Visual evoked potential examination instrument based on refractive error compensation and method of using the same

Abstract

The application discloses a visual evoked potential examination instrument based on refractive error compensation and a use method thereof, and relates to the technical field of visual evoked potential examination instruments, which comprises a human eye refractive error measurement system, a human eye refractive error compensation system and a visual evoked potential collection system. The human eye refractive error measurement system is used for objectively measuring human eye refractive error. The human eye refractive error compensation system is used for compensating the human eye refractive error. The visual evoked potential collection system is used for collecting visual evoked potential based on the compensation of the human eye refractive error. The visual evoked potential can be used for objective evaluation and examination of visual function and visual pathway disorders such as visual acuity and contrast sensitivity. In the application, a stimulation pattern is projected to the retina through an optical system. The human eye refractive error is objectively measured, and the human eye refractive error is accurately compensated by using optical focusing and a rotating cylindrical lens. In this case, the retina is stimulated by a flash or a pattern, the influence of the human eye refractive error on the projection of visual stimulation to the retinal fundus and the visual evoked potential is eliminated, and therefore, the accuracy, consistency and ease of use of the VEP examination are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical testing technology, and in particular to a visual evoked potential testing instrument based on refractive error compensation and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Visual evoked potential (VEP), also known as visual evoked response, is the electrical response of the occipital lobe visual cortex of the brain, recorded on the scalp surface after the retina is stimulated by flashes of light or patterns, transmitted through the visual pathway. It primarily reflects the conduction function from retinal ganglion cells to the primary visual cortex. Area 17 of the cerebral cortex mainly receives projections from nerve fibers within 100° of the central retina, and this projection area is closest to the scalp surface; therefore, most of the information in VEP comes from the macula. VEP reflects not only the function of the occipital visual cortex but also the function of the macula and the transmission pathway from macular ganglion cells to the primary visual cortex. VEP is an important objective evaluation method for visual nerve function (Pan Yingfu, Clinical Evoked Potentials, 2nd Edition, People's Medical Publishing House).

[0003] Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) are the sum of neuronal potential activity in the primary visual cortex evoked after the retina receives graphic stimulation. This weak potential activity is amplified and superimposed to obtain the characteristic VEP waveform, which is then used for the objective examination and evaluation of visual function and visual pathway disorders. From the mechanism of visual evoked potential generation, it can be seen that regardless of the type of visual evoked potential, the retina receiving visual stimulation is paramount. The visual stimulation on the retina must be projected through the eye's refractive system, and the quality of the eye's optical system directly affects the quality of the visual stimulation projected onto the retina. Besides the unavoidable diffraction caused by the pupil, the universally present refractive error in the human eye is one of the most important influencing factors in the transmission of visual stimulation to the retina. Current VEP examinations use corrective lenses to eliminate the influence of refractive error on VEP examination, but this has the following drawbacks:

[0004] First, corrective eyeglasses are generally based on refraction data from distance vision or specific distances, which often do not match the VEP (Vision Excision Point) testing distance (e.g., 0.5 meters, 1 meter). When the eye's accommodative function is good, this difference has little impact. However, for people whose accommodative function declines due to age or other reasons, this difference in testing distance can lead to significant refractive errors that cannot be compensated for by the eye's own accommodative function. A specialized refraction and prescription of eyeglasses must be performed for the VEP testing distance, making the VEP test time-consuming and laborious. Furthermore, there is currently no readily available refraction equipment in ophthalmology clinics for arbitrary distances.

[0005] Secondly, to reduce the cost of eyeglasses, the refractive correction power of corrective lenses is discrete, resulting in lower correction accuracy, especially in eyes with high refractive errors, making it difficult to accurately compensate for the refractive errors of the human eye. Residual refractive errors have little impact on low-spatial-frequency visual evoked excitation (VEP) tests. However, when abnormalities are observed in VEP tests using stimulus patterns at higher spatial frequencies, it cannot be determined that there is an abnormality in the visual pathway; it may be due to uncorrected refractive errors in the subject (Jie Laiqing, Electrophysiological Study on the Influence of Optically Induced Refractive Errors on Visual Signal Transmission and Cortical Response, Master's Thesis, Tianjin Medical University, 2009). Therefore, when using VEP for optic nerve function evaluation and objective visual acuity testing, to obtain accurate VEP results, it is essential to eliminate the influence of refractive errors on the projection of visual stimuli onto the retina.

