A production system and cultivation method for realizing in-situ photosynthesis of the whole leafy vegetable plant

Abstract

A production system and cultivation method for realizing in-situ photosynthesis of the whole leafy vegetable plant, which relates to the technical field of fully artificial light plant production. The technical solutions adopted include a light supply device and a spraying device. The light supply device includes a light source, and the spraying device includes a nozzle. It also includes a cultivation component and a rotating device. The cultivation component is used to fix the plant and expose the roots, stems, and leaves of the plant; the rotating device periodically rotates the plant and / or rotates the light source and the nozzle around the plant. The present invention adopts the rotating device and the integrated method of light, water, and fertilizer, which can not only enrich the number of chloroplasts in the existing green organs, induce the synthesis of chloroplasts in the non-green organ roots, and fully exploit the photosynthetic potential of each part, but also reduce the energy loss caused by the long-distance transportation of photosynthetic products in the stems and leaves to the roots and the water and fertilizer from the roots to the stems and leaves by realizing in-situ photosynthesis of the whole plant, thereby improving the photosynthetic production capacity of the plant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fully artificial light plant production, and particularly to a production system and a cultivation method for realizing the whole-plant in-situ photosynthesis of leafy vegetables. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, due to the promotion of market demand, fully artificial light vertical plant production systems have become increasingly mature. At present, fully artificial light vertical plant production systems mainly rely on hydroponics and aeroponics for the roots, and the lighting sources are mostly top light sources. However, due to the mutual shading between branches and leaves, the inner cavity and the bottom receive little or no light, and the plants mainly rely on canopy photosynthesis; moreover, since most bifacial leaf plants have the palisade tissue on the ventral side of the leaf facing upwards and receive light from top to bottom, the spongy tissue on the dorsal side of the leaf only receives a small amount of transmitted light, and the photosynthetic capacity of the dorsal side of the leaf is not fully utilized; at the same time, restricted by the traditional thinking that the above-ground green tissues such as leaves and stems carry out photosynthesis while the underground non-green tissues, the roots, absorb water, fertilizers and hold the plants, the root growth environment of plants in existing plant production systems is light-shielded, and its initial photosynthetic function is seriously ignored. In addition, the water and fertilizers absorbed by the roots need to be transported over a long distance through the xylem to the stems and leaves for photosynthesis, and the photosynthetic products produced by the stems and leaves also need to be transported over a long distance through the phloem to the roots for their normal growth requirements. The long-distance transportation will inevitably consume a large amount of energy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the problems in the prior art solutions that the traditional lighting mode cannot fully utilize the photosynthetic capacity of the whole plant, and the long-distance transportation of photosynthetic products, water and fertilizers results in a large amount of energy waste, etc., the present invention provides a production system and a cultivation method for realizing the whole-plant in-situ photosynthesis of leafy vegetables.

[0004] The present invention provides the following technical solutions: A production system for realizing the whole-plant in-situ photosynthesis of leafy vegetables, including a light supply device and a spraying device. The light supply device includes a light source, the spraying device includes a nozzle, and further includes a cultivation member for fixing the plant and exposing the roots, stems and leaves of the plant; a rotating device for periodically rotating the plant and / or rotating the light source and the nozzle around the plant to drive the stems, leaves and roots of the plant to face the light source and the nozzle in turn.

[0005] Preferably, the cultivation member includes a planting column extending in the vertical direction, a fixing pipe rotatably connected to the planting column and penetrating through the planting column, and a planting basket detachably connected in the fixing pipe; the rotating device includes a first rotating device for driving the planting column to rotate around the vertical direction and a second rotating device for driving the fixing pipe to rotate around the central axis of the planting basket.

[0006] Preferably, the central axis of the planting basket is set at an angle to the horizontal plane.

[0007] Preferably, the light source and the nozzle are respectively arranged on both sides of the central axis of the planting column.

