Vehicle fixture for inclined plate shaft parts and processing method for inclined plate shaft parts

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of mechanical processing. It solves the difficult problem of processing errors caused by changes in the intersection of intersecting axes and reference conversion when processing inclined disk shaft parts on ordinary lathes, and also greatly reduces the clamping and alignment time during processing. The present invention designs a spring-tensioning vehicle clamp, which uses the E surface and the inner hole ΦD1H7 as positioning references; to ensure the flatness of the measuring reference surface, the C plane is milled on the φd5 outer circle of the vehicle clamp, and the C plane is positioned and ground with the end face of the clamp on a grinder to form the measuring reference surface C. In this way, during the manufacturing process of the clamp, it is easy to ensure the flatness of the measuring reference surface and the precise position of the intersection of the two axes of the angle θ formed by it and the clamp; to improve the rigidity of the vehicle clamp body, the clamping part φd3 of the clamp body is changed to solid. Using the vehicle clamp to process inclined disk shaft parts is a convenient, economical, safe, efficient and reliable processing method, which is particularly suitable for batch processing of such parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mechanical processing, solves the technical problem of processing errors caused by the change of intersection points of intersecting axes and datum conversion when processing inclined plate shaft parts on ordinary lathes, and also greatly reduces the clamping and alignment time during processing. Background Art

[0002] At present, the external structure of inclined plate shaft parts is mostly processed on ordinary lathes through positioning and clamping with lathe fixtures.

[0003] However, the outer structure of the swash plate shaft is quite special (such as the attached Figure 1 ), that is, the center lines of the inner hole and outer circle to be processed at both ends do not coincide, forming an angle of θ. According to the process requirements of the swash plate shaft, when processing the outer circle that forms an angle of θ with the horizontal direction, the following is designed Figure 2 The vehicle fixture shown in the figure is positioned by the inner hole and end face E of the vehicle fixture φD2G7 to ensure that the center line of the outer circle to be processed is in the horizontal direction, and the turning processing of the outer structure of the swash plate shaft is completed. However, after many practices, it was found that the vehicle fixture designed in the process has the following disadvantages, which have a great impact on the processing quality and processing efficiency:

[0004] 1. When machining an outer circle that forms an angle θ with the horizontal direction, the positioning hole φD2G7 of the original vehicle fixture and the positioning outer circle φd2js6 of the machined workpiece are matched with clearance. Due to the existence of the matching clearance, the position of the intersection between the machining angle of the swash plate shaft and the axis of the fixture varies greatly, which directly affects the product performance;

[0005] 2. When turning an outer circle with an angle of θ in the horizontal direction, the Φd2js6 outer circle of the workpiece is used as the positioning reference, but when turning a concentric outer circle in the horizontal direction, the ΦD1H7 inner hole of the workpiece is used as the positioning reference. Therefore, the turning reference is not uniform during the entire workpiece processing process, and the turning of the workpiece is completed through reference conversion, which will produce accumulated errors and affect the processing accuracy of the workpiece;

[0006] 3. The wall thickness of the left clamping part of the original car clamp is relatively thin, and when the four claws clamp the φd3 outer circle, it is easy to cause the clamp to deform;

[0007] 4. Since the C surface of the original vehicle fixture is a large reference surface during manufacturing, the grinding process cannot guarantee the flatness of the surface. In order to use it as a measurement reference, a fixed measuring point method must be used when processing the workpiece, and multiple measurements must be performed to meet the process requirements;

[0008] 5. The product qualification rate of workpieces processed using the original automotive fixtures is less than 70%.

[0009] In order to adapt to mass production, improve product processing efficiency and reduce processing costs, it is urgent to find a processing solution that is easy to operate, economical, safe, efficient and reliable.

[0010] Swash plate shaft workpiece, outer end surface (i.e. Figure 1 The left end face is perpendicular to the axis of the inclined hole, and the front end face forms a certain angle (90-θ) with the axis of the inclined hole; in the middle of the inner hole of the workpiece, the transition part from front to back is an expanded step-like structure, and a keyway is opened on the outer wall of the rear section of the workpiece. Summary of the invention

[0011] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems that the current shape processing of swash plate shaft parts has large processing errors and the processing efficiency is affected by multiple measurements during the processing. A swash plate shaft part vehicle clamp and a swash plate shaft part processing method are provided.

