A L-shaped water diversion structure for vertical shaft water extraction and its setting method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a vertical shaft water-lifting L-shaped water diversion structure and a setting method thereof. The structure includes a vertical shaft, a connecting pipe and a water-lifting pump; the method is as follows: excavating a branch tunnel on one side of the plain area until the main branch tunnel intersection, and simultaneously carrying out initial support; after the main branch tunnel intersection is supported, excavating water diversion tunnels upstream and downstream respectively and carrying out initial support; setting up a vertical shaft at a suitable position in the valley, and using the vertical shaft method to construct the vertical shaft; using a rock jacking machine or a directional drill to construct a connecting pipe from the vertical shaft direction to the main branch tunnel intersection; lining the bottom plate and side wall of the vertical shaft, installing a water-lifting pump and its water diversion pipeline; after the excavation of the water diversion tunnel is completed, lining construction of the water diversion tunnel and the main branch tunnel intersection is carried out in sequence; lining the construction branch tunnel or blocking the main branch tunnel intersection. The present invention is suitable for water diversion of small flows from water diversion tunnels to scattered towns in valleys, and has the characteristics of short lines, low investment, small environmental impact, reduced policy processing difficulty, and convenient construction organization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water diversion and regulation engineering, and in particular to an L-shaped water diversion structure and a method for setting a water diversion on a pressurized water transmission line, wherein a vertical shaft and a water transmission tunnel are connected in a mountain body by using directional drilling or rock jacking pipe, and a water pump is arranged in the vertical shaft to pump water. Background Art

[0002] When the engineering task of the water diversion project is water supply, it is often necessary to set up water diversion outlets on the water transmission line in consideration of the water supply demand in the areas along the line. Common methods for setting up water diversion outlets include directly connecting branch pipes to the pipelines, using construction branch tunnels to transform them into water diversion outlets, etc.

[0003] The method of directly connecting branch pipes on the pipeline is suitable for steel pipes. When the buried pipes of the main water supply line are relatively shallow and the stratum is a covering layer, a horizontal branch pipe is set up to directly divide the water, and the water diversion outlet is an "I" shaped structure; when the buried pipes of the main water supply line are relatively deep and the stratum is bedrock, a vertical shaft is set up to connect with the main pipe, and the top of the vertical shaft is then connected to the horizontal branch pipe for water diversion, and the water diversion outlet is an inverted "L" shaped structure.

[0004] When the construction branch tunnel is converted into a water diversion, there are also two types of reconstruction methods. One is to use the entire construction branch tunnel section for flow, and then gradually change to pipeline water diversion at the exit of the construction branch tunnel. This is often used in cases where the water diversion flow is large; the other is to use a built-in pipeline in the construction branch tunnel. In this case, a plug needs to be set at the intersection of the main branch tunnel. After the plug, a pipeline is laid in the construction branch tunnel for water transmission. The space outside the pipeline can be used for maintenance. This is often used in cases where the water diversion flow is small. The water diversion structure of these two types of reconstruction methods is in the shape of a "one".

[0005] The water tunnel constructed by the drilling and blasting method is generally buried deep in the mountain along the direction perpendicular to the valley, taking into account the requirements of pressure water delivery and construction branch tunnel layout. The entrance of the construction branch tunnel is generally arranged on the side of the plain belt. When there are branch water diversion needs in scattered villages and towns in the valley, there is often a problem that the layout direction of the branch pipeline is opposite to the direction of the construction branch tunnel, resulting in the extension of the pipeline or difficulty in laying the pipeline over the mountain. When the pipeline passes through the valley, a vertical shaft is set up to draw water. There is often no suitable terrain on the upper part to construct the vertical shaft and water diversion port, and it is difficult to arrange the branch line along the road into the valley or over the mountain.

[0006] Adjusting the axis of the water diversion tunnel can reduce the length of the water diversion branch line, but it will inevitably increase the length of the main water diversion tunnel or the length of the construction branch tunnel, which is generally less economical for branches with less water diversion flow. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an L-shaped water diversion outlet structure for vertical shaft water pumping and a setting method thereof. A vertical shaft is set in a flat area inside the valley close to a water conveyance tunnel. A high-lift water pump is set in the vertical shaft. The bottom of the vertical shaft is connected to the water conveyance tunnel by a connecting pipe of a small diameter, thereby maximally taking into account the needs of setting a water pumping station at a suitable location and reducing the length of the branch pipeline.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0009] A vertical shaft water-lifting L-shaped water diversion structure comprises a vertical shaft, a connecting pipe and a water-lifting pump. The vertical shaft is equivalent to the vertical side of the L-shaped water diversion, and is located in the valley plain area. The top of the vertical shaft is connected to the branch pipeline that conveys water to the towns in the valley, and the bottom is connected to the connecting pipe. The connecting pipe is equivalent to the bottom side of the L-shaped water diversion, and is located between the vertical shaft and the water conveyance tunnel, and serves to connect the vertical shaft and the water conveyance tunnel. The water-lifting pump is located in the vertical shaft, and serves to lift water from the vertical shaft to the surface branch pipeline.

