A method, device, equipment and storage medium for determining the shadow of a photovoltaic array

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method, device, equipment and storage medium for determining the shadow of a photovoltaic array. The method includes: determining a three-dimensional solid model and scene layout information of an obstacle according to the obstacle within a preset range of the photovoltaic array and the position of the obstacle; determining a normal vector of the obstacle according to the three-dimensional solid model of the obstacle and the scene layout information; and determining the shadow area of the obstacle according to the normal vector of the obstacle and the current solar zenith angle, where the shadow area is the area of the shadow on the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic array caused by the obstacle. The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention solves the problem of inaccurate calculation of the shadow area on the photovoltaic panel and is applicable to various complex scenarios of a photovoltaic power station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation engineering, and particularly to a method, device, equipment and storage medium for determining the shadow of a photovoltaic array. Background Art

[0002] According to the energy data resource website, for crystalline silicon solar panels, in actual applications, the efficiency of converting light energy into electrical energy is only 15% - 20%. In a laboratory with relatively little external influence, the highest conversion efficiency is only 35%. The output power of solar panels is extremely susceptible to the environment. For example, as the sun moves throughout the day, the photovoltaic modules are blocked by external factors such as tree shade, dark clouds, and surrounding buildings. The shadow effect will significantly reduce the output power of the solar panel, and at the same time, it will also affect the electrical performance (such as current and voltage, etc.) of the solar panel.

[0003] Currently, the methods for shadow analysis include: theoretical formula calculation method, instrument measurement method, software simulation method, AutoCAD method, etc. The theoretical calculation method means that given the azimuth angle of the sun, the altitude angle between the sun and the photovoltaic panel, and the actual height of the shielding object at a certain moment, these values are then substituted into the engineering formula to obtain the shadow area. Software simulation means analyzing the shadow by means of the shadow modeling function of the software, such as PVsyst, PVsol, and Ecotect, etc. The CAD method means that after theoretical calculation of the photovoltaic panel, the shadow length generated by the shielding object under the sun is obtained through the measurement method to analyze the shadow.

[0004] However, these above methods have the problem of inaccurate calculation of the shadow area for shadow analysis in complex scenarios, such as multiple and complex shielding objects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method, device, equipment and storage medium for determining the shadow of a photovoltaic array to solve the problem of inaccurate calculation of the shadow area on the photovoltaic panel.

[0006] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining the shadow of a photovoltaic array, including:

[0007] Determine the three-dimensional solid model and the scene arrangement information of the shielding object according to the shielding object within the preset range of the photovoltaic array and the position of the shielding object;

[0008] Determine the normal vector of the shielding object according to the three-dimensional solid model of the shielding object and the scene arrangement information;

[0009] Determine the shadow area of the shielding object according to the normal vector of the shielding object and the current solar zenith angle, where the shadow area is the area of the shadow on the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic array caused by the shielding object.

[0010] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for determining the shadow of a photovoltaic array, including:

[0011] A three-dimensional model and scene arrangement determination module, configured to determine a three-dimensional model and scene arrangement information of the obstacle according to the obstacle within a preset range of the photovoltaic array and the position of the obstacle;

[0012] A normal vector determination module, configured to determine a normal vector of the obstacle according to the three-dimensional model of the obstacle and the scene arrangement information;

[0013] A shadow area determination module, configured to determine a shadow area of the obstacle according to the normal vector of the obstacle and the current solar zenith angle, where the shadow area is the area of the shadow on the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic array caused by the obstacle.

[0014] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes:

[0015] At least one processor;

[0016] And a memory communicatively connected to at least one processor;

[0017] Wherein, the memory stores a computer program executable by at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by at least one processor so that at least one processor can execute the method for determining the shadow of the photovoltaic array in the first aspect above.

[0018] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer instructions for causing a processor to implement the method for determining the shadow of the photovoltaic array in the first aspect above when executed.

[0019] The solution for determining the shadow of the photovoltaic array provided by the embodiment of the present invention determines the three-dimensional model and scene arrangement information of the obstacle according to the obstacle within a preset range of the photovoltaic array and the position of the obstacle, determines the normal vector of the obstacle according to the three-dimensional model of the obstacle and the scene arrangement information, and determines the shadow area of the obstacle according to the normal vector of the obstacle and the current solar zenith angle, where the shadow area is the area of the shadow on the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic array caused by the obstacle. By adopting the above technical solution, the normal vector of the obstacle is calculated according to the three-dimensional model of the obstacle and the scene arrangement information, and then based on the normal vector and the current solar zenith angle, the shadow area caused by the obstacle to the photovoltaic panel can be determined, solving the problem of inaccurate calculation of the shadow area on the photovoltaic panel and adapting to various complex scenarios of the photovoltaic power station.