[0008] Preferably, at least one row of fixed pipes arranged in sequence in the vertical direction is rotatably connected to the planting column; the light supply device includes a bottom plate whose extending direction is parallel to the planting column, and the light source is arranged on the side of the bottom plate facing the planting column; the spraying device includes at least one row of nozzles arranged in sequence along the extending direction of the planting column.

[0009] Preferably, the light source is an LED light board.

[0010] Preferably, the spraying device includes a foliage and stem water and fertilizer spraying device and a root water and fertilizer spraying device, and nozzles are provided on both the foliage and stem water and fertilizer spraying device and the root water and fertilizer spraying device.

[0011] A cultivation method applied to the above production system includes the following steps

[0012] S1. Fix the plant on the cultivation piece, and expose the roots, stems and leaves of the plant outside the cultivation piece;

[0013] S2. Start the rotating device to periodically change the positions and angles of the roots, stems and leaves of the plant relative to the light source and the nozzle, so that the roots, stems and leaves of the plant face the light source and the nozzle in turn;

[0014] S3. Start the light supply device and the spraying device so that the roots, stems and leaves of the plant and all their angles receive light, water and fertilizer.

[0015] Preferably, in step S2, the time ratio of the roots, stems and leaves facing the light source is adjusted by changing the rotation speed of the first rotating device.

[0016] Preferably, in step S3, the spraying device includes a foliage and stem water and fertilizer spraying device and a root water and fertilizer spraying device, and both the foliage and stem water and fertilizer spraying device and the root water and fertilizer spraying device include nozzles. When the stems and leaves of the plant are within the spraying range of the nozzles of the foliage and stem water and fertilizer spraying device, start the foliage and stem water and fertilizer spraying device. When the roots of the plant are within the spraying range of the nozzles of the root water and fertilizer spraying device, start the root water and fertilizer spraying device.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The cultivation component exposes the roots, stems, and leaves of the plant to the outside. The rotating device is used to periodically rotate the plant and / or the light source and the nozzle, so that all angles of the plant canopy, inner cavity, bottom, stem, leaves (both ventral and dorsal sides), and roots can periodically receive light, water, and fertilizer. The present invention adopts the rotating device and the integrated method of light, water, and fertilizer, which can not only enrich the number of chloroplasts in the existing green organs and induce the synthesis of chloroplasts in non-green organs to fully exploit the photosynthetic potential of each part of the plant, but also reduce the energy loss caused by the long-distance transportation of photosynthetic products in the stems and leaves to the roots and the transportation of water and fertilizer from the roots to the stems and leaves by realizing in-situ photosynthesis of the whole plant, thereby improving the photosynthetic production capacity of the plant. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 is Figure 1 The enlarged sectional view of part A of

[0020] Reference numerals in the drawings: 1 - light source, 2 - nozzle, 3 - cultivation component, 31 - planting column, 32 - fixed pipe, 33 - planting basket, 34 - transmission gear, 35 - micro rotating motor. [[ID=__17]]DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0021] The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention in more detail with reference to the drawings and reference numerals, so that those skilled in the art can implement it after studying this specification. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0022] The present invention provides a production system for realizing in-situ photosynthesis of the whole plant of leafy vegetables, including a light supply device and a spraying device. The light supply device includes a light source 1, the spraying device includes a nozzle 2, and further includes a cultivation component 3 and a rotating device. The cultivation component 3 is used to fix the plant and expose the roots, stems, and leaves of the plant to the outside; the rotating device periodically rotates the plant and / or rotates the light source and the nozzle around the plant.

[0023] The light supply device provides light for the plant, including a light source 1 that directly emits light to the plant. The spraying device provides water and fertilizer for the plant, and uses the nozzle 2 to spray water and fertilizer onto the plant. The nozzle 2 can adopt an atomizing nozzle, and the sprayed fertilizer includes fertilizer for stems and leaves and fertilizer for roots, which can refer to the spraying device used in the aeroponic technology. The cultivation component 3 is used to fix the plant. In particular, the roots, stems, and leaves of the plant are exposed outside the cultivation component, so that the roots, stems, and leaves can all receive light, water, and fertilizer.