[0010] The vertical shaft can be constructed in soil, rock or a composite stratum of soil and rock. When the vertical shaft is located in the soil layer, a reinforced concrete well ring must be set for retaining soil. The vertical shaft is constructed by using an inverted well or caisson process. When the vertical shaft is located in the rock layer, the initial support of the hole wall should be done well during excavation. Generally, concrete spraying and mesh spraying and anchoring measures are adopted. When the rock strength is low or the integrity is not high, reinforced concrete should be set to support the side walls and bottom plate of the vertical shaft after the excavation is completed. In order to meet the requirements of water pumping, the vertical shaft setting should meet the following requirements at the same time:

[0011] 1. The bottom elevation of the shaft should be lower than the lowest water level of the pressure water tunnel so that water can be pumped from the shaft even when the water level is low;

[0012] 2. The top elevation of the shaft should be higher than the highest water level of the pressurized water tunnel to avoid water overflow;

[0013] 3. The surface terrain where the shaft is located is flat, so that the pipe jacking machine or directional drilling construction equipment can be deployed;

[0014] 4. The ground elevation of the shaft should not be too high to minimize the shaft height. It should be close to the intersection of the main branch tunnel formed by the intersection of the water diversion tunnel and the construction branch tunnel so as to reduce the length of the connecting pipe.

[0015] The diameter of the connecting pipe is determined according to the water diversion flow rate of the L-shaped water diversion port. After the intersection of the main and branch tunnels of the water diversion tunnel and the position of the shaft are determined, the length of the connecting pipe is also determined. The smaller the diameter of the connecting pipe, the greater the head loss along the way. According to the requirements for controlling the head loss along the connecting pipe, the diameter of the connecting pipe can be determined, so as to select rock jacking or directional drilling for construction.

[0016] The water pump foundation is located on the bottom plate of the vertical shaft, the water delivery pipeline at the rear of the water pump can be fixed on the side wall lining of the vertical shaft, and the cable pipe is buried in the side wall lining of the vertical shaft.

[0017] The vertical shaft can adopt a circular shaft structure according to the requirements of favorable force, or can also adopt a rectangular shaft ring structure taking into account the requirements of convenient construction of the pipe jacking machine.

[0018] A method for setting an L-shaped water diversion structure for vertical shaft water extraction comprises the following steps:

[0019] S1. Excavate a branch tunnel on the plain area until the intersection of the main branch tunnel, and carry out initial support simultaneously;

[0020] S2. After the intersection of the main and branch tunnels is supported, water diversion tunnels are excavated upstream and downstream and initial support is carried out;

[0021] S3. Set up a vertical shaft at a suitable location in the valley and construct the shaft using the vertical shaft method;

[0022] S4. Use rock jacking machine or directional drilling to construct a connecting pipe from the vertical shaft to the intersection of the main and branch tunnels;

[0023] S5. Lining the bottom plate and side walls of the shaft, and installing the water pump and its water pipeline;

[0024] S6. After the excavation of the water diversion tunnel is completed, the lining construction of the water diversion tunnel and the intersection of the main and branch tunnels will be carried out in sequence;

[0025] S7. Lining the construction branch tunnel or sealing the intersection of the main branch tunnel.

[0026] In order to meet the requirement that the bottom elevation of the vertical shaft is lower than the lowest water level of the pressurized water conveyance tunnel, and the top elevation of the vertical shaft is higher than the highest water level of the pressurized water conveyance tunnel, the vertical shaft height may be relatively large, and it is inconvenient to construct directional drilling from the vertical shaft. At this time, it is also possible to directly construct the directional drilling guide hole, expand the hole, clean and expand the hole on the flat ground in the valley, and after the connecting pipe is pulled back from the intersection of the main branch tunnel of the construction branch tunnel, the local excavation of the directional drilling working surface is transformed into a vertical shaft.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] 1. Short lines and low investment. The connecting pipe of the L-shaped water diversion outlet is arranged in a straight line inside the mountain. The connecting pipe can connect the water conveyance tunnel and the flat land in the valley with the shortest distance, avoiding the problem of branch pipelines being arranged on the surface along the terrain or over the mountain. It has the characteristics of short lines and low investment.

