Sight mount, sight and small trowel treatment device

Abstract

This invention relates to an aiming frame, an aiming device including the aiming frame, and a lesser trochanter processing apparatus including the aiming device, wherein the aiming frame (1) has a guide hole (12) for aiming at an intramedullary nail (5) of the femur, and the aiming frame (1) also has a guide hole (11) for aiming at the lesser trochanter (6) of the femur. By integrating the aiming guide hole for the lesser trochanter into the aiming frame for intramedullary nailing, this invention enables aiming, positioning, and manipulation of the lesser trochanter. The aiming frame has a simple structure and saves costs, and the aiming hole for the lesser trochanter can be used for repositioning the lesser trochanter and for inserting locking pins to fix the lesser trochanter, thus expanding the application range of the intramedullary nail aiming frame.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to surgical instruments for treating femoral fractures, and more particularly to aiming frames, aiming devices, and apparatuses for treating the lesser trochanter of the femur used in the treatment of the femur. Background Technology

[0002] The lesser trochanter (also known as the lesser trochanter) is located on the posteromedial aspect of the femur. In cases of femoral fractures, such as intertrochanteric fractures or femoral shaft fractures, displacement of the lesser trochanter is sometimes present.

[0003] Intramedullary nailing is a common treatment for femoral fractures. However, devices for reducing and fixing the lesser trochanter are rarely seen in clinical practice. During intramedullary nailing surgery, lesser trochanter fractures on the medial side of the femur are generally not reduced or fixed. This delays fracture healing and, due to insufficient medial femoral support caused by the lack of reduction and fixation during healing, may lead to secondary fractures.

[0004] Some existing devices for repositioning and / or fixing the lesser trochanter, such as the lesser trochanter repositioning and fixing guide disclosed in CN202843775U, cannot achieve good therapeutic effects and applications due to their special purpose for repositioning the lesser trochanter, complex structure, complicated operation, and high cost.

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve at least one aspect of the aforementioned problems and defects in the prior art, as well as other technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One aspect of the present invention provides an aiming frame having a guide hole formed thereon for aiming at an intramedullary nail of the femur, and also having a guide hole formed thereon for aiming at the lesser trochanter of the femur.

[0007] As an example, the guide hole for aiming at the lesser trochanter of the femur includes a left guide hole and a right guide hole, for aiming at the lesser trochanter of the left femur and the lesser trochanter of the right femur, respectively.

[0008] As an example, the left and right guide holes are oriented such that the insert, when inserted into the femur in the direction toward the corresponding lesser trochanter under their guidance, does not interfere with the intramedullary nail arranged within the femur.

[0009] As an example, the left and right guide holes meet within the sight and have a common exit.

[0010] As an example, the left and right guide holes are oriented at an angle of 4-12 degrees relative to the longitudinal center plane of the aiming mount.

[0011] According to another aspect of the invention, a sight is provided, which includes a handle and a sighting mount according to the examples described above, connected to the handle.

[0012] According to another aspect of the invention, a small trochanter processing apparatus is also provided, which includes the aforementioned sight and a drill bit guided in a guide hole for the small trochanter in the sight mount of the sight.

[0013] As an example, the drill bit includes a threaded portion located at one end near the femur, a polished portion adjacent to the threaded portion, and a protrusion disposed on the opposite side of the polished portion, the outer diameter of the protrusion being larger than the outer diameter of the polished portion to form a stepped surface facing the polished portion.

[0014] As an example, the small trochanter treatment device also includes a sleeve adapted to be inserted into and guided by a guide hole for the small trochanter, wherein a drill bit is adapted to be inserted into the sleeve and guided by the sleeve toward the small trochanter.

