A self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device and method

Abstract

The present application discloses a self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device and method. The device includes a shock wave generating part, where the negative electrode mounting seat and the positive electrode mounting seat of the shock wave generating part are arranged at intervals, and both ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the negative electrode mounting seat and the positive electrode mounting seat; both ends of the metal wire are respectively connected to the electrode of the negative electrode mounting seat and the electrode of the positive electrode mounting seat; the water outlet of the water injection pipeline is arranged on the positive electrode mounting seat; both the first expansion part and the second expansion part include a rubber sleeve and a driving device for driving the outer diameter of the rubber sleeve to expand, and the rubber sleeve is made of an elastic material; the positioning mechanism is arranged at the rear side of the second expansion part; the positioning mechanism, the first expansion part, the shock wave generating part, the telescopic part, and the second expansion part are all electrically connected to the output end of the control cabinet through transmission cables. The present application solves the problem of low construction efficiency in the prior art that when the shock wave generator operates, a large amount of water needs to be injected and a pushing mechanism needs to be set up.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of shock wave rock breaking, and particularly relates to a self-driven controllable shock wave rock breaking device and method. Background Art

[0002] In aspects such as the demolition of urban concrete beams, and the pre-cracking of tunnel rocks and mine rocks, it is necessary to pre-crack the rock mass or concrete first to facilitate further processing. Conventional explosive materials such as explosives have great technical advantages in rock breaking, but the shock waves generated by explosives have poor controllability, high danger, and poor environmental protection. Therefore, a safer and more environmentally friendly shock wave generator is currently used for rock breaking. When performing shock wave operations through a shock wave generator in a horizontal borehole or an upward borehole, a hole mouth device needs to be installed at the hole mouth of the borehole for sealing, and then the interval between the hole mouth of the borehole and the operation point can be filled with water, and the hole mouth device prevents the water in the borehole from flowing out of the borehole. For the operation of a downward borehole, it is necessary to fill the interval between the bottom of the borehole and the operation point with water. When the water injection interval is long, a large amount of water needs to be injected, so there is a problem of low construction efficiency. At the same time, it is also necessary to set up a push rod and a pushing mechanism on the ground to push the shock wave generator to the set position of the borehole, so the operation steps are cumbersome and the construction efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0003] By providing a self-driven controllable shock wave rock breaking device and method in an embodiment of this application, the problem of low construction efficiency existing in the prior art during the operation of a shock wave generator, such as the need to inject a large amount of water and the need to set up a pushing mechanism, is solved.

[0004] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a self-driven controllable shock wave rock breaking device, including a water injection pipeline, a positioning mechanism, and a first expansion part, a shock wave generating part, a telescopic part, and a second expansion part that are connected in sequence from front to back;

[0005] The shock wave generating part includes a negative electrode mounting seat, a positive electrode mounting seat, a connecting rod, and a metal wire;

[0006] The negative electrode mounting seat and the positive electrode mounting seat are arranged at intervals, the number of the connecting rods is more than two, and more than two connecting rods are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the negative electrode mounting seat and the positive electrode mounting seat, and both ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the negative electrode mounting seat and the positive electrode mounting seat; a window for the shock wave to pass through is provided between adjacent two connecting rods;

[0007] Both ends of the metal wire are respectively connected to the electrode of the negative electrode mounting seat and the electrode of the positive electrode mounting seat;

[0008] The water injection pipeline outlet is arranged on the positive electrode mounting seat, and pipeline channels for the water injection pipeline to pass through are arranged on the telescopic part and the second expansion part;

[0009] Both the first expansion part and the second expansion part include a rubber sleeve and a driving device for driving the outer diameter of the rubber sleeve to expand, and the rubber sleeve is made of an elastic material;

[0010] The positioning mechanism is arranged at the rear side of the second expansion part;

[0011] The positioning mechanism, the first expansion part, the shock wave generating part, the telescopic part, and the second expansion part are all electrically connected to the output end of the control cabinet through transmission cables.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, through holes are arranged on the connecting rod, the negative electrode mounting seat, and the positive electrode mounting seat, and the through hole of the connecting rod, the through hole of the negative electrode mounting seat, and the through hole of the positive electrode mounting seat form a first channel;

[0013] A second channel penetrating through both ends is arranged at the center of the telescopic part; a third channel penetrating through both ends is arranged at the center of the second expansion part; the second channel and the third channel form the pipeline channel;

[0014] The cable of the first expansion part and the cable of the negative electrode mounting seat sequentially pass through the first channel, the second channel, and the third channel and then are connected to the output end of the transmission cable;

[0015] The cable of the positive electrode mounting seat sequentially passes through the second channel and the third channel and then is connected to the output end of the transmission cable;

[0016] The cable of the telescopic part passes through the third channel and then is connected to the output end of the transmission cable;

[0017] The cable of the second expansion part is connected to the output end of the transmission cable.

[0018] In a possible implementation manner, a plurality of annular grooves are arranged on the outer wall of the rubber sleeve, and the plurality of annular grooves are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the rubber sleeve.

