A system for measuring characteristics of intrusive rock mass and a method for measuring hardness and shear strength

Abstract

The present invention provides an intrusive rock characteristic measurement system and a hardness and shear strength measurement method. The system includes a bracket, a test platform, a rock sample mold to be measured and a rock sample to be measured. The top surface of the rock sample to be measured is provided with an intrusive shear assembly, and a vertical loading cylinder is provided above the intrusive shear assembly. The intrusive shear assembly includes an elastic plate located below the vertical loading cylinder, and a plurality of intrusive shear tools arranged on the top surface of the rock sample to be measured. The method first calibrates the elastic plate ductile deformation stress value and the elastic plate ductile deformation displacement to obtain a load-displacement calibration curve, and obtains a corresponding change curve and equation according to the collected data during the test, and judges the hardness and shear strength of the rock mass according to the change curve. The measurement system and measurement method of the present invention can accurately and precisely obtain relevant parameters, and then accurately judge the hardness and shear strength of the rock mass.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering investigation and relates to a measurement system, and in particular to an intrusive rock mass characteristic measurement system and a hardness and shear strength measurement method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of geotechnical engineering investigation, the physical properties of the rock mass determine the geomechanical environment of the area. Reasonable and accurate measurement of its physical parameters can not only accurately evaluate the stability of the surrounding rock, but also guide underground engineering operations and prevent the occurrence of underground engineering disasters. In the field of drilling, the drilling process is essentially the process of the drill bit continuously invading and breaking the rock mass. Therefore, the hardness and shear strength of the rock mass can be measured, which can directly determine the difficulty of drilling and is crucial to the design of the drilling process.

[0003] The commonly used method for testing the physical properties of rock mass is to place a pipe directly after drilling, and then expand the borehole after pressurization to measure the relationship between deformation and stress. The main defects of this method are: due to the influence of rock formation properties and drilling on rock mass, the pressurization device and the hole wall cannot be fully coupled, resulting in large experimental deviations and low accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a system for measuring the characteristics of intrusive rock mass and a method for measuring hardness and shear strength, so as to solve the technical problem that the measurement accuracy of the physical characteristics of rock mass in the prior art needs to be further improved.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve the above problems:

[0006] A system for measuring characteristics of an intrusive rock mass comprises a bracket, wherein the bracket comprises a pair of vertical beams arranged opposite to each other, a horizontal beam is fixedly installed between the tops of the pair of vertical beams, a test platform is arranged below the horizontal beam, a rock sample mold to be measured is arranged on the top surface of the test platform, and a rock sample to be measured is fixedly arranged in the rock sample mold to be measured;

[0007] The top surface of the rock sample to be measured is provided with the bottom end of the intrusion shear assembly, the top of the intrusion shear assembly is provided with the bottom end of the vertical loading cylinder, the top end of the vertical loading cylinder is installed on the crossbeam, and the bottom end of the vertical loading cylinder can be tightly against the top surface of the intrusion shear assembly;

[0008] The intrusion shear assembly includes an elastic plate located below the vertical loading cylinder, and a plurality of intrusion shear tools arranged on the top surface of the rock sample to be measured; the intrusion shear tools are arranged along the longitudinal direction, the top of the intrusion shear tool is movably installed on the bottom surface of the elastic plate, and the bottom of the intrusion shear tool can invade the rock sample to be measured.

[0009] The present invention also has the following technical features:

[0010] A pair of wedge-shaped tool slots are provided on the elastic plate in the transverse direction, and a pair of wedge-shaped tool adjustment holes are provided on the elastic plate between the pair of wedge-shaped tool slots;

[0011] The wedge-shaped tool slide groove and the wedge-shaped tool adjustment hole are provided with wedge-shaped tool adjustment bolts, the top ends of the wedge-shaped tool adjustment bolts are fixedly mounted on the adjustment plate, the adjustment plate is arranged on the top surface of the elastic plate along the longitudinal direction, and the bottom end of the wedge-shaped tool adjustment bolt is fixedly mounted with an intrusion shearing tool;

[0012] The wedge-shaped tool adjustment bolt can move laterally in the wedge-shaped tool slideway, and the adjustment plate and the intrusion shearing tool can be movably mounted on the elastic plate through the wedge-shaped tool adjustment bolt.