[0024] Light plays an inductive role in the synthesis of chloroplasts. The transformation of proplastids or leucoplasts in root cells into chloroplasts is induced by light. Giving a certain amount of light can stimulate the potential photosynthetic ability of roots. Under traditional planting conditions (with roots shielded from light), the plastids in root cells mainly consist of amyloplasts rich in starch grains, and the roots appear white at this time. In the present invention, when the roots are continuously induced by a certain amount of light, the proplastids in root cells develop into chloroplasts with highly mature thylakoid membrane structures, and the chloroplasts are evenly distributed in root cells. At this time, the roots show green and have a certain photosynthetic ability. The photosynthetic products produced by their own photosynthesis can maintain the growth requirements, reducing or even eliminating the need for the supply of photosynthetic products from stems and leaves. In addition, the mesophyll cells of the spongy tissue on the back of the leaf are rich in chloroplasts, and their photosynthetic rate can reach 60 - 80% of the maximum photosynthetic rate of the ventral side of the leaf, and even have a similar photosynthetic rate under low light intensity. The stems and leaves of plants also have water and fertilizer absorption abilities similar to those of roots. By spraying fertilizers for stems and leaves (such as foliar fertilizers) and water onto the surfaces of stems and leaves, nutrients can be effectively supplemented to meet the growth needs of plants. Compared with the traditional planting method where only roots absorb water and fertilizers and then transport them to stems and leaves, the energy loss caused by the long-distance transportation of water and fertilizers is reduced.

[0025] Thus, any organ or tissue of a plant has photosynthetic potential and water and fertilizer absorption functions. Based on the above conclusion, in the present invention, in-situ photosynthesis means that the light received and the water and fertilizers absorbed by an organ or tissue of a plant can participate in photosynthesis nearby, and the organic matter produced by photosynthesis can directly participate in the growth of nearby organs or tissues, thus forming a virtuous cycle.

[0026] Specifically, the rotating device periodically rotates the plant and / or rotates the light source and nozzle around the plant, changing the positions and angles of organs such as the roots, stems, and leaves of the plant relative to the light source and nozzle, so that the roots, stems, and leaves of the plant face the light source and nozzle in turn. During this process, all angles of the plant canopy, inner cavity, bottom, stems, leaves (both ventral and dorsal sides), and roots can periodically receive light, water, and fertilizers. The roots are continuously induced by light to develop chloroplasts, and at the same time, in-situ photosynthesis can be completed by the roots, stems, and leaves. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can not only enrich the number of chloroplasts in existing green organs and induce the synthesis of chloroplasts in non-green organs to fully exploit the photosynthetic potential of each part of the plant, but also reduce the energy loss caused by the long-distance transportation of photosynthetic products from stems and leaves to roots and the long-distance transportation of water and fertilizers from roots to stems and leaves by realizing in-situ photosynthesis of the whole plant, thereby improving the photosynthetic production capacity of the plant.

[0027] Preferably, in Figure 1 、 2In the illustrated embodiment, the cultivating member 3 includes a planting column 31 extending in a vertical direction, a fixing tube 32 rotatably connected to the planting column 31 and passing through the planting column 31, and a planting basket 33 detachably connected to the fixing tube 32; the rotating device includes a first rotating device for driving the planting column 31 to rotate around a vertical direction and a second rotating device for driving the fixing tube 32 to rotate around the central axis of the planting basket 33.