[0019] In a possible implementation manner, the driving device of the second expansion part includes a hollow hydraulic cylinder, a second front cone sleeve, a second rear cone sleeve, and a second expansion block; the hollow hydraulic cylinder includes a hollow pipe, a second cylinder body, a second piston rod, and a piston;

[0020] The second cylinder block is of an annular structure, the second piston rod is of a cylindrical structure with openings at both ends, the second front conical sleeve, the second rear conical sleeve, the second cylinder block and the second piston rod are all sleeved on the hollow tube, and the rear end of the second piston rod extends into the second cylinder block and is connected to the piston;

[0021] The front end of the hollow tube is connected to the rear part of the telescopic part, the front end of the second front conical sleeve abuts against the rear end of the telescopic part, the rear end of the second rear conical sleeve abuts against the front end of the second piston rod, both the second front conical sleeve and the second rear conical sleeve are frustum-shaped, and the small-mouth ends of the second front conical sleeve and the second rear conical sleeve are arranged opposite to each other;

[0022] The number of the second expansion blocks is more than two, and the more than two second expansion blocks are arranged circumferentially on the hollow tube and are located between the second front conical sleeve and the second rear conical sleeve; thrust surfaces that cooperate with the inclined surfaces of the second front conical sleeve and the second rear conical sleeve are respectively arranged on the inner walls at both ends of the second expansion block;

[0023] The rubber sleeve is sleeved outside the more than two second expansion blocks;

[0024] The second cylinder block drives the second piston rod to move on the hollow tube, so that the second front conical sleeve and the second rear conical sleeve approach each other, and the second front conical sleeve and the second rear conical sleeve push the second expansion block to move radially along the hollow tube through the thrust surfaces.

[0025] In a possible implementation manner, a return spring is sleeved on the hollow tube, and both ends of the return spring respectively abut against the second front conical sleeve and the second rear conical sleeve.

[0026] In a possible implementation manner, the number of the second expansion blocks is four, the structures of the four second expansion blocks are the same, and the second expansion blocks are made of metal.

[0027] In a possible implementation manner, shock-absorbing structures with the same structure are arranged between the negative electrode mounting seat and the first expansion part, and between the positive electrode mounting seat and the telescopic part; the shock-absorbing structure includes a telescopic sleeve and an elastic member; the elastic member is sleeved on the telescopic sleeve, and the telescopic sleeve includes a sleeve and an inner rod which are sleeved and connected.

[0028] In a possible implementation manner, the distances between the negative electrode mounting seat and the rubber sleeve of the first expansion part, and between the positive electrode mounting seat and the rubber sleeve of the second expansion part are both greater than 200 mm.

[0029] In a possible implementation, leak - proof rings are provided at both ends of the rubber sleeve. Both the leak - proof ring and the rubber sleeve are made of elastic rubber material, and the end of the leak - proof ring abuts against the inclined surface of the second front conical sleeve or the second rear conical sleeve.

[0030] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a self - driving controllable shock - wave rock - breaking method, which includes the following steps:

[0031] Place the self - driving controllable shock - wave rock - breaking device in the borehole;

[0032] Control the rubber sleeve of the first expansion part to expand, so that the outer wall of the rubber sleeve abuts against the inner wall of the borehole, and then fix the self - driving controllable shock - wave rock - breaking device in the borehole through the first expansion part;

[0033] Repeat the following steps until the window for the shock wave to pass through on the shock - wave generating part is located at the position to be operated: Control the telescopic part to contract, then control the rubber sleeve of the second expansion part to expand, so that the outer wall of the rubber sleeve abuts against the inner wall of the borehole, control the rubber sleeve of the first expansion part to contract to the initial state, and fix the self - driving controllable shock - wave rock - breaking device in the borehole through the second expansion part;

[0034] Control the telescopic part to extend, then control the rubber sleeve of the first expansion part to expand, so that the outer wall of the rubber sleeve abuts against the inner wall of the borehole, control the rubber sleeve of the second expansion part to contract to the initial state, and fix the self - driving controllable shock - wave rock - breaking device in the borehole through the first expansion part; during this process, the self - driving controllable shock - wave rock - breaking device moves into the borehole;

[0035] Control the rubber sleeves of both the first expansion part and the second expansion part to remain in the expanded state; a water - injection space is formed between the first expansion part and the second expansion part;

[0036] Inject water into the water - injection space through a water - injection pipeline so that the water - injection space is filled with water. At this time, the metal wire is immersed in the water;

[0037] Pass high - voltage direct current into the shock - wave generating part through a transmission cable. After the high - voltage direct current is loaded onto the metal wire, the metal wire undergoes electro - explosion to form a shock wave, and the shock wave fractures the rock at the position to be operated.

