, further increase the capacitive effect of a pair of differential terminals at the extension portion 232, and more effectively reduce the impedance at the extension portion 232; in addition, the shapes of the convex portion 2321 and the concave portion 2322 are complementary, that is, the shapes and sizes are the same, so that the amount of material missing from the concave portion 2322 of the second terminal S2 is supplemented by the convex portion 2321 of the first terminal S1. Since the positive signal and the negative signal of a pair of differential signals are processed together in pairs, the field strength reduced by the concave portion 2322 will be compensated by the convex portion 2321, thereby reducing the impact of the convex portion 2321 and the concave portion 2322 on the overall processing of the paired differential signals. Of course, in other embodiments, other shapes of the convex portion 2321 or the concave portion 2322 may be selected, and the shapes and sizes of the convex portion 2321 and the concave portion 2322 may be set to be non-complementary. For example, the convex portion 2321 is set to a narrower rectangle, and the concave portion 2322 is set to a wider rectangle.

[0033] See also Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the extension portion 232 of the first terminal S1 also includes a plurality of recesses 2322, and the extension portion 232 of the second terminal S2 also includes a plurality of protrusions 2321, thereby, the extension portion 232 of the first terminal S1 and the extension portion 232 of the second terminal S2 both have a plurality of protrusions 2321 and a plurality of recesses 2322. The plurality of protrusions 2321 and the plurality of recesses 2322 of the same extension portion 232 are all located outside the insulating block 24 and are alternately arranged along the extension direction of the extension portion 232, each of the protrusions 2321 of the first terminal S1 faces a corresponding one of the recesses 2322 of the second terminal S2 along the first direction X, and each of the recesses 2322 of the first terminal S1 faces a corresponding one of the protrusions 2321 of the second terminal S2 along the first direction X. The extension lengths of the protrusions 2321 and the recesses 2322 adjacently arranged along the extension direction are different. Specifically, as Figure 8, the extension length of the convex portion 2321 and the extension length of the concave portion 2322 of the extension portion 232 of the first terminal S1 are L1 and L2 respectively, wherein L1≠L2. In the present embodiment, L1 is smaller than L2, and of course in other embodiments, L1 may be larger than L2, which is not limited here. Since the convex portion 2321 of the first terminal S1 and the concave portion 2322 of the second terminal S2 of the present embodiment are of the same and complementary shapes, and the concave portion 2322 of the first terminal S1 and the convex portion 2321 of the second terminal S2 are of the same and complementary shapes, it can be understood that the extension length of the concave portion 2322 and the extension length of the convex portion 2321 of the second terminal S2 are L1 and L2 respectively, wherein L1≠L2. The extension lengths L1 and L2 of the present invention are different. During the production process, more detection features can be provided for the optical detector to identify different positions of the terminal 23, so as to more accurately bend, stamp or mold the terminal 23 at the desired position, etc., to reduce the scrap rate of the terminal module 22 and save production costs. Moreover, there is no need to increase the recognition accuracy by adding additional structures. The recognition features can be increased directly by extending the lengths of the convex portion 2321 and the concave portion 2322 of the extension portion 232. Therefore, the extension portion 232 can improve the impedance consistency of the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2, suppress far-end crosstalk, and reduce the product scrap rate at the same time. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the extension portion 232 of the first terminal S1 and the extension portion 232 of the second terminal S2 are both provided with a plurality of the protrusions 2321 and a plurality of the recesses 2322. In other embodiments, the number of the recesses 2322 of the extension portion 232 of the first terminal S1 can be zero or any other number; the number of the protrusions 2321 of the extension portion 232 of the second terminal S2 can be zero or any other number, and is not limited here, as long as there is at least one protrusion 2321 and one recess 2322 facing each other.