[0006] Besides refractive errors (myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism), higher-order aberrations of the human eye also affect VEP examination. The applicant's earlier Chinese invention patent application, "Adaptive Optical Optical Nerve Function Objective Examination Instrument" (application number: CN 105167738B), proposed using a wavefront corrector to correct wavefront aberrations. However, this method is complex, costly, and has limited correction and stimulation fields. Furthermore, using a wavefront corrector to correct all refractive errors and higher-order aberrations would drastically increase the requirements for its correction capabilities, making its manufacture difficult or even impossible. The Chinese invention patent "Visual Perception Learning Training Instrument and Visual Perception Learning Training System" (application number: CN 112754419 A) proposes a visual perception learning training instrument with refractive measurement and correction. It uses an overall movement method to compensate for eye defocus, but has many moving parts, and the total optical path length changes during focusing. The overall size of the device is large, and its sealing is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a visual evoked potential (VEP) testing instrument based on refractive error compensation and its usage method. By objectively measuring the refractive error of the human eye, optical focusing and rotating cylindrical mirrors are used to accurately compensate for the refractive error of the human eye. Under these conditions, flash or pattern stimulation is applied to the retina to eliminate the influence of the refractive error of the human eye on the projection of the stimulation pattern onto the fundus retina and thus on the visual evoked potential, thereby improving the accuracy and ease of use of VEP testing.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A visual evoked potential testing instrument based on refractive error compensation includes a human eye refractive error measurement system, a human eye refractive error compensation system, and a visual evoked potential acquisition system. The human eye refractive error measurement system is used to objectively measure the refractive error of the human eye; the human eye refractive error compensation system is used to compensate for the refractive error of the human eye; and the visual evoked potential acquisition system is used to acquire visual evoked potentials based on the compensation of the refractive error of the human eye.

[0010] Preferably, the human eye refractive error measurement system includes an infrared beacon light source, a collimating objective lens, a reflecting mirror, a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter, a pair of cylindrical mirrors, a focusing lens, an observation eyepiece, a relay telescope, and a wavefront sensor, wherein...

[0011] The light emitted by the near-infrared beacon light source is collimated by the collimating objective lens, reflected by the reflecting mirror, the first beam splitter, and the second beam splitter, and enters the human eye through the cylindrical mirror pair, the focusing lens, and the observation eyepiece.

[0012] Light reflected from the fundus of the human eye passes through the observation eyepiece, focusing lens, and cylindrical mirror pair, and is reflected by the second beam splitter and the first beam splitter before entering the wavefront sensor through the relay telescope.

[0013] The collimating objective lens can move along the optical axis.

[0014] Preferably, the cylindrical mirror pair and the wavefront sensor are conjugate with the human eye pupil;

[0015] The wavefront sensor includes, but is not limited to, any one of the following: a Hartmann wavefront sensor based on a microlens array, a Hartmann wavefront sensor based on a microprism array, a curvature wavefront sensor, and a pyramidal wavefront sensor.

[0016] Preferably, the human eye refractive error compensation system includes a focusing lens, a pair of cylindrical lenses, a rotating device, and a moving device, wherein...

[0017] The moving device drives the focusing lens to move along the optical axis to correct the human eye's defocus;

[0018] The rotating device drives the single cylindrical mirror in the cylindrical mirror pair to rotate around the optical axis, which is used to correct human astigmatism.

[0019] Preferably, the visual evoked potential acquisition subsystem includes an observation eyepiece, a focusing lens, a pair of cylindrical lenses, an imaging objective lens, a stimulus pattern display device, a video processing circuit, and a visual evoked potential acquisition circuit, wherein...