[0020] It should be understood that the content described in this part is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it used to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become readily understood from the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a method for determining the shadow of a photovoltaic array according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a flowchart of a method for determining the shadow of a photovoltaic array according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for determining the shadow of a photovoltaic array according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description, claims and above-mentioned drawings of the present invention are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality of" means two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] Figure 1 The flowchart of a method for determining the shadow of a photovoltaic array provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention is applicable to the situation of determining the area of the shadow on a photovoltaic panel. This method can be executed by a device for determining the shadow of a photovoltaic array, and the device for determining the shadow of a photovoltaic array can be implemented in the form of hardware and / or software. The device for determining the shadow of a photovoltaic array can be configured in an electronic device, and the electronic device can be composed of two or more physical entities or one physical entity.

[0030] As Figure 1 shown, the method for determining the shadow of a photovoltaic array provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0031] S101. Determine the three-dimensional solid model and scene layout information of the obstacle according to the obstacle within the preset range of the photovoltaic array and the position of the obstacle.

[0032] In this embodiment, the size information and position information of the actual obstacles within the preset range of the photovoltaic array can be collected, and relevant software can be used to construct the three-dimensional solid models and scene layout information of the obstacles and the photovoltaic array on a three-dimensional coordinate system to simulate the surrounding scene of the photovoltaic power station in a three-dimensional space. Among them, the preset range can be set according to the actual situation. For example, according to the height and shape of the obstacle, the higher and larger the obstacle, the larger the preset range. The scene layout information can be understood as the position relationship information between the obstacle and the photovoltaic array, such as distance and angle. The obstacles can include plants, buildings, mountains, etc.

[0033] S102. Determine the normal vector of the occluder according to the three-dimensional solid model of the occluder and the scene layout information.

[0034] In this embodiment, the occluder is generally a polygonal solid model. According to the three-dimensional solid model of the occluder and the scene layout information, the coordinate representation of the normal vector of the occluder can be calculated. For example, the three-dimensional solid model of the occluder is meshed, and the normal vector of each grid is obtained.

[0035] S103. Determine the shadow area of the occluder according to the normal vector of the occluder and the current solar zenith angle.

[0036] Among them, the shadow area is the area of the shadow on the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic array caused by the occluder.

[0037] In this embodiment, according to the normal vector of the occluder and the current solar zenith angle of the light source, the projected area of the occluder on the photovoltaic panel can be calculated, that is, the area of the shadow on the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic array caused by the occluder. Among them, the solar zenith angle can be understood as the angle between the incident direction of the solar rays and the zenith direction.

[0038] The method for determining the shadow of the photovoltaic array provided by the embodiment of the present invention determines the three-dimensional solid model and the scene layout information of the occluder according to the occluder within the preset range of the photovoltaic array and the position of the occluder, determines the normal vector of the occluder according to the three-dimensional solid model of the occluder and the scene layout information, and determines the shadow area of the occluder according to the normal vector of the occluder and the current solar zenith angle. Among them, the shadow area is the area of the shadow on the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic array caused by the occluder. The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention calculates the normal vector of the occluder according to the three-dimensional solid model of the occluder and the scene layout information, and then based on this normal vector and the current solar zenith angle, the shadow area caused by the occluder on the photovoltaic panel can be determined, solving the problem of inaccurate calculation of the shadow area on the photovoltaic panel, and being applicable to various complex scenarios of photovoltaic power stations.

[0039] Optionally, before determining the shadow area of the occluder according to the normal vector of the occluder and the current solar zenith angle, it further includes: determining the solar radian angle and the current initial solar altitude angle according to the solar angle, the solar declination radian, and the solar latitude; correcting the current initial solar altitude angle based on the atmospheric coefficient to obtain the current solar zenith angle. The advantage of this setting is that by correcting the initial solar altitude angle, the calculation accuracy of the solar altitude angle can be improved, laying a foundation for accurately calculating the shadow area on the photovoltaic panel subsequently.

