Waterproof Equipment and Application Method for Seepage Water during Tunnel Construction Phase

Abstract

Waterproof equipment and application method for seepage water leakage during tunnel construction stage. The waterproof equipment includes three parts: a waterproof device, a water collection device and a traveling device. The waterproof device is composed of an arched support, longitudinal rods and a waterproof membrane. The water collection device is composed of a water collection tank and a water collecting tank. The water collection tank includes three parts: a water collection part, a water flowing part and a tightening part. A chute is arranged at the lower part of the water collection part, and a sliding drive is arranged at the end of the chute. The water collecting tank is a water tank arranged longitudinally along the tunnel. The waterproof membrane is made of a flexible waterproof material, and the lower edge part of the waterproof membrane adopts an arc-shaped structure. The traveling device is installed at the bottom of the arched support, and the traveling device includes a traveling frame, a motor, a brake and traveling wheels. The application steps are as follows: (1) Install the waterproof device. (2) Make the tightening part of the water collection tank tighten against the tunnel rock wall. (3) Install the water collecting tank and carry out the application. (4) The tunnel advances forward, and the waterproof equipment moves forward. (5) Repeat step (4) until the tunnel excavation is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a waterproof technology before the waterproof layer construction during the tunnel drilling and blasting excavation process. Background Art

[0002] In the vast southern and eastern regions of China, the underground rock formations contain abundant groundwater. When tunnel excavation is carried out, due to the reduction of water pressure in the excavation area, a large amount of groundwater floods into the tunnel. Especially when fissures or fractures appear in the surrounding rock, this situation is even more serious. In the initial stage of tunnel excavation, since the tunnel waterproof construction has not been carried out yet, a large amount of water seepage and leakage will occur on the tunnel vault and side walls, causing great inconvenience to the construction, and further seriously affecting the construction conditions and progress of subsequent processes.

[0003] At present, for this water seepage situation in the initial stage of tunnel excavation, mainly passive waterproof and drainage measures are adopted, such as construction workers wearing raincoats and rain boots during the construction process. This not only is not conducive to the progress of the construction, but also when the temperature in the tunnel is relatively high, it will increase the discomfort of the construction workers, and even cause phenomena such as heatstroke for the workers. On the other hand, the accumulated water at the lower part of the tunnel will cause inconvenience to the operation of machinery. Especially under the combined action of repeated rolling of machinery and accumulated water at the lower part of the tunnel structure, phenomena such as fragmentation and becoming muddy will occur. This will not only increase the difficulty of walking, but also affect the soil and rock properties at the bottom of the tunnel, increasing the difficulty of further construction. However, since the depth of the accumulated water at the bottom of the tunnel is small at this time, it is difficult to effectively drain the accumulated water. Therefore, in the initial stage of tunnel excavation, effective waterproofing and drainage of the tunnel excavation working area are of great significance for ensuring the safe and smooth progress of tunnel construction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a waterproof device and an application method for water seepage and leakage during the tunnel construction stage.

[0005] The present invention is a waterproof device for preventing water leakage during tunnel construction and an application method. The waterproof device for preventing water leakage during tunnel construction includes three parts: a waterproof device 1, a water collecting device 2 and a running device 3. The waterproof device 1 is composed of an arch support 4, a longitudinal rod 5 and a waterproof membrane 6; the arch support 4 is arranged at both longitudinal ends of the waterproof device 1, and the arch supports 4 are connected by the longitudinal rod 5; the arch support 4 and the longitudinal rod 5 are both in the form of steel pipes; the water collecting device 2 is composed of a water collecting trough 7 and a water collecting trough 8; the water collecting trough 7 includes ... It includes three parts: a water collecting part 11, a water flowing part 12 and a tightening part 13. The cross section of the water collecting part 11 is an inverted trapezoidal open form, the side wall A14 is a flat plate, and the top 15 of the side wall B is bent downward; the water flowing part 12 of the water collecting trough 7 adopts a rectangular cross section, and the water collecting part 11 and the water flowing part 12 are both made of a harder material; a chute 16 is arranged at the lower part of the water collecting part 11, and the chute 16 is consolidated together with the longitudinal square steel 17 at its bottom, and the two ends of the longitudinal square steel 17 are connected to the arch bracket 4.