[0020] The visual stimulus graphic is displayed on the device via the video processing circuit.

[0021] The subject observes the stimulus pattern displayed on the stimulus pattern display device through the eyepiece, focusing lens, cylindrical lens pair, and imaging objective lens, and records the evoked potentials through the visual evoked potential acquisition circuit.

[0022] Preferably, the video processing circuit is also used to output a synchronous trigger signal while the visual stimulus is displayed, so as to synchronize the acquisition of the visual evoked potential signal with the presentation of the visual stimulus graphic.

[0023] The visual evoked potentials include, but are not limited to, any one of flash or graphic visual evoked potentials;

[0024] The stimulus graphic display device includes, but is not limited to, any one of a CRT monitor, a commercial projector, a liquid crystal display, a plasma display, an electroluminescent display, and an organic light-emitting display.

[0025] Preferably, the eyepiece, focusing lens, and cylindrical lens pair are located in the common optical path of the human eye refractive error measurement system, the human eye refractive error compensation system, and the visual evoked potential acquisition system;

[0026] A method for using a visual evoked potential testing instrument based on refractive error compensation, the method comprising:

[0027] Objectively measure the refractive error of the human eye using a human eye refractive error measurement system;

[0028] The human eye refractive error compensation system compensates for the refractive error of the human eye.

[0029] Based on the compensation for the refractive error of the human eye, the visual evoked potential acquisition system acquires visual evoked potentials.

[0030] Preferably, the objective measurement of human eye refractive error using a human eye refractive error measurement system includes the following steps:

[0031] The light emitted by the near-infrared beacon light source is collimated by the collimating objective lens, reflected by the reflecting mirror, the first beam splitter, and the second beam splitter, and then enters the human eye through the cylindrical mirror pair, the focusing lens, and the observation eyepiece.

[0032] Light reflected from the fundus of the human eye passes through the observation eyepiece, focusing lens, and cylindrical mirror pair, and is reflected by the second beam splitter and the first beam splitter before entering the wavefront sensor through the relay telescope.

[0033] Based on the light spot image obtained by the wavefront sensor, the target function value is calculated. When the target function value reaches a predetermined threshold, the refractive error of the human eye is measured.

[0034] Preferably, the step of calculating the objective function value based on the spot image obtained by the wavefront sensor includes calling an optimization algorithm to control the collimating objective lens to move along the optical axis based on the spot image obtained by the wavefront sensor, and obtaining the objective function value; the objective function includes one or more of the image sharpness function, the average radius of the far-field image, and the peak Strell ratio of the far-field image.

[0035] Preferably, the human eye refractive error compensation system compensates for the human eye refractive error by including: calculating the movement and rotation of the human eye refractive error compensation system based on the measured human eye refractive error; according to the movement, driving the focusing lens to move back and forth along the optical axis to correct the human eye defocusing; and according to the rotation, driving the single cylindrical mirror in the cylindrical mirror pair to rotate around the optical axis to correct the human eye astigmatism.

[0036] Preferably, the formula for calculating the rotation amount is:

[0037] C'=C / (1+d*C), C'=2Fc cos(a1-a2), φ=(a1+a2) / 2

[0038] Where C is the magnitude of human eye astigmatism measured by the human eye refractive error measurement system, d is the amount of movement of the conjugate position of the cylindrical lens in front of the eye relative to the human eye pupil after defocus correction, C' is the magnitude of human eye astigmatism after focusing correction, φ is the human eye astigmatism axis measured by the human eye refractive error measurement system, Fc is the magnitude of astigmatism of a single cylindrical lens in the cylindrical lens alignment, and a1 and a2 are the astigmatism axes of the two cylindrical lenses in the cylindrical lens alignment.

[0039] Preferably, the visual evoked potential acquisition system, based on the compensation for the refractive error of the human eye, acquires visual evoked potentials, including:

[0040] After the refractive error compensation of the human eye is completed, a visual stimulus pattern is generated based on the change in imaging magnification caused by the movement of the focusing lens.