[0013] A support block is fixedly arranged on the elastic plates at both lateral sides of the intrusion shearing tool, and the two support blocks are respectively close to the lateral ends of the elastic plate.

[0014] The middle area of ​​the elastic plate is a load bearing area, the areas on both sides of the load bearing area are transition areas, and the intrusion shearing tool is located in the load bearing area;

[0015] A first strain sensor, a vertical stress sensor, and a second strain sensor are sequentially arranged on the top surface of the load bearing area from left to right;

[0016] A vertical displacement sensor is arranged in the vertical loading cylinder.

[0017] A transverse loading cylinder is respectively arranged on both transverse sides of the rock sample mold to be measured, and the transverse inner side of the transverse loading cylinder can be tightly pressed against the outer wall of the rock sample mold to be measured;

[0018] A transverse stress sensor is arranged at the contact point between the transverse loading oil cylinder and the rock sample mold to be measured; and a transverse displacement sensor is arranged inside the transverse loading oil cylinder.

[0019] A pair of limit cylinders are fixedly mounted on the crossbeam, and the limit cylinders are respectively located on the lateral sides of the vertical loading cylinder; the top ends of the limit cylinders are fixedly mounted on the crossbeam, and the bottom ends of the limit cylinders are against the top surface of the elastic plate.

[0020] The present invention also protects a method for measuring the hardness of an intrusive rock mass, the method adopts the intrusive rock mass characteristic measurement system as described above, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0021] Step 1, calibrating the elastic plate extension deformation stress value and the elastic plate extension deformation displacement;

[0022] The intrusion shear assembly is placed on the top of the rock sample mold to be measured, and the two lateral ends of the elastic plate are pressed and fixed by a limit cylinder; the elastic plate is initially loaded by a vertical loading cylinder, and the elastic plate extension deformation stress value Fa is calibrated by a vertical stress sensor, and the elastic plate extension deformation displacement a is calibrated by a vertical displacement sensor;

[0023] Step 2, obtaining a load-displacement calibration curve;

[0024] According to the elastic plate extension deformation stress value Fa and the elastic plate extension deformation displacement a obtained in step 1, a load-displacement calibration curve is drawn;

[0025] Step 3: Preparation before measurement;

[0026] Remove the intrusion shearing assembly, then fix the rock sample to be measured in the rock sample mold, then place the intrusion shearing assembly on the rock sample to be measured, and use the limit oil cylinder to press and fix the lateral ends of the elastic plate;

[0027] Step 4.1, perform measurement;

[0028] After the elastic plate is fixed, a vertical loading cylinder is used to measure and load the elastic plate. Under the pressure of the vertical loading cylinder, the elastic plate pushes the intrusion shearing tool to intrude into the rock sample to be measured; the intrusion stress value Fb of the rock sample is obtained through the vertical displacement sensor, and the intrusion strain value b of the rock sample is obtained through the first strain sensor and the second strain sensor;

[0029] Step 5.1, obtain the load-penetration depth curve;

[0030] According to the rock sample invasion strain value b and rock sample invasion stress value Fb obtained in step 4.1, draw the load-invasion depth curve;

[0031] Step 6.1, obtain the load-penetration depth equation;

[0032] After comparing and analyzing the load-displacement calibration curve obtained in step 2 and the load-penetration depth curve obtained in step 5.1, the load-penetration depth curve is drawn, and the load-penetration depth equation is obtained after linear fitting.

[0033] The load-depth equation is shown in Formula I:

[0034] Formula I;

[0035] Where:

[0036] P 1 represents the intrusion pressure value;

[0037] Fb Indicates the intrusion stress value of the rock sample;

[0038] Fa Indicates the ductile deformation stress value of the elastic plate;

[0039] S 1 represents the contact force area value between the pressure head of the vertical loading cylinder and the elastic plate;

[0040] b It represents the intrusion strain value of rock sample;

[0041] a Indicates the extension and deformation displacement of the elastic plate;

[0042] K represents the intrusion coefficient;

[0043] n is a constant.