[0028] Specifically, if Figure 2 As shown, the planting column 31 is provided with a through slot, into which the fixing tube 32 is rotatably connected via a bearing. The fixing tube 32 and the planting basket 33 are detachably connected by means of plug-in or threaded connections. The plant is typically fixed within the planting basket 33 using a sponge pad, which is then mounted within the fixing tube 32. The first rotating device comprises a bracket rotatably connected to the planting column 31, a vertically extending rotating shaft disposed on the planting column 31, and a first rotating motor in transmission connection with the rotating shaft. The second rotating device comprises a transmission gear 34 disposed on the fixing tube 32, a micro-rotating motor 35 disposed within the fixing column 31, and a driving gear disposed on the output shaft of the micro-rotating motor 35. The driving gear meshes with the transmission gear 34, which is coaxial with the fixing tube 32 and the planting basket 33. The light source 1 and the nozzle 2 are fixed to the side of the plant to maintain their position. The present invention is not limited to the implementation of the first and second rotating devices. In addition to the above embodiment, those skilled in the art may also adopt other rotation or transmission methods, such as magnetic levitation rotation, synchronous belt drive, etc.

[0029] The first rotating device drives the cultivation member 3 to rotate, thereby driving the plant to rotate, so that the root system, stem and leaves of the plant exposed outside the cultivation member 3 rotate periodically around the vertical direction, taking turns to face the light source 1 and the nozzle 2, with the rotating shaft as the central axis, the plant canopy, inner chamber, bottom, stem, leaves (ventral and dorsal sides) and root system can all receive light, water and fertilizer periodically. The second rotating device drives the fixed tube 32 to rotate around the central axis of the planting basket 33, driving the plant to also rotate around the central axis of the planting basket 33, gradually changing the light-facing side and the sprayed part of the plant, so that all angles of the plant can evenly receive light, water and fertilizer. If the second rotating device is not provided, the plant will face the light source and nozzle in a fixed posture, and there will inevitably be parts that receive less light, water and fertilizer, which is not conducive to achieving the in-situ photosynthesis of the whole plant. The first rotating device and the second rotating device cooperate so that almost all positions on the plant surface can evenly receive light, water and fertilizer to achieve the in-situ photosynthesis of the whole plant.

[0030] In another embodiment, the rotating device is used to rotate the light source and the nozzle, while the position of the plant remains unchanged. Specifically, the cultivation component includes a planting column, a through groove provided on the planting column, and a planting basket detachably connected to the through groove. The rotating device includes an orbit around the plant, a light source and a nozzle slidably connected to the orbit, and a driving device for driving the light source and the nozzle to slide back and forth along the orbit. In other embodiments, the rotating device can also rotate the light source, the nozzle, and the cultivation component, and the rotation is asynchronous.

[0031] Preferably, the central axis of the planting basket 33 forms an angle with the horizontal plane, so that the plant remains in an inclined state, which is beneficial to ensuring the geotropism of the root system on the one hand and beneficial to root cutting on the other hand.

[0032] Preferably, the light source 1 and the nozzle 2 are respectively arranged on both sides of the central axis of the planting column 31, as Figure 1 shown, to prevent the water mist from affecting the light. Further, multiple groups of light sources 1 can be provided, and the multiple groups of light sources 1 are distributed around the cultivation component 3.

[0033] Preferably, at least one column of fixed pipes 32 arranged in sequence in the vertical direction is rotatably connected to the planting column 31. The light supply device includes a bottom plate whose extending direction is parallel to the planting column 31, and the light source 1 is arranged on the side of the bottom plate facing the planting column 31. The spraying device includes at least one column of nozzles 2 arranged in sequence along the extending direction of the planting column 31.

[0034] Preferably, the light source 1 is an LED light board.

[0035] Preferably, the spraying device includes a foliage water and fertilizer spraying device and a root water and fertilizer spraying device, and nozzles 2 are arranged on both the foliage water and fertilizer spraying device and the root water and fertilizer spraying device. The foliage water and fertilizer spraying device is used for spraying foliage fertilizer, and the root water and fertilizer spraying device is used for spraying root fertilizer. When the stems and leaves of the plant are within the spraying range of the nozzles of the foliage spraying device, the foliage spraying device is turned on to start spraying foliage fertilizer; when the roots are within the spraying range of the root spraying device, the root spraying device is turned on to spray root fertilizer.