[0041] The visual stimulus graphic is processed by the video processing circuit and displayed on the device.

[0042] The human eye observes the stimulus pattern displayed on the stimulus pattern display device by the eyepiece, focusing lens, cylindrical mirror pair, second beam splitter, and imaging objective lens, and records the evoked potentials by the visual evoked potential acquisition circuit.

[0043] Preferably, the step of generating a visual stimulus pattern based on the change in imaging magnification caused by the movement of the focusing lens includes,

[0044] During the human eye refractive error compensation process, the change in imaging magnification caused by the focusing lens moving along the optical axis is corrected;

[0045] The spatial frequency of the visual stimulus graphic remains unchanged during the focusing process.

[0046] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0047] Compared to existing VEP (Visual Evoked Potential) examination techniques, this invention projects the stimulus pattern onto the retina via an optical system. The optical system measures the refractive error of the human eye in real time, and optical focusing and rotating cylindrical lenses are used to precisely correct this error. This allows for accurate compensation of different refractive errors in the human eye within a single system. By applying pattern stimulation to the retina under these conditions, the influence of refractive error on the projection of visual stimuli onto the retina and subsequently on visual evoked potentials is eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy, consistency, and ease of use of VEP examination.

[0048] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a block diagram illustrating the structural principle of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of human eye refractive error on visual evoked potentials of graphics.

[0051] In the diagram: 1. Human eye; 2. Eyepiece; 3. Focusing lens; 4. Rotating cylindrical mirror pair; 5. Second beam splitter; 6. Imaging objective lens; 7. Visual stimulation display device; 8. First beam splitter; 9. Relay telescope; 10. Wavefront sensor; 11. Reflector; 12. Collimating objective lens; 13. Beacon light source; 14. Visual evoked potential acquisition circuit; 15. Video processing circuit; 16. Computer. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention discloses a visual evoked potential testing instrument based on refractive error compensation, combined with... Figure 1It is understood that the visual evoked potential (VEP) testing instrument based on refractive error compensation comprises an observation eyepiece 2, a focusing lens 3, a rotating cylindrical mirror pair 4, a second beam splitter 5, an imaging objective lens 6, a visual stimulus display device 7, a first beam splitter 8, a relay telescope 9, a wavefront sensor 10, a reflecting mirror 11, a collimating objective lens 12, a beacon light source 13, a VEP acquisition circuit 14, a video processing circuit 15, and a computer 16. It includes a human eye refractive error measurement system, a human eye refractive error compensation system, and a visual evoked potential (VEP) acquisition system. The human eye refractive error measurement system is used to objectively measure the refractive error of the human eye, including infrared signals... The system includes a near-infrared beacon light source 13, a collimating objective lens 12, a reflecting mirror 11, a first beam splitter 8, a second beam splitter 5, a pair of cylindrical mirrors 4, a focusing lens 3, an observation eyepiece 2, a relay telescope 9, and a wavefront sensor 10. The light emitted from the near-infrared beacon light source 13 is collimated by the collimating objective lens 12, reflected by the reflecting mirror 11, the first beam splitter 8, and the second beam splitter 5, and then passes through the cylindrical mirror pair 4, the focusing lens 3, and the observation eyepiece 2 before entering the human eye 1. The light reflected from the fundus of the human eye 1 passes through the observation eyepiece 2, the focusing lens 3, and the cylindrical mirror pair 4, and is reflected by the second beam splitter 5 and the first beam splitter 8 before passing through the relay telescope 9 and entering the wavefront sensor 10.

[0054] Furthermore, the cylindrical mirror pair 4 and the wavefront sensor 10 are conjugate with the pupil of the human eye 1; the wavefront sensor 10 includes, but is not limited to, any one of the following: a Hartmann wavefront sensor based on a microlens array, a Hartmann wavefront sensor based on a microprism array, a curvature wavefront sensor, and a pyramidal wavefront sensor; the collimating objective lens 12 can move back and forth along the optical axis.

