Analog battery control device, electronic device, charger and analog battery control method

Abstract

The present invention provides a device and the like capable of improving the convenience of reproducing the characteristics of a secondary battery under various conditions by using a simulated battery. Based on mutual communication between an electronic device (200) and / or a charger (400) connected to the electronic device (200) and a simulated battery control device (100), the operation of a simulated battery (230) mounted on the electronic device (200) is controlled, and a voltage V(t) corresponding to a current command value Icmd(t) is applied to a designated load (250). Furthermore, an output interface (204) of the electronic device (200) outputs operation characteristic information Info (OC(t)) corresponding to the operation characteristic OC(t) of the designated load (250) corresponding to the applied voltage V(t). Therefore, the user can grasp the operation characteristic OC(t) of the designated load (250) of the electronic device (200) when a voltage V(t) corresponding to the current command value Icmd(t) is applied to the designated load (250) of the electronic device (200) without taking the electronic device (200) to a professional institution, etc., thereby improving convenience for the user of the electronic device (200).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a technology for simulating the performance of secondary batteries such as lithium-ion batteries. Background Art

[0002] Regarding the internal resistance of secondary batteries, the equivalent circuit is constructed by connecting multiple parallel circuits of resistors R and capacitors C, and the changes in the current-voltage behavior waveform have been discussed. However, to describe the transient response waveform of the voltage over several seconds, the capacitor capacitance, which is a time constant element, must be in the range of several hundred to several thousand Farads. Such values ​​are not compatible with the AC impedance and its equivalent circuit model, which are used to evaluate the AC characteristics of batteries, and therefore cannot be said to reproduce the battery's behavior.

[0003] One characteristic of secondary batteries is internal resistance. For example, in lithium-ion secondary batteries (LIBs), complex chemical reactions occur within the battery, including electrode reactions, SEI reactions, and ion diffusion reactions. Therefore, the behavior of the battery voltage cannot be treated as a simple DC resistance and Ohm's law applied.

[0004] AC impedance analysis based on frequency response analysis (FRA) has been a well-known method for measuring the internal resistance of batteries. This method employs an equivalent circuit model to decompose various internal reactions into several time constant components for interpretation. The diffusion phenomenon known as Warburg resistance dominates the battery's second-order behavior, and incorporating this Warburg resistance into the operational model determines the model's performance. Measuring AC impedance requires specialized equipment such as a frequency response analyzer (FRA).

[0005] Prior art literature

[0006] Patent Literature

[0007] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 5924617 Summary of the Invention

[0008] Problems to be solved by the invention

[0009] However, in actual use, secondary batteries are connected to a load and repeatedly charged and discharged. In this case, the basic information needed to determine the secondary battery's status is simply the voltage, current, and temperature. Under these conditions, the battery's output voltage is affected by its internal resistance, which itself varies with temperature and battery degradation. Therefore, a method is needed to accurately reproduce the characteristics of the battery in actual operation.

[0010] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a device or the like that can improve the convenience of reproducing the characteristics of a secondary battery under various conditions using a simulated battery.

[0011] Methods for solving problems

[0012] The simulation battery control device of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises: a first control unit, which determines the value of a parameter of a secondary battery model based on communication with an electronic device, the value of the parameter of the secondary battery model representing the current correlation of the output voltage of a secondary battery that is already installed or to be installed on the electronic device as a power source; a second control unit, which identifies the time series of instruction current values ​​based on communication with the electronic device, and calculates the model output voltage as a voltage change pattern output from the secondary battery model when the time series of instruction current values ​​is input to the secondary battery model whose parameter value is identified by the first control unit; and a third control unit, which causes the simulation battery installed on the electronic device or the power supply device to apply the model output voltage calculated by the second control unit to a specified load of the electronic device based on communication with the electronic device or the power supply device serving as a charging power source for the secondary battery.

[0013] The simulated battery control method of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises: a first control step of determining the value of a parameter of a secondary battery model based on communication with an electronic device, the value of the parameter of the secondary battery model representing the current correlation of the output voltage of a secondary battery already installed or to be installed on the electronic device as a power source; a second control step of identifying the time series of instruction current values ​​based on communication with the electronic device, and calculating the model output voltage as a voltage change mode output from the secondary battery model when the time series of instruction current values ​​is input to the secondary battery model whose parameter value is identified in the first control step; and a third control step of causing the simulated battery already installed on the electronic device or the power supply device to apply the model output voltage calculated in the second control step to a specified load of the electronic device based on communication with the electronic device or the power supply device serving as a charging power source for the secondary battery.

[0014] The electronic device of the present invention is to be equipped with a secondary battery as a power source, and is characterized in that it comprises: a simulated battery; a designated load; a first device control unit, which, based on communication with the simulated battery control device, enables the first control unit constituting the simulated battery control device to determine the value of a parameter of a secondary battery model, the value of the parameter of the secondary battery model representing the current correlation of the output voltage of the secondary battery; a second device control unit, which, based on communication with the simulated battery control device, enables the second control unit constituting the simulated battery control device to identify a time series of instruction current values, and when the time series of instruction current values ​​is input to the secondary battery model whose parameter values ​​are identified by the first control unit, calculates a model output voltage as a voltage change pattern output from the secondary battery model; and a third device control unit, which, based on communication with the simulated battery control device, causes the model output voltage calculated by the second control unit to be applied from the simulated battery to the designated load.

[0015] In the electronic device of the present invention, preferably, the first device control unit identifies the degree of degradation of the secondary battery based on communication with the simulation battery control device, and determines a value corresponding to the difference in the degree of degradation as a value of a parameter of the secondary battery model.

[0016] In the electronic device of the present invention, preferably, the first device control unit uses a temperature sensor to measure the temperature of the electronic device or the simulated battery, and based on communication with the simulated battery control device, enables the first control unit to identify the measurement result of the temperature of the electronic device or the simulated battery, and determines the value corresponding to the difference in the measurement result of the temperature as the value of the parameter of the secondary battery model.

[0017] In the electronic device of the present invention, preferably, the first device control unit causes the first control unit to determine the value of the parameter of the secondary battery model, and the second device control unit causes the second control unit to calculate the model output voltage, which is a necessary condition for the presence of a first specified operation through the input interface of the electronic device.

