Double-cutting-table crop harvester

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of harvesters, and specifically to a double-cutting-table crop harvester. The harvester comprises a harvester body, a double-cutting table, and a lifting mechanism arranged between the harvester body and the double-cutting table. A transverse movement mechanism is arranged between the lifting mechanism and the harvester body. The transverse movement mechanism comprises a fixed frame fixedly connected to the harvester body, support plates are arranged on both sides of the fixed frame, and a driving gear is arranged on one side of one of the support plates. A lead screw is arranged between the support plates on both sides of the fixed frame, a driven gear is arranged at one end of the lead screw, and the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear. A limit rod is arranged in the middle of the fixed plate, and a transverse movement frame is slidably connected to the limit rod. The transverse movement frame is provided with a thread hole matching the lead screw, and a mounting plate for installing the lifting mechanism is fixedly connected to the end of the transverse movement frame away from the fixed frame. The transverse movement of the double-cutting table is realized, so that the crops on the edge of the irrigation channel can be harvested even if it is far away from the irrigation channel, and the transverse movement mechanism can realize a certain pile-circling function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of harvesters, and in particular to a double-cutting-table crop harvester. Background Art

[0002] During the harvesting process of crops such as corn, general harvesting equipment collects corn cobs or corn stalks separately. However, if corn is used as feed for cattle and sheep, general harvesting machinery harvests corn cobs and corn stalks together, which will cause certain waste; and the harvesters in the prior art can only harvest plots of a fixed width, which results in a long strip of crops to be harvested after the entire plot is harvested. This long strip of crops only needs to be harvested once more by the harvester. There is often an irrigation canal or main canal on one side of this long strip of crops. Since the harvester is heavy, driving directly over it will damage the irrigation canal or main canal, and in severe cases, it will cause it to be blocked, affecting later irrigation.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to propose an improvement to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a double-cutting-table crop harvester that can harvest corn ears and corn stalks simultaneously without mixing the ears and stalks and without damaging irrigation channels. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies, the present invention provides a double-cutting-table crop harvester.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a double-cutting-table crop harvester, comprising a harvester body, a double-cutting table and a lifting mechanism arranged between the harvester body and the double-cutting table, the double-cutting table comprising an upper cutting table and a lower cutting table, the upper cutting table comprising an upper cutting table frame and an ear picking mechanism and an ear conveying mechanism arranged on the upper cutting table frame, the lower cutting table comprising a lower cutting table frame and a stem cutting mechanism and a stem conveying device arranged on the lower cutting table frame;

[0006] A transverse mechanism is arranged between the lifting mechanism and the harvester body, and the transverse mechanism includes a fixed frame fixedly connected to the harvester body, support plates are arranged on both sides of the fixed frame, and a first driving gear is arranged on one side of one of the support plates, a lead screw is arranged between the support plates on both sides of the fixed frame, a first driven gear is arranged at one end of the lead screw, the first driving gear is meshed with the first driven gear, a limit rod is arranged in the middle of the fixed plate, a transverse frame is slidably connected to the limit rod, a wire hole matching the lead screw is arranged on the transverse frame, and an installation plate for installing the lifting mechanism is fixedly connected to one end of the transverse frame away from the fixed frame.

[0007] Furthermore, the limit rod is provided with sliding limit grooves on both the upper and lower sides, and the side of the traverse frame close to the fixed frame and the upper and lower sides are symmetrically provided with buffer grooves, and a buffer mechanism is arranged in the buffer groove, and the buffer mechanism includes a sliding limit pin slidably connected in the sliding limit groove, and a plurality of evenly distributed tension springs for connecting the traverse frame and the sliding limit pin are arranged in the buffer groove on the upper side of the traverse frame, and a plurality of evenly distributed compression springs for connecting the traverse frame and the sliding limit pin are arranged in the buffer groove on the lower side of the traverse frame. The provision of the tension spring and the compression spring can reduce the impact of the traverse mechanism on the fixed frame when it moves laterally, thereby extending the service life of the traverse device.