[0055] The human eye refractive error compensation system is used to compensate for the refractive error of the human eye. It includes a focusing lens 3, a pair of cylindrical lenses 4, a rotating device, and a moving device. The moving device drives the focusing lens 3 to move along the optical axis to correct the human eye's defocus. The rotating device drives the single cylindrical lens in the pair of cylindrical lenses 4 to rotate around the optical axis to correct the human eye's astigmatism.

[0056] The visual evoked potential acquisition system is used to acquire visual evoked potentials based on visual stimulus patterns. It includes an eyepiece 2, a focusing lens 3, a pair of cylindrical lenses 4, an imaging objective lens 6, a stimulus pattern display device 7, a video processing circuit 15, and a visual evoked potential acquisition circuit 14. The visual stimulus pattern is displayed on the device 7 by the video processing circuit 15. The subject observes the stimulus pattern displayed on the stimulus pattern display device 7 through the eyepiece 2, focusing lens 3, cylindrical lens pair 4, and imaging objective lens 6, and records the evoked potentials through the visual evoked potential acquisition circuit 14.

[0057] Furthermore, the video processing circuit 15 is also used to output a synchronous trigger signal while the visual stimulus is displayed, so as to synchronize the acquisition of the visual evoked potential signal with the presentation of the visual stimulus graphic; the visual evoked potential 14 includes, but is not limited to, any one of flash or graphic visual evoked potential; the stimulus graphic display device 7 includes, but is not limited to, any one of CRT monitor, commercial projector, liquid crystal display, plasma display, electroluminescent display, and organic light-emitting display.

[0058] Furthermore, the eyepiece 2, the focusing lens 3, and the cylindrical mirror pair 4 are located in the shared optical path of the human eye refractive error measurement system, the human eye refractive error compensation system, and the visual evoked potential acquisition system.

[0059] The present invention also provides a method for using a visual evoked potential testing instrument based on refractive error compensation, comprising three stages: objectively measuring the refractive error of the human eye using a human eye refractive error measurement system; compensating the refractive error of the human eye using a human eye refractive error compensation system; and acquiring visual evoked potentials using a visual evoked potential acquisition system based on the compensation of the refractive error of the human eye.

[0060] In the objective measurement stage of human eye refractive error measurement system, the light emitted by the near-infrared beacon light source 13 is collimated by the collimating objective lens 12, reflected by the reflecting mirror 11, the first beam splitter 8, and the second beam splitter 5, and enters the human eye 1 through the cylindrical mirror pair 4, the focusing lens 3, and the observation eyepiece 2. The light reflected from the fundus of the human eye 1 exits through the pupil, passes through the observation eyepiece 2, the focusing lens 3, and the cylindrical mirror pair 4, and is reflected by the second beam splitter 5 and the first beam splitter 8, passing through the relay telescope 9 and entering the wavefront sensor 10. The objective function value is calculated based on the light spot image obtained by the wavefront sensor, and the optimization algorithm is called to control the collimating objective lens to move back and forth along the optical axis. This is an iterative process. When the objective function value reaches a predetermined threshold, the human eye refractive error is measured. In the human eye refractive error measurement stage, the focusing lens is in the initial position, and the wavefront sensor and the cylindrical mirror pair are at the conjugate position of the human eye pupil.

[0061] Furthermore, the optimization algorithm is exemplified by genetic algorithms, simulated annealing algorithms, and other optimization algorithms.

[0062] Furthermore, the objective function includes one or more of the following: image sharpness function, average radius of far-field image, and peak Strell ratio of far-field image.

[0063] In the refractive error compensation stage of the human eye system, based on the measured refractive error, software calculates the movement and rotation of the human eye refractive error compensation subsystem; based on the movement, the system uses a moving device (…). Figure 1 (Not shown) drives the focusing lens 3 to move back and forth along the optical axis to correct the human eye's defocus; according to the rotation amount, the rotating device ( Figure 1 (Not shown) Drive the single cylindrical mirror in the cylindrical mirror pair 4 to rotate around the optical axis to correct human astigmatism.