[0018] In the electronic device of the present invention, preferably, with the existence of a power OFF operation through the input interface of the electronic device as the first designated operation as a necessary condition, the first device control unit enables the first control unit to determine the value of the parameter of the secondary battery model, and the second device control unit enables the second control unit to calculate the model output voltage.

[0019] In the electronic device of the present invention, preferably, the first device control unit determines the value of the parameter of the secondary battery model and the second device control unit calculates the model output voltage, provided that the electronic device is connected to the charger.

[0020] In the electronic device of the present invention, preferably, the third device control unit causes the output interface of the electronic device to output information related to the action characteristics of the specified load when the simulated battery applies the model output voltage calculated by the second control unit to the specified load of the electronic device.

[0021] In the electronic device of the present invention, preferably, the presence of a second designated operation through the input interface of the electronic device is a necessary condition, and the third device control unit causes the output interface to output information related to the action characteristics of the designated load based on communication with the analog battery control device.

[0022] In the electronic device of the present invention, preferably, the second designated operation is based on the necessary condition of the operation of releasing the sleep state of the output interface through the input interface of the electronic device, and the third device control unit causes the output interface to output information related to the action characteristics of the designated load based on communication with the analog battery control device.

[0023] In the electronic device of the present invention, it is preferable that the electronic device be configured to be capable of mounting the dummy battery as a replacement battery for the secondary battery.

[0024] The charger of the present invention is connected to an electronic device to be equipped with a secondary battery as a power source, and is characterized in that it comprises: a simulated battery; a first charger control unit, which, based on communication with the simulated battery control device, causes the first control unit constituting the simulated battery control device to determine the value of a parameter of a secondary battery model, the value of the parameter of the secondary battery model representing the current correlation of the output voltage of the secondary battery; a second charger control unit, which, based on communication with the simulated battery control device, causes the second control unit constituting the simulated battery control device to identify a time series of instruction current values, and when the time series of instruction current values ​​is input to the secondary battery model whose parameter values ​​are identified by the first construction processing unit, calculates a model output voltage as a change in voltage output from the secondary battery model; and a third charger control unit, which, based on communication with the simulated battery control device, causes the model output voltage calculated by the second control unit to be applied from the simulated battery to a specified load of the electronic device.

[0025] In the charger of the present invention, preferably, the first charger control unit recognizes the degree of degradation of the secondary battery based on communication with the simulated battery control device, and determines a value corresponding to a difference in the degree of degradation as a parameter value of the secondary battery model.

[0026] In the charger of the present invention, preferably, the first charger control unit uses a temperature sensor to measure the temperature of the electronic device or the simulated battery, and based on communication with the simulated battery control device, enables the first control unit to identify the measurement result of the temperature of the electronic device or the simulated battery, and determines the value corresponding to the difference in the measurement result of the temperature as the value of the parameter of the secondary battery model.

[0027] In the charger of the present invention, preferably, the first charger control unit causes the first control unit to determine the value of the parameter of the secondary battery model, and the second charger control unit causes the second control unit to calculate the model output voltage, which is a necessary condition for a first designated operation to be performed through the input interface of the electronic device.

[0028] In the charger of the present invention, preferably, with the presence of a power OFF operation through the input interface of the electronic device as the first designated operation as a necessary condition, the first charger control unit causes the first control unit to determine the value of the parameter of the secondary battery model, and the second charger control unit causes the second control unit to calculate the model output voltage.

[0029] In the charger of the present invention, preferably, the first charger control unit causes the first control unit to determine the value of the parameter of the secondary battery model, and the second charger control unit causes the second control unit to calculate the model output voltage, provided that the electronic device is connected to the charger.

[0030] In the charger of the present invention, preferably, the third charger control unit causes the output interface of the electronic device to output information related to the operating characteristics of the specified load when the simulated battery applies the model output voltage calculated by the second control unit to the specified load of the electronic device.

[0031] In the charger of the present invention, preferably, the third charger control unit causes the output interface to output information related to the operating characteristics of the designated load based on communication with the analog battery control device, subject to the necessary condition that a second designated operation is performed through the input interface of the electronic device.

[0032] In the charger of the present invention, preferably, the second designated operation is performed with the operation of releasing the dormant state of the output interface through the input interface of the electronic device as a necessary condition, and the third charger control unit causes the output interface to output information related to the action characteristics of the designated load based on communication with the analog battery control device.

[0033] In the charger of the present invention, it is preferable that the dummy battery be detachably mounted and configured to be mountable on the electronic device as a replacement battery for the secondary battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a diagram for explaining the structure of a pseudo battery control system as the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is an explanatory diagram of an example of the structure of a simulated battery.

[0036] Figure 3 1 is a flowchart showing the first procedure of the simulated battery control method.

[0037] Figure 4 1 is a flowchart showing the second procedure of the simulated battery control method.

[0038] Figure 5 This is an explanatory diagram regarding the calculation results of the voltage command value based on the current command value.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a flowchart showing the procedure for creating a secondary battery model.

[0040] Figure 7 This is an explanatory diagram of the Nyquist diagram of a secondary battery.

[0041] Figure 8 This diagram explains the AC impedance method.

[0042] Figure 9A This is a diagram illustrating a first example of an equivalent circuit of the internal resistance of a secondary battery.

[0043] Figure 9B This is a diagram illustrating a second example of an equivalent circuit of the internal resistance of a secondary battery.

[0044] Figure 10A is a diagram showing the transfer function of an IIR system.

[0045] Figure 10B It is a diagram showing the transfer function of an FIR system.

[0046] Figure 11This is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a pseudo battery control system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 12A This diagram explains pulse current.

[0048] Figure 12B This diagram illustrates the voltage response characteristics of a secondary battery and a secondary battery model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] (First embodiment)

[0050] (Structure of a simulated battery control system)

[0051] Figure 1 The simulated battery control system shown as the first embodiment of the present invention comprises a simulated battery control device 100 and an electronic device 200, which are capable of communicating with each other via a network. The simulated battery control device 100 comprises one or more servers capable of accessing a database 10. The simulated battery control device 100 evaluates the performance of a secondary battery 240 mounted as a power source in the electronic device 200.