[0006] The application method of the waterproof device for water leakage in the tunnel construction stage of the present invention comprises the following steps: Step (1): installing an arch support 4 and a longitudinal rod 5, and covering them with a waterproof membrane 6; controlling the distance between the waterproof device and the tunnel excavation face to be between 0.3 and 0.5 m;

[0007] Step (2): braking by the brake 27 of the running device 3;

[0008] Step (3): installing the water collecting trough 7, and making the pressing part 13 of the water collecting trough 7 press against the tunnel rock wall 9;

[0009] Step (4): Install the water collection trough 8, and check the water collection and drainage conditions of the water collection trough 7 and the water collection trough 8, and then apply;

[0010] Step (5): During tunnel excavation, the waterproof device is moved forward once every 2 to 3 m of excavation. Step (6): When moving the waterproof device, the water collecting trough 7 and the tunnel rock wall 9 are first slid away, and then the brake 27 is released, and the running wheel 28 is driven to rotate by the motor 26, so that the waterproof device is moved forward.

[0011] Step (7): After the waterproof device is moved to the position, the driving of the motor 26 is stopped, the brake 27 is braked, and then the pressing part 13 of the water collection tank 7 is pressed against the tunnel rock wall 9;

[0012] Step (8): During the tunnel excavation process, steps (6) and (7) can be repeated in sequence until the excavation is completed and the waterproofing equipment is removed and transported out of the tunnel.

[0013] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that by setting up the tunnel construction waterproofing equipment, the seepage and leakage of the tunnel rock wall before the initial support is made in the construction stage can be collected and discharged, so as to minimize the impact of the tunnel rock wall leakage on the construction, and ensure the progress and quality of the construction. The patented structure is relatively simple and practical, which can ensure the progress and quality of the project without polluting the environment, and has significant economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is the elevation drawing of the waterproof equipment. Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the waterproof device. Figure 3 This is the structural diagram of the arch support. Figure 4 This is the elevation view of the water collection device. Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the water collection device. Figure 6 This is the horizontal elevation of the water collection tank. Figure 7 This is the longitudinal elevation of the water collection tank. Figure 8 It is the II cross-section diagram. Figure 9 It is the Ⅱ-Ⅱ cross-section diagram. Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the sliding drive. Figure 11 Diagram for calculating the size of the drainage pipe diameter. Figure 12 This is the elevation view of the running gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present invention is a waterproof device for preventing water leakage during tunnel construction and an application method. The waterproof device for preventing water leakage during tunnel construction includes three parts: a waterproof device 1, a water collecting device 2 and a running device 3. The waterproof device 1 is composed of an arch support 4, a longitudinal rod 5 and a waterproof membrane 6; the arch support 4 is arranged at both longitudinal ends of the waterproof device 1, and the arch supports 4 are connected by the longitudinal rod 5; the arch support 4 and the longitudinal rod 5 are both in the form of steel pipes; the water collecting device 2 is composed of a water collecting trough 7 and a water collecting trough 8; the water collecting trough 7 includes ... It includes three parts: a water collecting part 11, a water flowing part 12 and a tightening part 13. The cross section of the water collecting part 11 is an inverted trapezoidal open form, the side wall A14 is a flat plate, and the top 15 of the side wall B is bent downward; the water flowing part 12 of the water collecting trough 7 adopts a rectangular cross section, and the water collecting part 11 and the water flowing part 12 are both made of a harder material; a chute 16 is arranged at the lower part of the water collecting part 11, and the chute 16 is consolidated together with the longitudinal square steel 17 at its bottom, and the two ends of the longitudinal square steel 17 are connected to the arch bracket 4.

[0016] For the waterproof equipment used in tunnel construction described above, a sliding driver 18 is provided at each end of each chute 16. A driving knob 19 is installed on the sliding driver 18. At the same time, three scale marks 20 are provided on the sliding driver 18, namely a forward scale mark A20-1, a stop scale mark B20-2, and a backward scale mark C20-3: The cross-sectional form of the pressing part 13 of the water collecting tank 7 is the same as that of the water collecting part 11, and the pressing part 13 is made of a material with a relatively soft texture; The bottom surface of the water collecting tank 7 is provided with an inclination angle α1.

[0017] For the waterproof equipment used in tunnel construction described above, the collecting trough 8 is a trough arranged longitudinally along the tunnel and is fixedly connected to the arched support 4 by adopting a bracket structure 21; The collecting trough 8 is provided with a slope α2 longitudinally along the tunnel, so that the front end 22 of the collecting trough 8 in the tunnel excavation direction is higher than the rear end 23 in the tunnel excavation direction. A drain pipe 10 is provided at the rear end 23 of the collecting trough 8; The waterproof membrane 6 is made of a flexible waterproof material, and the lower edge part 24 of the waterproof membrane 6 adopts an arc-shaped structure.