[0040] Exemplarily, the calculation method of the solar radian angle can be expressed as: arg = sin(dec) * sin(lat) + cos(dec) * cos(lat) * cos(ha), where arg is the solar radian angle, dec is the solar declination radian, lat is the solar latitude, and ha is the solar angle. The current initial solar altitude angle can be expressed as: elv = arcsin(arg), where elv is the current initial solar altitude angle. Among them, the time for updating the solar radian angle and the current initial solar altitude angle can be preset, for example, it can be preset to 1 hour, that is, the solar radian angle and the current initial solar altitude angle are calculated every hour.

[0041] Exemplarily, the calculation method of the current solar zenith angle can be expressed as:

[0042]

[0043] Among them, zen is the current solar zenith angle, elv’ is the corrected solar altitude angle, refrac is the solar refraction angle, and elv is the current initial solar altitude angle. Among them, the time for updating the current solar zenith angle can be preset, for example, it can also be preset to 1 hour, and this time needs to be consistent with the time for updating the solar radian angle and the current initial solar altitude angle.

[0044] Embodiment 2

[0045] Figure 2 The figure is a flowchart of a method for determining the shadow of a photovoltaic array provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is further optimized on the basis of the above-mentioned optional technical solutions, and a specific method for determining the shadow of the photovoltaic array is given.

[0046] Optionally, the determining the normal vector of the obstacle according to the three-dimensional model of the obstacle and the scene layout information includes: determining the positions of the vertices included in each face of the obstacle based on the three-dimensional model of the obstacle and the scene layout information; determining the triangular faces of the obstacle according to the positions of the vertices, where the triangular face is an enclosed triangle formed by any three vertices in each face of the obstacle; determining the normal vector of the triangular face and the normal vectors of the vertices of the triangular face based on the triangular face; determining the normal vector of the obstacle according to the average value of the normal vectors of the vertices of the triangular face. The advantage of this setting is that the normal vector of the three-dimensional obstacle can be determined by simply constructing triangular faces and obtaining the normal vectors of the triangular faces.

[0047] Optionally, determining the shadow area of the obstacle according to the normal vector of the obstacle and the current solar zenith angle includes: determining the position coordinates of the light source according to the current solar zenith angle; judging whether the obstacle and the photovoltaic panel are parallel according to the normal vector of the obstacle and the normal vector of the photovoltaic panel; if not, based on the position coordinates of the light source, traversing the normal vectors of the triangular faces, and determining the triangular faces with the dot product of the normal vector of the light source point greater than zero as the faces facing the light source, where the normal vector of the light source point is parallel to the normal vector of the ground; traversing the faces facing the light source to determine the edge contour and shadow area of the shadow of the obstacle. The advantage of this setting is that by confirming the faces of the three-dimensional obstacle facing the light source, the edge contour and shadow area of the shadow of the obstacle can be accurately determined.

[0048] As Figure 2 shown, a method for determining the shadow of a photovoltaic array provided in the second embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0049] S201. Determine the three-dimensional solid model and scene arrangement information of the obstacle according to the obstacle and the position of the obstacle within the preset range of the photovoltaic array.

[0050] S202. Based on the three-dimensional solid model and scene arrangement information of the obstacle, determine the positions of the vertices included in each face of the obstacle.

[0051] Specifically, in a three-dimensional coordinate system, the position coordinate vectors of the vertices included in each face of the obstacle can be calculated according to the three-dimensional solid model and scene arrangement information.

[0052] S203. Determine the triangular faces of the obstacle according to the positions of the vertices.

[0053] Among them, the triangular face is an enclosed triangle formed by any three vertices in each face of the obstacle.

[0054] Specifically, on each face of the obstacle, any three vertices can be taken to form an enclosed triangular plane. When the number of vertices on each face of the obstacle is greater than 3, multiple triangular faces can be determined for each face of the obstacle. Among them, the normal vector of the triangular plane is parallel to the normal vector of the corresponding plane of the obstacle.

[0055] S204. Based on the triangular faces, determine the normal vectors of the triangular faces and the normal vectors of the vertices of the triangular faces.

[0056] Exemplarily, the calculation method of the normal vector of the triangular face can be:

[0057]

[0058] where m is the normal vector of the triangular face, m x is the component of m on the X-axis, my is the component of m on the Y-axis, m z is the component of m on the Z-axis, (x i , yi, z i ) are the coordinates of the i-th vertex of the triangular surface, i = 0, 1, 2.