[0038] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiment of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0039] The embodiment of the present invention provides a self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device and method. The self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device of the present invention can automatically move into the drill hole and then move to a set position. Therefore, there is no need to set a push rod and a pushing mechanism, which simplifies the construction steps of the method and reduces the labor intensity of the staff. The outer wall of the rubber sleeve of the present invention abuts against the inner wall of the drill hole, which can play a certain sealing role and slow down the rate of water flowing out from the gap between the outer wall of the expansion part and the inner wall of the drill hole, thus ensuring the smooth progress of the shock wave operation. The expansion part of the present invention can well fix the position of the device, prevent the device from being impacted and moving or even flying out of the drill hole due to the application of the shock wave force, and at the same time can also reduce the energy loss generated during the discharge instant of the shock wave generating part. Therefore, the operation efficiency and safety are improved. By setting an expansion part with a sealing function, it can also replace the orifice device in the traditional operation. After the device of the present invention is pushed in place, a small amount of water is injected to implement the shock wave operation, avoiding the problem in the prior art that the operation point to the orifice, the operation point to the bottom of the hole, and even the entire drill hole need to be filled with water to implement the shock wave operation. Therefore, the operation efficiency is further improved. The method has good operation effect, high safety, strong practicability and is convenient for popularization and use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first expansion part and the shock wave generating part provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the telescopic part and the second expansion part provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first expansion block or the second expansion block provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 It is a schematic working state diagram of the self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Reference numerals: 1 - positioning mechanism; 2 - first expansion part; 21 - first hydraulic cylinder; 22 - first front cone sleeve; 23 - first rear cone sleeve; 24 - first expansion block; 25 - first cylinder block; 26 - first piston rod; 27 - pushing head; 3 - shock wave generating part; 31 - negative electrode mounting seat; 32 - positive electrode mounting seat; 33 - connecting rod; 34 - metal wire; 35 - electrode; 4 - telescopic part; 5 - second expansion part; 51 - hollow hydraulic cylinder; 52 - second front cone sleeve; 53 - second rear cone sleeve; 54 - second expansion block; 55 - hollow pipe; 56 - second cylinder block; 57 - second piston rod; 6 - water outlet; 7 - rubber sleeve; 71 - annular groove; 8 - shock absorption structure; 81 - telescopic sleeve; 82 - elastic part; 9 - first channel; 10 - second channel; 11 - third channel; 12 - return spring; 13 - pushing surface; 14 - anti-leakage ring; 15 - drilling; 16 - water injection space; 17 - transmission cable; 18 - water injection pipeline; 19 - control cabinet; 20 - water tank; 21 - oil pump assembly. Detailed implementation manners

[0047] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0048] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. The terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, the terms "installation", "connection", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0049] As Figures 1 to 5As shown in the figure, the self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a water injection pipeline 18, a positioning mechanism 1, and a first expansion part 2, a shock wave generating part 3, a telescopic part 4, and a second expansion part 5 that are connected in sequence from front to back.

[0050] The shock wave generating part 3 includes a negative electrode mounting seat 31, a positive electrode mounting seat 32, a connecting rod 33, and a metal wire 34.

[0051] The negative electrode mounting seat 31 and the positive electrode mounting seat 32 are arranged at intervals. The number of the connecting rods 33 is more than two. More than two connecting rods 33 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the negative electrode mounting seat 31 and the positive electrode mounting seat 32. The two ends of the connecting rod 33 are respectively connected to the negative electrode mounting seat 31 and the positive electrode mounting seat 32. A window for the shock wave to pass through is provided between two adjacent connecting rods 33.

[0052] The two ends of the metal wire 34 are respectively connected to the electrode 35 of the negative electrode mounting seat 31 and the electrode 35 of the positive electrode mounting seat 32.

[0053] The water outlet 6 of the water injection pipeline 18 is arranged on the positive electrode mounting seat 32. A pipeline channel for the water injection pipeline 18 to pass through is provided on the telescopic part 4 and the second expansion part 5.

[0054] Both the first expansion part 2 and the second expansion part 5 include a rubber sleeve 7 and a driving device for driving the outer diameter of the rubber sleeve 7 to expand. The rubber sleeve 7 is made of an elastic material.

[0055] The positioning mechanism 1 is arranged at the rear side of the second expansion part 5.

[0056] The positioning mechanism 1, the first expansion part 2, the shock wave generating part 3, the telescopic part 4, and the second expansion part 5 are all electrically connected to the output end of the control cabinet 19 through a transmission cable 17.

[0057] It should be noted that the control cabinet 19 controls the telescopic movement of the telescopic part 4 through the transmission cable 17, controls the expansion or contraction of the first expansion part 2 and the second expansion part 5 through the transmission cable 17, controls the shock wave generating part 3 to perform shock wave operations through the transmission cable 17. The positioning mechanism 1 sends the real-time position to the control cabinet 19 through the transmission cable 17. The positioning mechanism 1 can adopt devices such as a position sensor or a distance sensor. The use of the positioning mechanism 1 is prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0058] The driving device drives the outer diameter of the rubber sleeve 7 to expand, thereby achieving the purpose of fixing the device at a set position in the drill hole 15 through the first expansion part 2 or the second expansion part 5.

[0059] The water injection pipeline 18 is used to inject water at the window through which the shock wave passes, submerging the wire 34 in water, so that the wire 34 is electrically exploded by the water to form a shock wave. The device can also be provided with a drainage pipeline, which can drain the water. Of course, it can also be drained from between the first tightening part 2 or the second tightening part 5 and the hole wall of the drilling hole 15 after the first tightening part 2 or the second tightening part 5 contracts. When the sealing effect at the contact between the rubber sleeve 7 and the hole wall of the drilling hole 15 is good, an exhaust channel and an exhaust valve can be provided on the electrode 35 of the negative electrode mounting seat 31 and the positive electrode mounting seat 32, so as to facilitate the discharge of the air between the first tightening part 2 and the second tightening part 5, thus ensuring the smooth injection of water. The structures of the exhaust channel and the exhaust valve are conventional technical means for technicians in this field and will not be further described here.

