Assessment methods for green building design

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of green building design, and in particular to an evaluation method for green building design, comprising the following steps: S100, obtaining categories of improved materials used in green buildings, and finding corresponding standard materials according to the uses of environmentally friendly materials; S200, applying the improved materials and standard materials to green buildings respectively and conducting a full life cycle simulation of the building, and judging the types of materials to be used according to the simulation results; by conducting a full life cycle simulation analysis of the materials, the advantages and disadvantages between the environmentally friendly materials and the standard materials can be magnified, and at the same time, the materials can be specifically analyzed according to the environment in which the building is located and the usage conditions, and then the types of materials to be used can be judged according to the simulation results, which can more clearly help architectural designers select the most suitable materials for use in green buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of green building design, and in particular to an evaluation method for green building design. Background Art

[0002] Green building refers to a construction method that uses energy-saving processes, materials and technologies in the design, planning, manufacturing and use process to make the building have excellent energy-saving and environmental protection properties.

[0003] During the green building design phase, in addition to the design of the overall structural layout of the building, the selection of building raw materials is more important. The material selection of existing green buildings will be compared with the corresponding range based on the relevant parameters of the materials, and then the corresponding materials will be selected based on the cost and environmental protection of the materials. However, when the fluctuation of material parameters within the allowable range is magnified to the entire life cycle of the building, the role it plays in the sustainable use and energy-saving and environmental protection performance of the building will be greatly different. At the same time, for some improved materials or newly used environmentally friendly materials, although they have greater advantages in certain aspects compared to existing materials, their effects may be lower than those of existing or conventional materials during the analysis of the entire life cycle of the building. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an evaluation method for green building design to solve the following technical problems:

[0005] How to select better materials based on the entire cycle of green buildings.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The assessment method for green building design includes the following steps:

[0008] S100. Obtain the categories of improved materials used in green buildings and find corresponding standard materials based on the uses of environmentally friendly materials;

[0009] S200. Apply improved materials and standard materials to green buildings and conduct a full life cycle simulation of the building, and determine the type of materials to be used based on the simulation results.

[0010] Obviously, by conducting a full life cycle simulation analysis of the improved materials and the materials before the improvement, the advantages and disadvantages between environmentally friendly materials and standard materials can be magnified, and then the most suitable materials for this building can be selected.

[0011] In one embodiment, the process of the building life cycle simulation is as follows:

[0012] S201, obtaining environmental parameters of the building;

[0013] S202, performing lifespan analysis, energy-saving analysis, and cost analysis in sequence according to the building's environmental parameters;

[0014] S203. Determine the type of material to be used based on the analysis results.

[0015] By conducting life analysis, energy-saving analysis and cost analysis on the material in turn according to environmental parameters, it can be determined which material is more suitable for the area where the building is located. By conducting energy-saving analysis on different materials throughout their life cycle, it can be determined which material is more energy-efficient for the building. The energy-saving performance can be used to influence the cost judgment, and then a material with lower cost of use throughout its life cycle can be selected.

[0016] In one embodiment, the environmental parameters include the annual average number of high temperature days in the area where the building is located. T , annual average number of low temperature days T , annual average number of days with high humidity H , Annual average number of days with low humidity H , the average annual number of rainy days r and the average annual number of sunny days s.

[0017] In one embodiment, the lifespan analysis process is as follows:

[0018] By formula T pre =T st *α tem *α h um *α tai *α sun * Calculate the predicted service life T of the material pre ;

[0019] Among them, T st is the service life of the material under standard environmental conditions, α tem , α hum , α rai and α sum They are the material life reduction coefficients caused by temperature, humidity, rain and light respectively.

[0020] Furthermore, the temperature-induced material life loss coefficient

[0021] Humidity-induced material life loss factor

[0022] Rainwater-induced material life loss coefficient

[0023] Light-induced material life loss coefficient

[0024] Among them, β ht is the daily loss factor of material life due to high temperature, β ltis the daily loss factor of material life due to low temperature, β hh is the daily loss factor of material life due to high humidity, β lh is the daily loss factor of material life due to low humidity, β r is the daily loss factor of material life caused by rainwater, β s It is the daily reduction factor of material life due to light.

