Automatic analyzer

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automated analyzer (100) for analyzing samples. The automated analyzer (100) includes an immersion tube (110) and a lifting device (112), the immersion tube being configured to retrieve reagents stored in a reagent container (106), and the lifting device being configured to raise and lower the immersion tube (110). The lifting device (112) includes a guide rail (114) and at least one biasing member (116) on which the immersion tube (110) is slidably moved between a lowered position and an raised position, in which the immersion tube (110) is configured to be immersed in the reagent container (106), and in which the immersion tube (110) is configured to be retracted from the reagent container (106), the at least one biasing member being configured to bias the immersion tube (110) toward the lowered position with a predetermined biasing force. The automated analyzer (100) further includes a detector (108) and a locking device (192), the detector being configured to detect an identifier of the reagent and the locking device being configured to lock the immersion tube (110) in the raised position and allow the immersion tube (110) to move toward the lowered position only if the identifier of the reagent detected by the detector (108) corresponds to a target identifier of the reagent.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to an automatic analyzer using disposable components in contact with a sample. BACKGROUND

[0002] In vitro diagnostic tests have a significant impact on clinical decisions and can provide critical information for physicians. In particular, there is a strong interest in providing fast and accurate test results in intensive care environments. In vitro diagnostic tests are typically performed using instruments (such as pre-analytical instruments, post-analytical instruments, and analytical instruments) that are operable to perform one or more processing steps or workflow steps on one or more biological samples and / or one or more reagents.

[0003] An analytical instrument or analyzer is configured to obtain measurement values. The analyzer is operable to determine parameter values of a sample or components thereof by various chemical, biological, physical, optical, or other technical procedures. The analyzer can be operable to measure said parameter of a sample or at least one analyte and return the obtained measurement values. The list of possible analysis results returned by an analyzer includes, but is not limited to: concentration of an analyte in a sample, a digital (yes or no) result indicating the presence of an analyte in a sample (corresponding to a concentration above a detection level), optical parameters, DNA or RNA sequences, data obtained by mass spectrometry of proteins or metabolites, and various types of physical or chemical parameters. The analytical instrument can include units that facilitate pipetting, dosing, and mixing of samples and / or reagents.

[0004] The analyzer can include a reagent containment unit that contains reagents used to perform the assays. The reagents can be arranged, for example, in the form of containers, vessels, or cassettes containing individual reagents or groups of reagents, placed in appropriate receptacles or locations within a storage compartment or a carousel. It can include a consumable feed unit. The analyzer can include a processing and detection system, the workflow of which is optimized for certain types of analysis. Examples of such analyzers are clinical chemistry analyzers, coagulation chemistry analyzers, immunochemistry analyzers, urine analyzers, nucleic acid analyzers, used to detect the result of a chemical or biological reaction or to monitor the progress of a chemical or biological reaction.

[0005] Such automatic analyzers allow to increase the number of analysis processes and obtainable measurement values. To this end, such automatic analyzers use simultaneously a plurality of reagents provided in reagent containers. For example, such automatic analyzers use 6 to 8 different reagents. Typically, the reagents are drawn from the reagent containers by means of immersion tubes that are immersed in the reagent containers. In order to ensure that the correct reagent is supplied to the automatic analyzer for its target analysis process, the reagents need to be identified and the corresponding reagent containers need to be ensured to be in their target position. This identification typically only occurs upon replacement of the reagent containers. The replacement process is rather cumbersome, as the reagent containers are typically closed by means of a lid that is screwed thereon. SUMMARY

[0006] Embodiments of the disclosed automatic analyzer aim at facilitating the process of replacing reagent containers and reducing the risk of operating errors when replacing reagent containers.

[0007] Embodiments of the disclosed automatic analyzer have the features of the independent claims. Further embodiments of the application are disclosed in the dependent claims, which can be realized in the individualized manner or in any arbitrary combination.

[0008] As used hereinafter, the terms "have", "comprise", "include" or "contain" or any arbitrary grammatical variations thereof are used in a non-exclusive way, i.e. comprising, consisting of and consisting essentially of are all allowed. As used hereinafter the term "and / or" between two or more elements is equivalent to "and" between the first element and "or" between the last element. As used hereinafter, the term "and / or" between two or more elements is equivalent to "and" between the first element and "or" between the last element.

[0009] Further, it is noted that the terms "one", "another", "an", "said", "the", and "this" are not necessarily used as identifying reference, but as an antecedent to a previously used term. Furthermore, it is noted that the terms "at least one", "one or more", or similar terms are generally used only to introduce a preceding feature or element, and are not intended to be used in a limiting way. In the following passages, in most cases, when referring to a respective feature or element, the expression "at least one" or "one or more" is not repeated, although the respective feature or element can exist only once or more than once.

[0010] Further, as used hereinafter, the terms "preferably", "more preferably", "particularly", "more particularly", "specifically", "more specifically", or similar terms are used in conjunction with optional features, not to limit the scope of the application, but to define different implementation alternatives. The use of these terms in conjunction with one of the claimed implementation alternatives is not to be construed to exclude the other implementation alternatives. Similarly, the use of the term "in an embodiment of the application" or similar expressions in conjunction with one of the claimed implementation alternatives is not to be construed to exclude the other implementation alternatives. As will be apparent, the application can be performed in different ways without deviating from the application. The application is therefore not limited to the embodiments described hereinafter, which are given by way of non-limiting examples only, but covers all variations and modifications within the scope of the claims.

[0011] According to the disclosed automatic analyzer, the automatic analyzer comprises an immersion tube configured to retrieve a reagent stored in a reagent container. The automatic analyzer further comprises a lifting device configured to lift and lower the immersion tube. The lifting device comprises a guide rail, on which the immersion tube is slidably movable between a lowered position, in which the immersion tube is configured to be immersed into the reagent container, and a lifted position, in which the immersion tube is configured to be withdrawn from the reagent container, and at least one biasing member configured to bias the immersion tube towards the lowered position with a predetermined biasing force. The automatic analyzer further comprises a detector configured to detect an identity of the reagent. The automatic analyzer further comprises a locking device configured to lock the immersion tube in the lifted position and to allow a movement of the immersion tube towards the lowered position only if the identity of the reagent detected by the detector corresponds to a target identity of the reagent.

[0012] In other words, the immersion tube can be lifted by the lifting device from the lowered position, in which the immersion tube is immersed into the reagent container, to an upper position, in which the immersion tube is withdrawn from the reagent container. Since the immersion tube is usually manually lifted from the lowered position by a user, there is a risk of an erroneous operation. In particular, the user can replace the reagent container while the new immersion tube is not completely in the upper position but the user holds the immersion tube in an intermediate position which only allows the replacement of the reagent container when the immersion tube is withdrawn from the reagent container. If the user subsequently lowers the immersion tube, no recognition process is triggered and the immersion tube can draw the wrong reagent, with the risk of damaging the analysis instrument and / or leading to erroneous measurements which can even be life-threatening. In the present invention, the recognition of the reagent starts when the immersion tube is correctly in its upper position. The recognition of the reagent is triggered by a locking mechanism configured to at least temporarily lock the immersion tube in its upper position locked by the locking mechanism. Furthermore, since the immersion tube is biased towards the lowered position with a predetermined biasing force, the immersion tube is reliably pressed into the reagent container. Thus, since a sufficient sealing force can be provided, which can act on the edge of an opening defining the reagent container, such as a reagent bottle neck, any dangerous reagent evaporation can be reliably prevented.

[0013] As used herein, the term "automatic analyzer" is a broad term and is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to a person of ordinary skill in the art and is not to be limited to a special or customized meaning. Specifically, the term can refer, without limitation, to any device or device component operable to perform one or more processing steps / workflow steps on one or more biological samples and / or one or more reagents. Thus, the term "processing step" refers to a physically performed processing step, such as centrifugation, aliquoting, sample analysis, etc. The term "analyzer" encompasses pre-analytical sample work units, post-analytical sample work units, and analytical work units.

[0014] As used herein, the term "reagent container" is a broad term and is given a common and customary meaning to those skilled in the art, and is not limited to a specific or customary meaning. The term may specifically refer to, but is not limited to, any vessel configured to store reagents. Examples of such reagent containers are bottles, jars, tubes, and large flat containers.

[0015] As used herein, the terms "identification of reagent" or "identification of reagent" are broad terms and are given a common and customary meaning to those skilled in the art, and are not limited to any particular or customary meaning. Specifically and without limitation, the term may refer not only to the mere presence of a reagent, but also to the identification of the type of reagent included in a reagent container. Such identification can be achieved by detecting an identification mark provided at the reagent container (containing the reagent).