[0044] The present invention also protects a method for measuring the shear strength of an intrusive rock mass, the method adopts the intrusive rock mass characteristic measurement system as described above, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0045] Step 1, calibrating the elastic plate extension deformation stress value and the elastic plate extension deformation displacement;

[0046] The intrusion shear assembly is placed on the top of the rock sample mold to be measured, and the two lateral ends of the elastic plate are pressed and fixed by a limit cylinder; the elastic plate is initially loaded by a vertical loading cylinder, and the elastic plate extension deformation stress value Fa is calibrated by a vertical stress sensor, and the elastic plate extension deformation displacement a is calibrated by a vertical displacement sensor;

[0047] Step 2, obtaining a load-displacement calibration curve;

[0048] According to the elastic plate extension deformation stress value Fa and the elastic plate extension deformation displacement a obtained in step 1, a load-displacement calibration curve is drawn;

[0049] Step 3: Preparation before measurement;

[0050] Remove the intrusion shearing assembly, then fix the rock sample to be measured in the rock sample mold, then place the intrusion shearing assembly on the rock sample to be measured, and use the limit oil cylinder to press and fix the lateral ends of the elastic plate;

[0051] Step 4.2, perform measurement;

[0052] After the elastic plate is fixed, the vertical loading cylinder is used to measure and load the elastic plate. Under the pressure of the vertical loading cylinder, the elastic plate pushes the intrusion shearing tool to gradually intrude into the rock sample to be measured. After the intrusion shearing tool gradually intrudes into the rock sample to be measured, the transverse loading cylinder is driven. Under the action of the transverse loading cylinder, the rock sample mold to be measured moves in the transverse direction. At this time, the intrusion shearing tool shears and destroys the intrusion shearing tool.

[0053] The rock sample intrusion stress value Fb is obtained through the vertical displacement sensor, and the rock sample intrusion strain value b is obtained through the first strain sensor and the second strain sensor; the lateral displacement x is obtained through the lateral displacement sensor, and the lateral load Fx is obtained through the lateral stress sensor;

[0054] Step 5.2, obtaining the shear failure load-penetration depth curve;

[0055] According to the rock sample invasion strain value b, rock sample invasion stress value Fb, lateral displacement x and lateral load Fx obtained in step 4.2, draw the shear failure load-invasion depth curve;

[0056] Step 6.2, obtain the shear failure load-penetration depth equation;

[0057] After comparing and analyzing the load-displacement calibration curve obtained in step 2 and the shear failure load-penetration depth curve obtained in step 5.2, the shear failure load-penetration depth curve is drawn, and the shear failure load-penetration depth equation is obtained after linear fitting.

[0058] The shear failure load-penetration depth equation is shown in Formula II:

[0059] Formula II;

[0060] Where:

[0061] P 2 represents the shear strength value of the rock sample to be measured;

[0062] Fx Represents lateral load.

[0063] S 2 represents the contact force area value between the lateral loading cylinder and the rock sample mold to be measured;

[0064] f represents the internal friction factor;

[0065] P 1 represents the intrusion pressure value;

[0066] c Indicates cohesion.

[0067] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0068] (I) The intrusive rock mass characteristic measurement system of the present invention adopts a vertical loading cylinder to drive an elastic plate to advance an intrusive shearing tool, so that the intrusive shearing tool invades the rock sample to be measured; adopts a transverse loading cylinder to push the rock sample to be measured to move transversely, so that the intrusive shearing tool shears the rock sample to be measured; adopts sensors set on the vertical loading cylinder, the transverse loading cylinder and the elastic plate to collect data, so as to accurately obtain relevant parameters and further accurately judge the hardness and shear strength of the rock mass.

[0069] (II) The method for measuring the hardness of an intrusive rock mass and the method for measuring the shear strength of an intrusive rock mass of the present invention calibrates the initial parameters of the elastic plate during measurement, uses a sensor to obtain test data, and finally calculates relevant parameters based on the load-depth equation and the shear failure load-depth equation, thereby improving the precision and accuracy of the test.

[0070] (III) The intrusive rock mass characteristic measurement system of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate, providing a safe and reliable solution for the field of mine tunnel surrounding rock. The present invention is of great significance for the evaluation of surrounding rock stability and the effective prevention of engineering disasters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0071] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the intrusive rock mass characteristic measurement system.

