A method for monitoring road ice accumulation

Abstract

The present invention discloses a road ice accumulation monitoring method, which belongs to the technical field of road monitoring. The specific method comprises: step one: setting a road ice accumulation and water accumulation sensor, which is marked as a monitoring sensor; step two: obtaining a road section where road ice accumulation and water accumulation monitoring is required, and determining a monitoring area; step three: staking out according to the set monitoring area, obtaining the staking out area, and selecting monitoring points within the staking out area; step four: installing the monitoring sensor at the monitoring point, and making corresponding marks in a road model; step five: obtaining the monitoring results of each monitoring sensor in real time, and displaying them in real time in the road model; by utilizing the transmission consistency and strong anti-interference ability of microwaves, the monitoring sensor is installed on the road surface, the monitoring sensor and the surface temperature can be kept consistent, and the road surface condition can be truly judged; by adding a high-precision temperature sensor, the initial conditions for judging ice accumulation can be defined, which greatly reduces the false alarm rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of road monitoring, and in particular relates to a method for monitoring road ice accumulation. Background Art

[0002] In winter, when ice and water accumulate on highways and roads due to weather conditions, the road surface becomes slippery. This increases braking distances for vehicles and makes serious traffic accidents such as rear-end collisions and chain reactions more likely to occur. Currently, traffic management departments lack a method for monitoring road ice accumulation, water accumulation, ice thickness, and road slip coefficient, making it impossible to monitor road conditions online in real time. Therefore, the present invention provides a road ice monitoring method to address the technical problem of existing highway and roadway ice and water accumulation monitoring, which makes it difficult to monitor ice and water accumulation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the above solutions, the present invention provides a road ice accumulation monitoring method.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for monitoring road ice accumulation, the specific method comprising:

[0006] Step 1: Set up the road ice and water accumulation sensor, marked as a monitoring sensor;

[0007] Step 2: Obtain the road sections that require road ice and water monitoring and determine the monitoring area;

[0008] Step 3: Stake out the monitoring area according to the set area, obtain the stakeout area, and select monitoring points within the stakeout area;

[0009] Step 4: Install monitoring sensors at monitoring points and mark them accordingly in the road model;

[0010] Step 5: Obtain the monitoring results of each monitoring sensor in real time and display them in real time in the road model.

[0011] Furthermore, the structure of the monitoring sensor is composed of: a shell, a transmission wire, an insulating waterproof resin and a microwave generating and temperature acquisition module. The shell is provided with two upper and lower installation chambers, namely a first installation chamber located above and a second installation chamber located below. A number of through grooves are provided on the top surface of the shell, and the through grooves are connected to the first installation chamber. The microwave generating and temperature acquisition module is fixedly connected in the second installation chamber; the first installation chamber is fixedly connected with a transmission wire, and the transmission wire is connected to the microwave generating module, and insulating waterproof resin is injected under the transmission wire.

[0012] Furthermore, the monitoring sensor utilizes the transmission consistency and strong anti-interference ability of microwaves to monitor ice and water accumulation on the road surface. The working method includes:

[0013] Generate microwaves through a microwave generating module and transmit them on a transmission wire, obtain the propagation speed of the microwaves on the transmission wire, and calculate the dielectric constant ε of the current transmission wire based on the obtained microwave transmission speed;

[0014] Acquire the collected temperature of the temperature acquisition module in real time, set a preset temperature, and compare the acquired collected temperature with the preset temperature. When the collected temperature Te < 0.4°C and 5 > dielectric constant ε > 4, the current road surface is judged to be ice-accumulated. When 45 < dielectric constant ε < 80, the current road surface is judged to be water-accumulated.

[0015] Furthermore, the method for determining the monitoring area includes:

[0016] The road sections that need to be monitored for road ice and water accumulation are marked as monitoring sections, and a monitoring section information map is obtained. A road model is established based on the obtained monitoring section information map; the interval interval of the monitoring area is obtained, and the corresponding initial monitoring area is set in the road model. The center coordinates of the initial monitoring area are identified, and the identified center coordinates are marked in the road model. The corresponding monitoring area is determined based on the current road model and marked in the road model.

[0017] Furthermore, the road model is a three-dimensional data model.

