Magnetic Levitation Outer Rotor High-Speed Rotating Electromagnetic Equipment

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of electric traction drive, and specifically provides a maglev outer-rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment. The equipment includes: 1) an induction motor, which includes an outer rotor and an inner stator winding; 2) a maglev part, which is configured on the outer rotor and can provide axial and radial electromagnetic constraints for the outer rotor; and 3) a plurality of contact blocks, which are arranged on the outer rotor in an equally spaced manner along the circumferential direction of the outer rotor, so as to: form a current loop through the outer rotor by applying exciting current in adjacent contact blocks. Based on the maglev outer-rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment of the present invention, a scientific test platform can be constructed in a laboratory environment. After equivalently reconstructing the actual extreme operating conditions of the armature and the track in a super-high-speed and large-current electromagnetic rail launch device, the linear motion can be approximately converted into a rotational motion to overcome the limitation of the test site for the outer rotor and the unit friction pair.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of electric traction transmission, and in particular relates to a magnetic floating outer rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment. Background Art

[0002] The ultra-high-speed, high-current electromagnetic rail launcher is a device that converts electromagnetic energy into mechanical kinetic energy to enable the launch payload carried on it to achieve high-speed movement. It has the advantages of high initial velocity, long range, great power, strong controllability and no muzzle flame. Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the ultra-high-speed and large-current electromagnetic rail launcher is shown, which mainly includes a guide rail 01, a cooling channel 02, an inner ballistic 03 and an armature 04. At present, under the complex conditions of extreme impact and multi-field coupling, the physical mechanism of the electrical circuit parameters of the armature and the track (the aforementioned guide rail) in the ultra-high-speed and large-current electromagnetic rail launcher and the sliding friction characteristics between the two are not fully revealed, and scientific experimental data are scarce, making it difficult to form a two-way interaction and support for scientific experimental exploration and perfect theoretical establishment. The fundamental reason for the above problems is that the ultra-high speed and large current properties in the ultra-high-speed and large-current electromagnetic rail launcher are difficult to reconstruct in a laboratory environment. The difficulty in reconstruction is manifested as follows: the operating speed of the ultra-high-speed and large-current electromagnetic rail launcher is at the km / s level, resulting in a huge space required for the armature and track to construct a linear motion test platform. In addition, it is also difficult to continuously obtain data on sliding friction characteristics on a linear motion test platform. This is because the linear motion test bench requires the armature and track to be laid on a large area of ​​the ground. In addition, during operation, a very large current (MA level) will pass through the track and the armature in an extremely short time (ms level). The large current-carrying armature will produce an ultra-high movement speed (km / s level) under the action of the track magnetic field, and friction heat, Joule heat and arc heat will accumulate between the armature and the track. The extreme operating conditions result in a high material scrap rate, which makes the maintenance cost of the linear motion test platform even higher.

[0003] Accordingly, the art needs a new technical solution to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] Technical problem

[0005] The present invention is proposed to solve the above technical problems at least to a certain extent.

[0006] Technical solution

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a magnetically levitated outer-rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment, which includes: 1) an induction motor, which includes an outer rotor and an inner stator winding; 2) a magnetic levitation part, which is configured on the outer rotor and can provide axial and radial electromagnetic constraints for the outer rotor; and 3) a plurality of contact blocks, which are arranged on the outer rotor at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the outer rotor, so that: by applying exciting current in adjacent contact blocks, a current loop is formed through the outer rotor.

[0008] For the above-mentioned magnetically levitated outer-rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment, in a possible implementation manner, the magnetic levitation part includes a base, an outer cylinder is arranged on the base, a suspension area of the outer rotor is formed between the base and the outer cylinder, and a permanent magnet array is arranged on the outer cylinder and / or the base.

[0009] For the above-mentioned magnetically levitated outer-rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment, in a possible implementation manner, the permanent magnet array includes a first permanent magnet array, and the first permanent magnet array includes a plurality of tile-shaped permanent magnets arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylinder.