[0064] The formula for calculating the rotation amount is:

[0065] C'=C / (1+d*C), C'=2Fc cos(a1-a2), φ=(a1+a2) / 2

[0066] Where C is the magnitude of human eye astigmatism measured by the human eye refractive error measurement system, d is the amount of movement of the conjugate position of the cylindrical lens pair 4 relative to the human eye pupil after defocus correction, C' is the magnitude of human eye astigmatism after focus correction, φ is the human eye astigmatism axis measured by the human eye refractive error measurement system, Fc is the magnitude of astigmatism of a single cylindrical lens in the cylindrical lens pair 4, and a1 and a2 are the astigmatism axes of two cylindrical lenses in the cylindrical lens pair 4.

[0067] The wavefront sensor measures the refractive error at the pupil by observing the eyepiece, focusing lens, and relay telescope in relation to the human eye's pupil. When the focusing lens 3 moves back and forth along the optical axis to compensate for the eye's defocus, it changes the conjugate relationship between the cylindrical mirror pair and the pupil. Therefore, the astigmatism magnitude measured by the wavefront sensor 10 needs to be corrected when performing astigmatism correction.

[0068] After the refractive error compensation of the human eye is completed, the visual evoked potential (VEP) acquisition system is used to acquire VEPs. The VEP testing software installed on the computer 16 generates flashes or graphic visual stimuli with different spatial frequencies and contrasts based on the changes in imaging magnification caused by the movement of the focusing lens. These stimuli are processed by the video processing circuit 15 and displayed on the visual stimulus display device 7. The human eye 1 observes the stimulus pattern displayed on the visual stimulus display device 7 through the eyepiece 2, focusing lens 3, rotating cylindrical mirror pair 4, second beam splitter 5, and imaging objective lens 6. The visual evoked potentials are recorded on the scalp surface by the visual evoked potential acquisition circuit 14 and recorded and processed by the computer 16. By comparing and analyzing the recorded visual evoked potentials, an objective examination and evaluation of optic nerve function is achieved.

[0069] When the focusing lens 3 moves back and forth along the optical axis to compensate for the defocusing of the human eye, it causes a slight change in the magnification of the optical system, which in turn causes a change in the spatial frequency of the visual stimulus pattern. To eliminate this effect, the change in magnification during the focusing process can be calibrated, and the spatial frequency of the visual stimulus pattern can be corrected in the software to ensure that the spatial frequency of the visual stimulus pattern remains constant during the focusing process, thereby ensuring the consistency and comparability of VEP detection results.

[0070] The video processing circuit 15 outputs a synchronous trigger signal while the visual stimulus is displayed, so that the acquisition of the visual evoked potential signal is synchronized with the presentation of the visual stimulus graphic.

[0071] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the influence of human eye refractive error on VEP (Vibration Emission Point) signals in graphics. Jie Laiqing of Tianjin Medical University indirectly verified this influence by superimposing spherical and astigmatic lenses. Figure 2 It is known that the VEP signal is shifted before the refractive error of the human eye is corrected, and the shift of the VEP signal is significantly improved after the refractive error of the human eye is corrected. The optical focusing and rotating cylindrical lens of this invention can accurately compensate for the refractive errors of the human eye (myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism), eliminate the influence of the refractive error of the human eye on the projection of visual stimuli onto the retina and thus on the visual evoked potential signal, thereby improving the accuracy and consistency of VEP examination.