[0008] Furthermore, both ends of the tension spring and the compression spring are provided with anti-shear rings, which are respectively fixedly connected to the sliding stop pin and the buffer groove. The provision of the anti-shear rings prevents the tension spring and the compression spring from bending due to shear force during the lateral movement.

[0009] Furthermore, a guide wheel groove is provided in the middle of the bottom of the sliding limit groove, and a plurality of evenly distributed guide wheels are provided in the middle of the sliding limit pin, and the guide wheels are slidably connected in the guide wheel groove. The arrangement of the guide wheels and the guide wheel groove makes the lateral movement of the lateral frame smoother.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper cutting platform includes an ear picking frame and a drive box arranged on one side of the ear picking frame, the ear picking frame is provided with a plurality of ear picking rollers, the ear picking rollers include an ear picking tube body and an introduction cone and a connecting shaft head respectively arranged at both ends of the ear picking tube body, the ear picking tube body is provided with a plurality of racks in the circumferential direction, and the connecting shaft head is connected to the drive box.

[0011] Furthermore, the lower cutting table includes a reciprocating cutter, and the reciprocating cutter includes a fixed blade and a movable blade capable of reciprocating relative to the fixed blade. A person skilled in the art can use existing technology for the reciprocating cutter.

[0012] Furthermore, the first driving gear is connected to a servo motor, which can control speed and position with high accuracy and can convert voltage signals into torque and speed to drive a controlled object.

[0013] Furthermore, a distance sensor and a height sensor are arranged on one of the mounting plates, and the distance sensor and the height sensor are connected to a servo motor, and the servo motor is also connected to a control system, and the control system is located in the cab. It can be realized that both people and equipment can give instructions to go around the piles, and the crops at the edge of the irrigation canal can be harvested.

[0014] Furthermore, an ear separation box and a driving gear box are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the upper cutting table frame; a driving sprocket is provided on the driving gear box, and a driven sprocket and a transmission sprocket are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the ear separation box, the driving sprocket, the driven sprocket and the transmission sprocket are connected by an ear-moving chain, and the ear-moving chain is provided with a number of evenly distributed guide blades; a rotating device is provided between the ear separation box and the upper cutting table frame, and the rotating device includes a second driving gear coaxially arranged with the driven sprocket, a second driven gear meshing with the second driving gear, a forward bevel gear coaxial with the second driven gear and a reverse bevel gear coaxial with the forward bevel gear but not coaxial with the forward bevel gear, and the ear separation box is provided with a plurality of A reversing gear frame is provided, and a reversing bevel gear is provided on the reversing gear frame, and the reversing bevel gear is respectively meshed with the forward bevel gear and the reverse bevel gear, and the ear-dividing box is also provided with an active inner shaft and a driven outer shaft sleeved with the active inner shaft, and electromagnetic push rods and double-sided bevel gears are respectively provided at both ends of the active inner shaft, and a driving pulley is provided on the driven outer shaft, and the ear-dividing box is arc-shaped on one side close to the upper cutting table frame and is provided with steering teeth, and the upper cutting table frame is provided with a coaxially arranged driven pulley and a steering gear, and the active pulley is connected to the driven pulley through a belt, and the steering gear is meshed with the steering gear, and a protective shell is provided on the outside of the rotating device. Providing a protective shell can avoid protecting the rotating device from the influence of the external environment and avoid the mechanical jamming phenomenon caused by foreign matter.

[0015] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the angle between the two ear separation boxes ranges from 42° to 60°.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a double-cutting-table crop harvester, which adopts an independently adjustable double-layer cutting-table structure, wherein the upper cutting-table harvests the fruit ears, and the lower cutting-table harvests the stems, thereby reducing the early stage of stem breakage and grain loss, improving the quality of picking the ears, achieving smooth feeding and uniform chopping of silage stems, and being able to achieve the effect of simultaneously harvesting the fruit ears and the stems without mixing and storing the two;

[0017] The reciprocating cutter on the lower cutting table uses the moving blade to make a reciprocating shearing motion relative to the fixed blade on the blade guard to cut the plants. This cutter has good working quality, simple structure, supported cutting, does not require high cutting speed, can complete cutting of different row spacing and cutting widths, and achieves completely non-row harvesting, no missed cutting, good working quality, reliable use, and easy to meet standardized production requirements;

[0018] The setting of the transverse movement mechanism realizes the transverse movement of the double harvesting table, so that the crops on the edge of the irrigation canal can be harvested even if the harvesting table is far away from the irrigation canal. The transverse movement mechanism can also realize a certain function of bypassing the piles. When there are trees planted on the edge of the irrigation canal, the piles can be bypassed by transverse movement.