[0052] The simulated battery control device 100 includes a first control unit 110, a second control unit 120, and a third control unit 130. Each of the first control unit 110, the second control unit 120, and the third control unit 130 is composed of a processor (processing unit), a memory (storage device), and an I / O circuit.

[0053] In addition to various data such as measurement results of the voltage response characteristics of the secondary battery 240 to current (e.g., pulse current), the memory or a separate storage device stores and retains programs or software. For example, multiple identifiers identifying the type (determined by specifications and parameters) of the secondary battery 240 or the electronic device 200 in which it is installed are stored and retained in the memory in association with each of multiple secondary battery models. The processor reads the necessary programs and data from the memory and, based on this data, executes operations according to the programs, thereby performing the operations or tasks assigned to each of the units 110, 120, and 130, as described below.

[0054] Electronic device 200 includes an input interface 202, an output interface 204, a sensor group 206, a device control device 220, a simulated battery 230, a secondary battery 240, and a designated load 250. Electronic device 200 includes any device that uses secondary battery 240 as a power source, such as a personal computer, a mobile phone (smartphone), a home appliance, or a mobile device such as an electric bicycle. Electronic device 200 is connected to charger 400 via a connection terminal, or secondary battery 240 is charged via a wireless connection.

[0055] The device control device 220 includes a first device control unit 221, a second device control unit 222, and a third device control unit 223. The first device control unit 221, the second device control unit 222, and the third device control unit 223 are each composed of a processor (processing unit), a memory (storage device), and an I / O circuit. In the memory or a separate storage device, a simulated battery identifier ID (m0), a simulated battery temperature T (m1), and a virtual degradation degree D (m2) are stored and maintained (see Figure 3 The device control device 220 operates based on the power supplied from the secondary battery 240 and controls the operation of the electronic device 200 in the powered state.

[0056] Each unit "recognizes" information and performs all calculations required to prepare information, such as receiving information, searching or reading information from an information source such as the database 10, and calculating or estimating information based on other information.

[0057] The operation of the electronic device 200 includes the operation of the actuator (electric actuator, etc.) that constitutes the designated load 250 of the electronic device 200. The processor constituting the device control device 220 reads necessary programs and data from the memory and, based on the data, executes the calculations assigned to it according to the program.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, simulated battery 230 includes a D / A converter 231 and an amplifier 232. Upon receiving the voltage command value Vcmd(t) output from the secondary battery model, D / A converter 231 performs D / A conversion. Amplifier 232 applies a voltage V(t) corresponding to the output from D / A converter 231 to electronic device 200 or its load. "(t)" refers to the value or time series at time t.

[0059] The calculator (second control unit 120), which corresponds to the secondary battery model, includes a calculator 121, a model parameter setting unit 122, an output unit 123, and an adder 124. When a current command value Icmd(t) is input, calculator 121 calculates the output voltage derived from the virtual internal resistance of simulated battery 230. The values ​​of the parameters defining the transfer function H of calculator 121 are set or changed by model parameter setting unit 122 based on the degree of degradation D(n2) of the virtual secondary battery simulated by simulated battery 230. Output unit 123 outputs the virtual open-circuit voltage OCV(t) of simulated battery 230. Adder 124 adds the outputs of calculator 121 and output unit 123.

[0060] Simulated battery 230 may also be configured as an external power source such as a commercial power source connected to electronic device 200. Simulated battery 230 may also be installed in electronic device 200 in place of secondary battery 240. Simulated battery 230 may also include second calculation unit 122. In this case, second calculation unit 122 may also be configured by control device 210 constituting electronic device 200.

[0061] Secondary battery 240 is, for example, a lithium-ion battery, but may also be another type of secondary battery, such as a nickel-metal hydride battery or a nickel-cadmium battery. Sensor group 206 measures the voltage response characteristics and temperature of secondary battery 240 and also measures the values ​​of parameters required for controlling electronic device 200. Sensor group 206 includes, for example, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a temperature sensor that output signals corresponding to the voltage, current, and temperature of secondary battery 240, respectively.

[0062] The simulated battery control device 100 may also be installed in the electronic device 200. In this case, a software server (not shown) may transmit degradation determination software to the processing unit constituting the device control device 220 included in the electronic device 200, thereby endowing the processing unit with the function of the simulated battery control device 100.

[0063] (Simulation battery control method)

[0064] use Figure 3 and Figure 4 The flowchart shown illustrates a method for controlling the operation of simulated battery 230 or a method for constructing the simulated battery control system according to the first embodiment of the aforementioned structure. In this flowchart, blocks "C" are used for simplicity and refer to the transmission and / or reception of data, and conditional branches that execute processing in the branch direction based on the transmission and / or reception of data.

[0065] In the electronic device 200, the first device control unit 221 determines whether the electronic device 200 is connected to the charger 400 ( Figure 3 / STEP210). If the result of this determination is negative ( Figure 3 / STEP210 ... NO), a series of processes are ended, and it is determined again whether the electronic device 200 is connected to the charger 400.

[0066] On the other hand, if the determination result is positive ( Figure 3 / STEP210...YES), further determining whether there is a first designated operation ( Figure 3 / STEP 212). For example, an operation for switching the power of the electronic device 200 from the ON state to the OFF state, an operation for switching the power of the electronic device 200 from the OFF state to the ON state, an operation for stopping the operation of a specified application or designated load 250 so as to reduce the computing processing load such as CPU usage below a threshold, or an operation for starting a specified application or designated load 250 all belong to the "first designated operation."

[0067] If the result of this determination is negative ( Figure 3 / STEP212…NO), a series of processes are terminated, and a process of determining whether the electronic device 200 is connected to the charger 400 is executed ( Figure 3 / STEP210) and subsequent processing.

[0068] On the other hand, when it is determined that the first designation operation has occurred ( Figure 3 / STEP212...YES), the first device control unit 221 identifies the battery identifier ID (m0) for identifying the type of the virtual secondary battery (or secondary battery 240) simulated by the simulated battery 230 ( Figure 3 / STEP 214 ). The first device control unit 221 may also identify the battery identifier ID ( m0 ) based on the type of the virtual secondary battery set via the input interface 202 of the electronic device 200 .