[0072] According to embodiments of the present invention, optical focusing and rotating cylindrical lenses are used to compensate for refractive errors in the human eye, replacing traditional optometry and spectacle-fitting refractive correction methods. This allows for precise compensation of different refractive errors (myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism) within a single system. In this scenario, applying flash or patterned visual stimulation to the retina can eliminate the influence of refractive errors on the projection of visual stimuli onto the retina and consequently on visual evoked potential signals, thereby improving the accuracy and consistency of VEP examinations.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A visual evoked potential testing instrument based on refractive error compensation, characterized in that, This includes a human eye refractive error measurement system, a human eye refractive error compensation system, and a visual evoked potential acquisition system, among which... The human eye refractive error measurement system is used to objectively measure the refractive error of the human eye; the human eye refractive error measurement system includes an infrared beacon light source (13), a collimating objective lens (12), a reflecting mirror (11), a first beam splitter (8), a second beam splitter (5), a pair of cylindrical mirrors (4), a focusing lens (3), an observation eyepiece (2), a relay telescope (9), and a wavefront sensor (10), wherein, The light emitted by the infrared beacon light source (13) is collimated by the collimating objective lens (12), reflected by the reflecting mirror (11), the first beam splitter (8), and the second beam splitter (5), and enters the human eye (1) through the cylindrical mirror pair (4), the focusing lens (3), and the observation eyepiece (2); The light reflected from the fundus of the human eye (1) passes through the observation eyepiece (2), focusing lens (3), cylindrical mirror pair (4), and is reflected by the second beam splitter (5) and the first beam splitter (8) through the relay telescope (9) and enters the wavefront sensor (10). The collimating objective (12) can move along the optical axis; The human eye refractive error compensation system is used to compensate for the human eye refractive error. The human eye refractive error compensation system includes a focusing lens (3), a pair of cylindrical lenses (4), a rotating device, and a moving device. The moving device drives the focusing lens (3) to move along the optical axis to correct the human eye defocus. The rotating device drives the single cylindrical lens in the pair of cylindrical lenses (4) to rotate around the optical axis to correct the human eye astigmatism (1). The moving device drives the focusing lens (3) to move back and forth along the optical axis to correct the human eye defocus according to the amount of movement. When the focusing lens (3) moves back and forth along the optical axis to compensate for the human eye defocus, it will change the conjugate relationship between the pair of cylindrical lenses and the human eye pupil. When performing astigmatism correction, the astigmatism magnitude measured by the wavefront sensor (10) will be corrected. The visual evoked potential acquisition system is used to acquire visual evoked potentials based on compensating for the refractive error of the human eye; the cylindrical lens pair (4), the wavefront sensor (10), and the pupil of the human eye (1) are conjugate; The wavefront sensor (10) is conjugate with the pupil of the human eye (1) through the observation eyepiece (2), the focusing lens (3) and the relay telescope (9).

2. The visual evoked potential testing instrument based on refractive error compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wavefront sensor (10) includes, but is not limited to, any one of the following: a Hartmann wavefront sensor based on a microlens array, a Hartmann wavefront sensor based on a microprism array, a curvature wavefront sensor, and a pyramidal wavefront sensor.

3. The visual evoked potential testing instrument based on refractive error compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The visual evoked potential acquisition subsystem includes an observation eyepiece (2), a focusing lens (3), a pair of cylindrical lenses (4), an imaging objective lens (6), a stimulus pattern display device (7), a video processing circuit (15), and a visual evoked potential acquisition circuit (14), wherein, The visual stimulus graphic is displayed on the device (7) via the video processing circuit (15); The subject observes the stimulus pattern displayed on the stimulus pattern display device (7) through the eyepiece (2), focusing lens (3), cylindrical lens pair (4), and imaging objective lens (6), and records the evoked potentials through the visual evoked potential acquisition circuit (14).

4. The visual evoked potential testing instrument based on refractive error compensation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The video processing circuit (15) is also used to output a synchronous trigger signal while the visual stimulus is displayed, so as to synchronize the acquisition of the visual evoked potential signal with the presentation of the visual stimulus graphic. The visual evoked potentials (14) include, but are not limited to, any one of flash or graphic visual evoked potentials; The stimulus graphic display device (7) includes, but is not limited to, any one of a CRT display, a commercial projector, a liquid crystal display, a plasma display, an electroluminescent display, and an organic light-emitting display.

5. The visual evoked potential testing instrument based on refractive error compensation according to any one of claims 1 or 3, characterized in that, The eyepiece (2), focusing lens (3) and cylindrical mirror pair (4) are located in the shared optical path of the human eye refractive error measurement system, the human eye refractive error compensation system and the visual evoked potential acquisition system.