[0016] As used herein, the term "immersion tube" is a broad term and is given a common and customary meaning to those skilled in the art, and is not limited to a specific or customary meaning. Specifically, without limitation, the term may refer to a tubular structural member configured to be immersed in a liquid and retrieved by aspiration or suction. In particular, an immersion tube may retrieve reagent from a reagent container by a negative pressure applied thereto, allowing the reagent to be aspirated or drawn in.

[0017] As used herein, the term "lifting device" is a broad term and will be given its common and customary meaning to those skilled in the art, and is not limited to any particular or customary meaning. Specifically, and without limitation, the term may refer to any device configured to lift or raise the immersion tube. Lifting or raising may be specifically achieved manually or by actuation.

[0018] As used herein, the term "guide rail" is a broad term and will be given its common and conventional meaning to those skilled in the art, and is not limited to any particular or customary meaning. Specifically, and without limitation, the term may refer to a device configured to guide an object through a channel, conveyor belt, or track system. Guide rails can provide any kind of motion, such as bending, tilting, linear, or straight-line motion. In particular, guide rails can provide at least partially linear motion that is substantially (i.e., with a deviation of less than 10 degrees, and preferably less than 5 degrees) parallel to the direction of gravity. Specifically, tracks can be formed to engage with a guided component, thereby allowing sliding movement of that component.

[0019] As used herein, the term "locking device" is a broad term and will be given its common and conventional meaning to those skilled in the art, and is not limited to any particular or customary meaning. Specifically, the term can refer to, without limitation, a device configured to temporarily impede the movement of an immersion tube.

[0020] As used herein, the term "detector" is a broad term and will be given its common and conventional meaning to those skilled in the art, and is not limited to a specific or customary meaning. Specifically, the term may refer to, but is not limited to, a device, module, machine, or subsystem configured to detect events or changes in its environment and transmit information to other electronic devices (typically computer processors). Detectors are often used in conjunction with other electronic devices. In particular, detectors are configured to detect or read information provided by the presence of information carriers such as tags.

[0021] The detector can be an RFID reader configured to detect reagent identification via an RFID tag located on the reagent container. Alternatively or additionally, the detector can be a barcode reader configured to detect reagent identification via a barcode located on the reagent container. Such readers allow for reliable detection of tags or barcodes and the information provided therefrom. Therefore, reagent identification can be reliably detected.

[0022] The lifting device may further include an immersion tube holder that holds the immersion tube and is movably mounted to a guide rail, a first support member connected to at least one biasing member and movably mounted to the guide rail, and a first engagement member configured to engage the immersion tube holder, wherein the first engagement member may be arranged adjacent to the lower end of the guide rail, and wherein the first engagement member may be configured to releasably lock the immersion tube holder and integrally move the immersion tube to a lowered position when engaged therewith. The immersion tube holder securely supports or carries the immersion tube, similar to a glass slide. Thus, the immersion tube is safely guided. The first engagement member allows temporary engagement of the immersion tube holder and slows the movement of the immersion tube holder by locking it. When the immersion tube holder is engaged and locked by the first engagement member, both move in a coordinated manner toward the lowered position with uniform and smooth motion.

[0023] The first engaging member can be pivotable about a first axis perpendicular to the centerline of the guide rail. Therefore, the immersion tube retainer can be reliably locked by the pivoting movement of the first engaging member.

[0024] The first axis can be spaced apart from the centerline of the guide rail. Therefore, a torque is generated about the first axis, which facilitates the pivoting movement and locking of the first engaging member.

[0025] The immersion tube retainer may include a first pin or roller, wherein the first engaging member may include a first groove configured to engage the first pin or roller. Thus, the first pin or roller can be reliably inserted into the first groove, which provides guidance for the first pin or roller. Therefore, a locking operation can be reliably performed.

[0026] A first groove can be formed that is at least partially inclined relative to the centerline of the guide rail, such that the first engaging member is configured to rotate about a first axis when engaging the first pin or roller. This facilitates insertion of the first pin or roller into the first groove. Furthermore, the inclination of the first groove increases the torque acting on the first axis.

[0027] The automated analyzer may further include a first slotted guide member and a first linkage assembly. The first slotted guide member includes a first guide groove and is arranged adjacent to the lower end of a guide rail. The first linkage assembly engages the first guide groove and is pivotally connected to a first engaging member. The first guide groove may include a first groove portion substantially parallel to the centerline of the guide rail and a second groove portion substantially perpendicular to the centerline of the guide rail. Therefore, once the first engaging member engages the immersion tube holder, pivoting movement of the first engaging member is facilitated and automatically initiated.

[0028] The first linkage assembly may include a first link engaging a first guide slot and a second link pivotally connected to a first engaging member at a first position spaced apart from a first axis, wherein the first and second links are pivotally connected to each other. This provides smooth movement of the links, which provides a relatively small force for the pivoting movement of the first engaging member.

[0029] The first link can be connected to a first link biasing member configured to bias the first link in a direction inclined relative to the centerline of the guide rail and away from the second link. Therefore, automatic guidance is provided.

[0030] The lifting device may further include a second support member connected to at least one biasing member and mounted to a guide rail, and a second engagement member configured to engage an immersion tube holder, wherein the second engagement member may be arranged adjacent to the upper end of the guide rail, and wherein the second engagement member may be configured to releasably lock the immersion tube holder and integrally move the immersion tube to the lifted position when engaged therewith. The immersion tube holder securely supports or carries the immersion tube, similar to a glass slide. Thus, the immersion tube is safely guided. The first engagement member allows temporary engagement of the immersion tube holder and slows the movement of the immersion tube holder by locking it. When the immersion tube holder is engaged and locked by the second engagement member, both move in a coordinated manner toward the lifted position with uniform and smooth motion.

[0031] The second engaging member can be pivotable about a second axis perpendicular to the centerline of the guide rail. Therefore, the immersion tube retainer can be reliably locked by the pivoting movement of the second engaging member.

[0032] The second axis can be spaced apart from the centerline of the guide rail. Therefore, a torque is generated around the second axis, which facilitates the pivoting movement and locking of the second engaging member.

[0033] The immersion tube retainer may include a second pin or roller, wherein the second engaging member may include a second groove configured to engage the second pin or roller. Therefore, the second pin or roller can be reliably inserted into the second groove, which provides guidance for the second pin or roller. Thus, a locking operation can be reliably performed.

[0034] The second groove can be formed to be at least partially inclined relative to the centerline of the guide rail, such that the second engaging member is configured to rotate about the second axis when engaging the second pin or roller. This facilitates the insertion of the second pin or roller into the second groove. Furthermore, the inclination of the second groove increases the torque acting on the second axis.

[0035] The automated analyzer may further include a second slotted guide member and a second linkage assembly. The second slotted guide member includes a second guide groove and is arranged adjacent to the upper end of the guide rail. The second linkage assembly engages the second guide groove and is pivotally connected to a second engaging member. The second guide groove may include a third groove portion substantially parallel to the centerline of the guide rail and a fourth groove portion substantially perpendicular to the centerline of the guide rail. Therefore, once the second engaging member engages the immersion tube holder, the pivoting movement of the second engaging member is facilitated and automatically initiated.

[0036] The second linkage assembly may include a third link engaging with a second guide slot and a fourth link pivotally connected to a second engaging member at a second position spaced apart from the second axis, wherein the third and fourth links are pivotally connected to each other. This provides smooth movement of the linkages, which provides a relatively small force for the pivoting movement of the second engaging member.

[0037] The third link can be connected to a second link biasing member configured to bias the third link in a direction inclined relative to the centerline of the guide rail and away from the fourth link. This provides an automatic guidance system.

[0038] The second support member can be movably mounted to the guide rail, and at least one biasing member can be configured to bias the immersion tube toward the raised position with a predetermined biasing force. Therefore, user error is reliably prevented when the immersion tube is biased or forced into its locked raised position and the user may not have kept the immersion tube in the intermediate position when changing reagent containers.

[0039] The automated analyzer may further include a lever member mounted to the second support member and rotatable about a third axis parallel to the second axis, wherein the second engaging member and the lever member are rotatable in opposite directions. Thus, an alternative mechanism is provided for safely guiding the immersion tube to a raised position.

[0040] The second engaging member can be connected to the first gear, and the lever member can be connected to the second gear, wherein the first gear and the second gear can engage with each other. Thus, a reliable mechanism for pivoting the second engaging member is provided.

[0041] The automated analyzer may further include a lever biasing member connected to the lever member and the second engagement member. The lever biasing member may be configured to bias the immersion tube toward a raised position with a predetermined biasing force. Thus, the lever member and the second engagement member can be biased to a predetermined position.