[0012] The vehicle fixture for the swash plate shaft parts of the present invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

[0013] A vehicle clamp for swash plate shaft parts, comprising a clamp body and a positioning pin; also comprising a tension spring body, a tension sleeve, a first bolt, a second bolt and a limit pin; the clamp body is provided with an inclined hole that passes through the front and rear of the clamp body and is used to clamp the swash plate shaft, the angle formed by the axis of the inclined hole and the axis of the clamp body is the same as the angle formed by the inner hole and the outer circle center line of the swash plate shaft, the front end face of the clamp body is processed into a positioning end face E that is perpendicular to the axis of the inclined hole to position the outer circle end face of the swash plate shaft; the outer diameters of the clamp body from back to front are φd3, φd4, and φd5 respectively, and φd4>φd3>φd5; a pin hole that is connected to the inclined hole and is used to install the positioning pin is provided on the outer wall of the φd5 section; the transition position of the middle and last section of the tension spring body is a stepped structure that matches the stepped structure of the inner hole of the swash plate shaft, and the centers of the front and rear ends of the tension spring body are both provided with screw holes A limit platform is provided at the part near the end of the inclined hole, and the limit of the spring body can be achieved by connecting the second bolt with the screw hole at the rear end of the spring body; one end of the expansion sleeve is a closed wedge-shaped structure, and the other end is a structure with a limit groove matching the front end of the spring body; the expansion sleeve is inserted into the front end outer side of the spring body through the wedge-shaped structure, and the first bolt can be screwed into the front end screw hole of the spring body through the expansion sleeve. A long strip limit hole connecting the inside and outside of the expansion sleeve is opened on the outer wall of the expansion sleeve, and a hole is opened on the outer wall of the spring body corresponding to the pin hole, and the limit pin is stuck in the pin hole and the limit hole; a C plane is milled on the outer circle of the φd5 section of the clamp body, and the C plane is positioned and ground with the end face of the fixture on the grinder to form a reference plane C for measurement; the front end face of the outer circle of the φd4 section is used as the B surface for alignment; the φd3 section is a solid structure as the clamping part.

[0014] Technical features of the present invention: 1. In order to reduce the gap between the positioning reference and the fixture, ensure the uniformity of the positioning reference during the processing, and achieve zero displacement of the positioning reference, when processing the outer circle at an angle θ to the horizontal direction, the following is designed: Figure 3 The spring-tensioning vehicle clamp shown uses the E surface and the inner hole ΦD1H7 as the positioning reference;

[0015] 2. In order to ensure the flatness of the measurement reference surface, a C plane is milled on the φd5 outer circle of the vehicle fixture. When machining the fixture, the C plane is positioned and ground with the left end face of the fixture on the grinder to form the measurement reference surface C. In this way, during the fixture manufacturing process, it is easy to ensure the flatness of the measurement reference surface and the precise position of the intersection of the two axes of the angle θ formed by it and the fixture;

[0016] 3. In order to improve the rigidity of the vehicle clamp and reduce the deformation of the clamp, the inner hole at the clamping position φd3 of the clamp is not processed and is changed to a solid state.

[0017] The present invention discloses a method for processing a swash plate shaft part, which is implemented by using a swash plate shaft part vehicle fixture, and comprises the following steps: 1) when processing a swash plate shaft workpiece, firstly clamp the outer circle of the vehicle fixture φd3 with a four-jaw chuck, and align the outer circle of φd4 and the B surface by using a table, so that the table jump is less than 0.01 mm, and at the same time, use a table to detect the measurement reference surface C;

[0018] 2) Then, pass the expansion spring body and expansion sleeve with the first bolt and the limit pin through the inner hole φD1H7 of the swash plate shaft workpiece, and first use the second bolt to position the end of the expansion spring body with the vehicle fixture; at the same time, use the end face of the outer circle root of the rear side φd2 of the workpiece and the inclined surface E of the vehicle fixture to position, and install the swash plate shaft workpiece into the vehicle fixture;

[0019] 3) Then, the positioning pin is installed into the keyway of the swash plate shaft workpiece to ensure the angular direction of the workpiece during processing;

[0020] 4) Finally, the expansion sleeve and the expansion spring body are tightened by bolts to achieve positioning and tightening of the workpiece, and the workpiece can be processed;

[0021] 5) As the lathe spindle rotates, the rotation center of the lathe spindle is guaranteed to coincide with the center of the outer circle of the workpiece being machined.

[0022] Furthermore, before processing the workpiece, it is necessary to accurately measure the actual value L5 from the spatial intersection of the two axes of the automotive fixture to the fixture measurement reference surface C. During the processing, by accurately controlling the measured value of L6, that is, the distance dimension from the processing end face to the fixture measurement reference surface required in the process, the distance dimension from the angled intersection of the two axes to the processed end face can be ensured: L1=L5-L6.