[0060] In this embodiment, through holes are provided on the connecting rod 33, the negative electrode mounting seat 31, and the positive electrode mounting seat 32. The through hole of the connecting rod 33, the through hole of the negative electrode mounting seat 31, and the through hole of the positive electrode mounting seat 32 form a first channel 9.

[0061] A second channel 10 penetrating through both ends thereof is provided at the center of the telescopic part 4. A third channel 11 penetrating through both ends thereof is provided at the center of the second tightening part 5. The second channel 10 and the third channel 11 form a pipeline channel.

[0062] The cable of the first tightening part 2 and the cable of the negative electrode mounting seat 31 sequentially pass through the first channel 9, the second channel 10, and the third channel 11 and are then connected to the output end of the transmission cable 17.

[0063] The cable of the positive electrode mounting seat 32 sequentially passes through the second channel 10 and the third channel 11 and is then connected to the output end of the transmission cable 17.

[0064] The cable of the telescopic part 4 passes through the third channel 11 and is then connected to the output end of the transmission cable 17.

[0065] The cable of the second tightening part 5 is connected to the output end of the transmission cable 17.

[0066] It should be noted that by providing the first channel 9, the second channel 10, and the third channel 11 inside the self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device, the present invention can facilitate the laying of cables such as cables, water injection pipelines 18, and oil pipelines, so as not to affect the normal movement of the device in the drilling hole 15 and ensure the sealing effect of the first tightening part 2 and the second tightening part 5. As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the arrows in the figure indicate the laying paths of the cables. The parts where the corresponding channels are not opened for the laying paths are in an omitted state, and only the laying directions are shown.

[0067] The telescopic part 4 adopts a hollow-structured hydraulic cylinder, which is convenient for laying cables.

[0068] In this embodiment, a plurality of annular grooves 71 are provided on the outer wall of the rubber sleeve 7, and the plurality of annular grooves 71 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the rubber sleeve 7.

[0069] It should be noted that the rubber sleeve 7 is made of an elastic material. When the device is clamped in the drilling hole 15 through the first tightening part 2 or the second tightening part 5, the rubber sleeve 7 is compressed. The rubber sleeve 7 can improve the sealing performance between the outer wall of the tightening part and the inner wall of the drilling hole 15, thereby further slowing down the rate of water flowing out from the gap between the outer wall of the tightening part and the inner wall of the drilling hole 15, so that the metal wire 34 is still immersed in water before the shock wave operation is completed, thus ensuring the smooth progress of the shock wave operation.

[0070] The plurality of annular grooves 71 on the outer wall of the rubber sleeve 7 can increase the friction force between it and the inner wall of the drilling hole 15, thereby further fixing the position of the device and preventing the device from moving or even flying out of the drilling hole 15 due to the application of the shock wave force. At the same time, it can further improve the sealing performance between the outer wall of the tightening part and the inner wall of the drilling hole 15.

[0071] In this embodiment, the driving device of the second tightening part 5 includes a hollow hydraulic cylinder 51, a second front conical sleeve 52, a second rear conical sleeve 53, and a second tightening block 54. The hollow hydraulic cylinder 51 includes a hollow pipe 55, a second cylinder body 56, a second piston rod 57, and a piston.

[0072] The second cylinder body 56 is of an annular structure, the second piston rod 57 is of a cylindrical structure with openings at both ends, the second front conical sleeve 52, the second rear conical sleeve 53, the second cylinder body 56 and the second piston rod 57 are all sleeved on the hollow pipe 55, and the rear end of the second piston rod 57 extends into the second cylinder body 56 and is connected to the piston.

[0073] The front end of the hollow pipe 55 is connected to the rear part of the telescopic part 4, the front end of the second front conical sleeve 52 abuts against the rear end of the telescopic part 4, the rear end of the second rear conical sleeve 53 abuts against the front end of the second piston rod 57, both the second front conical sleeve 52 and the second rear conical sleeve 53 are frustum-shaped, and the small-mouth ends of the second front conical sleeve 52 and the second rear conical sleeve 53 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0074] The number of the second tightening blocks 54 is more than two. The more than two second tightening blocks 54 are arranged circumferentially on the hollow pipe 55 and are located between the second front conical sleeve 52 and the second rear conical sleeve 53. Thrust surfaces 13 that cooperate with the inclined surfaces of the second front conical sleeve 52 and the second rear conical sleeve 53 are respectively provided on the inner walls at both ends of the second tightening block 54.

[0075] The rubber sleeve 7 is sleeved outside the more than two second tightening blocks 54.

[0076] The second cylinder block 56 drives the second piston rod 57 to move on the hollow tube 55, causing the second front conical sleeve 52 and the second rear conical sleeve 53 to approach each other. The second front conical sleeve 52 and the second rear conical sleeve 53 push the second expansion block 54 to move radially along the hollow tube 55 through the thrust surface 13.