[0042] The lever biasing member can be configured to provide a biasing force to the lever member and the second engaging member in a direction toward each other at its two connection points. Therefore, the second engaging member can be biased to a position configured to lock the immersion tube in the raised position. This locking mechanism is thus designed to securely lock the immersion tube in the raised position, but can be easily unlocked by the operator or user to lower the immersion tube again after changing the reagent container.

[0043] The automated analyzer may further include a guide pulley arranged adjacent to the lower end of the guide rail and configured to rotate at least one biasing member. This allows the characteristics of the biasing member to be flattened. Consequently, any sudden movement of the immersion tube with excessive acceleration can be avoided.

[0044] At least one biasing component can be a spring. Therefore, the biasing effect can be achieved with a fairly simple and sophisticated structural component that reduces manufacturing costs.

[0045] The automated analyzer may further include a sealing member disposed at the immersion tube and configured to seal the opening by means of an edge engaging the opening of the reagent container. The sealing member may be a sealing ring. Therefore, any evaporation of the reagent can be reliably prevented when the sealing member is pressed against the edge in an airtight manner.

[0046] The automated analyzer may further include a bellows connected to the immersion tube, a first end of which is fixed to the immersion tube and a second end of which is movable relative to the immersion tube. In this regard, it must be noted that many commercially available reagent containers have different external heights and / or different bottom thicknesses, including different internal heights. In this respect, the internal height may be defined as the distance from the opening at the neck of the reagent container to the inner surface of the bottom of the reagent container facing the opening. Therefore, if the distance from the sealing member stationary at the immersion tube position to the tip of the immersion tube is constant, the following may occur: the sealing member is pressed against the edge defining the opening of the reagent container, but the tip of the immersion tube is spaced apart from the bottom of the reagent container, which could lead to reagent loss; or the tip of the immersion tube contacts the bottom of the reagent container, but the sealing member is spaced apart from the edge defining the opening of the reagent container, which could lead to potential leakage of hazardous reagent vapors into the environment. By providing a bellows that is fixed to the immersion tube at only one end, reliable contact between the immersion tube and the bottom of the reagent container is reliably ensured, thereby increasing the amount of reagent available from the reagent container and avoiding excessive reagent loss due to dead volume caused by an excessive distance from the immersion tube to the bottom of the reagent container. Furthermore, reliable engagement of the sealing member with the edge defining the opening of the reagent container is achieved. Due to its relative mobility, the bellows allows the effective length of the immersion tube to be adapted to the internal height of the reagent container.

[0047] When the immersion tube is in its lowered position, the bellows can be positioned outside the reagent container at the immersion tube location. This avoids contact between the reagent and the bellows.

[0048] Alternatively, when the immersion tube is in its lowered position, the bellows can be positioned inside the reagent container at the immersion tube location. This reduces the structural space above the reagent container.

[0049] The bellows can be connected to or integrally formed with the sealing member. Therefore, the sealing effect of the reagent container and the height compensation of the reagent container can be achieved through a single structural member.

[0050] The bellows may be made at least partially of a fluoropolymer (preferably PTFE) or steel. Such materials prevent any leachable and extractable substances from entering the reagent.

[0051] The sealing component may include a vent. This prevents negative pressure in the reagent container during reagent retrieval via the immersion tube.

[0052] Ventilation openings may be equipped with filter components. Such filter components are provided to prevent potential harmful vapors from leaking from the reagent and / or reagent deterioration caused by contamination of the incoming air.

[0053] This document further discloses and proposes a computer program including computer-executable instructions that, when executed on a computer or computer network, are used to perform operations of the method or apparatus according to the invention in one or more embodiments disclosed herein. Specifically, the computer program may be stored on a computer-readable data carrier and / or a computer-readable storage medium.

[0054] As used herein, the terms “computer-readable data carrier” and “computer-readable storage medium” can specifically refer to non-transitory data storage devices, such as hardware storage media having computer-executable instructions stored thereon. Computer-readable data carriers or storage media can specifically be or may include storage media such as random access memory (RAM) and / or read-only memory (ROM).

[0055] Therefore, specifically, one, more, or even all of the method steps a) to d) as indicated above can be performed by using a computer or computer network, preferably by using a computer program.

[0056] This document further discloses and proposes a computer program product having program code tools so that, when executed on a computer or computer network, the method according to the invention is performed in one or more embodiments appended herein. Specifically, the program code tools may be stored on a computer-readable data carrier and / or a computer-readable storage medium.

[0057] This document further discloses and proposes a data carrier having a data structure stored thereon, which, after being loaded into a computer or computer network, such as after being loaded into the working memory or main memory of the computer or computer network, can perform methods according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein.

[0058] This document further discloses and proposes a computer program product having program code tools stored on a machine-readable medium, so that when the program is executed on a computer or computer network, it performs methods according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. As used herein, a computer program product refers to a program that is a tradable product. The product can generally exist in any format (such as paper format) or on a computer-readable data carrier and / or computer-readable storage medium. Specifically, the computer program product can be distributed on a data network.

[0059] This document further discloses and proposes a modulated data signal containing instructions readable by a computer system or computer network for performing a method according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein.

[0060] Referring to the computer implementation aspects of the present invention, one or more method steps, or even all method steps, of the methods according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein can be performed using a computer or computer network. Therefore, generally speaking, any method steps, including providing and / or processing data, can be performed using a computer or computer network. Generally, these method steps can include any method steps other than those typically requiring manual operation (such as providing samples and / or performing certain aspects of actual measurements).

[0061] Specifically, this article further discloses:

[0062] - A computer or computer network, the computer or computer network including at least one processor, wherein the processor is adapted to perform a method according to one of the embodiments described in this specification.

[0063] - A computer-loadable data structure adapted to perform, when executed on a computer, a method according to one of the embodiments described in this specification.

[0064] - A computer program, wherein the computer program is adapted, when executed on a computer, to perform a method according to one of the embodiments described in this specification.

[0065] - A computer program, comprising program tools for performing, when executed on a computer or on a computer network, a method according to one of the embodiments described in this specification.

[0066] - A computer program, comprising program means according to the foregoing embodiments, wherein such program means are stored on a computer-readable storage medium.

[0067] - A storage medium, wherein a data structure is stored on the storage medium and wherein the data structure is adapted to perform a method according to one of the embodiments described herein after being loaded into the main memory and / or working memory of a computer or computer network, and

[0068] - A computer program product having program code tools, wherein the program code tools can be stored or stored on a storage medium for executing a method according to one of the embodiments described in this specification when the program code tools are executed on a computer or computer network.

[0069] In summary, and without excluding other possible embodiments, the following embodiments are conceivable:

[0070] Example 1: An automated analyzer for analyzing samples, the automated analyzer comprising...

[0071] An immersion tube configured to retrieve reagents stored in a reagent container.

[0072] A lifting device configured to raise and lower the immersion tube, wherein the lifting device includes

[0073] - A guide rail on which the immersion tube is slidably moved between a lowered position and an raised position, in which the immersion tube is configured to be immersed in the reagent container, and in the raised position, the immersion tube is configured to be retracted from the reagent container.

[0074] - At least one biasing member configured to bias the immersion tube toward a lowered position with a predetermined biasing force.

[0075] The detector, configured to identify the detection reagent, and

[0076] A locking device is configured to lock the immersion tube in the raised position and allow movement of the immersion tube toward the lowered position only when the reagent identifier detected by the detector corresponds to the reagent's target identifier.

[0077] Example 2: The automatic analyzer according to Example 1, wherein the detector is an RFID reader or a barcode reader, the reader being configured to detect the reagent identification via an RFID tag located at the reagent container, and the barcode reader being configured to detect the reagent identification via a barcode located at the reagent container.

[0078] Example 3: The automatic analyzer according to Example 1 or 2, wherein the lifting device further includes an immersion tube retainer that holds the immersion tube and is movably mounted to a guide rail, a first support member connected to at least one biasing member and movably mounted to the guide rail, and a first engagement member configured to engage the immersion tube retainer, wherein the first engagement member is arranged adjacent to the lower end of the guide rail, wherein the first engagement member is configured to releasably lock the immersion tube retainer and integrally move the immersion tube to a lowered position when engaged therewith.

[0079] Example 4: The automatic analyzer according to Example 3, wherein the first engaging member is pivotable about a first axis perpendicular to the centerline of the guide rail.

[0080] Example 5: The automatic analyzer according to Example 4, wherein the first axis is spaced apart from the center line of the guide rail.

[0081] Example 6: The automated analyzer according to Example 4 or 5, wherein the immersion tube retainer includes a first pin or roller, and wherein the first engaging member includes a first groove configured to engage the first pin or roller.

[0082] Example 7: The automatic analysis apparatus according to Example 6, wherein the first groove is formed to be at least partially inclined relative to the centerline of the guide rail, such that the first engaging member is configured to rotate about the first axis when engaging the first pin or roller.