[0025] In one embodiment, the energy-saving analysis includes:

[0026] Determine whether the material is used for indoor thermal insulation:

[0027] If involved, then by the formula K=T pre (m hT +n lT ) Calculate the thermal insulation K of the building throughout its entire cycle;

[0028] Among them, m is the average daily thermal insulation capacity of the material, and n is the average daily heat preservation capacity of the material;

[0029] If not involved, let K=0.

[0030] In one embodiment, the cost analysis includes:

[0031] Calculate the material cost M by the material unit price and material usage b ;

[0032] By formula Calculate the full-cycle material cost M;

[0033] Where B is the calorific value corresponding to unit cost, and ω is the trimming factor.

[0034] Furthermore, according to the predicted service life T of the material pre , the thermal insulation K of the whole cycle of the building and the material cost M of the whole cycle are used to obtain the material recommendation index, and the type of material to be used is determined based on the material recommendation index.

[0035] In one embodiment, the material recommendation index

[0036] in, and is the preset weight coefficient.

[0037] During the analysis and evaluation process, the weights of service life, energy saving and cost can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the preset weight coefficient. Therefore, the most suitable material can be selected according to the different emphasis on cost, energy saving and service life.

[0038] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0039] (1) The present invention can amplify the advantages and disadvantages between environmentally friendly materials and standard materials by analyzing the materials throughout their life cycle. At the same time, it can also enable the materials to be specifically analyzed according to the environment and usage conditions of the building, and then the type of material to be used can be determined based on the simulation results, which can more clearly help architectural designers choose the most appropriate materials for use in buildings.

[0040] (2) The present invention comprehensively judges the lifespan of the material in the area where the building is located by combining the annual high temperature, low temperature, high humidity, low humidity, rain and number of sunny days in the area where the building is located with the material's own deterioration factor in different environments, and can further predict the lifespan of the material in this environmental state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the evaluation method for green building design provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the process of simulating the entire life cycle of a building according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] This application embodiment provides an evaluation method for green building design. Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0046] S100. Obtain the categories of improved materials used in green buildings and find corresponding standard materials based on the uses of environmentally friendly materials;

[0047] S200. Apply improved materials and standard materials to green buildings and conduct a full life cycle simulation of the building, and determine the type of materials to be used based on the simulation results.

[0048] This embodiment evaluates improved materials. Specifically, all categories of improved environmentally friendly materials are first found. Secondly, corresponding standard materials are found according to the corresponding uses of these improved materials. After that, the improved materials and standard materials are respectively applied to green buildings and the full life cycle of the building is simulated. Obviously, by analyzing the materials throughout their life cycle, the advantages and disadvantages between environmentally friendly materials and standard materials can be magnified. At the same time, the materials can be specifically analyzed according to the environment and usage conditions of the building. Then, the type of material to be used is determined based on the simulation results, which can more clearly help architectural designers choose the most suitable materials for use in buildings.

[0049] During the implementation process, it should be noted that the objects of evaluation of the present invention include improved materials and their corresponding standard materials, wherein the standard materials can be the materials used before the improvement, or the commonly used materials for achieving this purpose. At the same time, whether improved materials or standard materials, they can meet the basic parameter requirements for materials, but within the range of their parameter requirements, their different parameter performances will fluctuate to varying degrees. The present invention is based on this deviation for evaluation and then selects the most suitable material.

[0050] See also Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the process of building life cycle simulation is as follows:

[0051] S201, obtaining environmental parameters of the building;

[0052] S202, performing lifespan analysis, energy-saving analysis, and cost analysis in sequence according to the building's environmental parameters;

[0053] S203. Determine the type of material to be used based on the analysis results.

[0054] The building life cycle simulation in this embodiment first obtains the environmental parameters of the area where the building is located, and then performs life analysis, energy-saving analysis and cost analysis on the material in turn according to the environmental parameters. Among them, the environment of the area where the building is located is one of the important factors affecting the life of the material. Therefore, by analyzing the service life of the material according to the environmental parameters, it can be determined which material is more suitable for buildings in this area; in addition, the energy efficiency of the building is one of the important indicators of green buildings. Therefore, by performing energy-saving analysis on different materials throughout the life cycle, it can be determined which material is more energy-efficient for the building. Finally, after the life analysis and energy-saving analysis are completed, the cost analysis of the material is performed. Not only can the costs of different materials themselves be compared, but the energy-saving performance can also be used to influence the cost judgment, and then a material with lower cost for the entire life cycle can be selected.