[0077] It should be noted that the oil pump assembly 21 of the hollow hydraulic cylinder 51 is arranged on the ground. There are two oil ports arranged on both sides of the second cylinder block 56. The hollow hydraulic cylinder 51 can meet the usage requirements of laying cables in the present invention. The first expansion part 2 and the second expansion part 5 can also adopt a structure such as an airbag. A compression joint for protecting the cable is arranged at the rear end of the hollow tube 55.

[0078] When the second expansion part 5 works, it drives the hollow hydraulic cylinder 51 to act, causing the second piston rod 57 to move forward on the hollow tube 55. During this process, the second front conical sleeve 52 and the second rear conical sleeve 53 gradually approach each other. The inclined surfaces of the second front conical sleeve 52 and the second rear conical sleeve 53 push the thrust surfaces 13 at both ends of the second expansion block 54, causing the second expansion block 54 to move radially along the hollow tube 55. More than two second expansion blocks 54 move simultaneously, so that the overall outer diameter of more than two second expansion blocks 54 becomes larger, and then drives the rubber sleeve 7 to expand until the outer wall of the rubber sleeve 7 abuts against the inner wall of the drilling hole 15, and finally the device is clamped in the drilling hole 15. After the shock wave operation is completed, control the second piston rod 57 to move backward on the hollow tube 55, and multiple second expansion blocks 54 can return to the initial state under the action of the elastic force of the rubber sleeve 7. The hollow hydraulic cylinder 51 can apply a relatively large pulling force, and then can make the rubber sleeve 7 fit tightly with the inner wall of the drilling hole 15. The expansion part has a simple structure and no precision components, so it is not easily damaged by the impact of the shock wave, and thus has a long service life.

[0079] In this embodiment, the driving device of the first expansion part 2 includes a first hydraulic cylinder 21, a first front conical sleeve 22, a first rear conical sleeve 23, and a first expansion block 24. The first hydraulic cylinder 21 includes a first cylinder block 25, a first piston rod 26, and a piston.

[0080] Both the first front conical sleeve 22 and the first rear conical sleeve 23 are sleeved on the first piston rod 26. The rear end of the first piston rod 26 extends into the first cylinder block 25 and is connected to the piston.

[0081] The front end of the first piston rod 26 is connected to a push head, and the front end of the push head is frustum-shaped.

[0082] The front end of the first front conical sleeve 22 abuts against the rear end of the push head, and the rear end of the first rear conical sleeve 23 abuts against the front end of the first cylinder block 25. Both the first front conical sleeve 22 and the first rear conical sleeve 23 are frustum-shaped, and the small-mouth ends of the first front conical sleeve 22 and the first rear conical sleeve 23 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0083] The number of the first tightening blocks 24 is more than two. More than two first tightening blocks 24 are arranged on the circumference of the first piston rod 26 and are located between the first front conical sleeve 22 and the first rear conical sleeve 23. Thrust surfaces 13 which are matched with the inclined surfaces of the first front conical sleeve 22 and the first rear conical sleeve 23 are respectively arranged on the inner walls at both ends of the first tightening block 24.

[0084] The rubber sleeve 7 is sleeved outside more than two first tightening blocks 24.

[0085] The first cylinder block 25 drives the first piston rod 26 to contract, so that the first front conical sleeve 22 and the first rear conical sleeve 23 approach each other. The first front conical sleeve 22 and the first rear conical sleeve 23 push the first tightening block 24 to move radially along the first piston rod 26 through the thrust surfaces 13.

[0086] It should be noted that the oil pump assembly 21 of the first hydraulic cylinder 21 is arranged on the ground, and two oil ports are arranged on both sides of the first cylinder block 25.

[0087] When the first tightening part 2 works, it drives the first hydraulic cylinder 21 to act, so that the first piston rod 26 contracts. In this process, the first front conical sleeve 22 and the first rear conical sleeve 23 gradually approach each other. The inclined surfaces of the first front conical sleeve 22 and the first rear conical sleeve 23 push the thrust surfaces 13 at both ends of the first tightening block 24, so that the first tightening block 24 moves radially along the first piston rod 26. More than two first tightening blocks 24 move simultaneously, so that the overall outer diameter of more than two first tightening blocks 24 becomes larger, and then drives the rubber sleeve 7 to expand until the outer wall of the rubber sleeve 7 abuts against the inner wall of the drill hole 15, and finally the device is clamped in the drill hole 15. After the shock wave operation is completed, the first piston rod 26 is controlled to extend, and the plurality of first tightening blocks 24 can return to the initial state under the action of the elastic force of the rubber sleeve 7. The first hydraulic cylinder 21 can apply a relatively large pulling force, and then can make the rubber sleeve 7 fit tightly with the inner wall of the drill hole 15. The tightening part has a simple structure and no precision parts, and is not easily damaged by the impact of the shock wave, so it has a long service life.

[0088] In this embodiment, a return spring 12 is sleeved on the hollow tube 55, and both ends of the return spring 12 respectively abut against the second front conical sleeve 52 and the second rear conical sleeve 53.