[0018] Furthermore, the method for determining the corresponding monitoring area based on the current road model includes:

[0019] Identify the elevation data of the road surface of the monitoring section, mark the center line of the road in the road model, calculate the average elevation of the road surface of the monitoring section based on the center line, draw an elevation curve based on the calculated average elevation, and replace the center line of the road with the elevation curve; obtain the design elevation data of the monitoring section, mark the curve section in the elevation curve that is lower than the corresponding design elevation as a low-lying section, integrate the elevation curve, interval interval and the center coordinates of the initial monitoring area into the section analysis data, establish a section analysis model, analyze the section analysis data through the section analysis model, obtain the corresponding candidate monitoring area, integrate the candidate areas with conflicting attributes into a screening set, prioritize the candidate monitoring areas in the screening set, obtain the corresponding monitoring area, and mark the obtained monitoring area accordingly in the road model.

[0020] Furthermore, the method for prioritizing the candidate monitoring areas in the screening set includes:

[0021] Mark the candidate monitoring areas as i, where i = 1, 2, ..., n, and n is a positive integer; obtain the lowest point elevation of each candidate monitoring area, mark it as GDi, set the reference elevation, mark the reference elevation as CG, obtain the area of ​​each candidate monitoring area whose elevation is lower than the reference elevation, mark it as CMi, calculate the priority value of each candidate monitoring area according to the formula Qi = b1×(GDi-CG)+b2×CMi, sort them according to the calculated priority values, and select the candidate monitoring area that ranks first as the monitoring area.

[0022] Furthermore, the road section analysis model is established based on a CNN network or a DNN network.

[0023] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: by utilizing the transmission consistency and strong anti-interference ability of microwaves, the monitoring sensor is installed on the road surface, the monitoring sensor and the surface temperature can be kept consistent, and the road condition can be truly judged; by adding a high-precision temperature sensor, the initial conditions for ice accumulation judgment can be defined, greatly reducing the false alarm rate; the present invention fills the gap in automatic monitoring of road ice and water accumulation, and utilizes the low energy consumption, high stability and accurate precision of the monitoring sensor to provide assistance for road maintenance monitoring and early warning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 Flow chart of the method of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring sensor structure of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. Transmission wire; 2. Insulation waterproof resin; 3. Microwave generation and temperature acquisition module; 4. Housing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 2As shown, a road ice monitoring method includes:

[0030] Step 1: Set up the road ice and water accumulation sensor, marked as a monitoring sensor;

[0031] The structure of the monitoring sensor is composed of: a shell 4, a transmission wire 1, an insulating waterproof resin 2 and a microwave generating and temperature collecting module 3. The shell 4 can be made of aviation aluminum shell, or other materials with the same function; the size of the shell can be 8cm*8cm; the shell 4 is provided with two upper and lower installation chambers, namely the first installation chamber located on the upper side and the second installation chamber located on the lower side. The top surface of the shell 4 is provided with a plurality of through grooves, which are connected to the first installation chamber. The second installation chamber is fixedly connected with the microwave generating and temperature collecting module 3. The microwave generating and temperature collecting module 3 is a general term for the microwave generating module and the temperature collecting module. For the convenience of corresponding display in the accompanying drawings, not one module has the functions of microwave and temperature collecting at the same time. However, if there is a common module in the prior art to realize its functions, it can also be replaced; the first installation chamber is fixedly connected with the transmission wire 1, which is connected to the microwave generating module, and the insulating waterproof resin 2 is injected under the transmission wire 1 to prevent water from entering the second installation chamber, causing the microwave generating and temperature collecting module 3 to malfunction;

[0032] The monitoring sensor utilizes the transmission consistency and strong anti-interference ability of microwaves to monitor ice and water accumulation on the road surface. The working method includes:

[0033] Microwaves are generated by a microwave generating module, illustratively, the generated microwaves are 400 MHz microwaves; and the microwaves are transmitted on the transmission wire 1 to obtain the propagation speed of the microwaves on the transmission wire 1. The dielectric constant ε of the current transmission wire 1 is calculated based on the obtained microwave transmission speed. This is because when the transmission wire 1 is covered with ice or water, the change in the dielectric constant will affect the microwave transmission speed.

[0034] The collected temperature of the temperature acquisition module is obtained in real time. The temperature acquisition module is an existing high-precision temperature sensor. It is selected according to actual needs and a preset temperature is set, generally 0.4°C. The collected temperature is compared with the preset temperature. When the collected temperature Te is less than 0.4°C and 5> dielectric constant ε>4, the current road surface is judged to be ice-accumulated; when 45< dielectric constant ε<80, the current road surface is judged to be water-accumulated.

[0035] How to calculate the microwave transmission speed and the dielectric constant ε of the transmission conductor 1 according to the microwave transmission speed can be realized by existing technologies, so they will not be described in detail.