[0029] 2. Small environmental impact. The connecting pipe of the L-shaped water diversion outlet is arranged inside the mountain, avoiding the surface excavation and backfilling of the branch pipeline, and having a small environmental impact.

[0030] 3. Reduce the difficulty of policy processing. When the branch pipeline adopts the surface layout plan, temporary land acquisition is inevitably required. When it needs to cross roads, bridges, and tunnels, the policy processing is more difficult. The connecting pipe crossing section of the present invention adopts a non-explosive excavation method, which can avoid the above problems and reduce the difficulty of policy processing.

[0031] 4. Convenient construction organization. The intersection of the main and branch tunnels also serves as the exit of the rock pipe jacking machine or the directional drilling exit. When used as the exit of the pipe jacking machine, the construction branch tunnel can be used as the exit working surface; when used as the exit of the directional drilling, the length direction of the construction branch tunnel can be fully utilized to unfold the pipeline; the vertical shaft is an independent working surface, which does not affect the construction of the water delivery tunnel and is convenient for construction organization design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a plan view of an L-shaped water diversion structure for vertical shaft water extraction provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A-A sectional view;

[0034] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 B-B sectional view;

[0035] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 C-C section view;

[0036] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 D-D section view;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a flow chart of a method for setting an L-shaped water diversion outlet for vertical shaft water extraction provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure: 1-water diversion tunnel; 2-construction branch tunnel; 3-intersection of main and branch tunnels; 4-L-shaped water diversion outlet; 41-vertical shaft; 42-connecting pipe; 43-water pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] The present invention provides an L-shaped water diversion outlet structure for vertical shaft water lifting and a setting method thereof. The method is suitable for small-flow water diversion from a water conveyance tunnel to scattered towns in a valley, and can take into account the needs of setting up a water lifting pump station at a suitable location and reducing the length of a branch pipeline to the greatest extent.

[0041] like Figure 1 to Figure 6 As shown, a vertical shaft water diversion structure of the present invention includes a vertical shaft 41, a connecting pipe 42 and a water pump 43. The vertical shaft 41 is equivalent to the vertical side of the L-shaped diversion 4, and is located in the valley plain area. The top of the vertical shaft 41 is connected to the branch pipeline that conveys water to the towns in the valley, and the bottom is connected to the connecting pipe 42. The connecting pipe 42 is equivalent to the bottom side of the L-shaped diversion 4, and is located between the vertical shaft 41 and the water conveyance tunnel 1, and serves to connect the vertical shaft 41 with the water conveyance tunnel 1. The water pump 43 is located in the vertical shaft 41, and serves to draw water from the vertical shaft 41 to the surface branch pipeline.

[0042] The vertical shaft 41 can be constructed in soil, rock or a composite stratum of soil and rock. When the vertical shaft 41 is located in the soil layer, a reinforced concrete well ring must be set for retaining soil. The vertical shaft 41 is constructed by using an inverted well or caisson process. When the vertical shaft 41 is located in the rock layer, the initial support of the cave wall should be done well during excavation. Generally, concrete spraying and mesh spraying and anchoring measures are adopted. When the rock strength is low or the integrity is not high, reinforced concrete should be set to support the side walls and bottom plate of the vertical shaft 41 after the excavation is completed. In order to meet the requirements of the water pump 43 for lifting water, the setting of the vertical shaft 41 should meet the following requirements at the same time:

[0043] 1. The bottom elevation of the shaft 41 should be lower than the lowest water level of the pressure water tunnel 1, so that water can be pumped from the shaft 41 even when the water level is low;

[0044] 2. The top elevation of the shaft 41 should be higher than the highest water level of the pressurized water conveyance tunnel 1 to avoid water overflow;

[0045] 3. The surface terrain at the location of the shaft 41 is flat, so that the pipe jacking machine or directional drilling construction equipment can be deployed;

[0046] 4. The ground elevation of the shaft 41 should not be too high to minimize the height of the shaft 41 and should be close to the intersection 3 of the main branch tunnel formed by the intersection of the water conveyance tunnel 1 and the construction branch tunnel 2 so as to reduce the length of the connecting pipe 42.