[0072] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the local structure of the intrusive rock mass characteristic measurement system.

[0073] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the intrusion shear component in the unloaded state.

[0074] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the intrusion shear component intruding into the rock sample to be measured; in the figure, F1 represents the force applied to the rock sample to be measured in the vertical direction, and F2 represents the force applied to the rock sample to be measured in the lateral direction.

[0075] FIG5 (A) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intrusion shear assembly.

[0076] FIG5(B) is a cross-sectional view of the intrusion shear component taken along plane AA.

[0077] Figure 6 The figure is a flow chart of the hardness measurement method and the shear strength measurement method of the intrusive rock mass.

[0078] The meanings of the numbers in the figure are: 1-bracket, 2-test platform, 3-rock sample mold to be measured, 4-rock sample to be measured, 5-intrusion shear assembly, 6-vertical loading cylinder, 7-first strain sensor, 8-vertical stress sensor, 9-second strain sensor, 10-vertical displacement sensor, 11-pressing block, 12-lateral loading cylinder, 13-lateral stress sensor, 14-lateral displacement sensor, 15-limit cylinder, 16-data acquisition instrument, 17-data analyzer, 18-data transmission line, 19-power source device, 20-hydraulic pipeline;

[0079] 101-vertical beam, 102-horizontal beam;

[0080] 501-elastic plate, 502-intrusive shearing tool, 503-wedge-shaped tool slideway, 504-wedge-shaped tool adjustment hole, 505-wedge-shaped tool adjustment bolt, 506-adjustment plate, 507-support block;

[0081] 1901-Hydraulic pump assembly, 1902-Oil tank assembly;

[0082] 50101-load bearing area, 50102-transition area.

[0083] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0084] In the present invention:

[0085] The elastic plate extension deformation displacement a refers to the amount of compression of the elastic plate itself when it is compressed to the limit state.

[0086] The elastic plate extension deformation stress value Fa refers to the value of the force exerted on the elastic plate when the compression amount of the elastic plate is the elastic plate extension deformation displacement amount a.

[0087] The intrusion pressure value P1 refers to the value of the pressure to which the rock sample to be measured is subjected after the intrusion shear tool intrudes into the rock sample to be measured.

[0088] In the present invention, the units of all physical quantities are the units commonly used in the art, and the formulas in the present invention only use the numerical parts of the physical quantities.

[0089] It should be noted that all components used in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are components known in the art. For example, the elastic plate 501 adopts an elastic alloy plate known in the prior art, and the intrusion shearing tool 502 adopts a wedge tool known in the prior art.

[0090] In accordance with the above technical scheme, specific embodiments of the present invention are given below. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and all equivalent changes made on the basis of the technical scheme of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0091] Embodiment 1:

[0092] This embodiment provides a system for measuring the characteristics of an intrusive rock mass. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the test platform 2 comprises a support 1, the support 1 comprises a pair of vertical beams 101 arranged opposite to each other, a horizontal beam 102 is fixedly installed between the tops of the pair of vertical beams 101, a test platform 2 is arranged below the horizontal beam 102, a rock sample mold 3 to be measured is arranged on the top surface of the test platform 2, and a rock sample 4 to be measured is fixedly arranged in the rock sample mold 3 to be measured;

[0093] The top surface of the rock sample 4 to be measured is provided with the bottom end of the intrusion shear assembly 5, and the top of the intrusion shear assembly 5 is provided with the bottom end of the vertical loading cylinder 6, and the top end of the vertical loading cylinder 6 is installed on the crossbeam 102, and the bottom end of the vertical loading cylinder 6 can be tightly against the top surface of the intrusion shear assembly 5;

[0094] The intrusion shear assembly 5 includes an elastic plate 501 located below the vertical loading cylinder 6, and a plurality of intrusion shear tools 502 arranged on the top surface of the rock sample 4 to be measured; the intrusion shear tools 502 are arranged along the longitudinal direction, and the top of the intrusion shear tool 502 is movably installed on the bottom surface of the elastic plate 501, and the bottom of the intrusion shear tool 502 can invade the rock sample 4 to be measured.