[0036] A cultivation method applied to the above production system includes the following steps:

[0037] S1, fixing the plant on the cultivation component and exposing the roots, stems, and leaves of the plant outside the cultivation component. Specifically, the production system is as Figure 1 , 2 shown in the embodiment. The plant is fixed in the planting basket 33 using materials such as sponges, and then the planting basket 33 is installed in the fixed pipe 32, exposing the roots, stems, and leaves, and the roots are directed obliquely downward.

[0038] S2. Start the rotating device to periodically change the positions and angles of the plant roots, stems, and leaves relative to the light source and the nozzle, so that the plant roots, stems, and leaves face the light source and the nozzle in turn. The time ratio of the roots, stems, and leaves facing the light source can be adjusted by changing the rotation speed of the first rotating device. The plant is rotated by the second rotating device so that each angle of the plant can evenly receive light, water, and fertilizer. Specifically, the light source and the nozzle are respectively arranged on both sides of the central axis of the planting column. From a top view, the space around the planting column is evenly divided into two semi - regions, one is a strong irradiation region, and the other is a strong spraying region. The light source is on the center line of the strong irradiation region, and the nozzle is on the center line of the strong spraying region. The first rotating device drives the planting column to rotate around the vertical direction, and one rotation of the planting column is a cycle. Since the number of chloroplasts in the stems and leaves is much larger than that in the roots, when the stems and leaves of the plant are in the strong irradiation region, the rotation speed of the first rotating device can be reduced to extend the time ratio of the stems and leaves in the strong irradiation region in one cycle; conversely, when the roots are in the strong irradiation region, the rotation speed of the first rotating device can be increased to reduce the time ratio of the roots in the strong irradiation region. At the same time, it should be considered that both the ventral and dorsal sides of the leaves have the ability of photosynthesis. When the roots of the plant are in the strong irradiation region, the dorsal side of the leaves is also directly irradiated by the light source. At this time, the photosynthesis ability of the leaf back cannot be ignored and also has an impact on the time ratio.

[0039] Taking lettuce as the experimental plant and adopting the same lighting scheme, a comparative experiment was conducted with different time ratios of the roots, stems, and leaves in the strong irradiation region within one rotation cycle, and the experimental data are as Figure 1 shown. It can be seen that as the time ratio of the stems and leaves in the strong light region increases, the biomass of the plant has a certain increase, and the increase is about 10%. However, as the time ratio of the roots in the strong light region increases, the biomass of the plant shows a decrease.

[0040] Table 1 Above - ground biomass of lettuce under different time ratios of roots, stems, and leaves in the strong light region within one rotation cycle

[0041]

[0042] S3. Start the light supply device and the spraying device so that the roots, stems, and leaves of the plants receive light, water, and fertilizers. The light quality composition, light intensity, light duration of the light supply device, as well as the opening time of the spraying device, and the component ratios of water and fertilizers can be precisely controlled according to the plant variety, characteristics, and growth and development stages. Specifically, the light supply device is an LED lamp panel. The spraying device includes a foliage water and fertilizer spraying device and a root water and fertilizer spraying device. Both the foliage water and fertilizer spraying device and the root water and fertilizer spraying device include nozzles. When the stems and leaves of the plant are within the spraying range of the nozzles of the foliage water and fertilizer spraying device, start the foliage water and fertilizer spraying device to spray foliar fertilizers. When the roots of the plant are within the spraying range of the nozzles of the root water and fertilizer spraying device, start the root water and fertilizer spraying device to spray root fertilizers. Machine vision technology can be used to identify the positions of the roots, stems, and leaves, or the start and stop of the nozzles can be controlled according to the rotation time period.

[0043] Taking the traditional planting method (only photosynthesis of stems and leaves) as the comparative example, the traditional planting method and the present invention (in-situ photosynthesis of roots, stems, and leaves) are used to treat lettuce, pea seedlings, and cucumber seedlings respectively. The plant biomass obtained is shown in Table 2. The fresh weight and dry weight of the plants grown by the present invention have been greatly improved, and the increase rates are both above 20%.