[0047] The diameter of the connecting pipe 42 is determined according to the water flow rate of the L-shaped water diversion port 4. After the main branch tunnel intersection 3 and the vertical shaft 41 of the water diversion tunnel 1 are determined, the length of the connecting pipe 42 is also determined. The smaller the diameter of the connecting pipe 42, the greater the head loss along the way. According to the head loss control requirements of the connecting pipe 42 along the way, the diameter of the connecting pipe 42 can be determined, so as to select rock jacking or directional drilling for construction.

[0048] The base of the water pump 43 is located on the bottom plate of the shaft 41 , the water delivery pipeline at the rear of the water pump 43 can be fixed on the side wall lining of the shaft 41 , and the cable pipe is buried in the side wall lining of the shaft 41 .

[0049] The vertical shaft 41 may adopt a circular shaft structure according to the requirement of favorable force bearing, or may adopt a rectangular shaft ring structure taking into account the requirement of convenient construction of the pipe jacking machine.

[0050] The present invention provides a method for setting an L-shaped water diversion structure for vertical shaft water extraction, comprising the following steps:

[0051] S1. Excavate a branch tunnel 2 on one side of the plain area until it reaches the intersection 3 of the main branch tunnel, and carry out initial support simultaneously.

[0052] The construction branch tunnel 2 generally adopts a gate tunnel section. During excavation, initial support measures such as concrete spraying, mesh spraying anchor, and steel brackets should be taken according to the surrounding rock type to ensure construction safety. The elevation of the entrance section of the construction branch tunnel 2 should meet the flood control elevation requirements of the tunnel entrance. When the construction branch tunnel 2 is also used as a surge well, the elevation of the entrance section should also be higher than the highest water level that can be reached in the tunnel.

[0053] After the intersection of S2 and the main and branch tunnels 3 are supported, the water diversion tunnel 1 is excavated upstream and downstream and initial support is carried out.

[0054] The water conveyance tunnel 1 is generally circular or horseshoe-shaped in cross-section after the pressurized water conveyance lining. Considering the convenience of construction, a flat bottom is generally used for excavation. It is necessary to avoid excavation on both sides at close range at the same time. The intersection 3 of the main branch tunnel is first excavated upstream or downstream for at least 30m and initial support is carried out before excavation and initial support are carried out on the other side. The initial support adopts measures such as concrete spraying, mesh spraying anchor, and steel support according to the surrounding rock type to ensure construction safety.

[0055] S3. Set up a vertical shaft 41 at a suitable position in the valley and construct the vertical shaft 41 using the vertical shaft method.

[0056] The L-shaped water diversion port 4 includes a vertical shaft 41, a connecting pipe 42 and a water pump 43. The vertical shaft 41 is excavated from the ground from top to bottom. When the vertical shaft 41 is excavated, the initial support of the cave wall should be done well, generally by taking concrete spraying and mesh spraying anchor measures.

[0057] S4. Use a rock jacking machine or directional drilling to construct a connecting pipe from the vertical shaft 41 to the intersection 3 of the main and branch tunnels.

[0058] Using the shaft 41 as the working surface, the connecting pipe 42 is constructed in the direction of the main branch tunnel intersection 3. When the design diameter of the connecting pipe 42 is greater than 0.8m, the length of the connecting pipe 42 is large, or the longitudinal section of the connecting pipe 42 is strictly required to be a straight section, a rock jacking machine is used for construction. When the pipe diameter is less than 0.8m, directional drilling is suitable for construction. The directional drilling construction process includes the steps of drilling a guide hole, expanding the hole, cleaning and expanding, and pulling back the pipeline. The pulling back pipeline uses a steel pipe or a PE pipe as the inner lining of the connecting pipe 42.

[0059] S5. Lining the bottom plate and side walls of the shaft 41, and installing the water pump 43 and its water delivery pipeline.

[0060] After the construction of the connecting pipe 42 is completed, the reinforced concrete lining of the bottom plate and the side wall of the vertical shaft 41 can be carried out. The foundation of the water pump 43 is set on the bottom plate. The water delivery pipeline behind the water pump 43 can be fixed on the side wall lining of the vertical shaft 41, and the cable pipe is buried in the side wall lining of the vertical shaft 41.

[0061] S6. After the excavation of the water conveyance tunnel 1 is completed, the lining construction of the water conveyance tunnel 1 and the intersection 3 of the main and branch tunnels is carried out in sequence.

[0062] After the water diversion tunnel 1 is excavated and connected, reinforced concrete lining is carried out in a backward manner until the reinforced concrete lining of the intersection 3 of the main and branch tunnels is completed.