[0095] In the present invention, the elastic plate 501 is an elastic alloy plate known in the prior art, and the intrusion shearing tool is a wedge-shaped tool known in the prior art.

[0096] As a specific solution of this embodiment, Figure 3 As shown in FIG5 , a pair of wedge-shaped tool slots 503 are provided on the elastic plate 501 in the transverse direction, and a pair of wedge-shaped tool adjustment holes 504 are provided on the elastic plate 501 between the pair of wedge-shaped tool slots 503; wedge-shaped tool adjustment bolts 505 are provided in the wedge-shaped tool slots 503 and the wedge-shaped tool adjustment holes 504, and the top ends of the wedge-shaped tool adjustment bolts 505 are fixedly mounted on the adjustment plate 506, and the adjustment plate 506 is provided on the top surface of the elastic plate 501 in the longitudinal direction, and the bottom end of the wedge-shaped tool adjustment bolt 505 is fixedly mounted with the intrusion shearing tool 502;

[0097] The wedge tool adjustment bolt 505 can move laterally in the wedge tool slide groove 503 , and the adjustment plate 506 and the intrusion shearing tool 502 can be movably mounted on the elastic plate 501 through the wedge tool adjustment bolt 505 .

[0098] In this embodiment, after the wedge-shaped tool adjustment bolt 505 is loosened, the distance between the pair of adjustment plates 506 can be adjusted to adjust the distance between the pair of intrusion shearing tools 502 .

[0099] As a specific solution of this embodiment, Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 5 , a support block 507 is fixedly provided on each of the elastic plates 501 on both lateral sides of the intrusion shearing tool 502 . The two support blocks 507 are respectively close to the lateral ends of the elastic plate 501 , and the support blocks 507 support the elastic plate 501 .

[0100] As a specific solution of this embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the middle area of ​​the elastic plate 501 is a load bearing area 50101, the areas on both sides of the load bearing area 50101 are transition areas 50102, and the intrusion shearing tool 502 is located in the load bearing area 50101;

[0101] A first strain sensor 7, a vertical stress sensor 8 and a second strain sensor 9 are arranged on the top surface of the elastic plate 501 from left to right, and the first strain sensor 7, the vertical stress sensor 8 and the second strain sensor 9 are all located in the load bearing area 50101;

[0102] A vertical displacement sensor 10 is arranged inside the vertical loading cylinder 6 .

[0103] In this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the vertical loading cylinder 6 includes an outer cylinder tube, a piston rod is movably arranged in the outer cylinder tube, a pressure block 11 is arranged at the bottom end of the piston rod, the pressure block 11 can be tightly pressed against the elastic plate 501, and the diameter of the pressure block 11 is greater than the maximum distance between the two intrusion shearing knives 502. The pressure block 11 is a rectangular hollow box structure with an opening facing downward, and the first strain sensor 7, the vertical stress sensor 8 and the second strain sensor 9 are all arranged in the space between the pressure block 11 and the elastic plate 501.

[0104] As a specific solution of this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a transverse loading cylinder 12 is respectively provided on both lateral sides of the rock sample mold 3 to be measured, and the lateral inner side of the transverse loading cylinder 12 can be tightly pressed against the outer wall of the rock sample mold 3 to be measured;

[0105] A lateral displacement sensor 14 is arranged in the lateral loading cylinder 12 ; a lateral stress sensor 13 is arranged at the contact point between the lateral loading cylinder 12 and the rock sample mold 3 to be measured.

[0106] In this embodiment, Figures 1 to 4As shown, the signal output ends of the first strain sensor 7, the vertical stress sensor 8, the second strain sensor 9, the vertical displacement sensor 10, the lateral displacement sensor 14 and the lateral stress sensor 13 are all connected to the signal receiving end of the data acquisition instrument 16, and the signal output end of the data acquisition instrument 16 is connected to the data analyzer 17.

[0107] In this embodiment, all sensors, sensors and data acquisition instrument 16, and data acquisition instrument 16 and data analyzer 17 are connected via data transmission line 18. Data acquisition instrument 16 is a data acquisition instrument 16 known in the prior art, and data analyzer 17 is a computer installed with conventional data analysis software known in the prior art.