[0019] The setting of the steering device enables the crop box to harvest corns of different planting widths, with stronger adaptability and better harvesting effect;

[0020] The invention provides a double-cutting-table crop harvester, which has wide adaptability to harvesting corns with different row spacings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a double header of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the ear harvesting roller of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the transverse movement mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a top view schematic diagram of the transverse movement mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view along the A-A direction;

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of part A;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a front view schematic diagram of the ear separation box of the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the ear separation box of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.10 It is a top view schematic diagram of the ear separation box of the present invention.

[0031] Among them, 1. harvester body, 2. lifting mechanism, 3. double header, 4. fixed frame, 5. buffer mechanism, 6. rotating device, 301. upper header, 302. lower header, 303. drive box, 304. ear picking frame, 305. ear picking roller tube body, 306. introduction cone, 307. connecting shaft head, 308. rack, 309. steering gear, 401. support plate, 402. first driving gear, 403. first driven gear, 404. screw, 405. mounting plate , 406, transverse frame, 407, limit rod, 501, shear ring, 502, compression spring, 503, sliding limit pin, 504, guide wheel, 601, second driving gear, 602, second driven gear, 603, forward bevel gear, 604, reverse bevel gear, 605, reversing bevel gear, 606, double-sided bevel gear, 607, driving pulley, 608, driven pulley, 609, steering gear, 610, driving inner shaft, 611, reversing gear frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the technical means, technical features, invention objectives and technical effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below with reference to specific illustrations.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 5 , a double-cutting-table crop harvester provided by the present invention comprises a harvester body 1, a double-cutting-table 3 and a lifting mechanism 2 arranged between the harvester body 1 and the double-cutting-table 3, wherein the double-cutting-table 3 comprises an upper cutting table 301 and a lower cutting table 302, wherein the upper cutting table 301 comprises an upper cutting table 301 frame and an ear picking mechanism and an ear conveying mechanism arranged on the upper cutting table 301 frame, and the lower cutting table 302 comprises a lower cutting table 302 frame and a stem cutting mechanism and a stem conveying device arranged on the lower cutting table 302 frame;

[0035] A transverse movement mechanism is arranged between the lifting mechanism 2 and the harvester body 1, and the transverse movement mechanism includes a fixed frame 4 fixedly connected to the harvester body 1, support plates 401 are arranged on both sides of the fixed frame 4, and a first driving gear 402 is arranged on one side of one of the support plates 401, and a lead screw 404 is arranged between the support plates 401 on both sides of the fixed frame 4, a first driven gear 403 is arranged at one end of the lead screw 404, and the first driving gear 402 is meshed with the first driven gear 403, a limiting rod 407 is arranged in the middle of the fixed plate, a transverse movement frame 406 is slidably connected to the limiting rod 407, and a wire hole matching the lead screw 404 is arranged on the transverse movement frame 406, and a mounting plate 405 for mounting the lifting mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to the end of the transverse movement frame 406 away from the fixed frame 4.

[0036] In this embodiment, the limit rod 407 is provided with sliding limit grooves on both the upper and lower sides, and the lateral frame 406 is provided with buffer grooves symmetrically on one side and the upper and lower sides close to the fixed frame 4, and a buffer mechanism 5 is provided in the buffer groove, and the buffer mechanism 5 includes a sliding limit pin 503 slidably connected in the sliding limit groove, and a plurality of evenly distributed tension springs for connecting the lateral frame 406 and the sliding limit pin 503 are provided in the buffer groove on the upper side of the lateral frame 406, and a plurality of evenly distributed compression springs 502 for connecting the lateral frame 406 and the sliding limit pin 503 are provided in the buffer groove on the lower side of the lateral frame 406. The provision of the tension spring and the compression spring 502 can reduce the impact of the lateral mechanism on the fixed frame 4 when the lateral movement occurs, thereby extending the service life of the lateral movement device.