[0083] Example 8: The automatic analyzer according to any one of Examples 4 to 7 further includes a first slotted guide member and a first linkage assembly, the first slotted guide member including a first guide groove and arranged adjacent to the lower end of the guide rail, the first linkage assembly engaging the first guide groove and pivotally connected to a first engaging member, wherein the first guide groove includes a first groove portion substantially parallel to the centerline of the guide rail and a second groove portion substantially perpendicular to the centerline of the guide rail.

[0084] Example 9: The automatic analyzer according to Example 8, wherein the first linkage assembly includes a first link engaging with a first guide groove and a second link pivotally connected to a first engagement member at a first position spaced apart from a first axis, wherein the first link and the second link are pivotally connected to each other.

[0085] Example 10: The automatic analyzer according to Example 9, wherein the first link is connected to a first link biasing member configured to bias the first link in a direction inclined relative to the centerline of the guide rail and away from the second link.

[0086] Example 11: The automatic analyzer according to Example 10, wherein the lifting device further includes a second support member connected to at least one biasing member and mounted to a guide rail, and a second engagement member configured to engage an immersion tube holder, wherein the second engagement member is arranged adjacent to the upper end of the guide rail, wherein the second engagement member is configured to releasably lock the immersion tube holder and integrally move the immersion tube to the lifted position when engaged therewith.

[0087] Example 12: The automatic analyzer according to Example 11, wherein the second engagement member is pivotable about a second axis perpendicular to the centerline of the guide rail.

[0088] Example 13: The automatic analyzer according to Example 12, wherein the second axis is spaced apart from the center line of the guide rail.

[0089] Example 14: The automated analyzer according to Example 12 or 13, wherein the immersion tube retainer includes a second pin or roller, and wherein the second engaging member includes a second groove configured to engage the second pin or roller.

[0090] Example 15: The automatic analyzer according to Example 14, wherein the second groove is formed to be at least partially inclined relative to the centerline of the guide rail, such that the second engaging member is configured to rotate about the second axis when engaging the second pin or roller.

[0091] Example 16: The automatic analyzer according to any one of Examples 12 to 15 further includes a second slotted guide member and a second linkage assembly, the second slotted guide member including a second guide groove and arranged adjacent to the upper end of the guide rail, the second linkage assembly engaging the second guide groove and pivotally connected to a second engaging member, wherein the second guide groove includes a third groove portion substantially parallel to the centerline of the guide rail and a fourth groove portion substantially perpendicular to the centerline of the guide rail.

[0092] Example 17: The automatic analyzer according to Example 16, wherein the second linkage assembly includes a third linkage engaging with a second guide groove and a fourth linkage pivotally connected to a second engagement member at a second position spaced apart from the second axis, wherein the third linkage and the fourth linkage are pivotally connected to each other.

[0093] Example 18: The automatic analyzer according to Example 17, wherein the third link is connected to the second link biasing member, which is configured to bias the third link in a direction inclined relative to the centerline of the guide rail and away from the fourth link.

[0094] Example 19: An automatic analyzer according to any one of Examples 11 to 18, wherein a second support member is movably mounted to a guide rail, and wherein at least one biasing member is configured to bias the immersion tube toward a raised position with a predetermined biasing force.

[0095] Example 20: The automatic analyzer according to any one of Examples 13 to 15, the automatic analyzer further includes a lever member mounted to a second support member and rotatable about a third axis parallel to the second axis, wherein the second engagement member and the lever member are rotatable in opposite directions.

[0096] Example 21: The automatic analyzer according to Example 20, wherein the second engagement member is connected to the first gear, wherein the lever member is connected to the second gear, and wherein the first gear and the second gear engage with each other.

[0097] Example 22: The automatic analyzer according to Example 20 or 21 further includes a lever biasing member connected to the lever member and the second engagement member, wherein the lever biasing member is configured to bias the immersion tube toward the raised position with a predetermined biasing force.

[0098] Example 23: The automatic analyzer according to Example 22, wherein the lever biasing member is configured to provide a biasing force to the lever member and the second engagement member in a direction toward each other at its two connection points.

[0099] Example 24: The automatic analyzer according to any one of Examples 1 to 23 further includes a guide pulley arranged adjacent to the lower end of the guide rail and configured to rotate at least one biasing member.

[0100] Example 25: An automatic analyzer according to any one of Examples 1 to 24, wherein at least one biasing member is a spring.

[0101] Example 26: The automated analyzer according to any one of Examples 1 to 25 further includes a sealing member disposed at the immersion tube and configured to seal the opening by engaging the edge of the opening of the reagent container.

[0102] Example 27: The automatic analyzer according to any one of Examples 1 to 26 further includes a bellows connected to an immersion tube, a first end of the bellows being fixed to the immersion tube and a second end of the bellows being movable relative to the immersion tube.

[0103] Example 28: The automated analyzer according to Example 27, wherein when the immersion tube is in its lowered position, the bellows is arranged at the immersion tube at the external position of the reagent container.

[0104] Example 29: The automated analyzer according to Example 27, wherein when the immersion tube is in its lowered position, the corrugated tube is arranged at the immersion tube position inside the reagent container.

[0105] Example 30: An automatic analyzer according to any one of Examples 27 to 29, wherein the bellows is connected to or integrally formed with the sealing member.

[0106] Example 31: An automated analyzer according to any one of Examples 27 to 30, wherein the bellows is at least partially made of a fluoropolymer, preferably PTFE or steel.

[0107] Example 32: An automatic analyzer according to any one of Examples 26 to 31, wherein the sealing member includes a vent. Attached Figure Description

[0108] Preferably, additional optional features and embodiments will be disclosed in more detail in conjunction with the dependent claims in the following description of embodiments. These optional features, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, can be implemented individually and in any feasible combination. The scope of the invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments. Embodiments are schematically depicted in the accompanying drawings. In these drawings, the same reference numerals refer to the same or functionally equivalent elements.

[0109] In the attached diagram:

[0110] Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the automated analyzer;

[0111] Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the lifting device;

[0112] Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the lower part of the lifting device;

[0113] Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the lower part of the lifting device in operation;

[0114] Figure 5 shows a perspective view of the lower part of the lifting device in another operating state;

[0115] Figure 6 shows a perspective view of the lower part of the lifting device in another operating state;

[0116] Figure 7 shows a perspective view of the upper part of the lifting device in operation;

[0117] Figure 8 shows a perspective view of the upper part of the lifting device;

[0118] Figure 9 shows a perspective view of the upper part of the lifting device in operation;

[0119] Figure 10 shows a perspective view of the upper part of the lifting device in another operating state;

[0120] Figure 11 shows a perspective view of the upper part of the lifting device in another operating state;

[0121] Figure 12 shows a cross-sectional view of the bellows and the immersion tube;

[0122] Figure 13 shows a perspective view of the bellows and immersion tube according to the first modification;

[0123] Figure 14 shows a perspective view of the bellows and immersion tube according to the second modification;

[0124] Figure 15 shows a perspective view of the upper part of the lifting device in another operating state, and

[0125] Figure 16 shows a perspective view of the upper part of the lifting device modified according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0126] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of an automated analyzer 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the automated analyzer 100. The automated analyzer 100 is configured to analyze samples. The automated analyzer 100 includes a housing 102. The housing 102 at least partially encloses at least one analytical instrument 104. For example, several analytical instruments 104 may be present, such as two, three, or even more. The analytical instruments 104 are configured to perform an analytical process on the sample. The automated analyzer 100 is configured to contain at least one reagent container 106. Needless to say, the automated analyzer 100 may contain multiple reagent containers 106, such as two, three, or even more. Needless to say, each analytical instrument 104 may be supplied with reagents from more than one reagent container 106. The automated analyzer 100 further includes a detector 108 configured to detect the identification of reagents stored in the reagent container 106. Detector 108 is an RFID reader configured to detect reagent identification via an RFID tag (not shown in detail) located at reagent container 108. For example, the RFID tag may be attached to the outer surface of reagent container 106. Alternatively, detector 108 may be a barcode reader configured to detect reagent identification via a barcode located at reagent container 106. The automated analyzer 100 further includes an immersion tube 110 configured to retrieve reagents stored in reagent container 106. Immersion tube 110 may be made of a metal such as stainless steel. Immersion tube 110 is in fluid communication with analytical instrument 104. The automated analyzer 100 further includes a lifting device 112 configured to raise and lower immersion tube 110.