6. A method for using a visual evoked potential testing instrument based on refractive error compensation, characterized in that, The method includes: Objectively measuring the refractive error of the human eye using a human eye refractive error measurement system includes the following steps. The light emitted by the near-infrared beacon light source (13) is collimated by the collimating objective lens (12), reflected by the reflecting mirror (11), the first beam splitter (8), the second beam splitter (5), and enters the human eye (1) through the cylindrical mirror pair (4), the focusing lens (3), and the observation eyepiece (2); The light reflected from the fundus of the human eye (1) passes through the observation eyepiece (2), focusing lens (3), cylindrical mirror pair (4), and is reflected by the second beam splitter (5) and the first beam splitter (8), and enters the wavefront sensor (10) through the relay telescope (9). Based on the light spot image obtained by the wavefront sensor (10), the optimization algorithm is called to control the collimating objective lens (12) to move along the optical axis and obtain the target function value; when the target function value reaches the predetermined threshold, the refractive error of the human eye is measured. During the human eye refractive error measurement stage, the focusing lens is in the initial position, and the wavefront sensor and cylindrical lens pair are in the conjugate position of the human eye pupil. The human eye refractive error compensation system compensates for the refractive error of the human eye, including, Based on the measured refractive error of the human eye, the movement and rotation of the human eye refractive error compensation system are calculated; the formula for calculating the rotation is: C'=C / (1+d*C),C=2Fc cos(a1 a2),φ=(a1+a2) / 2 Wherein, C is the size of human eye astigmatism measured by the human eye refractive error measurement system, d is the amount of movement of the conjugate position in front of the cylindrical lens pair (4) relative to the human eye pupil after defocus correction, C' is the size of human eye astigmatism after focus correction, φ is the human eye astigmatism axis measured by the human eye refractive error measurement system, Fc is the size of astigmatism of a single cylindrical lens in the cylindrical lens pair (4), and a1 and a2 are the astigmatism axes of the two cylindrical lenses in the cylindrical lens pair (4); According to the amount of movement, the moving device drives the focusing lens (3) to move back and forth along the optical axis to correct the defocus of the human eye; when the focusing lens (3) moves back and forth along the optical axis to compensate for the defocus of the human eye, it will change the conjugate relationship between the cylindrical mirror pair and the pupil of the human eye, and correct the astigmatism magnitude measured by the wavefront sensor (10) when performing astigmatism correction. According to the rotation amount, the rotating device drives the single cylindrical mirror in the cylindrical mirror pair (4) to rotate around the optical axis to correct the astigmatism of the human eye; based on the compensation of the refractive error of the human eye, the visual evoked potential acquisition system acquires visual evoked potentials.

7. The method of using the visual evoked potential testing instrument based on refractive error compensation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The objective function includes one or more of the following: image sharpness function, average radius of far-field image, and peak Strell ratio of far-field image.

8. The method of using the visual evoked potential testing instrument based on refractive error compensation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The visual evoked potential acquisition system, based on the compensation for the refractive error of the human eye, acquires visual evoked potentials, including... After the refractive error compensation of the human eye is completed, a visual stimulus pattern is generated based on the change in imaging magnification caused by the movement of the focusing lens (3); The visual stimulus graphic is processed by the video processing circuit (15) and displayed on the device (7); The human eye (1) observes the stimulus pattern displayed on the stimulus pattern display device (7) by the eyepiece (2), focusing lens (3), cylindrical mirror pair (4), second beam splitter, and imaging objective lens (6), and records the evoked potentials by the visual evoked potential acquisition circuit (14).

9. The method of using the visual evoked potential testing instrument based on refractive error compensation according to claim 8, characterized in that, The generation of visual stimulus graphics based on the change in imaging magnification caused by the movement of the focusing lens (3) includes, During the refractive error compensation process of the human eye, the change in imaging magnification caused by the focusing lens (3) moving along the optical axis is corrected; The spatial frequency of the visual stimulus graphic remains unchanged during the focusing process.

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