[0037] In this embodiment, the upper cutting platform 301 includes an ear picking frame 304 and a driving box 303 arranged on one side of the ear picking frame 304, and a plurality of ear picking rollers are arranged on the ear picking frame 304. The ear picking rollers include an ear picking tube body and an introduction cone 306 and a connecting shaft head 307 respectively arranged at both ends of the ear picking tube body. A plurality of racks 308 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the ear picking tube body, and the connecting shaft head 307 is connected to the driving box 303.

[0038] In this embodiment, the lower cutting table 302 includes a reciprocating cutter, and the reciprocating cutter includes a fixed blade and a movable blade capable of reciprocating relative to the fixed blade. Those skilled in the art can use existing technology to design the reciprocating cutter.

[0039] In this embodiment, the first driving gear 402 is connected to a servo motor, which can control speed and position with high accuracy and can convert voltage signals into torque and speed to drive a controlled object.

[0040] In this embodiment, a distance sensor and a height sensor are arranged on one of the mounting plates 405, and the distance sensor and the height sensor are connected to a servo motor, and the servo motor is also connected to a control system, and the control system is located in the cab. It can be realized that both people and equipment can give instructions to go around the piles, and the crops at the edge of the irrigation channel can be harvested.

[0041] Embodiment 2:

[0042] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, different from Example 1, both ends of the tension spring and both ends of the compression spring 502 are provided with anti-shear rings 501, and are respectively fixedly connected to the sliding stop pin 503 and the buffer groove. The provision of the anti-shear ring 501 prevents the tension spring and the compression spring 502 from bending due to shear force during the lateral movement.

[0043] In this embodiment, a guide wheel groove is provided in the middle of the bottom of the sliding limit groove, and a plurality of evenly distributed guide wheels 504 are provided in the middle of the sliding limit pin 503, and the guide wheels 504 are slidably connected in the guide wheel groove. The arrangement of the guide wheels 504 and the guide wheel groove makes the lateral movement of the lateral moving frame 406 smoother.

[0044] Embodiment 3:

[0045] like Figure 8 As shown in FIG. 10, the difference from the embodiment 1 is that the front and rear sides of the upper header frame are respectively provided with a separating box and a driving gear box;

[0046] The driving gear box is provided with a driving sprocket, and the front and rear sides of the ear separation box are respectively provided with a driven sprocket and a transmission sprocket, and the driving sprocket, the driven sprocket and the transmission sprocket are connected by an ear-moving chain, and the ear-moving chain is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed guide blades;

[0047] A rotating device 6 is arranged between the ear separation box and the ear picking frame 304, and the rotating device 6 includes a second driving gear 601 coaxially arranged with the driven sprocket, a second driven gear 602 meshing with the second driving gear 601, a forward bevel gear 603 coaxial with the second driven gear 602, and a reverse bevel gear 604 coaxial with the forward bevel gear 603 but not coaxially, a reversing gear frame 611 is arranged on the ear separation box, and a reversing bevel gear 605 is arranged on the reversing gear frame 611, and the reversing bevel gear 605 is meshed with the forward bevel gear 603 and the reverse bevel gear 604 respectively, and the ear separation box is also provided with a reversing gear frame 611. A driving inner shaft 610 and a driven outer shaft sleeved with the driving inner shaft 610 are provided, and electromagnetic push rods and double-sided bevel gears 606 are provided at both ends of the driving inner shaft 610, and a driving pulley 607 is provided on the driven outer shaft. The side of the ear picking box close to the ear picking frame 304 is in an arc shape and is provided with a steering tooth 309. The ear picking frame 3041 is provided with a coaxial driven pulley 608 and a steering gear 609, and the driving pulley 607 is connected to the driven pulley 608 through a belt, and the steering gear 609 is meshed with the steering tooth 309. A protective shell is provided on the outer side of the rotating device. The provision of a protective shell can avoid protecting the rotating device from the influence of the external environment and avoid the mechanical jamming phenomenon caused by foreign matter.