[0108] As a specific solution of this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a pair of limit cylinders 15 are also fixedly installed on the cross beam 102, and the pair of limit cylinders 15 are respectively located on the lateral sides of the vertical loading cylinder 6; the top end of the limit cylinder 15 is fixedly installed on the cross beam 102, and the bottom end of the limit cylinder 15 is against the top surface of the elastic plate 501. The limit cylinder 15 can prevent the elastic plate 501 from moving during the measurement process.

[0109] In this embodiment, the vertical loading cylinder 6, the lateral loading cylinder 12 and the limit cylinder 15 are all driven by a power source device 19. The power source device 19 adopts a conventional hydraulic power source device known in the prior art. All cylinders are connected to the power source device 19 through hydraulic pipelines 20.

[0110] In this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the power source device 19 includes a hydraulic pump assembly 1901 and an oil tank assembly 1902 for supplying oil to the hydraulic pump assembly 1901. The hydraulic pump assembly 1901 includes a hydraulic pump, a motor for driving the hydraulic pump, a coupling for connecting the motor and the hydraulic pump, and a transmission base for fixing the hydraulic pump and the motor. The oil tank assembly 1902 includes an oil tank and a level meter for observing the liquid level in the oil tank.

[0111] Embodiment 2:

[0112] This embodiment provides a method for measuring the hardness of an intrusive rock mass. Figure 6 As shown, the method adopts the intrusive rock mass characteristic measurement system of Example 1; the method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0113] Step 1, calibrating the elastic plate extension deformation stress value and the elastic plate extension deformation displacement;

[0114] The intrusion shear assembly 5 is placed on the top of the rock sample mold 3 to be measured, and the power source device 19 is started to drive the limit cylinder 15, so that the limit cylinder 15 presses and fixes the lateral ends of the elastic plate 501; the power source device 19 is started to drive the vertical loading cylinder 6 to perform initial loading on the elastic plate 501, and the vertical stress sensor 8 is used to calibrate the elastic plate extension deformation stress value Fa, and the vertical displacement sensor 10 is used to calibrate the elastic plate extension deformation displacement a.

[0115] In this embodiment, since the elastic plate 501 itself can be compressed in the vertical direction, the compression will cause a certain measurement error, especially when it comes to the parameter measurement of hard rock mass, the compression will cause a huge measurement error. Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy of the measurement, it is necessary to calibrate the elastic plate extension deformation stress value Fa and the elastic plate extension deformation displacement a.

[0116] Step 2, obtaining a load-displacement calibration curve;

[0117] The elastic plate extension deformation stress value Fa and the elastic plate extension deformation displacement a obtained in step 1 are transmitted to the data acquisition device 16 for code conversion; the data signal after code conversion is transmitted to the data analyzer 17 to draw a load-displacement calibration curve. In this embodiment, the code conversion is performed in a conventional manner known in the prior art.

[0118] Step 3: Preparation before measurement;

[0119] The intrusion shear assembly 5 is removed, and then the rock sample 4 to be measured is fixed in the rock sample mold 3 to be measured, and then the intrusion shear assembly 5 is placed on the rock sample 4 to be measured, and the power source device 19 is started to drive the limit cylinder 15, so that the limit cylinder 15 presses and fixes the lateral ends of the elastic plate 501.

[0120] Step 4.1, perform measurement;

[0121] Start the power source device 19 and drive the vertical loading cylinder 6 to measure and load the elastic plate 501. Under the pressure of the vertical loading cylinder 6, the elastic plate 501 pushes the intrusion shear tool 502 to gradually invade the rock sample 4 to be measured. The rock sample intrusion stress value Fb is obtained through the vertical displacement sensor 10, and the rock sample intrusion strain value b is obtained through the first strain sensor 7 and the second strain sensor 9.

[0122] In this embodiment, the value measured by the first strain sensor 7 is recorded as b1, and the value measured by the second strain sensor 9 is recorded as b2. The rock sample intrusion strain value b is the average value of b1 and b2. Generally, b1 and b2 are equal.

[0123] Step 5.1, obtain the load-penetration depth curve;

[0124] The rock sample invasion strain value b and rock sample invasion stress value Fb obtained in step 4.1 are transmitted to the data acquisition instrument 16 for code conversion, and then the encoded data signal is transmitted to the data analysis module to draw a load-depth curve.