[0015] As an example, the small trochanter treatment device also includes a tool for screwing a locking pin into the small trochanter, the tool being adapted to be inserted into a sleeve and guided by the sleeve toward the small trochanter.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are at least as follows: by integrating the aiming guide hole for the lesser trochanter on the aiming frame for intramedullary nailing, the lesser trochanter can be aimed, positioned, and manipulated. The aiming frame has a simple structure and saves costs. Furthermore, the aiming hole for the lesser trochanter can be used for its repositioning and for driving in locking screws to fix it, thus expanding the application range of the intramedullary nail aiming frame. Moreover, by providing left and right guide holes, the same aiming frame can be applied to both the left and right femurs, avoiding the need for different devices for different femur sides, simplifying the structure and saving costs. In addition, by setting the left and right guide holes to converge within the aiming frame and have a common outlet, the positions of the left and right guide holes on the aiming frame can be rationally arranged, avoiding increasing the width and volume of the aiming frame. Furthermore, by using a drill bit with a structure having a protrusion and a threaded portion, it is possible not only to drill a repositioning hole but also to reposition the lesser trochanter. The lesser trochanter treatment device of the present invention can achieve both repositioning and fixation of the lesser trochanter. The small trochanter repositioning and fixing device has a simple structure, low cost, and is easy to operate. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments, wherein:

[0018] Figure 1 A perspective view of a small trochanter processing apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0019] Figure 2 A perspective view of an exemplary aiming mount according to the present invention is shown;

[0020] Figure 3 Show Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of the aiming mount viewed from below;

[0021] Figure 4 Show Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the aiming mount at point AA to clearly show the left and right guide holes;

[0022] Figure 5 A front view schematic diagram of an exemplary drill bit according to the present invention is shown;

[0023] Figure 6 A perspective view of an exemplary small ridge processing device of the present invention in the operation state of drilling a reset hole is shown;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a perspective view showing the exemplary small trochanter processing device of the present invention in operation state of inserting a locking pin into the reset hole after drilling the reset hole; and

[0025] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of an exemplary small tufting treatment device of the present invention in the state of having the locking pins fixed.

[0026] It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are schematic only and are not necessarily drawn to scale. They only show those parts necessary to illustrate the invention, while other parts may be omitted or simply mentioned. In addition to the components shown in the drawings, the invention may also include other components. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings is intended to explain the overall concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0028] Furthermore, in the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth for ease of explanation and to provide a comprehensive understanding of the embodiments. However, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and apparatuses are not illustrated in the figures to simplify the drawings.

[0029] The descriptions of orientation used in the following description, such as "distal / distal," "proximal / proximal," "medial," and "lateral," are for convenience only and are not intended to limit the technical solution of the invention, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Furthermore, terms such as "first" and "second" are used below to describe elements of this application; these terms are only used to distinguish individual elements and are not intended to limit the nature, sequence, order, or number of these elements. It should be noted that, in this document, the insertion end of the intramedullary nail is the distal end, and the end opposite the insertion end, i.e., the end connected to the handle, is the proximal end. The direction from the proximal end of the intramedullary nail towards the distal end is the distal direction, and the opposite is the proximal direction. As used herein, "distal / distal" generally refers to the end / side that is closer to the distal direction than the other end / side, and "proximal / proximal" generally refers to the end / side that is closer to the proximal direction than the other end / side.

[0030] Furthermore, in this article, "inner side" and "outer side" are used relative to the human body; the side closer to the inside of the body is called the "inner side," for example, the inner side of the thigh is called the "inner side." For example, in... Figure 6-8 The lower side of the body. And the side further away from the body, for example... Figure 6-8 The upper side is the "outer side". It should also be understood that these directional terms are only relative terms.