[0023] After production practice, when using this car fixture to process workpieces, as long as the car fixture is aligned, the workpiece is clamped in a gapless positioning manner, and the workpiece can be processed at an angle of θ without changing the position of the spatial intersection; before processing the workpiece, it is only necessary to measure the measured value L5 from the spatial intersection to the measurement reference surface, and accurately ensure the L6 value from the processing end face to the fixture measurement reference surface during the processing, so as to indirectly ensure the spatial dimension L1. After adopting the above method, not only a lot of clamping and alignment time is saved, the processing efficiency of the product is significantly improved, and the processing quality of the product is also better guaranteed.

[0024] Practice has proved that the workpiece processed according to this technical solution has the following processing advantages compared with the workpiece processed according to the existing technical solution:

[0025] 1) It can fully meet the technical requirements of product technology and ensure the processing quality of the product;

[0026] 2) After aligning the lathe fixture once, multiple workpieces can be processed without the need to align the workpieces repeatedly;

[0027] 3) It reduces the technical difficulty of workers in processing workpieces, improves production efficiency, and increases the product qualification rate by more than 95%;

[0028] 4) This processing scheme also provides a good reference for the turning of other inclined plate shaft parts.

[0029] Therefore, using the vehicle fixture to process swash plate shaft parts is an easy-to-operate, economical, safe, efficient and reliable processing method, which is particularly suitable for batch production and processing of such parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the swash plate shaft workpiece.

[0031] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the original vehicle fixture structure.

[0032] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the improved vehicle fixture structure.

[0033] 1-clamp body, 2-locating pin, 3-tension spring body, 4-tension sleeve, 5-first bolt, 6-swash plate shaft, 7-second bolt, 8-limit pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] A vehicle clamp for swash plate shaft parts, comprising a clamp body 1, a positioning pin 2, a tensioning spring body 3, a tensioning sleeve 4, a first bolt 5, a second bolt 7 and a limit pin 8; the clamp body 1 is provided with an oblique hole for clamping the swash plate shaft 6, which passes through the front and rear of the clamp body 1, and the angle formed by the axis of the oblique hole and the axis of the clamp body 1 is the same as the angle formed by the inner hole and the outer circle center line of the swash plate shaft 6, and the front end face of the clamp body 1 is processed into a positioning end face E perpendicular to the axis of the oblique hole to position the outer circle end face of the swash plate shaft 6; the outer diameters of the clamp body 1 from back to front are φd3, φd4, and φd5 respectively, and φd4>φd3>φd5; a pin hole connecting the oblique hole and used for installing the positioning pin 2 is provided on the outer wall of the φd5 section; the transition position of the front section of the tensioning spring body 3 is a step-like structure matching the step structure of the inner hole of the swash plate shaft 6, and the front and rear end centers of the tensioning spring body 3 are both opened There is a screw hole, and a limit platform is provided at the part near the end of the inclined hole, which can be connected with the screw hole at the rear end of the spring body by the second bolt 7 to realize the limitation of the spring body; one end of the expansion sleeve 4 is a closed wedge-shaped structure, and the other end is a structure with a limit groove matching the front end of the spring body; the expansion sleeve 4 is inserted into the front end outer side of the spring body 3 through the wedge-shaped structure, and the first bolt 5 can be screwed into the front end screw hole of the spring body 3 through the expansion sleeve 4. A long strip limit hole connecting the inside and outside of the expansion sleeve 4 is opened on the outer wall of the expansion sleeve 4, and a hole is opened on the outer wall of the spring body 3 corresponding to the pin hole, and the limit pin is stuck in the pin hole and the limit hole; a C plane is milled on the outer circle of the φd5 section of the clamp body 1, and the C plane is positioned and ground with the end face of the fixture on the grinder to form a reference plane C for measurement; the front end face of the outer circle of the φd4 section is used as the B surface for alignment; the φd3 section is a solid structure as the clamping part.

[0035] Combination Figure 3 As shown, in specific application, the following method is adopted:

[0036] 1) When machining inclined plate shaft parts, first use a four-jaw chuck to clamp the outer circle of the lathe fixture φd3, and use a dial to align the outer circle of φd4 and the B surface, so that the table jump is less than 0.01mm, and at the same time use a dial to detect the measurement reference surface C;

[0037] 2) Then, pass the expansion spring body and expansion sleeve with the first bolt and the limit pin through the inner hole φD1H7 of the swash plate shaft workpiece, and first use the second bolt to position the end of the expansion spring body with the vehicle fixture; at the same time, use the end face of the outer circle root of the rear side φd2 of the workpiece and the inclined surface E of the vehicle fixture to position, and install the swash plate shaft workpiece into the vehicle fixture;

[0038] 3) Then, the positioning pin is installed into the keyway of the swash plate shaft workpiece to ensure the angular direction of the workpiece during processing;

[0039] 4) Finally, the expansion sleeve and the expansion spring body are tightened by bolts to achieve positioning and tightening of the workpiece, and the workpiece can be processed;

[0040] 5) As the lathe spindle rotates, the rotation center of the lathe spindle is guaranteed to coincide with the center of the outer circle of the workpiece being machined.