[0063] S7. Lining the construction branch tunnel 2 or sealing the intersection 3 of the main branch tunnel.

[0064] When the construction branch tunnel 2 is converted into a maintenance tunnel, reinforced concrete is directly used for lining, and backfill grouting and consolidation grouting are performed. At this time, the elevation of the construction branch tunnel 2 opening must also meet the condition that it cannot be lower than the maximum water level in the water transfer tunnel 1 to avoid water overflow. When the construction branch tunnel 2 is no longer used during the operation period, the opening of the construction branch tunnel 2 is blocked at the intersection 3 of the main branch tunnel.

[0065] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for setting up an L-shaped water diversion structure for vertical shaft water extraction, characterized in that: The vertical shaft water-lifting L-shaped water diversion structure comprises a vertical shaft, a connecting pipe and a water-lifting pump; the vertical shaft is equivalent to the vertical side of the L-shaped water diversion, and is located in the valley plain area; the top of the vertical shaft is connected to the branch pipeline for conveying water to the towns in the valley, and the bottom is connected to the connecting pipe; the connecting pipe is equivalent to the bottom side of the L-shaped water diversion, and is located between the vertical shaft and the water conveyance tunnel, and is used to connect the vertical shaft and the water conveyance tunnel; the water-lifting pump is located in the vertical shaft, and is used to draw water from the vertical shaft to the surface branch pipeline; the setting method of the vertical shaft water-lifting L-shaped water diversion structure comprises the following steps: S1. Excavate a branch tunnel on the plain area until the intersection of the main branch tunnel, and carry out initial support simultaneously; S2. After the intersection of the main and branch tunnels is supported, water diversion tunnels are excavated upstream and downstream and initial support is carried out; S3. Set up a vertical shaft at a suitable location in the valley and construct the shaft using the vertical shaft method; S4. Use rock jacking machine or directional drilling to construct a connecting pipe from the vertical shaft to the intersection of the main and branch tunnels; S5. Lining the bottom plate and side walls of the shaft, and installing the water pump and its water pipeline; S6. After the excavation of the water diversion tunnel is completed, the lining construction of the water diversion tunnel and the intersection of the main and branch tunnels will be carried out in sequence; S7. Lining the construction branch tunnel or sealing the intersection of the main branch tunnel.

2. The method for setting up the L-shaped water diversion structure for vertical shaft water extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom elevation of the vertical shaft is lower than the lowest water level of the water conveyance tunnel so that water can be drawn from the vertical shaft when the water level is low.

3. The method for setting up the L-shaped water diversion structure for vertical shaft water extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top elevation of the shaft is higher than the highest water level of the water conveyance tunnel to avoid water overflow.

4. The method for setting up the L-shaped water diversion structure for vertical shaft water extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the connecting pipe is determined according to the water diversion flow rate of the L-shaped water diversion port. After the intersection of the main and branch tunnels of the water diversion tunnel and the position of the vertical shaft are determined, the length of the connecting pipe is determined. The smaller the diameter of the connecting pipe, the greater the head loss along the way. The diameter of the connecting pipe is determined according to the head loss control requirements along the connecting pipe, so as to select rock jacking or directional drilling for construction.

5. The method for setting up the L-shaped water diversion structure for vertical shaft water extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foundation of the water pump is located on the bottom plate of the shaft, the water delivery pipeline at the rear of the water pump is fixed on the side wall lining of the shaft, and the cable pipe of the water pump is buried in the side wall lining of the shaft.

6. The method for setting up the L-shaped water diversion structure for vertical shaft water extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical shaft adopts a circular shaft structure according to the requirement of favorable force, or adopts a rectangular shaft ring structure to take into account the requirement of convenient construction of the jacking machine.

7. The method for setting up the L-shaped water diversion structure for vertical shaft water extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the elevation of the entrance section of the construction branch tunnel should meet the flood control elevation requirements of the tunnel entrance.

8. The method for setting up the L-shaped water diversion structure for vertical shaft water extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7, when the construction branch tunnel is converted into a maintenance traffic tunnel, reinforced concrete is directly used for lining, and backfill grouting and consolidation grouting are performed. At this time, the elevation of the opening of the construction branch tunnel must not be lower than the highest water level in the water diversion tunnel to avoid water overflow; when the construction branch tunnel is no longer used during the operation period, the opening of the construction branch tunnel at the intersection of the main branch tunnel is blocked.

Images