[0018] For the waterproof equipment used in tunnel construction described above, the distance from the contact point between the pressing part 13 of the water collecting tank 7 and the tunnel rock wall 9 to the top of the arch waist is H1, the size of the cross-section of the arch top is H2, and the length of the waterproof equipment along the tunnel longitudinally is L1. Then the area of the waterproof equipment that can prevent the seepage of water from the tunnel rock wall is: The waterproof area S1 of the arch waist part = 2×H1×L1, and the waterproof area S2 of the arch top part = H2×L1; The water seepage volume per unit area per unit time of the tunnel rock wall in the arch waist part is V1, and the water seepage volume per unit area per unit time of the tunnel rock wall in the arch top part is V2. Then the water volume that needs to be discharged through the drain pipe per unit time by the waterproof equipment is:

[0019] V3 = S1×V1 + S2×V2 = 2×H1×L1×V 1+ H2×L1×V2.

[0020] For the waterproof equipment used in tunnel construction described above, the traveling device 3 is installed at the bottom of the arched support 4 and includes a traveling frame 25, a motor 26, a brake 27, and traveling wheels 28.

[0021] The application method of the waterproof equipment for seepage water during the tunnel construction stage of the present invention includes the following steps: Step (1): Install the arched support 4 and the longitudinal rod 5, and cover the waterproof membrane 6 on them; Control the distance between the waterproof equipment and the tunnel excavation face to be between 0.3 and 0.5 m;

[0022] Step (2): Brake the brake 27 of the traveling device 3;

[0023] Step (3): Install the water collecting tank 7 and make the pressing part 13 of the water collecting tank 7 press tightly against the tunnel rock wall 9;

[0024] Step (4): Install the water collection trough 8, and check the water collection and drainage conditions of the water collection trough 7 and the water collection trough 8, and then apply;

[0025] Step (5): During tunnel excavation, the waterproof device is moved forward once every 2 to 3 m of excavation. Step (6): When moving the waterproof device, the water collecting trough 7 and the tunnel rock wall 9 are first slid away, and then the brake 27 is released, and the running wheel 28 is driven to rotate by the motor 26, so that the waterproof device is moved forward.

[0026] Step (7): After the waterproof device is moved to the position, the driving of the motor 26 is stopped, the brake 27 is braked, and then the pressing part 13 of the water collection tank 7 is pressed against the tunnel rock wall 9;

[0027] Step (8): During the tunnel excavation process, steps (6) and (7) can be repeated in sequence until the excavation is completed and the waterproofing equipment is removed and transported out of the tunnel.

[0028] The following embodiments further describe the present invention: Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the tunnel construction waterproofing equipment includes three parts: a waterproofing device 1, a water collecting device 2 and a running device 3. The waterproofing device 1 is composed of an arch support 4, a longitudinal rod 5 and a waterproof membrane 6. The arch supports 4 are arranged at both ends of the waterproofing device 1 in the longitudinal direction, and the arch supports 4 are connected by longitudinal rods 5. The arch supports 4 and the longitudinal rods 5 are both in the form of steel pipes and assembled at the construction site.

[0029] like Figures 4 to 8 As shown, the water collection device 2 is composed of a water collection tank 7 and a water collection tank 8. The water collection tank 7 mainly collects the water flowing down from the waterproof membrane 6 and the water flowing down from the tunnel rock wall 9 and flows into the water collection tank 8, and then discharges the water through the drainage pipe 10. Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the water collection tank 7 includes three parts: a water collection part 11, a water flow part 12 and a tightening part 13. Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the cross section of the water collecting part 11 is an inverted trapezoidal open form, the side wall A 14 is a flat plate, and the top 15 of the side wall B is bent downward, so that it can form a waterproof structure with the side wall A 14 of another water collecting tank 7 to prevent the water from flowing out of the water collecting tank 7. Figure 9 As shown, the water flow portion 12 of the water collection tank 7 adopts a rectangular cross section, which is mainly used to discharge the water collected in the water collection portion 11 into the water collection tank 8. The water collection portion 11 and the water flow portion 12 are both made of a relatively hard material. Figures 4 to 8 As shown, a chute 16 is provided at the lower part of the water collecting part 11 , and the chute 16 is fixed together with a longitudinal square steel 17 at its bottom. Both ends of the longitudinal square steel 17 are connected to the arch support 4 to support the water collecting trough 7 and allow the water collecting trough 7 to slide along the chute 16 .

[0030] likeFigures 4 to 7 , Figure 10 As shown, a sliding driver 18 is provided at each end of the sliding groove 16. A driving knob 19 is installed on the sliding driver 18. At the same time, three scale marks 20 are provided on the sliding driver 18, namely the forward scale mark A 20-1, the stop scale mark B 20-2, and the backward scale mark C 20-3. By rotating the driving knob 19 to point to different scale marks 20, the water collecting device can slide towards the tunnel rock wall 9, stop, and slide away from the tunnel rock wall 9.