[0010] For the above-mentioned magnetically levitated outer-rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment, in a possible implementation manner, the permanent magnet array includes a second permanent magnet array, and the second permanent magnet array includes a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the base close to the induction motor side.

[0011] In this way, when the induction motor rotates at a high speed, the suspension of the outer rotor is realized by relying on the electro-dynamic suspension force between the first permanent magnet array on the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer rotor and the repulsive force between the second permanent magnet array on the base and the outer rotor.

[0012] Since the electro-dynamic suspension force is related to the rotational speed of the induction motor. Specifically, the smaller the rotational speed, the smaller the electro-dynamic suspension force. Therefore, when the induction motor rotates at a low speed, due to insufficient electro-dynamic suspension force, at this time, the suspension of the outer rotor is mainly realized by relying on the repulsive force between the second permanent magnet array on the base and the outer rotor. For the above-mentioned magnetically levitated outer-rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment, in a possible implementation manner, a plain bearing is arranged at a position close to the middle of the base, and a plurality of permanent magnets in the second permanent magnet array are arranged on the base in a manner of surrounding the outside of the plain bearing.

[0013] In the initial operating condition where the induction motor has a low rotational speed and the suspension force is not sufficient to suspend the outer rotor, in order to avoid mechanical contact (and thus wear) between the outer rotor and the second permanent magnet array, a plain bearing is used to support the outer rotor.

[0014] For the above-mentioned maglev outer-rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment, in a possible implementation manner, the equipment further includes a pressure sensor, wherein the pressure sensor is disposed on a side of the contact block away from the outer rotor to measure the pressure received by the contact block.

[0015] For the above-mentioned maglev outer-rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment, in a possible implementation manner, the equipment includes a linear motor, and the linear motor is connected to the contact block through a connecting shaft to adjust the contact pressure between the contact block and the outer rotor.

[0016] For the above-mentioned maglev outer-rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment, in a possible implementation manner, the linear motor is a tubular permanent magnet linear motor.

[0017] For the above-mentioned maglev outer-rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment, in a possible implementation manner, the equipment includes a frequency converter. On the one hand, the frequency converter is connected to the inner stator winding of the induction motor to realize the variable-speed operation of the induction motor by adjusting the power of the induction motor. On the other hand, the frequency converter is respectively connected to the pressure sensor and the linear motor to form a closed loop to adjust the rotation speed of the linear motor.

[0018] For the above-mentioned maglev outer-rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment, in a possible implementation manner, the equipment includes an infrared sensor, and the infrared sensor is used to measure the rotation speed of the outer rotor of the induction motor.

[0019] Technical effect

[0020] Based on the principle of equivalent reconstruction, the maglev outer-rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment of the present invention constructs a scientific test platform in a laboratory environment. After the actual extreme operating conditions of the armature and the track in the ultra-high-speed large-current electromagnetic rail launch device are equivalently reconstructed, the linear motion can be approximately converted into a rotational motion to overcome the limitation of the test of the outer rotor and the unit friction pair on the test site. Moreover, it is convenient to obtain the influence of parameters such as different sliding friction clearances, contact pressures, interfacial properties, operating postures, and armature currents on the electrical circuit parameters and friction and wear characteristics, as well as other important performance indicators such as arcs and instantaneous temperature rises. Through the equivalent conversion of the unit friction pair at ultra-high speeds and ultra-large currents in multiple postures, it can provide scientific data support for revealing the ultra-high-speed large-current sliding friction law of the electromagnetic rail launch device.

[0021] Meanwhile, the maglev outer-rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment of the present invention uses a combination of an induction motor and magnetic levitation to ensure the ultra-high-speed and stable rotation of the outer rotor, avoiding phenomena such as vibration, instability, and accuracy change during high-speed operation of the traditional motor drive system due to mechanical components such as bearings and couplings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The front engine compartment structure of the vehicle of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a super-high-speed and large-current electromagnetic rail launch device is shown;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of the maglev outer-rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of the maglev outer-rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of the maglev outer-rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown Figure 3 .