[0036] By utilizing the transmission consistency and strong anti-interference properties of microwaves, monitoring sensors are installed on the road surface. The monitoring sensors can maintain consistency with the surface temperature, and the road condition can be accurately judged. By adding a high-precision temperature sensor, the initial conditions for judging ice accumulation can be defined, greatly reducing the false alarm rate. The present invention fills the gap in automatic monitoring of road ice and water accumulation, and utilizes the low energy consumption, high stability and accurate precision of the monitoring sensor to provide assistance for road maintenance monitoring and early warning.

[0037] Step 2: Obtain the road sections that require road ice and water monitoring and determine the monitoring area;

[0038] Methods for determining monitoring areas include:

[0039] The road sections requiring road ice and water accumulation monitoring are marked as monitoring sections. A monitoring section information map is obtained, i.e., a drawing representing the monitoring section information, such as a surveying map or construction drawing representing the current monitoring section information. A road model is established based on the obtained monitoring section information map. The road model is a three-dimensional data model built based on current modeling software and is used to intuitively display road information. The interval of the monitoring area is obtained. The interval is the range within which a monitoring point is required to be set based on road monitoring requirements or needs for installing monitoring sensors. The corresponding initial monitoring area is set in the three-dimensional data model. The initial monitoring area is set based on the starting point and end point of the monitoring section. Generally, a monitoring area is required for both the starting point and the end point, which can be adjusted according to actual needs. The center coordinates of the initial monitoring area are identified. The initial monitoring area is generally rectangular, with a width equal to the road width and a length determined by an expert group based on road specifications. The monitoring area is mainly used to correspond to the monitoring point range. When installing monitoring sensors, the corresponding location area can be quickly determined, accelerating installation progress and efficiency. The identified center coordinates are marked in the road model. The corresponding monitoring area is determined based on the current road model and marked in the road model.

[0040] The method for determining the corresponding monitoring area based on the current road model includes:

[0041] Identify the elevation data of the road surface of the monitoring section, mark the center line of the road in the road model, that is, the center line of the monitoring section, calculate the average elevation of the road surface of the monitoring section based on the center line, that is, calculate the average elevation in the width direction based on the center point, draw an elevation curve according to the calculated average elevation, and replace the center line of the road with the elevation curve; obtain the design elevation data of the monitoring section, mark the curve section below the corresponding design elevation in the elevation curve as a low-lying section, integrate the center coordinates of the elevation curve, the interval interval and the initial monitoring area into the section analysis data, establish a section analysis model, analyze the section analysis data through the section analysis model, obtain the corresponding candidate monitoring area, and integrate the candidate areas with conflicting attributes into a screening set. For example, there are 5 candidate monitoring areas with conflicting attributes, that is, select one from these 5 candidate monitoring areas as a monitoring area, then these 5 candidate monitoring areas have conflicting attributes; prioritize the candidate monitoring areas in the screening set, obtain the corresponding monitoring areas, and mark the obtained monitoring areas accordingly in the road model.

[0042] The road section analysis model is established based on the CNN network or the DNN network, and the corresponding training set is established based on the road section analysis data for training. The specific establishment and training process is common knowledge in this field and will not be described in detail.

[0043] Methods for prioritizing candidate monitoring areas in the screening set include:

[0044] Mark the monitoring area to be selected as i, where i = 1, 2, ..., n, and n is a positive integer; obtain the lowest point elevation of each monitoring area to be selected, mark it as GDi, set the reference elevation, and the reference elevation is set according to the elevation curve, such as the average elevation of the elevation curve can be selected; mark the reference elevation as CG, obtain the area of ​​each monitoring area whose elevation is lower than the reference elevation, mark it as CMi, calculate the priority value of each monitoring area to be selected according to the formula Qi = b1×(GDi-CG)+b2×CMi, sort them according to the calculated priority value, and select the monitoring area with the highest ranking as the monitoring area.

[0045] Step 3: Stake out the monitoring area according to the set area, obtain the stakeout area, and select monitoring points within the stakeout area;

[0046] According to the existing stakeout methods and tools, it is possible to obtain the corresponding stakeout area according to the coordinates of the monitoring area. Due to various reasons during the road construction process, the roadside is not absolutely flat and there will be certain ups and downs, even in a small area within the stakeout area. Therefore, the specific monitoring point requires the installer to select a location in the stakeout area as the monitoring point, and at the same time consider the impact on traffic during the installation process, and set it according to the actual installation situation. Because the corresponding stakeout area has been determined, there will be no phenomenon of excessive deviation in the setting of the monitoring point. By combining the two, the installation efficiency is improved, unnecessary data processing is reduced, and the impact on traffic during the installation process is reduced.