[0069] The first device control unit 221 recognizes the temperature T(m1) of the virtual secondary battery simulated by the simulated battery 230 ( Figure 3 / STEP 216). For example, the first device control unit 221 may recognize the temperature of the electronic device 200 measured by the temperature sensor constituting the sensor group 206 of the electronic device 200 as the virtual secondary battery temperature T(m1). Alternatively, the first device control unit 221 may recognize the temperature set via the input interface 202 of the electronic device 200 as the virtual secondary battery temperature T(m1).

[0070] The first device control unit 221 recognizes the degradation degree D(m2) of the virtual secondary battery simulated by the simulated battery 230 ( Figure 3 / STEP 218 . For example, the first device control unit 221 may recognize the degradation degree set via the input interface 202 of the electronic device 200 as the virtual secondary battery degradation degree D(m2).

[0071] The second device control unit 222 identifies the current command value Icmd(t) ( Figure 3 / STEP220). For example, the second device control unit 222 may recognize the current target value for the designated load 250, which is set based on the operating status of the electronic device 200 measured by the sensor group 206 of the electronic device 200, as the current command value Icmd(t). In addition, the second device control unit 222 may recognize the current target value set via the input interface 202 of the electronic device 200 as the current command value Icmd(t). Thus, for example, Figure 5 The current command value Icmd(t) changes with time as shown by the solid line in the upper row.

[0072] The first device control unit 221 transmits the identifier ID (m0) for identifying the type of the virtual secondary battery, the temperature T (m1), and the degree of degradation D (m2) to the simulated battery control device 100, and the second device control unit 222 transmits the current command value Icmd (t) to the simulated battery control device 100 ( Figure 3 / STEP222).

[0073] In the simulated battery control device 100 , when the first control unit 110 recognizes the identifier ID (m0) for identifying the type of the virtual secondary battery, the temperature T (m1), and the degree of degradation D (m2) ( Figure 3 / C11), based on the recognition result, a secondary battery model ( Figure 3 / STEP 110). This corresponds to the model parameter setting unit 122 setting the virtual secondary battery 230 based on its degradation degree D(n2). Figure 2 The values ​​of the parameters P(m0, m1, m2) defining the transfer function H of calculator 121 are set or changed. The secondary battery model outputs a voltage value V(t) estimated or predicted to be output by the secondary battery when a current value I(t) is input. Various models, such as those described in Japanese Patent Application Publication Nos. 2008-241246, 2010-203935, and 2017-138128, can also be used as secondary battery models.

[0074] The second control unit 120 inputs the current command value Icmd(t) to the selected secondary battery model, and calculates the voltage command value Vcmd(t) as the output of the secondary battery model ( Figure 3 / STEP120). Thus, for example, calculation Figure 5 The voltage command value Vcmd(t) that changes as indicated by the thin line in the lower row serves as the output of the secondary battery model.

[0075] Then, the voltage command value Vcmd(t) calculated by the second control unit 120 is sent to the electronic device 200 ( Figure 4 / STEP130). Accordingly, in the electronic device 200, when the voltage command value Vcmd(t) is recognized by the third device control unit 223 ( Figure 4 / C21), the third device control unit 223 applies the voltage V(t) after gain multiplication by the amplifier 232 in the simulated battery 230 to the specified load 250 based on the voltage command value Vcmd(t). Figure 4 / STEP224). Thus, for example, Figure 5 A voltage V(t) that changes as indicated by a bold line in the lower row is applied to a predetermined load 250 .

[0076] The third device control unit 223 recognizes the operating characteristic OC(t) of the specified load 250 when the voltage V(t) is applied. Figure 4 / STEP 226). For example, when designated load 250 is an actuator, the time series of the displacement or work of the actuator measured by the displacement sensor or the like constituting sensor group 206 is identified as the operating characteristic OC(t). For example, when designated load 250 is a computing processing resource such as a CPU, the time series of the temperature of the computing processing resource measured by the temperature sensor or the like constituting sensor group 206 is identified as the operating characteristic OC(t).

[0077] Next, the third device control unit 223 sends the operating characteristic OC(t) of the designated load 250 to the simulated battery control device 100 ( Figure 4 / STEP228). Accordingly, in the simulated battery control device 100, when the third control unit 130 recognizes the operating characteristic OC(t) of the designated load 250 ( Figure 4 / C12), the third control unit 130 generates the motion characteristic information Info(OC(t)) indicating the motion characteristic OC(t) ( Figure 4 / STEP 132). For example, a graph or line chart representing the operation characteristic OC(t) of the specified load 250 may be referenced, and further reference may be made to the operation characteristic OC(t) to generate operation characteristic information Info (OC(t)) including information on whether the operation of the specified load 250 is abnormal. The operation characteristic information Info (OC(t)) may also be registered in the database 10 in association with a device identifier for identifying the electronic device 200.

[0078] Next, in the electronic device 200, the third device control unit 223 determines whether there is a second designated operation ( Figure 4 / STEP230). For example, the "second designated operation" includes an operation for switching the output interface 204 of the electronic device 200 from the ON state to the OFF state, an operation for switching the output interface 204 of the electronic device 200 from the OFF state (or the sleep state) to the ON state (or the sleep release state), an operation for stopping the operation of a specified application or load so as to reduce the computing processing load such as CPU usage below a threshold, or an operation for starting a specified application or load.

[0079] If the result of this determination is negative ( Figure 4 / STEP230...NO), a series of processes are terminated, and a determination process of whether the electronic device 200 is connected to the charger 400 is executed ( Figure 3 / STEP210) and subsequent processing.

[0080] On the other hand, when it is determined that the second designation operation has occurred ( Figure 4 / STEP230...YES), the operation characteristic information request is sent to the simulated battery control device 100 through the third device control unit 223 ( Figure 4 / STEP232). Accordingly, in the simulated battery control device 100, when the third control unit 130 recognizes the operation characteristic information request ( Figure 4 / C13), the action characteristic information Info (OC(t)) is sent to the electronic device 200 via the third control unit 130 ( Figure 4 / STEP134).

[0081] In response to this, in the electronic device 200, when the third device control unit 223 recognizes the operation characteristic information Info (OC(t)) ( Figure 4 / C22), the third control unit 130 outputs the action characteristic information Info (OC(t)) through the output interface 204 ( Figure 4 / STEP234).