[0027] List of reference signs

[0028] 01, guide rail; 02, cooling channel; 03, interior ballistics; 04, armature;

[0029] 100, maglev outer-rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment; 1, induction motor; 11, outer rotor; 12, inner stator winding; 2, base; 21, planar bearing; 22, second permanent magnet array; 3, outer cylinder; 31, first permanent magnet array; 4, contact block; 5, pressure sensor; 6, linear motor; 7, frequency converter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0030] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principle of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms indicating directions or positional relationships such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is only for convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The singular terms "a" and "this" may also include the plural form.

[0032] In addition, for better illustration of the present invention, numerous specific details are given in the following specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can also be implemented without some of these specific details. In some instances, the construction methods of ballastless tracks well-known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail to highlight the gist of the present invention.

[0033] Refer to Figures 2 to 4 , Figure 2 which shows the structural schematic of a maglev outer rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 , Figure 3 which shows the structural schematic of a maglev outer rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 , Figure 4 which shows the structural schematic of a maglev outer rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 . As Figures 2 to 4 shown, in a possible implementation manner, the maglev outer rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment 100 mainly includes the following parts:

[0034] (1) An induction motor 1 with a partitioned outer rotor rotating at high speed. The induction motor 1 includes an outer rotor 11 and an inner stator winding 12, and is mainly used to provide speed and torque. Among them, the outer rotor 11 is configured with a maglev part, which is mainly used to provide axial and radial electromagnetic constraints to the outer rotor 11.

[0035] In a possible implementation manner, the maglev part includes a base 2 and an outer cylinder 3. The base 2 and the outer cylinder 3 form a suspension area of the outer rotor 11. A second permanent magnet array 22 is arranged on the base 2, and a first permanent magnet array 31 is arranged on the outer cylinder 3. For example, the first permanent magnet array includes a plurality of tile-shaped permanent magnets arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 3.

[0036] In this way, when the induction motor 1 rotates at a high speed, the suspension force of the outer rotor at this time consists of two parts: the electrodynamic suspension force composed of the rotor suspension area and the second permanent magnet array fixed to the outer cylinder, and the repulsive suspension force composed of the outer rotor and the first permanent magnet array fixed to the base. That is: In this way, when the induction motor rotates at a high speed, the suspension of the outer rotor is achieved by relying on the electrodynamic suspension force between the first permanent magnet array and the outer rotor and the repulsive force between the second permanent magnet array and the outer rotor. Since the electrodynamic suspension force is related to rotation, the smaller the rotation, the smaller the electrodynamic suspension force. Therefore, when the induction motor 1 rotates at a low speed, the suspension force of the outer rotor mainly relies on the second permanent magnet array fixed to the base and the plain bearing to achieve the suspension of the outer rotor.

[0037] (2) The unit friction pair current-carrying device includes a plurality of contact blocks 4 arranged circumferentially along the outer rotor 11 at equal intervals. By applying an exciting current in adjacent contact blocks 4, an electric current loop is formed through the outer rotor 11. For example, in this embodiment, four contact blocks 4 are evenly distributed on the outer side of the outer rotor 11, so that it is expected to achieve four-point simultaneous precise loading in combination with the linear motor 6 described below.

[0038] (3) The pressure sensor 5 is fixed to the outer side of the contact block 4 and is used to measure the change in the pressure value received by the contact block 4.

[0039] (4) The linear motor 6 is connected to the contact block 4 through a connecting shaft and is used to adjust the contact pressure between the contact block 4 and the outer rotor 11, so as to achieve four-point simultaneous precise loading at equal intervals on the outer rotor 11. In this embodiment, the linear motor 6 is a tubular permanent magnet linear motor 6.