[0031] As Figure 4 , Figure 5 shown, the cross-sectional form of the pressing part 13 of the water collecting tank 7 is the same as that of the water collecting part 11. The pressing part 13 is made of a material with relatively soft texture. The end of the pressing part 13 presses against the tunnel rock wall 9 to intercept the water flowing down from the tunnel rock wall 9. An inclination angle α1 is provided on the bottom surface of the water collecting tank 7 to ensure that the water flows towards the water collecting trough 8. The relatively soft material at the end of the pressing part 13 can compensate for the influence of the uneven surface of the tunnel rock wall 9 to ensure that the end surface of the pressing part 13 is in close contact with the tunnel rock wall 9, so that all the flowing water flows into the water collecting tank 7 and no longer flows down along the tunnel rock wall 9.

[0032] As Figure 4 , Figure 5 shown, the water collecting trough 8 is a water trough arranged longitudinally along the tunnel and is fixedly connected to the arch support 4 by adopting a bracket structure 21. A slope α2 is provided along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel for the water collecting trough 8, so that the front end 22 of the water collecting trough 8 in the tunnel driving direction is higher than the rear end 23 in the tunnel driving direction to ensure that the water in the water collecting trough 8 flows backward. A drain pipe 10 is provided at the rear end 23 of the water collecting trough 8, and the water flow can be discharged from the drain pipe 10.

[0033] As Figure 4 shown, the waterproof membrane 6 is made of a flexible waterproof material and is used to prevent water from entering the inside of the waterproof device 1. The lower edge part 24 of the waterproof membrane 6 adopts an arc-shaped structure, so that the water flowing down from the upper part of the waterproof membrane 6 can directly flow into the water collecting tank at the lower edge part 24 and will not flow along the lower edge part 24 of the waterproof membrane to the inside of the waterproof membrane.

[0034] The distance from the contact point between the pressing part 13 of the water collecting tank 7 and the tunnel rock wall 9 to the top of the arch waist is H1, the size of the cross-section of the arch top is H2, and the length of the waterproof device along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel is L1. Then the area of the waterproof device that can prevent the seepage of water from the tunnel rock wall is: the waterproof area S1 of the arch waist part = 2×H1×L1, and the waterproof area S2 of the arch top part = H2×L1. The amount of water seeping per unit area and per unit time of the tunnel rock wall in the arch waist part is V1, and the amount of water seeping per unit area and per unit time of the tunnel rock wall in the arch top part is V2. Then the amount of water that the waterproof device needs to discharge through the drain pipe per unit time is:

[0035] V3 = S1×V1 + S2×V2 = 2×H1×L1×V 1+ H2×L1×V2.

[0036] As Figure 12 shown, the traveling device 3 is installed at the bottom of the arched support 4, and includes a traveling frame 25, a motor 26, a brake 27 and traveling wheels 28. The motor 26 can provide power for the walking of the waterproof device, and the brake 27 can ensure the stability of the waterproof device during the working stage.

[0037] The application method of the waterproof device for seepage water during the tunnel construction stage of the present invention comprises the steps of:

[0038] (1) Connect the arched support 4 and the longitudinal rod 5 at a suitable position to install a support frame, and cover a waterproof film 6 on the support frame. Control the distance between the waterproof device and the tunnel heading face to be between 0.3 and 0.5 m;

[0039] (2) Brake the brake 27 of the traveling device 3 to ensure that the waterproof device does not move during operation;

[0040] (3) Place the water collecting tank 7 in place, and make the tightening part 13 of the water collecting tank 7 tighten against the tunnel rock wall 9 by rotating the driving knob 19 on the rotary sliding driver 18;

[0041] (4) Install the water collecting trough 8, check the water collecting and draining conditions of the water collecting tank 7 and the water collecting trough 8, and then carry out the application;

[0042] (5) During the tunnel driving construction, every time the tunnel advances 2 - 3 m, move the waterproof device forward once;

[0043] (6) When moving the waterproof device, first make the water collecting tank 7 slide away from the tunnel rock wall 9 by rotating the driving knob 19 on the rotary sliding driver 18, then release the brake 27, and drive the traveling wheels 28 to rotate through the motor 26, so as to move the waterproof device forward;

[0044] (7) After the waterproof device moves into place, stop driving the motor 26, brake the brake 27, and then make the tightening part 13 of the water collecting tank 7 tighten against the tunnel rock wall 9;

[0045] (8) During the tunnel driving process, steps (6) and (7) can be repeated in sequence until the driving is completed, and then the waterproof device is removed and transported out of the tunnel.