[0082] (Method for establishing a secondary battery model)

[0083] One embodiment of a method for creating a secondary battery model will be described. In this embodiment, parameters P(n0, n1, n2) of the secondary battery model are determined for each temperature T(n1) at each different degree of degradation D(n2) for each of the various secondary batteries 240 whose types are identified by an identifier ID(n0).

[0084] Specifically, first, in the simulated battery control device 100, the first index n1 and the second index n2 are set to "0" ( Figure 6 / STEP 302). The first index n1 is an index indicating the high or low temperature T of the secondary battery 240. The second index n2 is an index indicating the number of evaluations or the order of the evaluation periods of the degree of degradation D of the secondary battery 240.

[0085] The temperature T of the secondary battery 240 is controlled to be the temperature T(n1) ( Figure 6 / STEP 304). To adjust the temperature of the secondary battery 240, in addition to a heater (e.g., an electric heater) and a cooler (e.g., a cooling fan) disposed near the secondary battery 240, a temperature sensor disposed near the secondary battery 240 or attached to the housing of the secondary battery 240 is used.

[0086] The first control unit 110 recognizes the measurement result of the complex impedance Z (n0, n1, n2) of the secondary battery 240 ( Figure 6 / STEP 306 ). The complex impedance Z (n0, n1, n2) of the secondary battery 240 is measured by an AC impedance method, and the measurement result is registered in the database 10 in association with the battery identifier ID (n0) for identifying the type of the secondary battery 240 .

[0087] According to the AC impedance method, Figure 7 As shown, a combination of a frequency response analyzer (FRA) 241 and a potentiostat (PGS) 242 is used. The oscillator constituting the FRA 241 outputs a sinusoidal signal of an arbitrary frequency. The current signal I(t) and voltage signal V(t) of the secondary battery 240 corresponding to this sinusoidal signal are input from the PGS 242 to the FRA 241. The FRA 241 then converts the current signal I(t) and voltage signal V(t) into frequency domain data through a discrete Fourier frequency transform. The complex impedance Z(n0, n1, n2)(ω) at the frequency f = (ω / 2π) is then measured.

[0088] For example, the complex impedance Z (n0, n1, n2) of the secondary battery 240 is measured when the secondary battery 240 is not installed in the electronic device 200, such as before shipment. Alternatively, the complex impedance Z (n0, n1, n2) of the secondary battery 240 can be measured when the secondary battery 240 is installed in the electronic device 200. In this case, the control device 210 can constitute the FRA 241, and the PGS can constitute the sensor group 206. For example, the electronic device 200 can be connected to an external power source such as a commercial power source or a charger 400 to charge the secondary battery 240. The power supplied by this external power source or charger 400 can be used to output a sinusoidal wave signal.

[0089] exist Figure 8 In the figure, an example of a Nyquist plot showing the measured results of the complex impedance Z (n0, n1, n2) of the secondary battery 240 is shown together with an approximate curve of the figure. The horizontal axis is the real part ReZ of the complex impedance Z, and the vertical axis is the imaginary part -ImZ of the complex impedance Z. In the region where -ImZ>0, the larger the ReZ, the lower the frequency of the complex impedance Z. The value of ReZ when -ImZ=0 corresponds to the transfer resistance in the electrolyte of the secondary battery 240. The radius of curvature of the roughly semicircular portion in the region where -ImZ>0 corresponds to the charge transfer resistance of the secondary battery 240. This radius of curvature tends to become smaller as the temperature T of the secondary battery 240 increases. The linear portion that rises at approximately 45° in the low-frequency region of the -ImZ>0 region reflects the influence of the Warburg impedance of the secondary battery 240.

[0090] In the simulated battery control device 100 , the first control unit 110 determines the values ​​of the parameters P (n0, n1, n2) of the secondary battery model based on the measurement result of the complex impedance Z of the secondary battery 240 ( Figure 6 / STEP308). Parameters P (n0, n1, n2) define the calculator 121 (refer to Figure 2 )’s transfer function H.

[0091] The secondary battery model represents the voltage V(t) output from the secondary battery 240 when the current I(t) is input to the secondary battery 240. The model is defined by the relationship (01) using the transfer function H(t) of the open circuit voltage OCV and the internal resistance of the secondary battery 240.

[0092] V(t)=OCV(t)+H(t)·I(t)…(01).

[0093] Where OCV(t) represents the increase or decrease in open circuit voltage as the current I(t) charges and / or discharges.

[0094] The transfer function H(z) of the equivalent circuit model of the internal resistance of the secondary battery is defined by the relational expression (02). The transfer function may be connected in series instead of in parallel.

[0095] H(z)=H0(z)+ +H W (z)+H L (z)…(02).

[0096] “H0(z)”, “H i (z)”, “H W (z)" and "H L (z)" is defined by a parameter representing the characteristics of the internal resistance of the secondary battery.

[0097] Figure 9A An example of an equivalent circuit of the internal resistance of the secondary battery 240 is shown. In this example, the equivalent circuit of the internal resistance is composed of a resistor R0 corresponding to the transfer resistance in the electrolyte, a resistor R corresponding to the charge transfer resistance, and a resistor R i and capacitor C i The number of RC parallel circuits connected in series is defined as the series circuit consisting of the i-th RC parallel circuit (i=1, 2, ..., X), the resistor W0 equivalent to the Warburg impedance, and the coil L. Figure 9A In the embodiment shown, it is "3", but it can be less than 3 or greater than 3. Resistor W0 can also be connected in series with resistor R in at least one RC parallel circuit. Capacitor C can also be replaced by CPE (Constant Phase Element). Figure 9B As shown, the Warburg resistor W can also be connected in parallel with at least one RC circuit (in Figure 9B In the example, the resistors R of the first RC parallel circuit) are connected in series.

[0098] The transfer function H0(z) of the resistor R0 is defined by the relationship (03).

[0099] H0(z)=R0…(03).

[0100] The transfer function H of the i-th RC parallel circuit i (z) is defined by the relation (03) as the transfer function of the IIR (Infinite Impulse Response) system (Infinite Impulse Response system). Figure 10A The transfer function H of the i-th RC parallel circuit is shown i (z).

[0101] H i (z) = (b0 + b i z -1 ) / (1+a i z -1 )…(03).