[0059] Exemplarily, the calculation method of the normal vector of the vertex of the triangular surface can be: where, m d is the normal vector of the vertex of the triangular surface, n is the number of triangular surfaces that the plane of the occluder can form. For example, if one plane of the occluder can form 4 triangular surfaces, then n is 4, and m j is the normal vector of the j-th triangular surface of one plane of the occluder.

[0060] S205. Determine the normal vector of the occluder according to the average value of the normal vectors of the vertices of the triangular surface.

[0061] Exemplarily, the calculation method of the normal vector of the occluder can be: where, M is the normal vector of the occluder, N is the number of vertices of the occluder, and m di is the normal vector of the i-th vertex of the triangular surface.

[0062] Optionally, before determining the normal vector of the occluder according to the average value of the normal vectors of the vertices of the triangular surface, it further includes removing the normal vectors of the coplanar vertices of the occluder, that is, removing the normal vectors of the vertices of the parallel planes. If the normal vectors of multiple vertices are parallel, only the normal vector of one vertex can be retained to participate in the subsequent calculation of the normal vector of the occluder. Correspondingly, the number k of the vertices of the occluder also needs to be adjusted accordingly, removing the number of parallel vertices.

[0063] S206. Determine the position coordinates of the light source according to the current solar zenith angle.

[0064] Specifically, according to the current solar zenith angle, the position coordinates of the light source can be constructed. For example, when the sun is at the zenith, the zenith angle is zero, and a point can be taken on the Z-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the position coordinates of the light source.

[0065] S207. Determine whether the occluder and the photovoltaic panel are parallel according to the normal vector of the occluder and the normal vector of the photovoltaic panel.

[0066] Specifically, it can be determined whether the occluder and the photovoltaic panel are parallel according to whether the normal vector of the occluder and the normal vector of the photovoltaic panel are parallel. If they are not parallel, then execute S208. If they are parallel, the edge contour and shadow area of the occluder can be determined by calculating the projection of the occluder on the photovoltaic panel. Among them, the installation angle of the photovoltaic panel can be determined according to the actual situation, and the normal vector of the photovoltaic panel can be calculated according to this installation angle.

[0067] S208. If not, traverse the normal vectors of the triangular faces based on the position coordinates of the light source, and determine the triangular faces with a dot product greater than zero with the normal vector of the light source point as the faces facing the light source.

[0068] Among them, the normal vector of the light source point is parallel to the normal vector of the ground.

[0069] Specifically, the normal vectors of the determined triangular faces can be traversed, the dot product of the normal vector of the triangular face and the normal vector of the light source point can be calculated, and the face of the occluder corresponding to the triangular face with a dot product result greater than zero is determined as the face facing the light source, and the face of the occluder corresponding to the triangular face with a dot product result less than or equal to zero is determined as the face facing away from the light source. Among them, the normal vector of the light source point is parallel to the normal vector of the ground but in the opposite direction.

[0070] S209. Traverse the faces facing the light source to determine the edge contour and shadow area of the occluder's shadow.

[0071] Optionally, traversing the faces facing the light source to determine the edge contour and shadow area of the occluder's shadow includes:

[0072] 1) Traverse the edges of the faces facing the light source, and determine whether the position coordinates of the edge coincide with the position coordinates in the preset stack, where the initial storage amount of the position coordinates in the preset stack is zero;

[0073] Specifically, traverse the position coordinates of the edges of the determined faces facing the light source, and determine whether the position coordinates of the edge already exist in the preset stack. Among them, the preset stack is used to cache the position coordinates of the contour edges of the occluder's shadow, and the initial cache amount of the position coordinates in the preset stack is zero.

[0074] 2) If not, determine the edge as the contour edge of the occluder's shadow and store the position coordinates of the edge in the preset stack;

[0075] Specifically, if the position coordinates of the edge of the face facing the light source are not in the preset stack, it can be determined that the edge is the contour edge of the occluder's shadow, and the position coordinates of the edge are stored in the preset stack. After the traversal ends, the position coordinates stored in the preset stack are the position coordinates of the contour edges of the occluder's shadow.