[0127] Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the lifting device 112. The lifting device 112 includes a guide rail 114 on which the immersion tube 100 is slidably moved between a lowered position and an elevated position, in which the immersion tube 110 is configured to be immersed in the reagent container 106, and in the elevated position, the immersion tube 110 is configured to be retracted from the reagent container 106. It should be noted that, for illustrative reasons, Figure 2 only partially shows the immersion tube 110. The guide rail 114 may be a straight track formed similar to a flat rod and may be made of metal. The guide rail 114 is preferably oriented parallel to the direction of gravity. The lifting device 112 further includes at least one biasing member 116 configured to bias the immersion tube 110 toward the lowered position with a predetermined biasing force. In this embodiment, the biasing member 116 is a spring such as a helical spring. The lifting device 112 further includes an immersion tube retainer 118 that holds the immersion tube 110 and is movably mounted to the guide rail 114. For example, the immersion tube retainer 118 partially surrounds the guide rail 114, thereby being movably mounted to the guide rail 114 similar to a slide.

[0128] Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the lower portion of the lifting device 112. The lifting device 112 further includes a first support member 120 connected to at least one biasing member 116 and movably mounted to a guide rail 114. The first support member 120 is relatively flat and formed as a sheet. The lifting device 112 further includes a first engagement member 122 configured to engage an immersion tube holder 118. The first engagement member 122 is arranged adjacent to the lower end 124 of the guide rail 114. The first engagement member 122 is mounted to the first support member 120 and thus moves integrally with the first support member 120. The first engagement member 122 is configured to releasably lock the immersion tube holder 118 and, when engaged therewith, integrally move the immersion tube (110) to a lowered position. The first engagement member 122 is pivotable about a first axis 126 perpendicular to the centerline 128 of the guide rail 114. Specifically, the first axis 126 is spaced apart from the centerline 128 of the guide rail 114.

[0129] Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the lower portion of the lifting device 112 in operation. Figures 5 and 6 show perspective views of the lower portion of the lifting device 112 in different or other operating states. The immersion tube retainer 118 includes a first pin or roller 130. The first engaging member 122 includes a first groove 132 configured to engage the first pin or roller 130. In particular, the first groove 132 is formed to be at least partially inclined relative to the centerline 128 of the guide rail 114, such that the first engaging member 122 is configured to rotate about a first axis 126 when engaging the first pin or roller 130. For example, the first groove 132 includes a first tapered inlet portion 134 facing the first pin or roller 130.

[0130] The automated analyzer 100 further includes a first slotted guide member 136 and a first linkage assembly 140. The first slotted guide member includes a first guide groove 138 and is arranged adjacent to or at the lower end 124 of the guide rail 114. The first linkage assembly engages the first guide groove 138 and is pivotally connected to a first engagement member 122. In this embodiment, the first slotted guide member 136 is arranged at the lower end 124 of the guide rail 114. In any case, the first slotted guide member 136 is arranged closer to the lower end 124 of the guide rail 114 than the first support member 120. The first guide groove 138 includes a first groove portion 142 substantially parallel to the centerline 128 of the guide rail 114 and a second groove portion 144 substantially perpendicular to the centerline 128 of the guide rail 114. The first groove portion 142 and the second groove portion 144 transition into each other. The first link assembly 140 includes a first link 146 engaging with a first guide groove 138 and a second link 148 pivotally connected to a first engagement member 122 at a first position 150 spaced apart from the first axis 126. The first link 146 and the second link 148 may be rod-shaped or similar plates. The first link 146 and the second link 148 are pivotally connected to each other. Furthermore, the second link 148 is connected to a first link biasing member 152 configured to bias the second link 148 in a direction inclined relative to the centerline 128 of the guide rail 114 and away from the first link 146. The first link 146 engages the first guide groove 138 via rollers or the like.

[0131] Figure 7 shows a perspective view of the upper portion of the lifting device 112 in operation. Figure 8 shows a perspective view of the upper portion of the lifting device 112 in another operating state. Figure 9 shows a perspective view of the upper portion of the lifting device 112 in another operating state. Figure 10 shows a perspective view of the upper portion of the lifting device 112 in another operating state. Figure 11 shows a perspective view of the upper portion of the lifting device 112 in another operating state. The lifting device 112 further includes a second support member 154 connected to at least one biasing member 116 and fixedly mounted to the guide rail 114. The lifting device 112 further includes a second engagement member 156 configured to engage the immersion tube holder 118. The second engagement member 156 is arranged adjacent to the upper end 158 of the guide rail 114. The second engagement member 156 is mounted to the second support member 154. At least one biasing member 116 is connected to the second support member 154. For example, at least one biasing member 116 is connected to the second support member 154 at a location adjacent to the end edge of the lower end 124 of the face guide rail 114. A second engaging member 156 is configured to releasably lock the immersion tube holder 118 and move it to a raised position upon engagement with the immersion tube 110. The second engaging member 156 is pivotable about a second axis 160 perpendicular to the centerline 128 of the guide rail 114. The second axis 160 is spaced apart from the centerline 128 of the guide rail 114. Specifically, the second engaging member 156 is connected to and integrally rotatable about the second axis 160 with the first gear 162.

[0132] Furthermore, lever member 164 is mounted to second support member 154. Lever member 164 is connected to second gear 166 and is integrally rotatable about third axis 168. Third axis 168 is parallel to second axis 160. First gear 162 and second gear 166 engage or mesh with each other. Therefore, second engagement member 156 and lever member 164 are rotatable in opposite directions. Furthermore, lever biasing member 170 is connected to lever member 164 at a position spaced apart from third axis 168 and to second engagement member 156 at a position spaced apart from second axis 160. Lever biasing member 170 is configured to bias the immersion tube 110 toward a raised position with a predetermined biasing force. Furthermore, second support member 154 includes at least one stop member 171 configured to restrict rotational or pivoting movement of second engagement member 156. In this embodiment, there are two stop members 171. The stop member 171 is formed as a protrusion or pin projecting from the second support member 154. The stop member 171 is arranged on the second support member 154 on the opposite side of the second engaging member 156. Specifically, relative to the centerline 128 of the guide rail 114, one stop member 171 is located above the second engaging member 156 and the other stop member 171 is located below the second engaging member 156. (See Figure 7 and...) Figure 8 As shown, when the immersion tube 110 and the immersion tube holder 118 are not in the raised position, the second engaging member 156 engages the lower stop member 171. As shown in FIG. 10, when the immersion tube 110 and the immersion tube holder 118 are in the raised position, the second engaging member 156 engages the upper stop member 171. Therefore, the stop member 171 restricts the rotational or pivotal movement of the second engaging member 156. The position of the stop member 171 provides that the angle between the second groove 174 of the second engaging member 156 and the centerline 128 of the guide rail 144 becomes too small in the rotational position of the second engaging member 156 when the second pin or roller 172 is engaged. If this angle is too small, the immersion tube holder 118 and the second pin or roller 172 may not be able to release from the second engaging member 156. Basically, only one stop member 171 may be present. For example, the second engaging member 156 may include at least a recess, groove, or hole in the surface facing the second support member 154, which is engaged by a single stop member 171 protruding from the second support member 154. Thus, the stop member 171 is located within the recess, groove, or hole of the second support member 154 and engages the wall or edge defining the recess, groove, or hole.

[0133] The immersion tube retainer 118 includes a second pin or roller 172. A second engaging member 156 includes a second groove 174 configured to engage the second pin or roller 172. The second groove 174 is formed to be at least partially inclined relative to the centerline 128 of the guide rail 114, such that the second engaging member 156 is configured to rotate about a second axis 160 when engaging the second pin or roller 172. One wall of the second groove 174 defining the lower end 124 of the guide rail 114 is shorter than the opposing wall. A lever biasing member 170 is connected to the second engaging member 156 at a location between the second axis 160 and the rear end of the second groove 174. The lever biasing member 170 provides a biasing force to the lever member 164 and the second engaging member 156 in a direction toward each other at the two connection points. The two connection points of the lever biasing member 170 are arranged such that, in the initial state of the lever biasing member 170 shown in Figures 7 to 9, the imaginary line connecting the two connection points does not intersect the second axis 160 but passes slightly below it. Therefore, the lever biasing member 170 is stable in both final rotational positions.

[0134] Referring again to FIG. 2, the automated analyzer 100 further includes a guide pulley 176 arranged adjacent to the lower end 124 of the guide rail 114 and configured to rotate at least one biasing member 116. The axis of rotation of the guide pulley 176 may be perpendicular to the center line 128 of the guide rail 114. In this embodiment, the axis of rotation is perpendicular to the drawing plane of FIG. 2. Needless to say, the axis of rotation may be parallel to the drawing plane of FIG. 2 and perpendicular to the center line 128 of the guide rail 114.