[0102] The transfer function H of the resistor W0, which is equivalent to the Warburg impedance W (z) is defined by the relation (04) as the transfer function of the FIR (Finite Impulse Response) system (Finite Impulse Response system). Figure 10B The transfer function H representing the resistance W0 equivalent to the Warburg impedance is shown. W An example of a block diagram of (z).

[0103] H W (z) = …(04).

[0104] Transfer function H of coil L L (z) is defined by relation (05).

[0105] H L (z) = (2L0 / T)(1-z -1 ) / (1+z -1 )…(05).

[0106] Figure 8 The approximate curve of the complex impedance Z of the secondary battery represented by the solid line in the Nyquist plot is obtained under the assumption that the transfer function H(z) of the equivalent circuit model of the internal resistance of the secondary battery is defined according to the relationship (02). From this, the parameters P(n0, n1, n2) = {R0, a i ,b0,b i , h k , L0, T} (see equations (03) to (05)). The value of the open circuit voltage OCV(t) output from the output device 123 in the secondary battery model is determined based on the measured value of the open circuit voltage OCV(n0, n1, n2) (see equation (01)). Furthermore, based on the value of this parameter, a secondary battery model is created for each type of secondary battery 240.

[0107] Determine whether the first index n1 is greater than the specified number N1 ( Figure 6 / STEP310). If the judgment result is negative ( Figure 6 / STEP310...NO), increase the value of the first index n1 by "1" ( Figure 6 / STEP312), and then repeat the process after the temperature adjustment of the secondary battery 240 ( Figure 6 / STEP304→306→308→310).

[0108] (Second embodiment)

[0109] (Structure of a simulated battery control system)

[0110] Figure 11 The pseudo battery control system shown as the second embodiment of the present invention is composed of a pseudo battery control device 100, an electronic device 200, and a charger 400. The pseudo battery control device 100 and the charger 400 are capable of communicating with each other.

[0111] The charger 400 includes a charger control device 420 and a simulated battery 230. The charger control device 420 includes a first charger control unit 421, a second charger control unit 422, and a third charger control unit 423. The first charger control unit 421, the second charger control unit 422, and the third charger control unit 423 are each composed of a processor (processing unit), a memory (storage device), and an I / O circuit. In the memory or a separate storage device, a simulated battery identifier ID (m0), a simulated battery temperature T (m1), a virtual degradation degree D (m2), and a current command value Icmd (t) are stored and maintained (see Figure 3 / STEP 214, 216, 218 and 220). The first charger control unit 421, the second charger control unit 422 and the third charger control unit 423 respectively perform the same functions as the first device control unit 221, the second device control unit 222 and the third device control unit 223 of the electronic device 200.

[0112] The charger 400 includes a dummy battery 230, whereas the dummy battery 230 is omitted in the electronic device 200 (see FIG. Figure 1 ).

[0113] The rest of the parts are the same as those in the first embodiment (see Figure 1 ) have roughly the same structure, so the same figure marks are given and the description is omitted.

[0114] (Simulation battery control method)

[0115] The following describes a simulated battery control method for a secondary battery 240 mounted on an electronic device 200, which is executed by the simulated battery control system of the second embodiment of the above structure. In the second embodiment, the charger 400 takes over the communication with the simulated battery control device 100 instead of the electronic device 200, and controls the operation of the simulated battery 230 in the same procedure as in the first embodiment (see Figures 3 and 4 ).

[0116] Specifically, the determination result of whether the first designated operation is performed based on the first device control unit 221 is sent from the electronic device 200 to the charger 400 wirelessly or by wire, and the determination result of whether the first designated operation is performed is identified by the first charger control unit 421 (refer to FIG. Figure 3 / STEP212).

[0117] The first charger control unit 421 uses the dummy battery 230 to input the voltage V(t) to the secondary battery 240 mounted on the electronic device 200 in a wireless or wired manner (see Figure 4 / STEP224).

[0118] The simulated battery identifier ID (m0), simulated battery temperature T (m1), and virtual degradation degree D (m2) are sent wirelessly or wired to the charger 400 through the first device control unit 221, and the simulated battery identifier ID (m0), simulated battery temperature T (m1), and virtual degradation degree D (m2) are identified by the first charger control unit 421 (refer to Figure 3 / STEP 214, 216 and 218). Then, the simulated battery identifier ID (m0), simulated battery temperature T (m1) and virtual degradation degree D (m2) are sent from the charger 400 to the simulated battery control device 100 (see Figure 3 / STEP222).

[0119] The current command value Icmd(t) is sent wirelessly or wired to the charger 400 through the second device control unit 222, and the current command value Icmd(t) is recognized by the second charger control unit 422 (refer to Figure 3 / STEP220). Then, the second charger control unit 422 transmits the current command value Icmd(t) from the charger 400 to the simulated battery control device 100 (see Figure 3 / STEP222).

[0120] The third charger control unit 423 applies the voltage V(t) multiplied by the amplifier 232 in the simulated battery 230 to the designated load 250 (see FIG. 2 ) of the electronic device 200 connected to the charger 400 based on the voltage command value Vcmd(t). Figure 4 / STEP224). The third charger control unit 423 recognizes the operating characteristic OC(t) of the designated load 250 when the voltage V(t) is applied based on communication with the electronic device 200 (see Figure 4 / STEP226).

[0121] Next, the third charger control unit 423 sends the operating characteristic OC(t) of the designated load 250 to the simulated battery control device 100 (see Figure 4 / STEP228).

[0122] Next, the third device control unit 223 determines whether there is a second designated operation through the input interface 202 (refer to Figure 4 / STEP230). And, if it is determined that there is a second designated operation ( Figure 4 / STEP230...YES), the third charger control unit 423 sends an operation characteristic information request to the simulated battery control device 100 ( Figure 4 / STEP232).

[0123] Furthermore, the third charger control unit 423 receives the operation characteristic information Info (OC (t)) and sends it to the electronic device 200 via wired or wireless communication, and outputs the operation characteristic information Info (OC (t)) via the output interface 204 (refer to Figure 4 / C22→STEP234).

[0124] (Other embodiments of the present invention)

[0125] The functions of the device control device 220 in the first embodiment may be shared by the device control device 200 and the charger control device 420 in the second embodiment.