[0076] Optionally, if the position coordinates of the edge of the face facing the light source are in the preset stack, it can be determined that the edge is not the contour edge of the occluder's shadow but a shared edge, and the position coordinates of the edge are not stored in the preset stack.

[0077] 3) Determine the edge contour and shadow area of the occluder's shadow according to the contour edges.

[0078] Specifically, based on the contour edges of the shadow of the obstacle determined above, the edge contour of the shadow of the obstacle can be calculated, and based on this, the shadow area caused by the obstacle to the photovoltaic panel can be calculated.

[0079] Optionally, determining the edge contour and the shadow area of the shadow of the obstacle according to the contour edges includes:

[0080] 1) Based on the coordinates of the contour edges, determine the intersection area and the union area of the shadow of the obstacle, where the intersection area is the overlapping area of the projection of the obstacle on the photovoltaic panel, and the union area is the sum of the overlapping area and the non-overlapping area of the projection of the obstacle on the photovoltaic panel.

[0081] 2) Determine the intersection-over-union ratio according to the intersection area and the union area.

[0082] 3) Determine whether the intersection-over-union ratio exceeds a preset value. If so, determine that the contour edge is the edge contour of the shadow of the obstacle.

[0083] Specifically, the larger the value of the intersection-over-union ratio, the higher the accuracy of the edge contour of the shadow of the obstacle.

[0084] Exemplarily, the preset value can be 0.5. Determine whether the intersection-over-union ratio exceeds 0.5. If so, determine that the contour edge is the edge contour of the shadow of the obstacle. If not, the foregoing steps can be returned to adjust relevant parameters. For example, the shadow area in the preset stack can be increased outward by a preset area, that is, the coordinates of the contour edge of the shadow are appropriately increased in proportion to improve the intersection-over-union ratio of the shadow area of the obstacle. Among them, the preset area can be set according to the actual situation of the obstacle. The larger the shadow area of the obstacle, the larger the preset area.

[0085] 4) Based on the edge contour of the shadow of the obstacle, determine the shadow area of the obstacle.

[0086] The method for determining the shadow of the photovoltaic array provided by the embodiment of the present invention first determines the three-dimensional solid model and the scene arrangement information of the obstacle, and determines the positions of the vertices included in each face of the obstacle, then constructs triangular faces according to the positions of the vertices to calculate the normal vector of the obstacle, and then uses the position coordinates of the light source and the normal vector of the obstacle to determine the edge contour and the shadow area of the shadow of the obstacle. It uses computer image technology to simulate the real power station scene, constructs images of the actual obstacles around the photovoltaic power station, intuitively and stereoscopically reflects the occlusion scene, calculates the shadow area on the photovoltaic panel in detail and accurately, and is also convenient for secondary development, breaking away from the shackles of the stand-alone software.

[0087] Based on the above embodiments, the method may further include:

[0088] Based on the shadow area of the obstacle and the area of the photovoltaic panel, determine the shadow occlusion percentage; according to the shadow occlusion percentage, determine the power generation of the photovoltaic panel. The advantage of such a setting is that it improves the calculation accuracy of the theoretical power generation of the photovoltaic panel.

[0089] Exemplarily, the shadow occlusion percentage can be determined by calculating the quotient of the shadow area of the obstacle divided by the area of the photovoltaic panel. This shadow occlusion percentage can be combined with the photovoltaic power generation calculation model, and the calculated theoretical power generation of the photovoltaic panel in a relatively complex environment is closer to the true value.

[0090] Embodiment III

[0091] Figure 3 The following is a schematic structural diagram of a device for determining the shadow of a photovoltaic array provided in Embodiment III of the present invention. As Figure 3 shown, the device includes: a three-dimensional model and scene arrangement determination module 301, a normal vector determination module 302, and a shadow area determination module 303, where:

[0092] The three-dimensional model and scene arrangement determination module 301 is configured to determine the three-dimensional model and scene arrangement information of the obstacle according to the obstacle within the preset range of the photovoltaic array and the position of the obstacle;

[0093] The normal vector determination module 302 is configured to determine the normal vector of the obstacle according to the three-dimensional model of the obstacle and the scene arrangement information;

[0094] The shadow area determination module 303 is configured to determine the shadow area of the obstacle according to the normal vector of the obstacle and the current solar zenith angle, where the shadow area is the area of the shadow on the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic array caused by the obstacle.