[0048] At this time, the angle between the two ear-forming boxes can be adjusted, and the angle range is 42°-60°.

[0049] When the electromagnetic push rod is at the equilibrium position, the double-sided bevel gear 606 does not mesh with any of the forward bevel gear 603 and the reverse bevel gear 604, that is, the angle between the two ear boxes cannot be adjusted by the steering gear 609;

[0050] The rotation of the driven sprocket drives the second driving gear 601 to rotate, and then drives the second driven gear 602 to rotate. At the same time, the forward bevel gear 603 rotates. Under the action of the reversing gear, the reverse bevel gear 604 rotates in the opposite direction to the forward bevel gear 603.

[0051] When the electromagnetic push rod moves downward, the double-sided bevel gear 606 meshes with the forward bevel gear 603, and the active inner shaft 610 drives the driven outer shaft to rotate, thereby driving the active pulley 607 and the driven pulley 608 to rotate, thereby driving the steering gear 609 to rotate, and finally realizing the adjustment of the angle of the ear box 3; similarly, when the electromagnetic push rod moves upward, the double-sided bevel gear 606 meshes with the reverse bevel gear 604, and finally realizing the angle adjustment trend opposite to that when the forward bevel gear 603 is meshed.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. That is, all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the content of the patent application scope of the present invention should belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-header crop harvester, characterized in that: It includes a harvester body, a double header and a lifting mechanism arranged between the harvester body and the double header, the double header includes an upper header and a lower header, the upper header includes an upper header frame and an ear picking mechanism and an ear conveying mechanism arranged on the upper header frame, and the lower header includes a lower header frame and a stem cutting mechanism and a stem conveying device arranged on the lower header frame; A transverse mechanism is provided between the lifting mechanism and the harvester body, the transverse mechanism comprising a fixed frame fixedly connected to the harvester body, support plates are provided on both sides of the fixed frame, and a first driving gear is provided on one side of one of the support plates, a lead screw is provided between the support plates on both sides of the fixed frame, a first driven gear is provided at one end of the lead screw, the first driving gear is meshed with the first driven gear, a limit rod is provided in the middle of the fixed frame, a transverse frame is slidably connected to the limit rod, a wire hole matching the lead screw is provided on the transverse frame, and a mounting plate for mounting the lifting mechanism is fixedly connected to one end of the transverse frame away from the fixed frame; The limit rod is provided with sliding limit grooves on both the upper and lower sides, and the lateral moving frame is provided with buffer grooves symmetrically on one side close to the fixed frame and on both the upper and lower sides, and a buffer mechanism is provided in the buffer groove, and the buffer mechanism includes a sliding limit pin slidably connected in the sliding limit groove, and a plurality of evenly distributed tensile springs for connecting the lateral moving frame and the sliding limit pin are provided in the buffer groove on the upper side of the lateral moving frame, and a plurality of evenly distributed compression springs for connecting the lateral moving frame and the sliding limit pin are provided in the buffer groove on the lower side of the lateral moving frame; Both ends of the tension spring and the compression spring are provided with anti-shear rings, which are respectively fixedly connected to the sliding limit pin and the buffer groove; A guide wheel groove is provided in the middle of the bottom of the sliding limit groove, and a plurality of evenly distributed guide wheels are provided in the middle of the sliding limit pin, and the guide wheels are slidably connected in the guide wheel groove; The upper header comprises an ear picking frame and a driving box arranged on one side of the ear picking frame, the ear picking frame is provided with a plurality of ear picking rollers, the ear picking rollers comprise an ear picking tube body and an introduction cone and a connecting shaft head respectively arranged at both ends of the ear picking tube body, the ear picking tube body is provided with a plurality of racks in the circumferential direction, and the connecting shaft head is connected to the driving box; The lower cutting table comprises a reciprocating cutter, and the reciprocating cutter comprises a fixed blade and a movable blade capable of reciprocating relative to the fixed blade; the first driving gear is connected to a servo motor.

2. The double header crop harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A distance sensor and a height sensor are arranged on one of the mounting plates. The distance sensor and the height sensor are connected to a servo motor. The servo motor is also connected to a control system. The control system is located in the cab.

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