[0041] The technical features of the present invention are as follows:

[0042] 1. By designing a car fixture, the workpiece is accurately positioned and reliably clamped, reducing the number of times the table is set. After aligning the car fixture once, multiple workpieces can be processed, solving the processing and clamping problems of inclined plate shaft parts.

[0043] 2. The spring clamp is used to ensure the uniformity of the positioning reference during the processing, achieve zero displacement of the positioning reference, and meet the technical requirements of the processed products.

Claims

1. A vehicle clamp for swash plate shaft parts, comprising a clamp body (1) and a positioning pin (2); It is characterized in that The clamp body (1) further comprises a tension spring body (3), a tension sleeve (4), a first bolt (5), a second bolt (7) and a limit pin (8); the clamp body (1) is provided with an inclined hole for clamping the swash plate shaft (6) and passing through the front and rear of the clamp body (1); the angle formed by the axis of the inclined hole and the axis of the clamp body (1) is the same as the angle formed by the inner hole and the outer circle center line of the swash plate shaft (6); the front end surface of the clamp body (1) is processed into a positioning end surface E perpendicular to the axis of the inclined hole to position the outer circle end surface of the swash plate shaft (6); the outer diameters of the clamp body (1) from back to front are φd3, φd4 and φd5 respectively, and φd4>φd3>φd5; the outer wall of the φd5 section is provided with a pin hole connected to the inclined hole and used to install the positioning pin (2); the transition position of the middle and end sections of the tension spring body (3) is a step-shaped structure matching the step structure of the inner hole of the swash plate shaft (6); the front and rear ends of the tension spring body (3) are both provided with screw holes in the center, and the inclined hole is close to the end. A limiting platform is provided, and the limiting of the expansion spring body (3) can be achieved by connecting the second bolt (7) with the screw hole at the rear end of the expansion spring body (3); one end of the expansion sleeve (4) is a closed wedge-shaped structure, and the other end is a structure with a limiting groove that matches the front end of the expansion spring body (3); the expansion sleeve (4) is inserted into the front end outer side of the expansion spring body (3) through the wedge-shaped structure, and the first bolt (5) can be screwed into the front end screw hole of the expansion spring body (3) through the expansion sleeve (4). 4) A long strip-shaped limit hole is opened on the outer wall to connect the inside and outside of the expansion sleeve (4); a hole is opened on the outer wall of the expansion spring body (3) corresponding to the limit hole, and the limit pin (8) is stuck in the pin hole and the limit hole; a C plane is milled on the outer circle of the φd5 section of the clamp body (1), and the C plane is positioned and ground on a grinder with the end face of the clamp to form a reference plane C for measurement; the front end face of the outer circle of the φd4 section is used as the B surface for alignment; the φd3 section is a solid structure as a clamping part.

2. A method for processing swash plate shaft parts, which is implemented by using the swash plate shaft parts vehicle fixture as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The process includes the following steps: 1) When machining a swash plate shaft workpiece, first use a four-jaw chuck to clamp the outer circle of the lathe fixture φd3, and use a dial to align the outer circle of φd4 and the B surface, so that the dial jump is less than 0.01mm, and at the same time use a dial to detect the measurement reference surface C; 2) Then, the expansion spring body (3) and the expansion sleeve (4) with the first bolt (5) and the stop pin (8) are passed through the inner hole φD1H7 of the swash plate shaft workpiece, and the second bolt (7) is first used to position the end of the expansion spring body (3) with the vehicle fixture; at the same time, the end surface of the outer circle root of the rear side φd2 of the workpiece is positioned with the inclined surface E of the vehicle fixture, and the swash plate shaft workpiece is installed in the vehicle fixture; 3) Then, the positioning pin (2) is inserted into the keyway of the swash plate shaft workpiece to ensure the angular direction of the workpiece during machining; 4) Finally, the expansion sleeve (4) and the expansion spring body (3) are compressed by the first bolt (5) to achieve positioning and compression of the workpiece, thereby processing the workpiece; 5) As the lathe spindle rotates, the rotation center of the lathe spindle is guaranteed to coincide with the center of the outer circle of the workpiece being machined.

3. The method for processing the swash plate shaft parts according to claim 2, It is characterized in that Before machining the workpiece, it is necessary to accurately measure the actual value L5 from the spatial intersection of the two axes of the automotive fixture to the fixture measurement reference surface C. During the machining process, by accurately controlling the measured value of L6, that is, the distance dimension from the machining end face to the fixture measurement reference surface required in the process, the distance dimension from the angled intersection of the two axes to the machined end face can be ensured: L1=L5-L6.

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