[0095] The device for determining the shadow of a photovoltaic array provided in the embodiment of the present invention calculates the normal vector of the obstacle according to the three-dimensional model of the obstacle and the scene arrangement information, and then based on this normal vector and the current solar zenith angle, the shadow area caused by the obstacle to the photovoltaic panel can be determined, solving the problem of inaccurate calculation of the shadow area on the photovoltaic panel and adapting to various complex scenarios of a photovoltaic power station.

[0096] Optionally, the normal vector determination module includes:

[0097] A vertex position determination unit configured to determine the positions of the vertices included in each face of the obstacle based on the three-dimensional model of the obstacle and the scene arrangement information;

[0098] A triangular face determination unit for determining the triangular faces of the occluder according to the positions of the vertices, where the triangular faces are closed triangles formed by any three vertices in each face of the occluder;

[0099] A triangular face normal vector determination unit for determining the normal vector of the triangular face and the normal vectors of the vertices of the triangular face based on the triangular face;

[0100] An occluder normal vector determination unit for determining the normal vector of the occluder according to the average value of the normal vectors of the vertices of the triangular face.

[0101] Optionally, the shadow area determination module includes:

[0102] A light source position coordinate determination unit for determining the position coordinates of the light source according to the current solar zenith angle;

[0103] A parallel determination unit for determining whether the occluder and the photovoltaic panel are parallel according to the normal vector of the occluder and the normal vector of the photovoltaic panel;

[0104] A light source-facing surface determination unit for, when the determination result of the parallel determination unit is negative, traversing the normal vectors of the triangular faces based on the position coordinates of the light source, and determining the triangular faces with a dot product greater than zero with the normal vector of the light source point as the light source-facing surfaces, where the normal vector of the light source point is parallel to the normal vector of the ground;

[0105] An edge contour and shadow area determination unit for traversing the light source-facing surfaces to determine the edge contour and shadow area of the shadow of the occluder.

[0106] Optionally, traversing the light source-facing surfaces to determine the edge contour and shadow area of the shadow of the occluder includes: traversing the edges of the light source-facing surfaces and determining whether the position coordinates of the edges coincide with the position coordinates in a preset stack, where the initial storage amount of the position coordinates in the preset stack is zero; if not, determining the edge as the contour edge of the shadow of the occluder and storing the position coordinates of the edge in the preset stack; and determining the edge contour and shadow area of the shadow of the occluder according to the contour edges.

[0107] Further, determining the edge contour and shadow area of the obstacle according to the contour edge includes: determining the intersection area and union area of the shadow of the obstacle based on the coordinates of the contour edge, where the intersection area is the overlapping area of the projection of the obstacle on the photovoltaic panel, and the union area is the sum of the overlapping area and the non-overlapping area of the projection of the obstacle on the photovoltaic panel; determining the intersection-over-union ratio according to the intersection area and the union area; determining whether the intersection-over-union ratio exceeds a preset value, and if so, determining the contour edge as the edge contour of the shadow of the obstacle; and determining the shadow area of the obstacle based on the edge contour of the shadow of the obstacle.

[0108] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0109] A solar radian angle and current initial solar altitude angle determination module, configured to determine the solar radian angle and the current initial solar altitude angle according to the solar angle, the solar declination radian, and the solar latitude before determining the shadow area of the obstacle according to the normal vector of the obstacle and the current solar zenith angle;

[0110] A current solar zenith angle determination module, configured to correct the current initial solar altitude angle based on the atmospheric coefficient to obtain the current solar zenith angle.

[0111] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0112] A shadow occlusion percentage determination module, configured to determine the shadow occlusion percentage based on the shadow area of the obstacle and the area of the photovoltaic panel;

[0113] A power generation amount determination module, configured to determine the power generation amount of the photovoltaic panel according to the shadow occlusion percentage.

[0114] The device for determining the photovoltaic array shadow provided by the embodiments of the present invention can execute the method for determining the photovoltaic array shadow provided by any embodiment of the present invention, and has corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for executing the method.

[0115] Embodiment 4

[0116] Figure 4FIG. 0 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device 40 that can be used to implement an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as, for example, laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as, for example, personal digital processors, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.) and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0117] As Figure 4 shown, the electronic device 40 includes at least one processor 41, and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor 41, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 42, a random access memory (RAM) 43, etc. The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor. The processor 41 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 42 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 48 into the random access memory (RAM) 43. In the RAM 43, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 40 can also be stored. The processor 41, the ROM 42, and the RAM 43 are connected to each other through a bus 44. An input / output (I / O) interface 45 is also connected to the bus 44.