[0047] Step 4: Install monitoring sensors at monitoring points and mark them accordingly in the road model;

[0048] Step 5: Obtain the monitoring results of each monitoring sensor in real time and display them in real time in the road model.

[0049] The above formulas are all calculated by removing dimensions and taking their numerical values. The formula is a formula that is closest to the actual situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters and preset thresholds in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions or obtained by simulating a large amount of data.

[0050] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical method of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical method of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical method of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring road ice accumulation, characterized in that: Specific methods include: Step 1: Set up the road ice and water accumulation sensor, marked as a monitoring sensor; Step 2: Obtain the road sections that require road ice and water monitoring and determine the monitoring area; Step 3: Stake out the monitoring area according to the set area, obtain the stakeout area, and select monitoring points within the stakeout area; Step 4: Install monitoring sensors at monitoring points and mark them accordingly in the road model; Step 5: Obtain the monitoring results of each monitoring sensor in real time and display them in real time on the road model; Methods for determining monitoring areas include: Mark the road sections that need to be monitored for road ice and water accumulation as monitoring sections, obtain a monitoring section information map, and establish a road model based on the obtained monitoring section information map; obtain the interval interval of the monitoring area, set the corresponding initial monitoring area in the road model, identify the center coordinates of the initial monitoring area, mark the identified center coordinates in the road model, determine the corresponding monitoring area based on the current road model, and mark it in the road model; The method for determining the corresponding monitoring area based on the current road model includes: Identify the elevation data of the road surface of the monitoring section, mark the center line of the road in the road model, calculate the average elevation of the road surface of the monitoring section based on the center line, draw an elevation curve based on the calculated average elevation, and replace the center line of the road with the elevation curve; obtain the design elevation data of the monitoring section, mark the curve section in the elevation curve that is lower than the corresponding design elevation as a low-lying section, integrate the elevation curve, the interval interval and the center coordinates of the initial monitoring area into the section analysis data, establish a section analysis model, analyze the section analysis data through the section analysis model, obtain the corresponding candidate monitoring area, integrate the candidate areas with conflicting attributes into a screening set, prioritize the candidate monitoring areas in the screening set, obtain the corresponding monitoring area, and mark the obtained monitoring area accordingly in the road model; Methods for prioritizing candidate monitoring areas in the screening set include: Mark the selected monitoring area as i, where i=1, 2, ..., n, and n is a positive integer; obtain the lowest point elevation of each selected monitoring area, marked as GDi, set the reference elevation, mark the reference elevation as CG, obtain the area of ​​each selected monitoring area with an elevation lower than the reference elevation, marked as CMi, according to the formula: Calculate the priority value of each candidate monitoring area, sort them according to the calculated priority value, and select the candidate monitoring area with the highest ranking as the monitoring area.

2. A road ice monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring sensor is structurally composed of: a housing (4), a transmission wire (1), an insulating waterproof resin (2) and a microwave generating and temperature collecting module (3); the housing (4) is provided with two upper and lower installation chambers, namely a first installation chamber located at the upper side and a second installation chamber located at the lower side; a plurality of through slots are provided on the top surface of the housing (4), the through slots are connected to the first installation chamber, the microwave generating and temperature collecting module (3) is fixedly connected in the second installation chamber; the first installation chamber is fixedly connected with a transmission wire (1), the transmission wire (1) is connected to the microwave generating module, and the insulating waterproof resin (2) is injected below the transmission wire (1).

3. A road ice monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The monitoring sensor uses microwaves to monitor ice and water accumulation on the road surface, and the working method includes: Generate microwaves through a microwave generating module and transmit them on a transmission conductor (1), obtain a propagation speed of the microwaves on the transmission conductor (1), and calculate a dielectric constant ε of the current transmission conductor (1) based on the obtained microwave transmission speed; Acquire the collected temperature of the temperature acquisition module in real time, set a preset temperature, and compare the acquired collected temperature with the preset temperature. When the collected temperature Te < 0.4 ° C, and 5 > dielectric constant ε > 4, the current road surface is judged to be ice-accumulated; when 45 < dielectric constant ε < 80, the current road surface is judged to be water-accumulated.

4. A road ice monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The road model is a three-dimensional data model.

5. The method for monitoring road icing according to claim 1, wherein: The road section analysis model is established based on the CNN network or the DNN network.

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