[0135] The automated analyzer 100 further includes a sealing member 178 disposed at the immersion tube 110 and configured to seal the opening 180 of the reagent container 106 by engaging an edge 182 that defines the opening 180. Specifically, for this embodiment, the sealing member 178 is movable relative to the immersion tube 110. As shown in FIG2, the sealing member 178 may be a sealing ring. The sealing member 178 includes a vent 184. The vent 184 may be provided with a filter element (not shown in detail) to prevent any vapor from inside the reagent container 106 from escaping from the reagent container 106 and / or reagent deterioration caused by contamination of the reagent by incoming air. The automated analyzer 100 further includes a bellows 186 connected to the immersion tube 110, a first end 188 of which is fixed to the immersion tube 110 and a second end 190 of which is movable relative to the immersion tube 110. When the immersion tube 110 is in its lowered position, a bellows 186 is positioned inside the immersion tube 110 within the reagent container 106. The bellows 186 is connected to or integrally formed with a sealing member 178. The bellows 186 is at least partially made of a polymer (particularly a fluoropolymer) or steel. For example, the bellows 186 is made of PTFE. The bellows 186 can be compressed or extended over a distance or length of approximately 5 to 20 mm.

[0136] Figure 12 shows a cross-sectional view of the bellows 186 and the immersion tube 110. To ensure sufficient sealing force, the bellows 186 may be provided with a bellows biasing member 191 configured to bias the sealing member 178 into its sealing position. Providing such a bellows biasing member 191 is particularly relevant if the bellows 186 is made of a fluoropolymer. The bellows biasing member 191 may be arranged within the bellows 186. As shown in Figure 12, the bellows 186 is provided at an internal location within the reagent container 106 when the immersion tube 110 is in its lowered position. In this case, the bellows biasing member 191 is a tension spring, etc. In this case, one end of the tension spring is fixed to a first end 188 of the bellows 186 and the other end of the tension spring is fixed to a second end 190 of the bellows 186 or the sealing member 178. Therefore, the tension spring tends to compress the bellows 186 and pull the sealing member 178 toward the first end 188 of the bellows 186. The biasing force of the bellows biasing member is less than the biasing force of the biasing member 116. The biasing member 116 tends to move the immersion tube 110 to contact the inner surface of the bottom of the reagent container 106. For this purpose, the immersion tube 110 may include one or more lateral openings at its front end through which reagent can be drawn, or the front end of the immersion tube 110 may include small spacers or filter members to prevent the openings from being blocked or obstructed by the bottom of the reagent container 106.

[0137] Figure 13 shows a perspective view of the bellows 186 and immersion tube 110 according to the first modification. Hereinafter, only the differences from the bellows of Figure 12 will be described, and similar structural members will be indicated by similar reference numerals. When the immersion tube 110 is in its lowered position, the bellows 186 is provided at an external position of the reagent container 106, and the bellows biasing member 191 is a compression spring, etc. In this case, one end of the compression spring is fixed to the first end 188 of the bellows 186, and the other end of the tension spring is fixed to the second end 190 of the bellows 186 or the sealing member 178. Therefore, the compression spring tends to extend the bellows 186 and push the sealing member 178 away from the first end 188 of the bellows 186. In any case, the sealing member 178 is movable relative to the immersion tube 110. The biasing force of the bellows biasing member 191 is less than the biasing force of the biasing member 116. The biasing member 116 tends to move the immersion tube 110 to contact the inner surface of the bottom of the reagent container 106. For this purpose, the immersion tube 110 may include one or more lateral openings at its front end through which reagent can be drawn in, or the front end of the immersion tube 110 may include small spacers or filter members to prevent the openings from being blocked or obstructed by the bottom of the reagent container 106.

[0138] Figure 14 shows a perspective view of the bellows 186 and immersion tube 110 according to the second modification. Hereinafter, only the differences from the bellows of Figure 12 will be described, and similar structural components will be indicated by similar reference numerals. As shown in Figure 14, when the immersion tube 110 is in its lowered position, the bellows 186 is provided at an internal location within the reagent container 106. Specifically, the bellows 186 is arranged adjacent to the front end of the immersion tube 110 and, therefore, spaced apart from the sealing member 178. The bellows 186 is arranged such that a first end 188 facing the sealing member 178 is fixedly mounted to the immersion tube 110, and a second end 190 facing away from the sealing member 178 is movable relative to the immersion tube 110. The bellows biasing member 191 is a compression spring, etc. In this configuration, the end of the compression spring is fixed to the first end 188 of the bellows 186, and the other end of the tension spring is fixed to the second end 190 of the bellows 186. Therefore, the compression spring tends to extend the bellows 186. The biasing force of the bellows biasing member 191 is less than the biasing force of the biasing member 116. The biasing member 116 tends to move the immersion tube 110 to contact the inner surface of the bottom of the reagent container 106. For this purpose, the bellows 186 may have its second end 190 protruding from the front end of the immersion tube 110 and connected to or integrally formed with a filter member having an opening, the second end being arranged to prevent the opening from being blocked or obstructed by the bottom of the reagent container 106.

[0139] Figure 15 shows a perspective view of the upper portion of the lifting device 112 in another operating state. The long arrows in Figure 15 are intended to indicate the positions of the immersion tube holder 118 and the immersion tube 110 shown in the right portion of Figure 15. The automated analyzer 100 further includes a locking device 192 configured to lock the immersion tube 110 in the raised position and allow movement of the immersion tube 110 toward the lowered position only when the reagent identifier detected by the detector 108 corresponds to the target reagent identifier. In other words, the locking device 192 only allows the immersion tube 110 to be moved to the lowered position if there is a match between the target reagent and the actual reagent identified by the detector 108. It should be noted that the locking device 192 is omitted in Figures 2, 7 through 11 and 15 only for illustrative reasons and the locking device is actually present. The locking device 192 is arranged adjacent to the upper end 158 of the guide rail 114. The locking device 192 includes a locking lever 194. Locking lever 194 is pivotable about locking lever axis 196 located at a rear end 198 adjacent to locking lever 194. Locking lever 194 includes a hook 200 located at a front end 202 adjacent to locking lever 194. Hook 200 is configured to engage lever member 164. Locking lever 194 includes a protrusion 204, such as a pin, which may be located at the center of locking lever 194. Locking device 192 further includes a tension spring 206 connected to locking lever 194 and a second support member 154. Tension spring 206 provides a biasing force to locking lever 194 in a direction toward second support member 154. Locking device 192 further includes a stop 208 configured to stop lever member 164. Locking device 192 further includes a pull lever 210 having a hole 212 (such as a through hole or slotted hole). The protrusion 204 of the locking lever 194 engages with the hole 212. The locking device 192 further includes an actuator 214 configured to move the pull lever 210 in a direction away from the locking lever 194. For example, the actuator 214 includes a motor 216 connected to a gear or pinion 218, which in turn engages the rack portion 220 of the pull lever 210. Needless to say, any actuator configured to move the locking lever 194 away from the lever member 164 can be used. For example, an eccentric cam acting on the underside of the locking lever and driven by the actuator, a magnet (such as an electromagnet), or a rotating magnet pulling the locking lever 194 away from the lever member 164 can be used. The locking device 192 can be modified because the locking lever 194 does not include the protrusion 204 that engages with the hole 212 of the pull lever 210.Instead, hole 212 is a through hole or slot, and the locking lever extends through hole 212.

[0140] Figure 16 shows a perspective view of the upper portion of the lifting device 112 modified according to the present invention. Hereinafter, only the differences from the embodiments shown in Figures 7 to 15 will be explained, and similar structural members will be identified by similar reference numerals. Generally, for the modified embodiment shown in Figure 16, the upper portion of the lifting device 112 is similar to the lower portion but inverted. In this respect, it must be noted that at least one biasing member 116 does not need to be the same as that shown in Figures 7 to 15, but may be connected to another component other than the first support member 120. For example, there may be two biasing members 116, one biasing member 116 connected to the first support member 120 and an intermediate member (not shown in detail) fixed between the upper and lower portions of the lifting device 112, and the other biasing member 116 connected to the second support member 154 and the intermediate member or any other fixed intermediate position. The long arrows in Figure 16 are intended to indicate the positions of the immersion tube holder 118 and the immersion tube 110 shown in the right-hand portion of Figure 16. Specifically, according to the modified embodiment shown in FIG16, the automated analyzer 100 includes a second slotted guide member 222, which includes a second guide slot 224 and is arranged adjacent to or near the upper end 158 of the guide rail 114. The second guide slot 224 includes a third slot portion 226 substantially parallel to the centerline 128 of the guide rail 114 and a fourth slot portion 228 substantially perpendicular to the centerline 128 of the guide rail 114. The third slot portion 226 and the fourth slot portion 228 transition into each other. The automated analyzer 100 includes a second linkage assembly 230 that engages the second guide slot 224 and is pivotally connected to a second engagement member 156. The second linkage assembly 230 includes a third link 232 that engages the second guide slot 224 and a fourth link 234 that is pivotally connected to the second engagement member 156 at a second position 235 spaced apart from the second axis 160. The third link 232 is pivotally connected to the fourth link 234. The third link 232 is connected to a second link biasing member 236, which is configured to bias the third link 232 in a direction inclined relative to the centerline 128 of the guide rail 114 and away from the fourth link 234. A locking device 192 is also present. The hook 200 of the locking lever 194 is configured to engage the third link 232. For example, the third link 232 includes a recess or the like that engageable by the hook 200. The third link 232 engages the second guide groove 224 by rollers or the like.