[0089] It should be noted that after the shock wave operation is completed, the second piston rod 57 is controlled to move backward on the hollow tube 55 until the second front conical sleeve 52 and the second rear conical sleeve 53 return to the initial position. When the hollow hydraulic cylinder 51 unloads and contracts, the return spring 12 can further make the second front conical sleeve 52 and the second rear conical sleeve 53 move away from each other and return to the initial position.

[0090] In this embodiment, a return spring 12 is sleeved on the first piston rod 26, and both ends of the return spring 12 respectively abut against the first front conical sleeve 22 and the first rear conical sleeve 23.

[0091] It should be noted that the return springs 12 on the first piston rod 26 and the return springs 12 on the hollow tube 55 have the same function.

[0092] In this embodiment, the number of the second expansion blocks 54 is four. The four second expansion blocks 54 have the same structure and are made of metal.

[0093] It should be noted that when the four second expansion blocks 54 are in the initial position, their side walls are in contact with each other. After adjustment, the gap between two second expansion blocks 54 gradually becomes larger. The four second expansion blocks 54 have good fixing effect and can apply force to the rubber sleeve 7 evenly.

[0094] In this embodiment, the number of the first expansion blocks 24 is four. The four first expansion blocks 24 have the same structure and are made of metal.

[0095] In this embodiment, shock-absorbing structures 8 with the same structure are arranged between the negative electrode mounting seat 31 and the first expansion part 2, and between the positive electrode mounting seat 32 and the telescopic part 4. The shock-absorbing structure 8 includes a telescopic sleeve 81 and an elastic member 82. The elastic member 82 is sleeved on the telescopic sleeve 81. The telescopic sleeve 81 includes a sleeve and an inner rod which are sleeved and connected.

[0096] It should be noted that the elastic member 82 can be made of silica gel. The sleeve and the inner rod can be telescopic. At the same time, a limiting structure is arranged between the sleeve and the inner rod so that the sleeve and the inner rod will not separate. When the device performs a shock wave operation, both the first expansion part 2 and the second expansion part 5 are fixed to the drill hole 15. The thrust generated by the shock wave pushes the negative electrode mounting seat 31 and the positive electrode mounting seat 32 to move outward. The elastic member 82 is compressed and deformed, thereby absorbing a certain amount of energy, thus improving the safety of the device during use.

[0097] In this embodiment, the distances between the negative electrode mounting seat 31 and the rubber sleeve 7 of the first expansion part 2, and between the positive electrode mounting seat 32 and the rubber sleeve 7 of the second expansion part 5 are both greater than 200 mm.

[0098] It should be noted that after multiple tests, sometimes the first expansion part 2, the second expansion part 5 and the inner wall of the drill hole 15 are not in a completely sealed state, so water will flow out from their gaps. Although the outflow rate is not high, in order to ensure that the metal wire 34 is always immersed in water, the distances between the negative electrode mounting seat 31 and the rubber sleeve 7 of the first expansion part 2, and between the positive electrode mounting seat 32 and the rubber sleeve 7 of the second expansion part 5 are both set to be greater than 200 mm. In this way, the water level can be higher than the metal wire by more than 200 mm. Thus, before the shock wave operation is completed, although the water continuously flows out, the metal wire 34 can always be immersed in water, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the shock wave operation.

[0099] In this embodiment, leak-proof rings 14 are provided at both ends of the rubber sleeve 7. Both the leak-proof rings 14 and the rubber sleeve 7 are made of elastic rubber material, and the end of the leak-proof ring 14 abuts against the inclined surface of the second front cone sleeve 52 or the second rear cone sleeve 53.

[0100] It should be noted that after the gap between the two second expansion blocks 54 gradually becomes larger, both ends of the leak-proof ring 14 abut against the rubber sleeve 7 and the second front cone sleeve 52 or the second rear cone sleeve 53 respectively, thereby preventing water from flowing out through the gap between the two second expansion blocks 54.

[0101] The leak-proof ring 14 and the rubber sleeve 7 can adopt an integral rubber structure, and the second expansion block 54 is located in the annular space formed by the leak-proof ring 14 and the rubber sleeve 7, thereby further improving the sealing performance.

[0102] In this embodiment, leak-proof rings 14 with the same structure as the second expansion part 5 are provided at both ends of the rubber sleeve 7 of the first expansion part 2.

[0103] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a self-driven controllable shock wave rock breaking method, including the following steps:

[0104] Place the self-driven controllable shock wave rock breaking device in the drill hole 15.

[0105] Control the rubber sleeve 7 of the first expansion part 2 to expand, so that the outer wall of the rubber sleeve 7 abuts against the inner wall of the drill hole 15, and further fix the self-driven controllable shock wave rock breaking device in the drill hole 15 through the first expansion part 2.

[0106] Repeat the following steps until the window for the shock wave to pass through on the shock wave generating part 3 is located at the position to be operated: control the telescopic part 4 to contract, then control the rubber sleeve 7 of the second expansion part 5 to expand, so that the outer wall of the rubber sleeve 7 abuts against the inner wall of the drill hole 15, control the rubber sleeve 7 of the first expansion part 2 to contract to the initial state, and fix the self-driven controllable shock wave rock breaking device in the drill hole 15 through the second expansion part 5.