[0125] Step 6.1, obtain the load-penetration depth equation;

[0126] After comparing and analyzing the load-displacement calibration curve obtained in step 2 and the load-penetration depth curve obtained in step 5.1, the load-penetration depth curve is drawn, and the load-penetration depth equation is obtained after linear fitting.

[0127] The load-depth equation is shown in Equation I:

[0128] Formula I;

[0129] Where:

[0130] P1 represents the intrusion pressure value;

[0131] Fb represents the intrusion stress value of the rock sample;

[0132] Fa represents the ductile deformation stress value of the elastic plate;

[0133] S1 represents the contact force area value between the pressure head of the vertical loading cylinder and the elastic plate;

[0134] b represents the intrusion strain value of the rock sample;

[0135] a represents the displacement of the elastic plate;

[0136] K represents the intrusion coefficient; the intrusion coefficient K reflects the difficulty of the intrusion shear tool intruding into the rock sample to be measured, and the intrusion coefficient K depends on the firmness of the rock sample to be measured and the shape and size of the intrusion shear tool.

[0137] n is a constant; the value of n is generally between 0.5 and 2, and for wedge-shaped tools, the value of n is approximately 1.

[0138] The penetration coefficient K can be obtained according to the load-penetration depth equation. The larger the value of the penetration coefficient K is, the greater the hardness of the rock sample to be measured is, that is, the better the firmness of the rock sample to be measured is.

[0139] Embodiment 3:

[0140] This embodiment provides a method for measuring the shear strength of an intrusive rock mass. Figure 6 As shown, the method adopts the intrusive rock mass characteristic measurement system of Example 1; the method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0141] In this embodiment, steps 1 to 3 are the same as steps 1 to 3 of embodiment 2:

[0142] Step 4.2, perform measurement;

[0143] The power source device 19 is started to drive the vertical loading cylinder 6 to measure and load the elastic plate 501. Under the pressure of the vertical loading cylinder 6, the elastic plate 501 pushes the intrusion shearing tool 502 to gradually intrude into the rock sample 4 to be measured. After the intrusion shearing tool 502 gradually intrudes into the rock sample 4 to be measured, the transverse loading cylinder 12 is driven. Under the action of the transverse loading cylinder 12, the rock sample mold 3 to be measured moves in the transverse direction. At this time, the intrusion shearing tool 502 shears and destroys the intrusion shearing tool 502. The rock sample intrusion stress value Fb is obtained through the vertical displacement sensor 10, and the rock sample intrusion strain value b is obtained through the first strain sensor 7 and the second strain sensor 9. The transverse displacement x is obtained through the transverse displacement sensor 14, and the transverse load Fx is obtained through the transverse stress sensor 13.

[0144] Step 5.2, obtaining the shear failure load-penetration depth curve;

[0145] The rock sample intrusion strain value b, rock sample intrusion stress value Fb, lateral displacement x and lateral load Fx obtained in step 4.2 are transmitted to the data acquisition instrument 16 for code conversion, and then the data signal after code conversion is transmitted to the data analysis module to draw the shear failure load-depth curve.

[0146] Step 6.2, obtain the shear failure load-penetration depth equation;

[0147] After comparing and analyzing the load-displacement calibration curve obtained in step 2 and the shear failure load-penetration depth curve obtained in step 5.2, the shear failure load-penetration depth curve is drawn, and the shear failure load-penetration depth equation is obtained after linear fitting.

[0148] The shear failure load-penetration depth equation is shown in Formula II:

[0149] Formula II;

[0150] Where:

[0151] P 2 represents the shear strength value of the rock sample to be measured;

[0152] Fx Represents lateral load.

[0153] S 2 represents the contact force area value between the lateral loading cylinder and the rock sample mold to be measured;

[0154] f represents the internal friction factor;

[0155] P1 represents the intrusion pressure value;

[0156] c Indicates cohesion.

[0157] According to the shear failure load-penetration depth equation, the values ​​of the internal friction factor f and the cohesion c can be obtained. The internal friction angle can be obtained from the internal friction factor f. The larger the internal friction angle, the less likely the rock sample is to slide and fail, and the more stable the rock sample structure is. The larger the internal friction angle and the cohesion c, the greater the shear strength of the rock sample.