[0044] Table 2 Plant Biomass under Different Photosynthesis Modes

[0045]

[0046]

[0047] The above are one or more embodiments of the present invention, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation to the scope of the present invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A production system for realizing in-situ photosynthesis of the whole leafy vegetable plant, comprising a light supply device and a spraying device. The light supply device includes a light source (1), and the spraying device includes a nozzle (2), characterized in that: It also includes a cultivation member (3) for fixing plants and exposing the roots, stems, and leaves of the plants. The cultivation member (3) includes a planting column (31) extending in the vertical direction; the light source (1) and the nozzle (2) are respectively arranged on both sides of the central axis of the planting column (31). From a top view, the space around the planting column (31) is evenly divided into two semi - regions, one is a strong irradiation region, and the other is a strong spraying region. a rotating device that periodically rotates the plants and / or rotates the light source and nozzle around the plants, for driving the stems, leaves, and roots of the plants to face the light source and nozzle in turn. When the roots of the plants are in the strong irradiation region, the back of the leaves is also directly irradiated by the light source, and the time ratio of the roots and the stems and leaves facing the light source in one rotation cycle is controlled at 1:2 or 1:

3.

2. The production system for realizing in-situ photosynthesis of the whole leafy vegetable plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cultivation member (3) further includes a fixing pipe (32) rotatably connected to the planting column (31) and penetrating through the planting column (31), and a planting basket (33) detachably connected in the fixing pipe (32); the rotating device includes a first rotating device for driving the planting column (31) to rotate around the vertical direction and a second rotating device for driving the fixing pipe (32) to rotate around the central axis of the planting basket (33).

3. The production system for realizing the whole-plant in-situ photosynthesis of leafy vegetables according to claim 2, characterized in that: The central axis of the planting basket (33) is set at an angle to the horizontal plane.

4. A production system for realizing in-situ photosynthesis of the whole leafy vegetable plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: The light source (1) and the nozzle (2) are respectively arranged on both sides of the central axis of the planting column (31).

5. The production system for realizing in-situ photosynthesis of the whole leafy vegetable plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least one column of fixing pipes (32) arranged in sequence in the vertical direction is rotatably connected to the planting column (31); the light - supplying device includes a bottom plate with an extending direction parallel to the planting column (31), and the light source (1) is arranged on the side of the bottom plate facing the planting column (31); the spraying device includes at least one column of nozzles (2) arranged in sequence along the extending direction of the planting column (31).

6. A production system for realizing in-situ photosynthesis of the whole leafy vegetable plant according to claim 5, characterized in that: The light source (1) is an LED light board.

7. The production system for realizing in-situ photosynthesis of the whole leafy vegetable plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spraying device includes a stem - leaf water - fertilizer spraying device and a root water - fertilizer spraying device, and both the stem - leaf water - fertilizer spraying device and the root water - fertilizer spraying device are provided with nozzles (2).

8. A cultivation method applied to the production system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1, fix the plants on the cultivation member and expose the roots, stems, and leaves of the plants outside the cultivation member; S2, start the rotating device to periodically change the positions and angles of the roots, stems, and leaves of the plants relative to the light source and the nozzle, so that the roots, stems, and leaves of the plants face the light source and the nozzle in turn; S3, start the light - supplying device and the spraying device so that the roots, stems, and leaves of the plants and all their angles receive light, water, and fertilizer.

9. The cultivation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S2, adjust the time ratio of the roots, stems, and leaves facing the light source by changing the rotation speed of the first rotating device.

10. A cultivation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, the spraying device includes a stem - leaf water - fertilizer spraying device and a root water - fertilizer spraying device. Both the stem - leaf water - fertilizer spraying device and the root water - fertilizer spraying device include nozzles. When the stems and leaves of the plants are within the spraying range of the nozzles of the stem - leaf water - fertilizer spraying device, start the stem - leaf water - fertilizer spraying device. When the roots of the plants are within the spraying range of the nozzles of the root water - fertilizer spraying device, start the root water - fertilizer spraying device.

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