[0141] The automated analyzer 100 can be further modified, as will be explained in more detail below. The lifting device 112 can be operated independently or separately from the automated analyzer 100 by a robot, etc., because the lifting device allows for considerable operational tolerances and, due to the support of the bias member 116, reliably allows movement to the end positions (i.e., the lowered position and the raised position). Furthermore, the lifting device 112 requires only linear upward and downward movement. The robot can also perform the replacement of the reagent container 106. After the detector 108 and its controller perform a positive check on the reagent container 106, communication with the robot for lowering the immersion tube can be wireless, such as via WLAN, Bluetooth, video, or infrared signals. Furthermore, the automated analyzer 100 can notify the user to raise the immersion tube 110 and remove the empty reagent container 106 via a display, etc., or via the robot (via wireless communication, such as via WLAN, Bluetooth, video, or infrared signals). The bias member 116 and / or the lever bias member 170 can be a helical spring.

[0142] In the following description, the operation of the automated analyzer 100 will be illustrated with reference to Figures 1 through 13. The explanation of the operation begins with reference to Figure 1, which shows the reagent container 106 loaded into the automated analyzer 100. The immersion tube 110 is in the lowered position inserted into the reagent container 106. Assuming that the detector 108 has identified the correct reagent in the reagent container 106, a further explanation of the operation is given. To move the immersion tube 110 to the lowered position, reference is first made to the lower part relative to the lifting device 112, starting from the midpoint between the raised and lowered positions shown in Figure 2.

[0143] As shown in Figure 3, when the immersion tube 110 is in the intermediate position, the first support member 120 is spaced 20 to 40 mm, such as 30 mm, from the lower end 124 of the guide rail 114. The first engaging member 122 is oriented such that the first groove 132 extends parallel to the centerline 128 of the guide rail 114, with the opening of the first groove facing the upper end 158 of the guide rail 114. The first link 146 of the first link assembly 140 is located in the second groove portion 144 of the first slotted guide member 136.

[0144] As shown in Figure 4, when the immersion tube 110 and the immersion tube holder 118 are further lowered, the first pin or roller 130 of the immersion tube holder 118 begins to enter the first groove 132 of the first engagement member 122.

[0145] Therefore, as shown in FIG5, the first engaging member 122 is rotated or pivoted counterclockwise. The pivoting movement of the first engaging member 122 is primarily facilitated by manual movement by the user, but additionally by the weight of the immersion tube holder 118 and the separation of the first axis 126 from the centerline 128 of the guide rail 114. Simultaneously, the first link 146 is pivoted relative to the second link 148 and moves from the second slot portion 144 into the first slot portion 142 of the first guide slot 138. Furthermore, the first support member 120 automatically moves to the lower end 124 of the lower guide rail 114 by the biasing force of the biasing member 116. Thus, as shown in FIG6, the immersion tube 110 and the immersion tube holder 118 move to the lowered position. The biasing force provided by the biasing member 116 is adjusted such that the immersion tube holder 118 moves without any excessive acceleration and presses the sealing member 178 against the edge 182 of the opening 180 of the reagent container 106 with sufficient force to prevent any leakage of evaporated reagent. Furthermore, the bellows 186 allows for compensation for any variations in the height of the different reagent containers 106. In other words, when the immersion tube holder 118 is lowered, it automatically engages with the first engaging member 122 at a predetermined position, near the lowered position defined by the engagement point of the first pin or roller 130 and the first groove 132.

[0146] As shown in Figure 7, when the immersion tube 110 or immersion tube holder 118 is lifted, for example, to replace reagent container 106, the user lifts the immersion tube holder 118. This causes the first support member 120 to move upward. Furthermore, the first link 146 pivots relative to the second link 148 and moves from the first slot portion 142 into the second slot portion 144 of the first guide slot 138; this movement is facilitated by the first link biasing member 152. Consequently, the first engaging member 122 is rotated clockwise or pivoted, and the first link assembly 140 is preloaded.

[0147] In order to move the immersion tube 110 to the raised position, a reference is then made relative to the upper part of the lifting device 112, starting from the midpoint between the raised and lowered positions shown in FIG7.

[0148] As shown in Figure 8, when the immersion tube 110 and the immersion tube holder 118 are further raised, the immersion tube holder 118 advances the second engagement member 156. As shown in Figure 8, when the immersion tube holder 118 is in the intermediate position, the second groove 174 of the second engagement member 156 is inclined relative to the centerline 128 of the guide rail 114, and the opening of the second groove 174 faces downward toward the lower end 124 of the guide rail 114. Furthermore, the lever member 164 is in a counter-clockwise rotation position.

[0149] As shown in Figure 9, when the immersion tube 110 and immersion tube holder 118 are further lifted, the second pin or roller 172 of the immersion tube holder 118 is inserted into the second groove 174 and engages its upper wall. Therefore, the second engaging member 156 is rotated or pivoted counterclockwise. Simultaneously, the lever member 164 is rotated or pivoted clockwise due to the meshing of the first gear 162 and the second gear 166 (facilitated by the biasing force of the lever biasing member 170). Therefore, as shown in Figure 10, the immersion tube 110 and immersion tube holder 118 automatically move to the lifted position. The biasing force of the lever biasing member 170 is adjusted so that the immersion tube 110 is moved to the lifted position without any excessive acceleration, thus avoiding any reagent splashing adhering to the immersion tube 110. In other words, when the immersion tube holder 118 is lifted, it automatically engages with the second engagement member 156 at a predetermined position of the second support member 154, which is close to the lifted position defined by the engagement point of the second pin or roller 172 and the second groove 174.

[0150] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 10 and 15, the immersion tube 110 is locked in the raised position by a locking device 192 (as a hook 200 of a locking lever 194 that engages with lever member 164). A stop 208 for the locking lever 194 is provided to allow the pull lever 210 to actuate the locking lever 194 when the immersion tube 110 is withdrawn to the raised position.

[0151] In the raised position, the immersion tube 110 retracts from the reagent container 106, allowing the reagent container to be replaced by a new or other reagent container 106. The detector 108 then identifies the reagent stored in the new reagent container 106, such as by reading an RFID tag or barcode located on the reagent container 106. If the identifier of the reagent detected by the detector 108 corresponds to the target identifier of the reagent, the detector 108 sends a signal to the locking device 192. The locking device 192 then operates the motor 216 to rotate the pinion 218 clockwise relative to the illustration in FIG. 15. Therefore, as indicated by arrow 238, the pull lever 210 is disengaged from the locking lever 194. Consequently, the hook 200 of the locking lever 194 disengages from the lever member 164. The immersion tube holder 118 can then be moved downwards away from the raised position.

[0152] As shown in Figure 10, when the immersion tube holder 118 moves downward, the second engaging member 156 rotates or pivots clockwise. Simultaneously, due to the meshing of the first gear 162 and the second gear 166, the lever member 164 rotates or pivots counterclockwise. Furthermore, the second pin or roller 172 disengages from the second groove 174, thereby allowing further movement of the immersion tube 110 and the immersion tube holder 118 toward the lowered position.

[0153] As shown in Figure 16, if the modified embodiment is applied to the upper part of the lifting device 112, its operation is as follows. When the immersion tube 110 and immersion tube holder 118 are moved from the lowered position toward the raised position, the second pin or roller 172 is inserted into the second groove 174. Then, the second engaging member 156 is rotated or pivoted counterclockwise. Simultaneously, the third link 232 engaging the second guide groove 224 is moved from the fourth groove portion 228 into the third groove portion 226. Furthermore, the third link 232 and the fourth link 234 pivot relative to each other. Therefore, the second pin or roller 172 is locked, and the immersion tube holder is automatically drawn into the raised position by the biasing force of the biasing member 116.