[0118] A plurality of components in the electronic device 40 are connected to the I / O interface 45, including: an input unit 46, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 47, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 48, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 49, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 49 allows the electronic device 40 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0119] The processor 41 can be various general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 41 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The processor 41 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as the method for determining the shadow of a photovoltaic array.

[0120] In some embodiments, the method for determining the photovoltaic array shadow can be implemented as a computer program tangibly embodied in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 48. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed onto the electronic device 40 via the ROM 42 and / or the communication unit 49. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 43 and executed by the processor 41, one or more steps of the method for determining the photovoltaic array shadow described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 41 can be configured to execute the method for determining the photovoltaic array shadow by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0121] The various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above can be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), application specific standard products (ASSP), systems on a chip (SOC), complex programmable logic devices (CPLD), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be a special or general programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit the data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0122] The computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when the computer programs are executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams are implemented. The computer programs can be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, as a stand-alone software package partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0123] The computer device provided above can be used to execute the method for determining the photovoltaic array shadow provided in any of the above embodiments, and has the corresponding functions and beneficial effects.

[0124] Embodiment Five

[0125] In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible medium, and computer-executable instructions are used to execute the method for determining the photovoltaic array shadow when executed by a computer processor. The method includes:

[0126] Determine the three-dimensional solid model and the scene layout information of the obstacle according to the obstacle within the preset range of the photovoltaic array and the position of the obstacle;

[0127] Determine the normal vector of the obstacle according to the three-dimensional solid model of the obstacle and the scene layout information;

[0128] Determine the shadow area of the obstacle according to the normal vector of the obstacle and the current solar zenith angle, where the shadow area is the area of the shadow on the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic array caused by the obstacle.

[0129] In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that can contain or store a computer program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, the computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. More specific examples of the machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0130] The computer device provided above can be used to execute the method for determining the shadow of the photovoltaic array provided in any of the above embodiments, and has corresponding functions and beneficial effects.

[0131] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the device for determining the shadow of the photovoltaic array described above, the various units and modules included are only divided according to functional logic, but are not limited to the above division, as long as the corresponding functions can be achieved; in addition, the specific names of the functional units are only for the convenience of mutual distinction and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0132] Note that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles applied. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments here, and various obvious changes, re-adjustments, and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Without departing from the concept of the present invention, more other equivalent embodiments can be included, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for determining the shadow of a photovoltaic array, characterized in that, Including: Determine a three-dimensional solid model and scene layout information of the obstruction according to the obstruction in a preset range of the photovoltaic array and the position of the obstruction; Determine a normal vector of the obstruction according to the three-dimensional solid model of the obstruction and the scene layout information; Determine a shadow area of the obstruction according to the normal vector of the obstruction and the current solar zenith angle, where the shadow area is an area of a shadow on a photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic array caused by the obstruction; Wherein, the determining the shadow area of the obstruction according to the normal vector of the obstruction and the current solar zenith angle includes: Determine a position coordinate of a light source according to the current solar zenith angle; Judge whether the obstruction and the photovoltaic panel are parallel according to the normal vector of the obstruction and the normal vector of the photovoltaic panel; If not, then based on the position coordinate of the light source, traverse the normal vectors of triangular faces of the obstruction, and determine a triangular face with a dot product greater than zero with the normal vector of the light source point as a face facing the light source, where the normal vector of the light source point is parallel to the normal vector of the ground; Traverse the face facing the light source to determine an edge contour and a shadow area of the shadow of the obstruction; The traversing the face facing the light source to determine the edge contour and the shadow area of the shadow of the obstruction includes: Traverse an edge of the face facing the light source, and judge whether the position coordinate of the edge coincides with the position coordinate in a preset stack, where an initial storage amount of the position coordinate of the preset stack is zero; If not, then determine the edge as an outline edge of the shadow of the obstruction, and store the position coordinate of the edge into the preset stack; Determine the edge contour and the shadow area of the shadow of the obstruction according to the outline edge; The determining the edge contour and the shadow area of the shadow of the obstruction according to the outline edge includes: Determine an intersection area and a union area of the shadow of the obstruction based on coordinates of the outline edge, where the intersection area is an overlapping area of a projection of the obstruction on the photovoltaic panel, and the union area is a sum of the overlapping area and a non-overlapping area of the projection of the obstruction on the photovoltaic panel; Determine an intersection-union ratio according to the intersection area and the union area; Judge whether the intersection-union ratio exceeds a preset value, and if so, determine the outline edge as the edge contour of the shadow of the obstruction; Determine the shadow area of the obstruction based on the edge contour of the shadow of the obstruction.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The determining the normal vector of the obstruction according to the three-dimensional solid model of the obstruction and the scene layout information includes: Determine positions of vertices included in each face of the obstruction based on the three-dimensional solid model of the obstruction and the scene layout information; Determine a triangular face of the obstruction according to the positions of the vertices, where the triangular face is an enclosed triangle formed by any three vertices in each face of the obstruction; Determine a normal vector of the triangular face and a normal vector of a vertex of the triangular face based on the triangular face; Determine the normal vector of the obstruction according to an average value of the normal vectors of the vertices of the triangular face.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein Before determining the shadow area of the obstacle according to the normal vector of the obstacle and the current solar zenith angle, the following steps are further included: Determine the solar radian angle and the current initial solar altitude angle according to the solar angle, the solar declination radian, and the solar latitude; Based on the atmospheric coefficient, correct the current initial solar altitude angle to obtain the current solar zenith angle.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3 further includes: Determine the shadow occlusion percentage based on the shadow area of the obstacle and the area of the photovoltaic panel; Determine the power generation of the photovoltaic panel according to the shadow occlusion percentage.