[0034] See also Figure 6 and Figure 8In this embodiment, the contact portion 231 of the first terminal S1 and the contact portion 231 of the second terminal S2 are elastic contact portions, the extension portion 232 of the first terminal S1 is located in the elastic deformation area of ​​the first terminal S1, and the extension portion 232 of the second terminal S2 is located in the elastic deformation area of ​​the second terminal S2. It should be noted that in the process of the contact portion 231 being connected with the docking terminal of the docking element, as the docking terminal is gradually inserted into the slot 11, the docking terminal gradually pushes against the contact portion 231, and the contact portion 231 undergoes elastic deformation. Under the condition that the contact portion 231 is not fixed, the extension portion 232 also undergoes elastic deformation to a certain extent. In this application scenario, the docking element may be inserted into the slot 11 of the electrical connector 100 at a certain angle, and the force on the contact portion 231 is not only in the third direction Z, but also in the first direction X. The torsion force may drive the two extension portions 232 to approach each other. The convex portion 2321 of this embodiment extends toward the concave portion 2322 but does not extend into the concave portion 2322, so that there is a large safety distance between the facing convex portion 2321 and the concave portion 2322, thereby preventing the two extending portions 232 from contacting each other and causing the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2 to be electrically connected. Of course, in other embodiments, the contact portion 231 may not be an elastic contact portion.

[0035] See also Figure 7, for each of the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2, the width of the extension portion 232 is greater than the width of the contact portion 231. The distance between the contact portion 231 of the first terminal S1 and the contact portion 231 of the second terminal S2 in the first direction X is defined as a first distance D1, and the distance between the convex portion 2321 of the first terminal S1 and the concave portion 2322 of the second terminal S2 in the first direction X is defined as a second distance D2, and the first distance D1 is greater than the second distance D2. Compared with the width of the contact portion 231, the width of the extension portion 232 of this embodiment is increased, which can further reduce the impedance of the extension portion 232, and because D1>D2, relative to the coupling performance between the two contact portions 231, the capacitance effect between the two extension portions 232 will be more effectively increased, and the impedance of the extension portion 232 can be more effectively reduced, thereby effectively improving the impedance consistency of different positions of the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2, and reducing signal loss. Further, the distance between the connection portion 233 of the first terminal S1 and the connection portion 233 of the second terminal S2 in the first direction X is defined as a third distance D3, and the third distance D3 is greater than the second distance D2. By increasing the third distance D3, the impedance of the connection portion 233 can be pulled back, and it is avoided that the connection portion 233 is inside the insulating block 24 and the third distance D3 is small, resulting in too low impedance, which affects the impedance consistency of the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2; at the same time, the third distance D3 can be increased relative to the second distance D2, so that the material fluid of the insulating block 24 can smoothly enter between the two connection portions 233 during the molding process, so as to ensure that the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2 are spaced from each other and stably fixed by the insulating block 24.

[0036] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7In this embodiment, the contact portion 231 of the first terminal S1 and the contact portion 231 of the second terminal S2 are elastic contact portions, and the contact portion 231 includes a contact segment 2311 and a transition segment 2312 connected between the contact segment 2311 and the extension portion 232, and the contact segment 2311 is used to contact the docking portion of the docking terminal. The area of ​​the cross section formed by the contact segment 2311 and the docking portion at the contact position is defined as the first area, the area of ​​the cross section of the transition segment 2312 is defined as the second area, the area of ​​the minimum cross section of the extension portion 232 is defined as the third area, and the area of ​​the cross section of the connection portion 233 is defined as the fourth area. The second area is smaller than the first area and smaller than the third area, and the fourth area is smaller than the third area. The distance between the convex portion 2321 of the first terminal S1 and the concave portion 2322 of the second terminal S2 in the first direction X (i.e., the second distance D2) is smaller than the distance between the connecting portion 233 of the first terminal S1 and the connecting portion 233 of the second terminal S2 in the first direction X (i.e., the third distance D3). Due to the need to meet the elastic requirements of the contact portion 231 or the limitation of the molding process, it is difficult to set the convex portion 2321 or the concave portion 2322 at the transition section 2312 to reduce the impedance of the transition section 2312. At this time, the second area is smaller than the first area and smaller than the third area. The transition section 2312 will inevitably have a large impedance in this application scenario. The transition section 2312 has an inevitable impact on the overall performance of the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2. The impedance reduction of the extension portion 232 and the connecting portion 233 of the present invention can compensate for the inevitable performance impact at the transition section 2312, so that the transmission performance of the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2 in this application scenario can also meet the required requirements as a whole. Since the third distance D3 is greater than the second distance D2, the impedance of the connecting portion 233 can be prevented from being too low, and the material fluid of the insulating block 24 can be easily entered between the two connecting portions 233 during the molding process, so as to ensure that the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2 are spaced apart from each other and stably fixed by the insulating block 24. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the cross-sections of the above-mentioned various structures refer to the cross-sections presented by the various structures being cut by a plane perpendicular to the second direction Y. In the present embodiment, the material thicknesses of the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2 at different positions in their respective extension directions are consistent, so the area size relationship of the cross-sections at different positions basically depends on the width size relationship of each position along the first direction X. Of course, in other embodiments, the material thicknesses at different positions may also be different, as long as the area size relationship of each cross-section satisfies the above relationship.