[0040] (5) The frequency converter 7 is connected to the inner stator winding 12 of the induction motor 1 on the one hand to adjust the power of the induction motor 1 and achieve variable-speed operation of the induction motor 1. On the other hand, it is connected to the pressure sensor 5 and the linear motor 6 respectively to form a closed loop for adjusting the contact pressure between the contact block 4 and the outer rotor 11.

[0041] (6) The infrared speed sensor is mainly used to measure the rotational speed of the outer rotor 11 of the induction motor.

[0042] Based on the above structure, the following data can be obtained:

[0043] (1) The rotational speed of the outer rotor of the induction motor:

[0044] For example, uneven grooves can be opened on the wall of the outer rotor 11 of the induction motor 1, and an infrared sensor is used for irradiation and detection of the reflected light to form a pulse signal. By counting the pulses within a certain period of time, the rotational speed of the outer rotor 11 of the induction motor can be calculated.

[0045] (2) Current:

[0046] In the electro-magnetic levitation type outer rotor 11 high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment of the present invention, the loaded current is usually at the level of several hundred kA, and the current rise time is usually at the level of several hundred μs. Therefore, an ultra-high-speed energy conversion device is required to apply the experimental current. In this embodiment, in order to measure the contact current, for example, two-stage current transformers can be used to detect the current. The first-stage current transformer is LMZJ1-0.5, the current ratio is 1000 / 5, and the rated voltage is 0.5 KV. A single-chip microcomputer is used for processing. The single-chip microcomputer cannot directly process large current signals. Therefore, the current transformer TA1420-01 is used to output a current of 5 mA to control the voltage signal within 5 V to process the current signal for easy detection by the single-chip microcomputer signal.

[0047] (3) Initial pressure:

[0048] The initial pressure loaded on the contact block 4 comes from the precise loading of the cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor 6. The pressure sensor 5 is attached to the contact block 4 to collect the signal of the initial pressure loaded on the contact block 4. The signal is output to the operating table digital static instrument for display, and this value is the magnitude of the applied initial pressure.

[0049] In order to analyze and study the contact characteristics of the unit friction pair current-carrying device, starting from the main factors affecting the current-carrying characteristics and friction and wear characteristics of the armature and the track under high-speed current-carrying conditions, the laws of the influence of contact pressure, sliding speed, and contact current on the current-carrying characteristics and friction and wear characteristics are respectively studied. By changing the above three parameters, all functions of the magnetic levitation outer rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment can be comprehensively tested.

[0050] Based on this, the magnetic levitation outer rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment of the present invention can comprehensively test the sliding friction characteristics between the outer rotor 11 and the unit friction pair, mainly used to obtain the change laws of the electrical, magnetic, force, and thermal characteristics of the outer rotor 11 and the unit friction pair under multi-posture working conditions, providing scientific data support for further revealing the ultra-high-speed large current-carrying sliding friction law of the electromagnetic track launch device. This equipment can comprehensively test the influence of parameters such as different sliding friction gaps, contact pressures, interface shapes, operating postures, and armature currents on the electrical circuit parameters and friction and wear characteristics in a laboratory environment. And because this equipment can change the linear motion under actual working conditions into rotational motion, it overcomes the problem of the difficulty in reconstructing the ultra-high-speed and large current-carrying attributes of the electromagnetic track launch device in a laboratory environment. Therefore, this device can be used for the equivalent test and measurement of the sliding friction characteristics of the ultra-high-speed large current-carrying electromagnetic track launch device.

[0051] It can be seen that the magnetic levitation outer rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment of this embodiment has the following advantages:

[0052] (1) The annular drum performs high-speed rotation and comprehensive test conditions, which solves the problem of the huge space required to build a linear motion test platform between the armature and the track.