[0055] Environmental parameters include the average number of high temperature days per year in the area where the building is located T , annual average number of low temperature daysT , annual average number of days with high humidity H , Annual average number of days with low humidity H , the average annual number of rainy days r and the average annual number of sunny days s.

[0056] In one embodiment of the present application, the environmental parameters include the annual average number of high and low temperature days, the annual average number of high humidity and low humidity days, the annual average number of rainy days and the annual average number of sunny days in the area where the building is located. Among them, temperature and humidity are the main factors affecting the service life of materials. For materials used on the outside of the building that are in contact with rain and light, their loss rate will also be affected by rain corrosion and ultraviolet rays. Therefore, through the specific selection of environmental parameters, it is possible to fully judge the impact of the environment on the life of the material based on the environmental factors of the building's location.

[0057] The process of life analysis is:

[0058] By formula T pre =T st *α tem *α h um *α rai *α sun * Calculate the predicted service life T of the material pre ;

[0059] Among them, T st is the service life of the material under standard environmental conditions, α tem , α hum , α rai and α sun They are the material life reduction coefficients caused by temperature, humidity, rain and light respectively.

[0060] In one embodiment of the present application, the life analysis process is to use the depreciation rate of material life due to temperature, humidity, rain corrosion and ultraviolet rays, and then compare it with the material service life under standard environmental conditions, so as to predict the actual life of the material under specific environmental conditions.

[0061] To further explain, the standard environmental state means that the temperature and humidity are suitable for the materials, and the materials are not affected by sunlight and rain.

[0062] Temperature-induced material life loss factor

[0063] Humidity-induced material life loss factor

[0064] Rainwater-induced material life loss coefficient

[0065] Light-induced material life loss coefficient

[0066] Among them, β ht is the daily loss factor of material life due to high temperature, β lt is the daily loss factor of material life due to low temperature, β hh is the daily loss factor of material life due to high humidity, β lh is the daily loss factor of material life due to low humidity, β r is the daily loss factor of material life caused by rainwater, β s It is the daily reduction factor of material life due to light.

[0067] This embodiment provides a method for calculating the depreciation factor. Specifically, based on the annual high and low temperatures, high and low humidity, rainy days, and the number of sunny days in the area where the building is located, combined with the depreciation factor of the material itself in different environments, a comprehensive judgment is made on the lifespan of the material in the area where the building is located, and the lifespan of the material in this environmental state can be predicted.

[0068] Further explanation: the above daily loss factor can be calculated based on the relevant test data in the building material test report, with β ht For example, it represents the condition of the material after being damaged on a high temperature day. At this time, the damage factor is determined based on the results of the life test of the material within the corresponding temperature range of the high temperature day.

[0069] Further explanation of the formula: In this embodiment, the relevant loss factors are all greater than 0 and less than 1, and the temperature-induced material life loss coefficient α is tem For example, after the high temperature reduces the life span, the life span β ht *h T After adding the reduction in lifespan due to low temperature, the lifespan β lt *l T , plus the number of days with suitable temperature, and finally calculate the ratio with the number of days in a year, and then we can get the temperature-induced material life loss coefficient.

[0070] Energy efficiency analysis includes:

[0071] Determine whether the material is used for indoor thermal insulation:

[0072] If involved, then by the formula K=T pre (m hT +n lT ) Calculate the thermal insulation K of the building throughout its entire cycle;

[0073] Among them, m is the average daily thermal insulation capacity of the material, and n is the average daily heat preservation capacity of the material;

[0074] If not involved, let K=0.

[0075] In one embodiment of the present application, the energy-saving analysis first determines whether the material involves energy-saving materials. If not, energy-saving analysis does not need to be considered. If energy-saving materials are involved, the insulation capacity and thermal insulation amount of the material are determined based on the thermal insulation capacity of the building. Furthermore, during the entire life cycle of the building, the average annual high temperature days and the average annual low temperature days of the region are defaulted as the time point when the building needs to adjust the temperature. Therefore, the average daily insulation capacity and the average daily thermal insulation amount are multiplied by the average annual high temperature days and the average annual low temperature days, respectively, to determine the average annual thermal insulation capacity, which is then multiplied by T pre (Unit: year) by multiplying them, and then we can calculate the thermal insulation value K of the material for the whole cycle of the building. Obviously, the larger the value of thermal insulation value K is, the better the thermal insulation effect of the material is and the stronger its energy saving performance is.