[0107] Control the telescopic part 4 to extend, then control the rubber sleeve 7 of the first expansion part 2 to expand, so that the outer wall of the rubber sleeve 7 abuts against the inner wall of the drill hole 15, control the rubber sleeve 7 of the second expansion part 5 to contract to the initial state, and fix the self-driven controllable shock wave rock breaking device in the drill hole 15 through the first expansion part 2. During this process, the self-driven controllable shock wave rock breaking device moves into the drill hole 15.

[0108] Control the rubber sleeves 7 of both the first expansion part 2 and the second expansion part 5 to remain in the expanded state. An injection space 16 is formed between the first expansion part 2 and the second expansion part 5.

[0109] Water is injected into the water injection space 16 through the water injection pipeline 18 to fill the water injection space 16 with water. At this time, the wire 34 is immersed in the water.

[0110] A high-voltage direct current is applied to the shock wave generating part 3 through the transmission cable 17. After the high-voltage direct current is applied to the wire 34, the wire 34 undergoes an electro-explosion to form a shock wave, and the shock wave fractures the rock at the position to be operated.

[0111] It should be noted that the self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device of the present invention can automatically move into the drill hole 15 and then move to the set position, realizing a self-driven moving mode. Therefore, there is no need to set a push rod and a pushing mechanism, which simplifies the construction steps of the method and reduces the labor intensity of the staff.

[0112] The outer wall of the rubber sleeve 7 of the present invention abuts against the inner wall of the drill hole 15, which can play a certain sealing role and slow down the rate of water flowing out from the gap between the outer wall of the tightening part and the inner wall of the drill hole 15, thus ensuring the smooth progress of the shock wave operation. The tightening part of the present invention can well fix the position of the device, prevent the device from being impacted and moving or even flying out of the drill hole 15 due to the application of the shock wave, and at the same time reduce the energy loss generated instantaneously when the shock wave generating part 3 discharges, so the operation efficiency and safety are improved. By setting a tightening part with a sealing function, it can also replace the orifice device in traditional operations. After the present invention pushes the device in place and injects a small amount of water, the shock wave operation can be carried out, avoiding the problem in the prior art that the operation point to the orifice, the operation point to the bottom of the hole, and even the entire drill hole need to be filled with water to carry out the shock wave operation. Therefore, the operation efficiency is further improved. This method has good operation effect, high safety, strong practicability and is convenient for popularization and use.

[0113] In this embodiment, for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device, characterized in that: It includes a water injection pipeline (18), a positioning mechanism (1), and a first expansion part (2), a shock wave generating part (3), a telescopic part (4), and a second expansion part (5) connected in sequence from front to back; The shock wave generating part (3) includes a negative electrode mounting seat (31), a positive electrode mounting seat (32), a connecting rod (33), and a metal wire (34); The negative electrode mounting seat (31) and the positive electrode mounting seat (32) are arranged at intervals. The number of the connecting rods (33) is more than two. More than two connecting rods (33) are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the negative electrode mounting seat (31) and the positive electrode mounting seat (32). The two ends of the connecting rod (33) are respectively connected to the negative electrode mounting seat (31) and the positive electrode mounting seat (32); between adjacent two connecting rods (33) is a window for the shock wave to pass through; Both ends of the metal wire (34) are respectively connected to the electrode (35) of the negative electrode mounting seat (31) and the electrode (35) of the positive electrode mounting seat (32); The water outlet (6) of the water injection pipeline (18) is arranged on the positive electrode mounting seat (32). A pipeline channel for the water injection pipeline (18) to pass through is arranged on the telescopic part (4) and the second expansion part (5); Both the first expansion part (2) and the second expansion part (5) include a rubber sleeve (7) and a driving device for driving the outer diameter of the rubber sleeve (7) to expand. The rubber sleeve (7) is made of an elastic material; The positioning mechanism (1) is arranged at the rear side of the second expansion part (5); The positioning mechanism (1), the first expansion part (2), the shock wave generating part (3), the telescopic part (4), and the second expansion part (5) are all electrically connected to the output end of a control cabinet (19) through a transmission cable (17).

2. The self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device according to claim 1, wherein: Through holes are arranged on the connecting rod (33), the negative electrode mounting seat (31), and the positive electrode mounting seat (32). The through hole of the connecting rod (33), the through hole of the negative electrode mounting seat (31), and the through hole of the positive electrode mounting seat (32) form a first channel (9); A second channel (10) penetrating through both ends thereof is arranged at the center of the telescopic part (4); a third channel (11) penetrating through both ends thereof is arranged at the center of the second expansion part (5); the second channel (10) and the third channel (11) form the pipeline channel; The cable of the first expansion part (2) and the cable of the negative electrode mounting seat (31) sequentially pass through the first channel (9), the second channel (10), and the third channel (11) and then are connected to the output end of the transmission cable (17); The cable of the positive electrode mounting seat (32) sequentially passes through the second channel (10) and the third channel (11) and then is connected to the output end of the transmission cable (17); The cable of the telescopic part (4) passes through the third channel (11) and then is connected to the output end of the transmission cable (17); The cable of the second expansion part (5) is connected to the output end of the transmission cable (17).

3. The self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the rubber sleeve (7) is provided with a plurality of annular grooves (71), and the plurality of annular grooves (71) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the rubber sleeve (7).