[0037] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 Each of the grounding sheets 26 has a main body 261 and a plurality of grounding contacts 262 extending from the main body 261, and each of the grounding contacts 262 is used to connect with the docking element. For the connection assembly 2 containing the grounding sheet 26, the insulating fixed body 21 is injection molded on the grounding sheet 26 and the plurality of shielding shells 25, the grounding contacts 262 of the grounding sheet 26 extend out of the insulating fixed body 21, the grounding sheet 26 contacts a side wall 251 of each shielding shell 25, the grounding contacts 262 are located on one side of the contact portion 231 of the first terminal S1 along the first direction X, and the shielding shell 25 is surrounded to form a receiving space, and a pair of the differential terminals and the insulating block 24 are located in the receiving space. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the connecting component 2 may contain only one shielding shell 25, and the insulating fixed body 21 is injection molded on the grounding plate 26 and the shielding shell 25, and the grounding plate 26 is in contact with a side wall 251 of the shielding shell 25. The present invention can provide signal shielding for the contact portion 231 of the first terminal S1 in the first direction X through the grounding contact 262; in addition, compared with fixing the shielding shell 25 and the grounding plate 26 to the insulating fixed body 21 by assembly, which has relatively low stability, the present embodiment can stably fix the grounding plate 26 and the shielding shell 25 to the insulating fixed body 21 by injection molding, and only the terminal module 22 needs to be assembled into the receiving space, and there is no need to perform multiple assembly steps of injection molding the insulating fixed body 21, assembling the shielding shell 25 to the insulating fixed body 21, assembling the terminal module 22 to the receiving space of the shielding shell 25, and finally assembling and attaching the grounding plate 26 to the side wall 251 of the shielding shell 25, so the present embodiment simplifies the production steps. The grounding plate 26 of the present embodiment has four grounding contacts 262, which are correspondingly accommodated in the four side walls 12 of the two slots 11. In this embodiment, the side walls 251 of the multiple shielding shells 25 in one of the connecting components 2 are in contact with the main body 261 of the grounding plate 26 at the same time, so that the grounding plate 26 and the multiple shielding shells 25 are connected to form an integral grounding shielding structure, and the electric potential at each position is basically the same, thereby improving the shielding effect of the electrical connector 100.

[0038] See also Figure 3 and Figure 5The electrical connector 100 further includes two pairs of differential terminals adjacently arranged along the first direction X, the two shielding shells 25 are respectively arranged on the outside of the corresponding pair of differential terminals, and the grounding sheet 26 is located between the two pairs of differential terminals; the grounding sheet 26 contacts the side wall 251 of one of the shielding shells 25 along the first direction X, and the projections of the two pairs of differential terminals, the grounding sheet 26, and the side wall 251 in contact with the grounding sheet 26 along the first direction X overlap. Thus, the two pairs of differential terminals adjacently arranged are shielded and isolated by the two layers of materials of the grounding sheet 26 and the side wall 251, which increases the thickness of the shielding material between the two adjacent pairs of differential terminals, improves the shielding effect, and especially can shield interference signals with high wall penetration ability.