[0031] Intramedullary nailing is a commonly used internal fixation treatment for femoral fractures. During intramedullary nailing surgery, the intramedullary nail is inserted into the femur. Locking holes, for example, are usually provided at the proximal and distal ends of the intramedullary nail to lock it onto the femur. Therefore, after the intramedullary nail is implanted into the femur, it is necessary to aim the nail (specifically, its holes) externally to insert, for example, locking screws. This is usually achieved using an aiming device attached to the intramedullary nail. For example, as... Figure 1 As shown, the sight includes a handle 2 and a sight 1 connected to the handle 2. The handle 2 is connected to the intramedullary nail 5 via an adapter 7. The sight 1 is detachably connected to the handle 2. Various guide holes 12 on the sight 1 guide inserted tools toward corresponding holes on the intramedullary nail 5, i.e., aiming at the corresponding holes on the intramedullary nail 5. The sight 1 can be a proximal sight, a distal sight, or a sight suitable for both proximal and distal ends. This invention does not limit this.

[0032] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides an aiming frame 1, which not only has a guide hole 12 for aiming at the femoral intramedullary nail 5, but also a guide hole 11 for aiming at the lesser trochanter 6 of the femur.

[0033] In this exemplary embodiment, the aiming frame 1 for intramedullary nail fixation integrates an aiming hole (i.e., guide hole 11) for the minor trochanter, thereby enabling aiming, positioning, and manipulation of the minor trochanter. The structure is simple and cost-effective. The aiming hole for the minor trochanter can be used for repositioning the minor trochanter and can also be used to drive in locking pins to fix the minor trochanter (described below), thus expanding the application range of the aiming frame.

[0034] Preferably, to better suit aiming at the lesser trochanter of the left and right femurs, the guide hole 11 is designed to include a left guide hole 111 and a right guide hole 112, for aiming at the lesser trochanter of the left and right femurs, respectively. Therefore, the same aiming frame 1 can be used for both the left and right femurs, avoiding the need for different devices for different sides of the femur, simplifying the structure and saving costs.

[0035] Because the intramedullary nail occupies a large portion of the femoral diameter within the medullary canal, for example, about 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the femoral diameter, and because the lesser trochanter is located on the posteromedial side of the femur, when drilling a reduction hole at the lesser trochanter and reducing the lesser trochanter by inserting the drill bit 3 through the guide hole 11 from the outside, or when inserting a tool 8 (e.g., a wrench) through the guide hole 11 to screw the locking pin 9 into the reduction hole, it is necessary to avoid interference between the drill bit or the implanted locking pin 9 (collectively referred to as the inserts inserted into the femur under the guidance of the guide hole 11) and the intramedullary nail 5, i.e., to avoid the intramedullary nail 5. The construction of the guide hole 11 in the aiming frame provided by the present invention successfully solves this problem. Figure 4 As shown, this example illustrates the construction of a guide hole. The left guide hole 111 and the right guide hole 112 are respectively oriented such that the insert, guided thereon and inserted into the femur in the direction toward the corresponding lesser trochanter, does not interfere with the intramedullary nail disposed within the femur (in combination with...). Figure 6-8 (As can be seen). For example, the left guide hole 111 and the right guide hole 112 are designed such that their central axes form an angle of 4-12 degrees with respect to the longitudinal center plane of the aiming mount. Combined with... Figure 6-8 It can be seen that the orientation of the left guide hole 111 is such that the insert (e.g., a drill bit, a locking pin) guided by it does not interfere with the intramedullary nail 5 placed in the femur when it moves toward the lesser trochanter of the left femur, that is, it bypasses the intramedullary nail 5 placed in the femur.

[0036] Preferably, such as Figure 4 As shown, the left guide hole 111 and the right guide hole 112 meet within the aiming frame 1 and have a common outlet 113. By rationally arranging the positions of the left guide hole 111 and the right guide hole 112 on the aiming frame with this structure, the width of the aiming frame can be avoided. Figure 4 (Dimensions in the left and right directions) and volume.

[0037] Accordingly, as another aspect of the invention, an aiming device is also provided, which includes a handle 2 and an aiming frame 1, as described in the above examples, connected to the handle 2. Thus, this aiming device integrates aiming functions for intramedullary nails and aiming functions for the lesser trochanter, achieving multiple applications with a simple structure.