[0076] Cost analysis includes:

[0077] Calculate the material cost M by the material unit price and material usage b ;

[0078] By formula Calculate the full-cycle material cost M;

[0079] Where B is the calorific value corresponding to unit cost, and ω is the trimming factor.

[0080] In one embodiment of the present application, the cost analysis includes the cost of the material itself and the cost reduced through energy saving under the full life cycle usage conditions, wherein the cost of the material itself is calculated by the unit price of the material and the material usage, and the cost reduced by energy saving is judged by the thermal insulation amount, wherein B is the calorific value corresponding to the unit cost, and ω is the trimming factor, which can be appropriately adjusted according to the actual usage conditions.

[0081] According to the predicted service life T of the material pre , the thermal insulation K of the whole cycle of the building and the material cost M of the whole cycle are used to obtain the material recommendation index, and the type of material to be used is determined based on the material recommendation index.

[0082] In one embodiment of the present application, by predicting the service life T pre , thermal insulation K and full-cycle material cost M to comprehensively judge the material recommendation index Re, and then the most suitable material can be judged by comprehensively considering various factors, which is convenient for designers to make material selections.

[0083] Material recommendation index

[0084] in, and is the preset weight coefficient.

[0085] In one embodiment of the present application, the material recommendation index Obviously, in the process of analysis and evaluation, the weights of service life, energy saving and cost can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the preset weight coefficient. For example, when lower cost is required, If you need to improve energy saving, you can adjust the size Therefore, in this embodiment, the optimal material can be selected by comparing the material recommendation index Re according to actual needs.

[0086] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention. However, the content described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be considered to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assessment method for green building design, characterized in that The following steps are involved: S100. Obtain the categories of improved materials used in green buildings and find corresponding standard materials based on the uses of environmentally friendly materials; S200: Apply improved materials and standard materials to green buildings and conduct a full life cycle simulation of the building, and determine the type of materials to use based on the simulation results; The process of building life cycle simulation is as follows: S201, obtaining environmental parameters of the building; S202, performing lifespan analysis, energy-saving analysis, and cost analysis in sequence according to the building's environmental parameters; S203. Determine the type of material to be used based on the analysis results; The environmental parameters include the annual average number of high temperature days in the area where the building is located , annual average number of low temperature days , annual average number of days with high humidity , annual average number of days with low humidity , the average annual number of rainy days r and the average annual number of sunny days s; The process of the life analysis is: By formula = *Calculate the predicted service life of the material ; in, is the service life of the material under standard environmental conditions, 、 、 and are the material life loss coefficients caused by temperature, humidity, rain and light respectively; Temperature-induced material life loss factor = ; Humidity-induced material life loss factor = ; Rainwater-induced material life loss coefficient = ; Light-induced material life loss coefficient = ; in, is the daily loss factor of material life due to high temperature, is the daily loss factor of material life due to low temperature, is the daily loss factor of material life due to high humidity, is the daily loss factor of material life due to low humidity, is the daily reduction factor of rainwater on material life, It is the daily reduction factor of material life due to light.

2. The green building design evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy-saving analysis includes: Determine whether the material is used for indoor thermal insulation: If involved, then the formula Calculate the thermal insulation K of the building throughout its entire cycle; Among them, m is the average daily thermal insulation capacity of the material, and n is the average daily heat preservation capacity of the material; If not involved, let K=0.

3. The evaluation method for green building design according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cost analysis includes: Calculate material cost by material unit price and material usage ; By formula Calculate the full-cycle material cost M; Among them, B is the calorific value corresponding to the unit cost, is the trimming factor.

4. The evaluation method for green building design according to claim 3, characterized in that: Based on the predicted service life of the material , the thermal insulation K of the whole cycle of the building and the material cost M of the whole cycle are used to obtain the material recommendation index, and the type of material to be used is determined based on the material recommendation index.

5. The green building design evaluation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material recommendation index Re ; in, 、 and is the preset weight coefficient.

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