4. The self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving device of the second tightening part (5) includes a hollow hydraulic cylinder (51), a second front tapered sleeve (52), a second rear tapered sleeve (53), and a second tightening block (54); the hollow hydraulic cylinder (51) includes a hollow pipe (55), a second cylinder block (56), a second piston rod (57), and a piston; The second cylinder block (56) is of an annular structure, the second piston rod (57) is of a cylindrical structure with openings at both ends, the second front tapered sleeve (52), the second rear tapered sleeve (53), the second cylinder block (56) and the second piston rod (57) are all sleeved on the hollow pipe (55), and the rear end of the second piston rod (57) extends into the second cylinder block (56) and is connected to the piston; The front end of the hollow pipe (55) is connected to the rear part of the telescopic part (4), the front end of the second front tapered sleeve (52) abuts against the rear end of the telescopic part (4), the rear end of the second rear tapered sleeve (53) abuts against the front end of the second piston rod (57), both the second front tapered sleeve (52) and the second rear tapered sleeve (53) are frustum-shaped, and the small-mouth ends of the second front tapered sleeve (52) and the second rear tapered sleeve (53) are arranged opposite to each other; The number of the second tightening blocks (54) is more than two, and the more than two second tightening blocks (54) are arranged circumferentially on the hollow pipe (55) and are located between the second front tapered sleeve (52) and the second rear tapered sleeve (53); abutting surfaces (13) that cooperate with the inclined surfaces of the second front tapered sleeve (52) and the second rear tapered sleeve (53) are respectively arranged on the inner walls at both ends of the second tightening block (54); The rubber sleeve (7) is sleeved outside the more than two second tightening blocks (54); The second cylinder block (56) drives the second piston rod (57) to move on the hollow pipe (55), so that the second front tapered sleeve (52) and the second rear tapered sleeve (53) approach each other, and the second front tapered sleeve (52) and the second rear tapered sleeve (53) push the second tightening block (54) to move radially along the hollow pipe (55) through the abutting surface (13).

5. The self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A return spring (12) is sleeved on the hollow pipe (55), and both ends of the return spring (12) respectively abut against the second front tapered sleeve (52) and the second rear tapered sleeve (53).

6. The self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of the second tightening blocks (54) is four, and the structures of the four second tightening blocks (54) are the same. The second tightening block (54) is made of metal material.

7. The self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shock-absorbing structure (8) with the same structure is provided between the negative electrode mounting base (31) and the first expansion part (2), and between the positive electrode mounting base (32) and the telescopic part (4). The shock-absorbing structure (8) includes a telescopic sleeve (81) and an elastic member (82); the elastic member (82) is sleeved on the telescopic sleeve (81), and the telescopic sleeve (81) includes a sleeve and an inner rod that are sleeved and connected.

8. The self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device according to claim 1, wherein: The distances between the negative electrode mounting base (31) and the rubber sleeve (7) of the first expansion part (2), and between the positive electrode mounting base (32) and the rubber sleeve (7) of the second expansion part (5) are both greater than 200 mm.

9. The self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Leak-proof rings (14) are provided at both ends of the rubber sleeve (7). The leak-proof rings (14) and the rubber sleeve (7) are both made of elastic rubber material, and the end of the leak-proof ring (14) abuts against the inclined surface of the second front cone sleeve (52) or the second rear cone sleeve (53).

10. A self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking method, characterized in that, Using the self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the following steps are included: Place the self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device in the drill hole (15); Control the rubber sleeve (7) of the first expansion part (2) to expand, so that the outer wall of the rubber sleeve (7) abuts against the inner wall of the drill hole (15), and then fix the self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device in the drill hole (15) through the first expansion part (2); Repeat the following steps until the window for the shock wave to pass through on the shock wave generating part (3) is located at the position to be operated: control the telescopic part (4) to contract, then control the rubber sleeve (7) of the second expansion part (5) to expand, so that the outer wall of the rubber sleeve (7) abuts against the inner wall of the drill hole (15), control the rubber sleeve (7) of the first expansion part (2) to contract to the initial state, and fix the self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device in the drill hole (15) through the second expansion part (5); Control the telescopic part (4) to extend, then control the rubber sleeve (7) of the first expansion part (2) to expand, so that the outer wall of the rubber sleeve (7) abuts against the inner wall of the drill hole (15), control the rubber sleeve (7) of the second expansion part (5) to contract to the initial state, and fix the self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device in the drill hole (15) through the first expansion part (2); during this process, the self-driven controllable shock wave rock-breaking device moves into the drill hole (15); Control the rubber sleeves (7) of both the first expansion part (2) and the second expansion part (5) to remain in the expanded state; a water injection space (16) is formed between the first expansion part (2) and the second expansion part (5); Inject water into the water injection space (16) through a water injection pipeline (18) so that the water injection space (16) is filled with water. At this time, the metal wire (34) is immersed in the water; Pass high-voltage direct current into the shock wave generating part (3) through a transmission cable (17). After the high-voltage direct current is applied to the metal wire (34), the metal wire (34) undergoes electro-explosion to form a shock wave, and the shock wave fractures the rock at the position to be operated.

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