[0126] For example, in the second embodiment, the third device control unit 223 may receive the simulated battery control information Info (D), and based on the determination result that the second designated operation exists, the simulated battery control information Info (D) may be output and displayed on the display device constituting the output interface 204 (see Figure 3 / STEP 220 →STEP 222 YES →STEP 224). In this case, the third charger control unit 423 may be omitted.

[0127] In addition, in the second embodiment, the battery identifier ID may be sent to the simulated battery control device 100 (see Figure 3 / STEP 220). In this case, the second charger control unit 422 may be omitted.

[0128] A secondary battery model is selected after considering the temperature T of the secondary battery 240 or the electronic device 200 when the voltage response characteristic V(T) is measured, and the performance of the secondary battery 240 is evaluated. However, as another embodiment, the temperature T of the secondary battery 240 when the voltage response characteristic V(T) is measured may be ignored, and a secondary battery model may be selected based on a battery identifier ID indicating the type of the secondary battery 240 to evaluate the performance of the secondary battery 240.

[0129] (Effects of the Invention)

[0130] According to the simulated battery control device 100 and the simulated battery control method executed thereby, the simulated battery control device 100 evaluates the performance of the secondary battery 240 mounted on the electronic device 200 based on communication between the electronic device 200 and / or a charger 400 connected thereto. Furthermore, the output interface 204 of the electronic device 200 outputs battery performance information Info (D) corresponding to the evaluation results. This allows users to obtain the performance evaluation results of the secondary battery 240 without having to take the electronic device 200 or the secondary battery 240 to a specialized facility, thereby improving convenience for users of the electronic device 200.

[0131] (Degradation Degree)

[0132] The estimated degradation degree of the secondary battery 240 may be recognized as a virtual degradation degree D(m2) of the pseudo battery 230 (see Figure 3 / STEP218).

[0133] For example, the first device control unit 221 recognizes the measurement result of the voltage response characteristic V(n0, n2)(t)(~V(n0, n2)(z)) corresponding to the pulse current I(t) of the secondary battery 240. When performing this measurement, the pulse current I(t)(~I(z)) is input to the secondary battery 240 through the first device control unit 221. Figure 12A The pulse current I(t) shown is input to the secondary battery 240. By driving the pulse current generator, the pulse current I(t) generated by the pulse current generator is input to the secondary battery 240. When the secondary battery 240 is mounted on the electronic device 200, the pulse current generator may also be mounted on the electronic device 200 to drive a specific device mounted on the electronic device 200 for generating the pulse current using power supplied from an external power source or an auxiliary power source mounted on the electronic device 200.

[0134] Furthermore, based on the output signal of the voltage sensor constituting the sensor group 206, the voltage response characteristic V(n0, n2)(t) of the secondary battery 240 is measured by the first device control unit 221. Thus, for example, Figure 12B The voltage response characteristic V(n0, n2)(t) of the secondary battery 240 changes as shown by the dotted line in FIG. Figure 12B In FIG. 1 , the measurement result of the voltage response characteristic V(n0,0)(t) of the secondary battery 240 when the second index n2 is 0 is shown by a solid line.

[0135] Next, first device control unit 221 evaluates the degree of degradation D(n0, n2) of secondary battery 240, whose type is identified by battery identifier ID(n0), based on a comparison of the voltage response characteristics V(n0, n2)(t) and V(n0, 0)(t) of secondary battery 240. For example, the similarity x between the curves representing the voltage response characteristics V(n0, n2)(t) and V(n0, 0)(t) of secondary battery 240 is calculated. Furthermore, based on a reduction function f with similarity x as the primary variable, the degree of degradation D(n0, n2) = f(x) of secondary battery 240 is calculated.

[0136] It is determined whether the second index n2 is greater than or equal to the predetermined number N2. If the determination result is negative, the value of the first index n1 is reset to "0" and the value of the second index n2 is increased by "1". The process after the temperature adjustment of the secondary battery 240 is then repeated.

[0137] In the above embodiment, the values ​​of the parameters P(n0, n1, n2) of the secondary battery model are determined individually according to the difference in the degree of degradation D(n2) of the secondary battery 240 of the type identified by the battery identifier ID(n0) (see Figure 6 / STEP 308 , STEP 314 , 316 ), however, as another embodiment, the value of the parameter P ( n0 , n1 ) of the secondary battery model may be determined without considering the difference in the degree of degradation D ( n2 ) of the secondary battery 240 .

[0138] In the above embodiment, the values ​​of the parameters P(n0, n1, n2) of the secondary battery model are determined individually according to the difference in temperature T(n1) of the secondary battery 240 of the type identified by the battery identifier ID(n0) (see Figure 6 / STEP 304 , STEP 314 , 316 ), however, as another embodiment, the value of the parameter P ( n0 , n2 ) of the secondary battery model may be determined without considering the difference in the temperature T ( n1 ) of the secondary battery 240 .

[0139] (Effects of the Invention)

[0140] According to the simulated battery control device 100 and the simulated battery control method executed thereby, based on communication between the electronic device 200 and / or a charger 400 connected thereto, the simulated battery control device 100 controls the operation of the simulated battery 230 mounted on the electronic device 200 and applies a voltage V(t) corresponding to a current command value Icmd(t) to a designated load 250. Furthermore, the output interface 204 of the electronic device 200 outputs operating characteristic information Info (OC(t)) corresponding to the operating characteristic OC(t) of the designated load 250 in response to the applied voltage V(t). This allows the user to understand the operating characteristic OC(t) of the designated load 250 when a voltage V(t) corresponding to the current command value Icmd(t) is applied to the designated load 250 without having to take the electronic device 200 to a specialized facility, thereby improving convenience for the user of the electronic device 200.

[0141] Furthermore, for the secondary battery 240 whose type is identified by the battery identifier ID (n0), the parameters P (n0, n1, n2) of the secondary battery model are determined at different temperatures T (n1) at different degrees of degradation D (n2). The values ​​of the parameters P (n0, n1, n2) of the secondary battery model are determined based on the measurement results of the complex impedance Z of the secondary battery 240 (see Figure 6 / STEP304→306→308 Figure 7 To Figure 9, Figure 10A and Figure 10B The secondary battery model expresses the internal resistance impedance of the secondary battery 240 by expressing the transfer functions of the IIR system and the FIR system respectively (refer to the relational expressions (03), (04), Figure 7 To Figure 9, Figure 10A and Figure 10B ).