[0038] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and 6 As shown in Figure 8, as another aspect of the present invention, a small trochanter processing apparatus is also provided. This small trochanter processing apparatus can be understood as a small trochanter resetting apparatus for resetting small trochanters, or a small trochanter resetting and fixing apparatus for resetting and fixing small trochanters, which will be described in detail below.

[0039] The small trowel processing device may include a sight as described above, namely a handle 2 and a sight 1 connected to the handle, and a drill bit 3 guided in a left guide hole 111 or a right guide hole 112 for the small trowel of the sight 1.

[0040] For example, such as Figure 5 , 6 As shown, the drill bit 3 includes a threaded portion 31 located at one end near the femur, a smooth shaft portion 32 adjacent to the threaded portion, and a protrusion 33 on the opposite side of the smooth shaft portion 32 from the threaded portion 31. The outer diameter of the protrusion 33 is larger than the outer diameter of the smooth shaft portion 32, forming a stepped surface 34 facing the smooth shaft portion 32. In this example, after the threaded portion of the drill bit drills to the inner lesser trochanter cortex, the stepped surface 34 at the protrusion 33 in the middle of the drill bit abuts against the femoral cortex. The drill bit continues to rotate under the drive of an electric or manual tool, thus pulling the fractured lesser trochanter laterally (i.e., towards the femur) by the threaded portion. Figure 6 (In the upward direction) thus repositioning the lesser trochanter. Therefore, the drill bit 3 with the protrusion not only functions to drill a repositioning hole in the femur, but also to reposition the lesser trochanter. In this case, the lesser trochanter treatment device is a lesser trochanter repositioning device.

[0041] Preferably, the small trowel treatment device may further include a sleeve 4 adapted to be inserted into and guided by the left guide hole 111 or the right guide hole 112 for the small trowel, wherein the drill bit 3 is adapted to be inserted into the sleeve 4 and guided by the sleeve 4 toward the small trowel. In this example, the sleeve 4 is a hollow thin-walled sleeve that is clearance-fitted with the left guide hole 111 or the right guide hole 112, and the protrusion 33 of the shank of the small trowel reset drill bit is clearance-fitted with the sleeve 4, thereby achieving the desired effect. Figure 6As shown, the drill bit 3 is inserted into the left guide hole 111 or the right guide hole 112 for the small trowel via the sleeve 4 and is guided by the guide hole. This arrangement allows the drill bit to be guided more stably. It should be understood that although using the sleeve 4 is the preferred option, it is also possible to omit the sleeve and adapt the drill bit 3 to mate with the left guide hole 111 or the right guide hole 112 to be guided in the guide hole.

[0042] like Figure 7 As shown, the small trochanter treatment device may further include a tool for screwing the locking pin 9 into a reset hole at the small trochanter, the tool being adapted to be inserted into the sleeve 4 and guided by the sleeve 4 toward the small trochanter (in Figure 7 (The sleeve is not shown in the image for better illustration of tool 8) to more securely screw in the locking pin 9. Tool 8 screws the locking pin 9 into the reset hole, completing the fixation of the small trowel 6. At this point, the small trowel processing device is a small trowel reset and fixation device.

[0043] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 6-8 This describes the entire working process of an exemplary small trochanter repositioning and fixing device of the present invention.

[0044] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, two guide holes 111 and 112 are added to the intramedullary nail aiming frame 1 to aim at the left and right lesser trochanters of the femur, respectively. These holes are oriented such that the drill bit 3 or locking pin 9 inserted into the femur under the guidance of these guide holes is biased towards one side of the intramedullary nail 5 without interfering with it. The lesser trochanter reduction and fixation device is also equipped with a sleeve 4 and a lesser trochanter reduction drill bit 3. The sleeve 4 is a hollow, thin-walled sleeve that fits with the guide hole 111 or 112 with a clearance. The protrusion 33 of the shank of the lesser trochanter reduction drill bit fits with the sleeve 4 with a clearance, allowing the drill bit 3 to be guided through the sleeve 4 into the guide hole 111 or 112 of the aiming frame 1. The distal end of the drill bit 3 consists of a smooth shank 32 and a threaded portion 31 similar to that of the locking pin 9.