[0039] See also Figure 4The side wall 12 of the insulating housing 1 has the same terminal groove 121 for accommodating a pair of differential terminals, and a protrusion 122 extends from the bottom 1211 of the terminal groove 121 toward the extension portion 232 of the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2. A surface of the protrusion 122 facing the extension portion 232 is close to the extension portion 232 relative to the bottom 1211 of the terminal groove 121, and the guide portions 235 of the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2 both extend beyond the protrusion 122. Thus, the terminal slot 121 reserves a certain amount of space for the guide portion 235 outside the protrusion 122, so as to avoid the guide portion 235 hitting the protrusion 122 when the contact portion 231 is elastically deformed, thereby affecting the connection between the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2 and the corresponding docking terminal; at the same time, the protrusion 122 is close to the extension portion 232, so that the extension portion 232 is closer to the insulating material, and the equivalent dielectric constant of the material around the extension portion 232 is increased, further reducing the impedance of the extension portion 232, and improving the impedance consistency of the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2 on the transmission path. In addition, the protrusion 122 limits the movement range of the extension portion 232, so as to avoid the contact portion 231 causing the extension portion 232 to deform excessively and damage the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2 when the contact portion 231 is subjected to a large contact force. In this embodiment, the pair of differential terminals are received in the same terminal slot 121, and the partition rib for separating the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2 extends from the protrusion 122. In other embodiments, the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2 in the pair of differential terminals can be received in two terminal slots 121 respectively, and the partition rib between two adjacent terminal slots 121 extends from the slot bottom 1211 of the terminal slot 121, and each protrusion 122 extends from the slot bottom 1211 of the corresponding terminal slot 121 toward the extension portion 232.

[0040] It should be noted that, in the above embodiment of the present invention, the electrical connector 100 includes a plurality of the connection components 2, each of the connection components 2 includes four terminal modules 22, the plurality of terminals 23 of the plurality of connection components 2 are arranged in four rows, and the insulating housing 1 has two slots 11. However, in other embodiments, the electrical connector 100 may only have one or more terminal modules 22 directly accommodated in one housing, without the connection component 2, the insulating fixed body 21 and other structures. Or the plurality of terminals 23 of the electrical connector 100 are arranged to form one row, two rows or other rows, in which case the electrical connector 100 may not be provided with the slot 11 or may be provided with three or more slots 11. The present invention can be applied to other types of electrical connectors 100, as long as the impedance consistency and far-end crosstalk of the electrical connector 100 can be improved by the convex portion 2321 and the concave portion 2322 facing the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2.

[0041] In summary, the electrical connector 100 of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] 1. The convex portion 2321 and the concave portion 2322 facing each other in a pair of differential terminals allow the coupling surface between the two extension portions 232 to extend in a curved surface, thereby increasing the mutual coupling area of ​​the two extension portions 232, reducing the impedance at the extension portion 232, improving the impedance consistency of the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2 on the transmission path, reducing signal reflection caused by impedance inconsistency, and reducing signal loss; at the same time, it can also help suppress far-end crosstalk.

[0043] 2. The facing convex portion 2321 and the concave portion 2322 may both be trapezoidal and complementary in shape, which can more effectively reduce the impedance at the extension portion 232 and reduce the impact of the convex portion 2321 and the concave portion 2322 on the overall processing of the paired differential signals.

[0044] 3. The extension lengths L1 and L2 are different, which can provide the optical detector with more detection features to identify the different positions of the terminal 23, so as to more accurately bend, stamp or mold the terminal 23 at the required position, reduce the scrap rate of the terminal module 22, and save production costs.

[0045] 4. The convex portion 2321 extends toward the concave portion 2322 but does not extend into the concave portion 2322, so that there is a large safety distance between the facing convex portion 2321 and the concave portion 2322, thereby preventing the two extending portions 232 from contacting each other.

[0046] 5. By bringing the protruding portion 122 closer to the extending portion 232, the extending portion 232 is closer to the insulating material, thereby further reducing the impedance of the extending portion 232 and improving the impedance consistency of the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2 on the transmission path. In addition, by limiting the moving range of the extending portion 232 through the protruding portion 122, it is prevented that when the contact portion 231 is subjected to a large contact force, the contact portion 231 drives the extending portion 232 to be excessively deformed and damages the first terminal S1 and the second terminal S2.

[0047] The above detailed description is only an explanation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical changes made by using the description and illustrations of this creation are included in the patent scope of this creation.