[0158] In this embodiment, the intrusion pressure value P1 is calculated according to Formula I in Embodiment 2.

Claims

1. A system for measuring characteristics of an intrusive rock mass, comprising a support (1), wherein the support (1) comprises a pair of vertical beams (101) arranged opposite to each other, a horizontal beam (102) being fixedly mounted between the tops of the pair of vertical beams (101), a test platform (2) being arranged below the horizontal beam (102), a rock sample mold (3) to be measured being arranged on the top surface of the test platform (2), and a rock sample (4) to be measured being fixedly arranged inside the rock sample mold (3); characterized in that ； The top surface of the rock sample (4) to be measured is provided with the bottom end of an intrusion shear assembly (5), the top of the intrusion shear assembly (5) is provided with the bottom end of a vertical loading cylinder (6), the top end of the vertical loading cylinder (6) is mounted on the crossbeam (102), and the bottom end of the vertical loading cylinder (6) can be tightly abutted against the top surface of the intrusion shear assembly (5); The intrusion shearing assembly (5) comprises an elastic plate (501) located below the vertical loading cylinder (6), and a plurality of intrusion shearing tools (502) arranged on the top surface of the rock sample (4) to be measured; the intrusion shearing tools (502) are arranged along the longitudinal direction, the top of the intrusion shearing tools (502) are movably mounted on the bottom surface of the elastic plate (501), and the bottom of the intrusion shearing tools (502) can intrude into the rock sample (4) to be measured; The middle area of ​​the elastic plate (501) is the load bearing area (50101), the areas on both sides of the load bearing area (50101) are transition areas (50102), and the intrusive shearing tool (502) is located in the load bearing area (50101); A first strain sensor (7), a vertical stress sensor (8) and a second strain sensor (9) are arranged on the top surface of the load bearing area (50101) in sequence from left to right; A vertical displacement sensor (10) is provided in the vertical loading cylinder (6); A lateral loading cylinder (12) is respectively provided on both lateral sides of the rock sample mold (3) to be measured, and the lateral inner sides of the lateral loading cylinders (12) can be tightly pressed against the outer wall of the rock sample mold (3) to be measured; A transverse stress sensor (13) is provided at the contact point between the transverse loading cylinder (12) and the rock sample mold (3) to be measured; and a transverse displacement sensor (14) is provided inside the transverse loading cylinder (12).

2. The intrusive rock mass characteristic measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of wedge-shaped tool slots (503) are provided on the elastic plate (501) in a transverse direction, and a pair of wedge-shaped tool adjustment holes (504) are provided on the elastic plate (501) between the pair of wedge-shaped tool slots (503); The wedge-shaped tool slide groove (503) and the wedge-shaped tool adjustment hole (504) are provided with wedge-shaped tool adjustment bolts (505), the top ends of the wedge-shaped tool adjustment bolts (505) are fixedly mounted on the adjustment plate (506), the adjustment plate (506) is arranged on the top surface of the elastic plate (501) along the longitudinal direction, and the bottom end of the wedge-shaped tool adjustment bolts (505) is fixedly mounted with an intrusion shearing tool (502); The wedge-shaped tool adjustment bolt (505) is capable of moving laterally in the wedge-shaped tool slide groove (503), and the adjustment plate (506) and the intrusion shearing tool (502) are movably mounted on the elastic plate (501) through the wedge-shaped tool adjustment bolt (505).

3. The intrusive rock mass characteristic measurement system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A support block (507) is fixedly disposed on each of the elastic plates (501) on both lateral sides of the intrusive shearing tool (502), and the two support blocks (507) are respectively close to the two lateral ends of the elastic plate (501).

4. The intrusive rock mass characteristic measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of limit cylinders (15) are also fixedly mounted on the cross beam (102), and the pair of limit cylinders (15) are respectively located on two lateral sides of the vertical loading cylinder (6); the top ends of the limit cylinders (15) are fixedly mounted on the cross beam (102), and the bottom ends of the limit cylinders (15) are against the top surface of the elastic plate (501).

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