[0045] During the surgery, the sleeve 4 is inserted into the left guide hole 111 or the right guide hole 112, and then the lesser trochanter drill bit 3 is inserted into the sleeve 4. The upper end of the drill bit 3 is connected to a power tool. Guided by the left guide hole 111 or the right guide hole 112, the drill bit 3 travels towards the lesser trochanter via the sleeve 4, and, driven by the power tool, drills a hole in the femur through the lower end of the drill bit 3. When the drill bit 3 drills to... Figure 6 When positioned as shown, the step surface 34 at the protrusion 33 in the middle of the drill bit abuts against the lateral cortex of the femur (in... Figure 6 The drill bit, located on the upper side of the femur, has its smooth shaft 32 penetrating the cortex and entering the femur. The threaded portion 31 of the drill bit drills into the medial lesser trochanter cortex. Driven by a power tool, the drill bit continues to rotate, thus using the threaded portion 31 to pull the fractured lesser trochanter laterally (i.e., towards the femur). Figure 6(Upward direction) to reposition the minor trochanter.

[0046] Then retract drill bit 3 and insert tool 8 into sleeve 4. (As follows) Figure 7 As shown, one end of tool 8 carries a locking pin 9, which, guided by the sleeve 4 through the left guide hole 111 or the right guide hole 112, moves towards the small trochanter and is screwed into the drilled reset hole to fix the reset small trochanter. Afterwards, tool 8 and sleeve 4 are withdrawn, and the reset and fixed small trochanter is as shown... Figure 8 As shown.

[0047] While some embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the general concept and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A sight, characterized in that The aiming device (1) comprises a guide hole (12) for aiming an intramedullary nail (5) of a femur, and a guide hole (11) for aiming a tuberosity (6) of the femur; the aiming device is configured to be removably connected to a handle (2); wherein the guide hole (11) for aiming the tuberosity (6) of the femur comprises a left guide hole (111) and a right guide hole (112) for aiming the tuberosity of the left and right femur, respectively; the left and right guide holes (111, 112) are adapted to have a sleeve inserted therein to guide it towards the tuberosity.

2. The sight of claim 1, wherein, The left and right guide holes (111, 112) are oriented so that an insert inserted therein towards the femur does not interfere with the intramedullary nail (5) arranged inside the femur.

3. The sight of claim 2, wherein, The left and right guide holes (111, 112) meet inside the aiming device (1) and have a common outlet (113).

4. The sight according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that The left and right guide holes (111, 112) are oriented so that their central axes form an angle of 4-12 degrees with respect to the longitudinal central plane of the aiming device.

5. A sight, characterized in that The aiming device comprises a handle (2) and an aiming device (1) according to any one of claims 1-4 connected to the handle (2).

6. A tuberosity treatment device characterized by comprising: The tuberosity treatment device comprises an aiming device according to claim 5 and a drill bit (3) guided in the guide hole (11) for tuberosity of the aiming device (1) of the aiming device.

7. The burl treatment device of claim 6, wherein, The drill bit (3) comprises a threaded portion (31) at its end close to the femur, a rod portion (32) adjacent to the threaded portion, and a protrusion (33) provided on the other side of the rod portion (32) opposite to the threaded portion (31), the protrusion (33) having an outer diameter greater than that of the rod portion (32) to form a step surface (34) facing the rod portion (32).

8. An apparatus for treating tuberosities according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that It also comprises a sleeve (4) adapted to be inserted into and guided by the guide hole (11) for tuberosity, wherein the drill bit (3) is adapted to be inserted into and guided by the sleeve (4) towards the tuberosity.

9. The burl treatment device of claim 8, wherein, It also comprises a tool (8) for screwing a locking pin (9) into the tuberosity, the tool (8) being adapted to be inserted into and guided by the sleeve (4) towards the tuberosity.

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