[0142] Furthermore, based on the identifier ID(m), temperature T(m1), and degradation degree D(m2) of the virtual secondary battery simulated by the simulated battery 230, a secondary battery model having parameters P(m, m1, m2) is selected (refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 4 / STEP214→216→218…110). Then, the output voltage command value Vcmd(t) when the current command value Icmd(t) is input to the secondary battery model is calculated, and the corresponding voltage V(t) is applied to the specified load 250 of the electronic device 200 through the simulated battery 230 (refer to Figure 3 / STEP120, Figure 4 / STEP130→224, Figure 5). This makes it possible to improve the accuracy of reproducing the characteristics of the secondary battery 240 under various conditions using the simulated battery 230.

[0143] Explanation of symbols

[0144] 10...database, 100...simulated battery control device, 110...first control unit, 120...second control unit, 130...third control unit, 200...electronic device, 202...input interface, 204...output interface, 206...sensor group, 220...device control device, 221...first device control unit, 222...second device control unit, 223...third device control unit, 230...simulated battery, 240...secondary battery, 250...specified load, 400...charger, 420...charger control device, 421...first charger control unit, 422...second charger control unit, 423 third charger control unit.

Claims

1. A simulated battery control device, characterized in that: have: a first control unit that determines, based on communication with the electronic device, a value of a parameter of a secondary battery model, the value of the parameter of the secondary battery model representing a current dependency of an output voltage of a secondary battery that is or will be mounted on the electronic device as a power source; a second control unit that recognizes a time series of command current values ​​based on communication with the electronic device and calculates a model output voltage as a change pattern of voltage output from the secondary battery model when the time series of command current values ​​is input to the secondary battery model for which the value of the parameter is recognized by the first control unit; as well as A third control unit, based on communication with the electronic device or a power supply unit serving as a charging power source for the secondary battery, causes a simulated battery mounted on the electronic device or the power supply unit to apply the model output voltage calculated by the second control unit to a specified load of the electronic device.

2. The simulated battery control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first control unit identifies a degree of degradation of the secondary battery based on communication with the electronic device, and determines a value corresponding to a difference in the degree of degradation as a value of a parameter of the secondary battery model.

3. The simulated battery control device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first control unit identifies a temperature measurement result of the electronic device or the simulated battery based on communication with the electronic device or the power supply device, and determines a value corresponding to a difference in the temperature measurement result as a value of a parameter of the secondary battery model.

4. The simulated battery control device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: On the condition that a first designated operation is performed through an input interface of the electronic device, the first control unit determines a value of a parameter of the secondary battery model, and the second control unit calculates the model output voltage.

5. The simulated battery control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: On the condition that a power OFF operation is performed through the input interface of the electronic device as the first designated operation, the first control unit determines the value of the parameter of the secondary battery model, and the second control unit calculates the model output voltage.

6. The simulated battery control device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: On the condition that the electronic device is connected to a charger, the first control unit determines the value of the parameter of the secondary battery model, and the second control unit calculates the model output voltage.

7. The simulated battery control device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The third control unit causes the output interface of the electronic device to output information related to operating characteristics of the designated load when the simulated battery applies the model output voltage calculated by the second control unit to the designated load of the electronic device.

8. The simulated battery control device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The third control unit causes the output interface to output information related to the operating characteristics of the designated load based on communication with the electronic device, provided that a second designated operation is performed through the input interface of the electronic device.

9. The simulated battery control device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second designated operation requires that the output interface be released from the dormant state through the input interface of the electronic device. The third control unit causes the output interface to output information related to the operating characteristics of the designated load based on communication with the electronic device.

10. The simulated battery control device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The dummy battery is detachably mounted on the power supply device and is configured to be mountable on the electronic device as a substitute battery for the secondary battery.

11. An electronic device equipped with a secondary battery as a power source, characterized in that: have: Simulated battery; Specify the load; a first device control unit that, based on communication with the simulated battery control device, causes a first control unit constituting the simulated battery control device to determine a value of a parameter of a secondary battery model, the value of the parameter of the secondary battery model representing a current dependency of an output voltage of the secondary battery; a second device control unit that causes a second control unit constituting the simulated battery control unit to recognize a time series of command current values ​​based on communication with the simulated battery control unit, and calculates a model output voltage as a change pattern of voltage output from the secondary battery model when the time series of command current values ​​is input to the secondary battery model for which the value of the parameter has been recognized by the first control unit; as well as A third device control unit causes the model output voltage calculated by the second control unit to be applied from the simulated battery to the designated load based on communication with the simulated battery control device.

12. A charger connected to an electronic device equipped with a secondary battery as a power source, characterized in that: have: Simulated battery; a first charger control unit that causes a first control unit constituting the simulated battery control device to determine a value of a parameter of a secondary battery model, the value of the parameter of the secondary battery model representing a current dependency of an output voltage of the secondary battery, based on communication with the simulated battery control device; a second charger control unit that causes a second control unit constituting the simulated battery control unit to recognize a time series of command current values ​​based on communication with the simulated battery control unit, and calculates a model output voltage as a change pattern of voltage output from the secondary battery model when the time series of command current values ​​is input to the secondary battery model for which the value of the parameter has been recognized by the first control unit; and A third charger control unit applies the model output voltage calculated by the second control unit from the simulated battery to a designated load of the electronic device based on communication with the simulated battery control device.

13. A simulated battery control method, characterized in that: have: A first control step of determining, based on communication with the electronic device, a value of a parameter of a secondary battery model, the value of the parameter of the secondary battery model representing a current dependency of an output voltage of a secondary battery already mounted or to be mounted on the electronic device as a power source; a second control step of recognizing a time series of command current values ​​based on communication with the electronic device, and calculating a model output voltage as a change pattern of voltage output from the secondary battery model when the time series of command current values ​​is input to the secondary battery model for which the value of the parameter was recognized in the first control step; as well as The third control step is based on communication with the electronic device or the power supply device serving as a power source for charging the secondary battery, so that a simulated battery installed in the electronic device or the power supply device applies the model output voltage calculated in the second control step to a specified load of the electronic device.

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