5. A device for determining the shadow of a photovoltaic array, characterized in that, Including: A three-dimensional model and scene arrangement determination module, configured to determine the three-dimensional model and scene arrangement information of the obstacle according to the obstacle within the preset range of the photovoltaic array and the position of the obstacle; A normal vector determination module, configured to determine the normal vector of the obstacle according to the three-dimensional model of the obstacle and the scene arrangement information; A shadow area determination module, configured to determine the shadow area of the obstacle according to the normal vector of the obstacle and the current solar zenith angle, where the shadow area is the area of the shadow on the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic array caused by the obstacle; The shadow area determination module includes: A light source position coordinate determination unit, configured to determine the position coordinates of the light source according to the current solar zenith angle; A parallel determination unit, configured to determine whether the obstacle and the photovoltaic panel are parallel according to the normal vector of the obstacle and the normal vector of the photovoltaic panel; A light-source-facing surface determination unit, configured to, when the determination result of the parallel determination unit is negative, traverse the normal vectors of the triangular surfaces of the obstacle based on the position coordinates of the light source, and determine the triangular surfaces with a dot product greater than zero with the normal vector of the light source point as the light-source-facing surfaces, where the normal vector of the light source point is parallel to the normal vector of the ground; An edge contour and shadow area determination unit, configured to traverse the light-source-facing surfaces to determine the edge contour and shadow area of the shadow of the obstacle; The traversing the light-source-facing surfaces to determine the edge contour and shadow area of the shadow of the obstacle includes: traversing the edges of the light-source-facing surfaces, and determining whether the position coordinates of the edges coincide with the position coordinates in the preset stack, where the initial storage amount of the position coordinates in the preset stack is zero; if not, determining the edge as the contour edge of the shadow of the obstacle and storing the position coordinates of the edge in the preset stack; and determining the edge contour and shadow area of the shadow of the obstacle according to the contour edge; Determining the edge contour and shadow area of the occluder according to the contour edge includes: determining the intersection area and union area of the shadow of the occluder based on the coordinates of the contour edge, where the intersection area is the overlapping area of the projection of the occluder on the photovoltaic panel, and the union area is the sum of the overlapping area and the non-overlapping area of the projection of the occluder on the photovoltaic panel; determining the intersection-over-union ratio according to the intersection area and the union area; determining whether the intersection-over-union ratio exceeds a preset value, and if so, determining the contour edge as the edge contour of the shadow of the occluder; and determining the shadow area of the occluder based on the edge contour of the shadow of the occluder.

6. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to execute the method for determining the shadow of the photovoltaic array according to any one of claims 1-4.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing a processor to execute the method for determining the shadow of the photovoltaic array according to any one of claims 1-4 when executed.

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