Claims

1. Waterproof equipment for seepage water leakage during the tunnel construction stage, including three parts: a waterproof device (1), a water collection device (2), and a traveling device (3), characterized in that The waterproof device (1) is composed of an arch support (4), a longitudinal rod (5) and a waterproof membrane (6); the arch support (4) is arranged at both longitudinal ends of the waterproof device (1), and the arch supports (4) are connected by the longitudinal rod (5); the arch support (4) and the longitudinal rod (5) are both in the form of steel pipes; the water collection device (2) is composed of a water collection tank (7) and a water collection tank (8); the water collection tank (7) includes three parts: a water collection part (11), a water flow part (12) and a top tightening part (13); the water collection part The cross section of (11) is an inverted trapezoidal open form, the side wall A (14) is a flat plate, and the top (15) of the side wall B is bent downward; the water flow part (12) of the water collecting trough (7) adopts a rectangular cross section, and the water collecting part (11) and the water flow part (12) are both made of a hard material; a chute (16) is provided at the lower part of the water collecting part (11), and the chute (16) is fixed together with the longitudinal square steel (17) at its bottom, and the two ends of the longitudinal square steel (17) are connected to the arch support (4); A sliding driver (18) is provided at the end of each slide groove (16), and a driving knob (19) is installed on the sliding driver (18). Meanwhile, three scale marks (20) are provided on the sliding driver (18), namely a forward scale mark A (20-1), a stop scale mark B (20-2) and a backward scale mark C (20-3); the top tightening part (13) of the water collecting trough (7) has the same cross-sectional form as the water collecting part (11), and the top tightening part (13) is made of a relatively soft material; the bottom surface of the water collecting trough (7) is provided with an inclination angle α1; The water collection trough (8) is a water trough arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and is fixed together with the arch support (4) by using a bracket structure (21); the water collection trough (8) is provided with a slope α2 along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel so that the front end (22) of the water collection trough (8) in the tunnel excavation direction is higher than the rear end (23) in the tunnel excavation direction, and a drainage pipe (10) is provided at the rear end (23) of the water collection trough (8); the waterproof membrane (6) is made of a flexible waterproof material, and the lower edge (24) of the waterproof membrane (6) adopts an arc structure; The running device (3) is installed at the bottom of the arch support (4), and comprises a running frame (25), a motor (26), a brake (27) and a running wheel (28).

2. The waterproof device for seepage water during the tunnel construction stage according to claim 1, characterized in that The distance between the contact point (13) of the sump (7) and the tunnel rock wall (9) and the top of the arch is H1, the size of the arch cross section is H2, and the length of the waterproof device along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel is L1. Then, the waterproof device can prevent the tunnel rock wall from seeping water: the waterproof area of ​​the arch waist is S1 = 2 × H1 × L1, and the waterproof area of ​​the arch top is S2 = H2 × L1. The amount of water seepage per unit area per unit time of the tunnel rock wall at the arch waist is V1, and the amount of water seepage per unit area per unit time of the tunnel rock wall at the arch top is V2. Then, the amount of water that the waterproof device needs to discharge through the drainage pipe per unit time is: V3 = S1×V1 + S2×V2 = 2×H1×L1×V 1+ H2×L1×V2.

3. The application method of the waterproof device for seepage water during the tunnel construction stage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps are: Step (1): installing an arch support (4) and a longitudinal rod (5), and covering them with a waterproof membrane (6); controlling the distance between the waterproof equipment and the tunnel excavation face to be between 0.3 and 0.5 m; Step (2): Brake the brake (27) of the traveling device (3); Step (3): Install the water collecting tank (7), and make the tightening part (13) of the water collecting tank (7) press tightly against the tunnel rock wall (9); Step (4): Install the water collecting trough (8), check the water collection and drainage conditions of the water collecting tank (7) and the water collecting trough (8), and then apply it; Step (5): During the tunnel excavation construction, every time the tunnel advances 2 - 3 m forward, move the waterproof equipment forward once; Step (6): When moving the waterproof equipment, first slide the water collecting tank (7) away from the tunnel rock wall (9), then release the brake (27), and drive the traveling wheels (28) to rotate through the motor (26), so as to move the waterproof equipment forward; Step (7): After the waterproof equipment moves into place, stop driving the motor (26), brake the brake (27), and then make the tightening part (13) of the water collecting tank (7) press tightly against the tunnel rock wall (9); Step (8): During the tunnel excavation process, steps (6) and (7) can be repeated in sequence until the excavation is completed, and then remove the waterproof equipment and transport it out of the tunnel.

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