Claims

1. An electrical connector, characterized in that: include: an insulating block; At least one pair of differential terminals, fixed to the insulating block, the pair of differential terminals comprising a first terminal and a second terminal arranged in parallel along a first direction, the first terminal and the second terminal both comprising a contact portion for contacting a docking terminal of a docking element, a connecting portion enclosed in the insulating block, an extending portion connecting the contact portion and the connecting portion, and a conducting portion extending from the connecting portion; wherein the extension portion of the first terminal has at least one convex portion located outside the insulating block, the extension portion of the second terminal has at least one concave portion located outside the insulating block, and the convex portion of the first terminal and the concave portion of the second terminal face each other along the first direction; For each of the first terminal and the second terminal, the width of the extension portion is greater than the width of the contact portion; A distance between the contact portion of the first terminal and the contact portion of the second terminal in the first direction is defined as a first distance, and a distance between the protrusion of the first terminal and the recess of the second terminal in the first direction is defined as a second distance, wherein the first distance is greater than the second distance.

2. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The contact portion of the first terminal and the contact portion of the second terminal are both elastic contact portions, the extension portion of the first terminal is located in the elastic deformation area of ​​the first terminal, the extension portion of the second terminal is located in the elastic deformation area of ​​the second terminal, and the convex portion extends toward the concave portion but does not extend into the concave portion.

3. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The facing convex part and the concave part are both in trapezoidal shape and complementary in shape.

4. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The extension portion of the first terminal and the extension portion of the second terminal both have a plurality of protrusions and a plurality of recesses. For each of the extension portions, the plurality of protrusions and the plurality of recesses are located outside the insulating block and are alternately arranged along the extension direction of the extension portion. Each of the protrusions of the first terminal faces a corresponding one of the recesses of the second terminal along the first direction, and each of the recesses of the first terminal faces a corresponding one of the protrusions of the second terminal along the first direction. The extension lengths of the protrusions and recesses adjacent to each other along the extension direction are different.

5. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The electrical connector also includes an insulating fixed body, a grounding plate and at least one shielding shell, the insulating fixed body is injection molded on the grounding plate and the shielding shell, the grounding plate has at least one grounding contact extending from the insulating fixed body and used to connect with the docking element, the grounding plate is in contact with a side wall of the shielding shell, the grounding contact is located on one side of the contact portion of the first terminal along the first direction, the shielding shell is surrounded by a receiving space, and a pair of the differential terminals and the insulating block are located in the receiving space.

6. The electrical connector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electrical connector further comprises two pairs of differential terminals adjacently arranged along the first direction, two shielding shells respectively arranged around the outsides of the two pairs of differential terminals, and the grounding sheet is located between the two pairs of differential terminals; The grounding plate contacts one of the side walls of the shielding shells along a first direction, and projections of the two pairs of differential terminals, the grounding plate, and the side wall contacting the grounding plate along the first direction overlap.

7. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: A distance between a connecting portion of the first terminal and a connecting portion of the second terminal in the first direction is defined as a third distance, and the third distance is greater than the second distance.

8. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The electrical connector further comprises an insulating housing, the insulating housing having a slot and a side wall located at one side of the slot, the side wall comprising at least one terminal slot for accommodating a pair of the differential terminals, a protrusion extending from the bottom of the terminal slot toward the extensions of the first terminal and the second terminal, a surface of the protrusion facing the extension being closer to the extension relative to the bottom of the terminal slot; The contact portion of the first terminal and the contact portion of the second terminal are both elastic contact portions, and the first terminal and the second terminal further include a guide portion formed by bending and extending from one end of the contact portion toward the bottom of the terminal groove, and the guide portion extends beyond the protrusion.

9. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The contact portion is an elastic contact portion, the contact portion includes a contact section and a transition section connected between the contact section and the extension portion, the contact section is used to contact the docking portion of the docking terminal, the area of ​​the cross section formed by the contact section and the docking portion at the contact position is defined as a first area, the area of ​​the cross section of the transition section is defined as a second area, the area of ​​the minimum cross section of the extension portion is defined as a third area, the area of ​​the cross section of the connecting portion is defined as a fourth area, the second area is smaller than the first area and smaller than the third area, and the fourth area is smaller than the third area; A distance between the convex portion of the first terminal and the concave portion of the second terminal in the first direction is smaller than a distance between a connecting portion of the first terminal and a connecting portion of the second terminal in the first direction.

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