[0053] Specifically, the magnetic levitation outer rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment generally produces strong vibrations when running at high speed, and the current-carrying test has very high requirements for the smoothness of operation. Even slight vibrations will cause fluctuations in the contact of the friction pair, thus leading to abnormal arc discharge and severe wear. At the same time, the parts must have high dynamic balance performance under high-speed conditions, and the transmission components must have relatively high rigidity and stability. In view of this, the magnetic levitation outer rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment of the present invention adopts a side-loaded structural layout, the overall height of the equipment is small, the center of gravity is low, the body of the equipment is not easy to shake during vibration, and the operation is more stable; the various transmission components of the equipment are easy to install and can be firmly fixed on the base; the equipment adopts a side-loading method, and the radial force is very small, so it is beneficial to improve the rotation accuracy of the equipment and reduce the overall vibration amplitude of the equipment.

[0054] (2) By using a cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor 6 as the driving system and cooperating with a plurality of contact blocks 4 distributed at equal intervals, the aortic dynamic load can be accurately loaded onto the plurality of contact blocks 4 simultaneously, thus ensuring the rapid implementation, accurate application and smooth output of the contact pressure during the test.

[0055] (3) High-speed, contactless support of the outer rotor 11 is achieved by means of magnetic suspension, thereby avoiding vibration, instability, and precision changes of the outer rotor 11 during high-speed operation due to the presence of mechanical support methods such as bearings.

[0056] So far, the technical scheme of the present invention has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical schemes after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention. For example, the present invention is an improved example of the longitudinal connecting plate of the ballastless track on the roadbed. In fact, the same principle also applies to different sections of the line such as bridges and tunnels.

Claims

1. A magnetic levitation outer rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment, characterized in that, the equipment includes: 1) An induction motor, which includes an outer rotor and an inner stator winding, 2) A magnetic levitation part, which is arranged on the outer rotor and can provide axial and radial electromagnetic constraints for the outer rotor; and 3) A plurality of contact blocks, which are arranged on the outer rotor in an equally spaced manner along the circumferential direction of the outer rotor, so that: By applying exciting current in adjacent contact blocks, a current loop is formed through the outer rotor.

2. The magnetic levitation outer rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, the magnetic levitation part includes a base, an outer cylinder is arranged on the base, the base and the outer cylinder form a suspension area of the outer rotor, and a permanent magnet array is arranged on the outer cylinder and / or the base.

3. The magnetic levitation outer rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, the permanent magnet array includes a first permanent magnet array, and the first permanent magnet array includes a plurality of tile-shaped permanent magnets arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylinder.

4. The magnetic levitation outer rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, the permanent magnet array includes a second permanent magnet array, and the second permanent magnet array includes a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the base close to the induction motor side.

5. The magnetic levitation outer rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, a plain bearing is arranged at a position close to the middle of the base, and a plurality of permanent magnets in the second permanent magnet array are arranged on the base in a manner surrounding the outside of the plain bearing.

6. The magnetic levitation outer rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, the equipment further includes a pressure sensor, wherein, the pressure sensor is arranged on the side of the contact block away from the outer rotor to measure the pressure received by the contact block.

7. The magnetic levitation outer rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, the equipment includes a linear motor, and the linear motor is connected to the contact block through a connecting shaft to adjust the contact pressure between the contact block and the outer rotor.

8. The magnetic levitation outer rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, the linear motor is a tubular permanent magnet linear motor.

9. The magnetic levitation outer rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, the equipment includes an inverter, wherein, on the first hand, the inverter is connected to the inner stator winding of the induction motor to realize the variable speed operation of the induction motor by adjusting the power of the induction motor, wherein, on the second hand, the inverter is respectively connected to the pressure sensor and the linear motor to form a closed loop to adjust the contact pressure between the contact block and the outer rotor.

10. The magnetic levitation outer rotor type high-speed rotating electromagnetic equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, the equipment includes an infrared sensor, and the infrared sensor is used to measure the rotational speed of the outer rotor of the induction motor.

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