[0154] In the raised position, the immersion tube 110 retracts from the reagent container 106, allowing the reagent container to be replaced by a new or other reagent container 106. The detector 108 then identifies the reagent stored in the new reagent container 106, such as by reading an RFID tag or barcode located on the reagent container 106. If the identifier of the reagent detected by the detector 108 corresponds to the target identifier of the reagent, the detector 108 sends a signal to the locking device 192. The locking device 192 then operates the motor 216 to rotate the pinion 218 counterclockwise relative to the illustration in FIG. 16. Therefore, as indicated by arrow 238, the pull lever 210 is disengaged from the locking lever 194. Consequently, the hook 200 of the locking lever 194 disengages from the third link 232. The immersion tube holder 118 can then be moved downwards away from the raised position.

[0155] As the immersion tube holder 118 moves downward, the second engaging member 156 rotates or pivots clockwise. Simultaneously, the third link 232 and the fourth link 234 rotate or pivot relative to each other, moving the third link 232 from the third groove portion 226 to the fourth groove portion 228. Furthermore, the second pin or roller 172 disengages from the second groove 174, allowing further movement of the immersion tube 110 and the immersion tube holder 118 toward the lowered position.

[0156] List of reference signs

[0157] 100 Automated Analyzer

[0158] 102 Casing

[0159] 104 Analytical Instruments

[0160] 106 Reagent Containers

[0161] 108 detectors

[0162] 110 Immersion Tube

[0163] 112 Lifting device

[0164] 114 guide rail

[0165] 116 Offset component

[0166] 118 Immersion Tube Holder

[0167] 120 First Support Component

[0168] 122 First joint member

[0169] 124 Lower end

[0170] 126 First Axis

[0171] 128 center line

[0172] 130 First pin or roller

[0173] 132 First slot

[0174] 134 First conical inlet section

[0175] 136 First slotted guide component

[0176] 138 First guide groove

[0177] 140 First Linkage Assembly

[0178] 142 First slot section

[0179] 144 Second slot section

[0180] 146 First Link

[0181] 148 Second Link

[0182] 150 First Position

[0183] 152 First Link Offset Component

[0184] 154 Second Support Component

[0185] 156 Second joint member

[0186] 158 (top)

[0187] 160 Second Axis

[0188] 162 First Gear

[0189] 164 Lever components

[0190] 166 Second Gear

[0191] 168 Third Axis

[0192] 170 Lever biasing component

[0193] 171 Stopping component

[0194] 172 Second pin or roller

[0195] 174 Second slot

[0196] 176 Guide pulley

[0197] 178 Sealing components

[0198] 180 opening

[0199] 182 Edge

[0200] 184 ventilation holes

[0201] 186 Corrugated Pipe

[0202] 188 First end

[0203] 190 Second end

[0204] 191 Bellows offset component

[0205] 192 Locking device

[0206] 194 Locking Lever

[0207] 196 Locking lever axis

[0208] 198 Backend

[0209] 200 hooks

[0210] 202 Frontend

[0211] 204 Protrusion

[0212] 206 Tension Spring

[0213] 208 stopper

[0214] 210 Pulling lever

[0215] 212 holes

[0216] 214 driver

[0217] 216 motor

[0218] 218 small gears

[0219] 220 rack section

[0220] 222 Second slotted guide component

[0221] 224 Second guide groove

[0222] 226 Third slot section

[0223] 228 Fourth slot section

[0224] 230 Second Linkage Assembly

[0225] 232 Third Link

[0226] 234 Fourth Link

[0227] 235 Second position

[0228] 236 Second Link Offset Component

[0229] 238 arrows

Claims

1. An automatic analyzer (100) for analyzing a sample, comprising a dip tube (110) configured to retrieve a reagent stored in a reagent container (106), a lifting device (112) configured to lift and lower the dip tube (110), wherein the lifting device (112) comprises a guide rail (114) on which the dip tube (110) is slidably movable between a lowered position, in which the dip tube (110) is configured to dip into the reagent container (106), and a lifted position, in which the dip tube (110) is configured to retract from the reagent container (106), and at least one biasing member (116) configured to bias the dip tube (110) towards the lowered position with a predetermined biasing force, a detector (108) configured to detect an identity of the reagent, and a locking device (192) configured to lock the dip tube (110) in the lifted position and to allow moving the dip tube (110) towards the lowered position only if the identity of the reagent detected by the detector (108) corresponds to a target identity of the reagent, wherein the hoisting device (112) further comprises: a dip tube holder (118) holding the dip tube (110) and movably mounted to the guide rail (114), a first support member (120) connected to the at least one biasing member (116) and movably mounted to the guide rail (114), and a first engagement member (122) configured to engage the dip tube holder (118), wherein the first engagement member (122) is arranged adjacent to a lower end (124) of the guide rail (114), wherein the first engagement member (122) is configured to releasably lock the dip tube holder (118) and to integrally move the dip tube (110) to the lowered position when engaged therewith.

2. The automatic analyzer (100) according to claim 1, wherein the first engagement member (122) is pivotable about a first axis (126) perpendicular with respect to a center line (128) of the guide rail (114).

3. The automatic analyzer (100) according to claim 2, wherein the dip tube holder (118) comprises a first pin or roller (130), wherein the first engagement member (122) comprises a first slot (132) configured to engage the first pin or roller (130).

4. The automated analyzer (100) of claim 3, wherein the first slot (132) is formed at least partially oblique with respect to the centerline (128) of the rail (114) such that the first engagement member (122) is configured to rotate about the first axis (126) when engaging the first pin or roller (130).

5. The automated analyzer (100) of claim 2, further comprising a first slotted guide member (136) and a first linkage assembly (140), the first slotted guide member including a first guide slot (138) and being disposed adjacent the lower end (124) of the rail (114), the first linkage assembly engaging the first guide slot (138) and being pivotally connected to the first engagement member (122), wherein the first guide slot (138) includes a first slot portion (142) that is substantially parallel to the centerline (128) of the rail (114) and a second slot portion (144) that is substantially perpendicular to the centerline (128) of the rail (114).

6. The automated analyzer (100) of claim 1, wherein the lifting device (112) further comprises a second support member (154) connected to the at least one biasing member (116) and mounted to the rail (114) and a second engagement member (156) configured to engage the dip tube holder (118), wherein the second engagement member (156) is disposed adjacent an upper end (158) of the rail (114), wherein the second engagement member (156) is configured to releasably lock the dip tube holder (118) and integrally move the dip tube (110) to the raised position when engaged therewith.

7. The automated analyzer (100) of claim 6, wherein the second engagement member (156) is pivotable about a second axis (160) that is perpendicular with respect to a centerline (128) of the rail (114).

8. The automated analyzer (100) of claim 7, wherein the dip tube holder (118) includes a second pin or roller (172), wherein the second engagement member (156) includes a second slot (174) configured to engage the second pin or roller (172).

9. The automated analyzer (100) of claim 8, wherein the second slot (174) is formed at least partially oblique with respect to the centerline (128) of the rail (114) such that the second engagement member (156) is configured to rotate about the second axis (160) when engaging the second pin or roller (172).

10. The automatic analyzer (100) of claim 7, further comprising a second slotted guide member (222) and a second linkage assembly (230), the second slotted guide member comprising a second guide slot (224) and being disposed adjacent the upper end (158) of the rail (114), the second linkage assembly engaging the second guide slot (224) and being pivotally connected to the second engagement member (156), wherein the second guide slot (224) comprises a third slot portion (226) substantially parallel to the centerline (128) of the rail (114) and a fourth slot portion (228) substantially perpendicular to the centerline (128) of the rail (114).

11. The automatic analyzer (100) of claim 6, wherein the second support member (154) is movably mounted to the rail (114), wherein the at least one biasing member (116) is configured to bias the dip tube (110) toward the raised position with a predetermined biasing force.

12. The automatic analyzer (100) of claim 7, further comprising a lever member (164) mounted to the second support member (154) and rotatable about a third axis (168) parallel to the second axis (160), wherein the second engagement member (156) and the lever member (164) are rotatable in opposite directions.

13. The automatic analyzer (100) of claim 12, further comprising a lever biasing member (170) connected to the lever member (164) and the second engagement member (156), wherein the lever biasing member (170) is configured to bias the dip tube (110) toward the raised position with a predetermined biasing force.

14. The automatic analyzer (100) of any one of claims 1 to 13, further comprising a sealing member (178) disposed at the dip tube (110) and configured to seal an opening (180) of the reagent container (106) by engaging an edge (182) of the opening (180), and / or further comprising a bellows (186) connected to the dip tube (110), a first end (188) of the bellows (186) being fixed to the dip tube (110) and a second end (190) of the bellows (186) being movable relative to the dip tube (110), wherein the bellows (186) is arranged at the dip tube (110) at an outer position of the reagent container (106) when the dip tube (110) is in its lowered position or wherein the bellows (186) is arranged at the dip tube (110) at an inner position of the reagent container (106) when the dip tube (110) is in its lowered position.

Images